Cognitive Failures Questionnaire Research Articles

Cognitive complaints in patients with untreated obstructive sleep apnea versus patients with neurological and respiratory diseases: prevalence, severity and risk factors.

Little is known about cognitive complaints (self-reported problems in cognitive functioning) in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). We compared the prevalence and severity of cognitive complaints in patients with untreated OSA to patients with neurological and respiratory diseases. We also studied risk factors for cognitive complaints across these diseases, including OSA. We used a convenience sample to compare untreated OSA patients (N = 86) to patients with stroke (N = 166), primary brain tumor (N = 197) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, N = 204) on cognitive complaints (Cognitive Failure Questionnaire, CFQ), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS) and cognitive impairments using neuropsychological tests. We combined all patient groups (OSA, stroke, brain tumor and COPD) and studied potential risk factors (demographic variables, anxiety, depression and cognitive impairments) for cognitive complaints across all patient groups using regression analysis. The prevalence of cognitive complaints was higher in OSA patients and complaints of forgetfulness and distractibility were more severe compared to stroke and primary brain tumor patients, but similar to or lower than COPD patients. Regression analysis for the combined sample of all patient groups showed that cognitive complaints were most strongly associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression. A high rate of OSA reported clinically significant cognitive complaints, comparable to other respiratory and neurological patients. Symptoms of anxiety and depression are important risk factors for cognitive complaints in patients with various neurological and respiratory diseases. Future studies should examine the relation between anxiety, depression and cognitive complaints in patients with OSA.

Neurofilament light chain and glial fibrillary acid protein levels are elevated in post-mild COVID-19 or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 cases

Given the huge impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, it appears of paramount importance to assess the cognitive effects on the population returning to work after COVID-19 resolution. Serum levels of neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP) represent promising biomarkers of neuro-axonal damage and astrocytic activation. In this cohort study, we explored the association between sNfL and sGFAP concentrations and cognitive performance in a group of 147 adult workers with a previous asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection or mild COVID-19, one week and, in 49 of them, ten months after SARS-Cov2 negativization and compared them to a group of 82 age and BMI-matched healthy controls (HCs). sNfL and sGFAP concentrations were assessed using SimoaTM assay Neurology 2-Plex B Kit. COVID-19 patients were interviewed one-on-one by trained physicians and had to complete a list of questionnaires, including the Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (CFQ). At the first assessment (T0), sNfL and sGFAP levels were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients than in HCs (p < 0.001 for both). The eleven COVID-19 patients with cognitive impairment had significantly higher levels of sNfL and sGFAP than the others (p = 0.005 for both). At the subsequent follow-up (T1), sNfL and sGFAP levels showed a significant decrease (median sNfL 18.3 pg/mL; median sGFAP 77.2 pg/mL), although they were still higher than HCs (median sNfL 7.2 pg/mL, median sGFAP 63.5 pg/mL). Our results suggest an ongoing damage involving neurons and astrocytes after SARS-Cov2 negativization, which reduce after ten months even if still evident compared to HCs.

Prevention of post-operative delirium using an overnight infusion of dexmedetomidine in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a pragmatic, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

BackgroundAfter cardiac surgery, post-operative delirium (PoD) is acknowledged to have a significant negative impact on patient outcome. To date, there is no valuable and specific treatment for PoD. Critically ill patients often suffer from poor sleep condition. There is an association between delirium and sleep quality after cardiac surgery. This study aimed to establish whether promoting sleep using an overnight infusion of dexmedetomidine reduces the incidence of delirium after cardiac surgery.MethodsRandomized, pragmatic, multicentre, double-blind, placebo controlled trial from January 2019 to July 2021. All adult patients aged 65 years or older requiring elective cardiac surgery were randomly assigned 1:1 either to the dexmedetomidine group or the placebo group on the day of surgery. Dexmedetomidine or matched placebo infusion was started the night after surgery from 8 pm to 8 am and administered every night while the patient remained in ICU, or for a maximum of 7 days. Primary outcome was the occurrence of postoperative delirium (PoD) within the 7 days after surgery.ResultsA total of 348 patients provided informed consent, of whom 333 were randomized: 331 patients underwent surgery and were analysed (165 assigned to dexmedetomidine and 166 assigned to placebo). The incidence of PoD was not significantly different between the two groups (12.6% vs. 12.4%, p = 0.97). Patients treated with dexmedetomidine had significantly more hypotensive events (7.3% vs 0.6%; p < 0.01). At 3 months, functional outcomes (Short-form 36, Cognitive failure questionnaire, PCL-5) were comparable between the two groups.ConclusionIn patients recovering from an elective cardiac surgery, an overnight infusion of dexmedetomidine did not decrease postoperative delirium.Trial registration This trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (number: NCT03477344; date: 26th March 2018).

Identifying individual's distractor suppression using functional connectivity between anatomical large-scale brain regions

Distractor suppression (DS) is crucial in goal-oriented behaviors, referring to the ability to suppress irrelevant information. Current evidence points to the prefrontal cortex as an origin region of DS, while subcortical, occipital, and temporal regions are also implicated. The present study aimed to examine the contribution of communications between these brain regions to visual DS. To do it, we recruited two independent cohorts of participants for the study. One cohort participated in a visual search experiment where a salient distractor triggering distractor suppression to measure their DS and the other cohort filled out a Cognitive Failure Questionnaire to assess distractibility in daily life. Both cohorts collected resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data to investigate function connectivity (FC) underlying DS. First, we generated predictive models of the DS measured in visual search task using resting-state functional connectivity between large anatomical regions. It turned out that the models could successfully predict individual's DS, indicated by a significant correlation between the actual and predicted DS (r = 0.32, p < 0.01). Importantly, Prefrontal-Temporal, Insula-Limbic and Parietal-Occipital connections contributed to the prediction model. Furthermore, the model could also predict individual's daily distractibility in the other independent cohort (r = –0.34, p < 0.05). Our findings showed the efficiency of the predictive models of distractor suppression encompassing connections between large anatomical regions and highlighted the importance of the communications between attention-related and visual information processing regions in distractor suppression. Current findings may potentially provide neurobiological markers of visual distractor suppression.

Perceived cognitive performance in off‐prescription users of modafinil and methylphenidate: an online survey

AbstractIntroductionModafinil and methylphenidate are used off‐prescription for cognitive enhancement in healthy individuals. Such use is often reported in online surveys but it is unclear whether drug use for cognitive enhancement is motivated by perceived poor cognitive performance or a desire to improve good cognitive performance. The current study investigated whether off‐prescription users of modafinil and methylphenidate differed in their self‐perceived cognitive performance from people who do not take these drugs.MethodAn online survey targeting forum sites assessed self‐perceived cognitive function via the Adult Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Self‐Report Scale, the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, and the General Procrastination Scale.ResultsThere were 249 respondents, of whom 43% reported no use of modafinil and methylphenidate (the control group) and 58% reported use of one or both drugs without a prescription for cognitive enhancement. This created an independent samples design with three groups. On both the Adult Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder Self‐Report Scale and General Procrastination Scale, modafinil and methylphenidate users reported higher scores than the control group, indicating higher levels of perceived inattention and procrastination. Scores on the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire indicated that modafinil and methylphenidate users rated themselves as having fewer cognitive failures than controls.ConclusionThese findings suggest that at least some reported off‐prescription users of modafinil and methylphenidate may be seeking to reduce the impact of self‐perceived poorer performance, particularly in forms of cognition that are likely to impact on self‐directed or self‐motivated work.

Study on Sleep Quality of Students in Regards with Cognitive Capabilities and Academic Achievement Post COVID-19 Pandemic

A shift in lifestyle during COVID-19 pandemic affects daily conditions, including sleep condition. During pandemic, humans have plenty of time to rest by the virtue of eliminating commuting time for daily activities, therefore changing the sleeping pattern in society, including for students. Students from academic year 2020 are the first to experience online classes, but since Semester 1 of 2022/2023 academic year ITENAS are going back to normal, on-site class activities. This condition reverted the lifestyle shaped over the past two years, affecting cognitive function because one of the supporting factors of cognitive function is sleep quality. Data from ITENAS Academic Bureau showed 48% of students from 2020 suffered decline in GPA index during the first semester of 2022/2023 academic period. In this research the sleep quality of students will be studied using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while cognitive capabilities will be observed through Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (CFQ) with special attention for student’s GPA index. From 97 students sampled for this research, there is an increase of students having bad sleeping quality at the start, during, and at the end of semester, with average percentage during all 3 periods at 89.69% of students with bad sleep quality. The number of students with high cognitive capabilities is increasing from the start, during, and after the end of semester, therefore there is no correlation between sleep quality and cognitive capabilities (p&gt;0.05), as well as between sleep quality and academic achievement and between cognitive capabilities and academic achievement. Despite differences in sleep quality between students from Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning, and Faculty of Architecture and Design, no apparent differences in cognitive capabilities and academic achievements to be observed.

Bilingualism

There is an ever-growing “trend” of bilingualism, and bilingual individuals long ago outnumbered monolinguals, which has led to different discussions and debates. This paper studies the impact of bilingualism on the well-being and cognitive abilities of Kosovan adolescents. A sample of 200 Kosovan adolescents was assessed using the Language Experience and Proficiency Questionnaire (LEAP-Q), Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ), and The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS). Data were collected through the physical administration of questionnaires in schools. Of the 200 participants (age: 13-18), 82 (41%) were males and 118 were females (59%). The results confirm that bilinguals had better cognitive abilities, fewer cognitive failures, and better mental well-being. Moreover, the level of proficiency in the second language was positively correlated with mental well-being and negatively correlated with cognitive failures. Both of these relationships were statistically significant. Strengths, limitations, and future research directions are also discussed.

ANXIETY AND MEMORY COMPLAINTS IN MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER ADULTS: THE MODERATING ROLE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

Abstract The relationship between anxiety and memory complaints is well established. Additionally, physical activity has been shown to improve anxiety symptoms and cognition. Little research, however, has examined if physical activity impacts associations between anxiety and memory complaints in cognitively healthy middle-aged and older adults. Given memory complaints are often the first indicator of subsequent cognitive decline, it is important to understand factors that impact complaints. The present study tested whether physical activity moderated associations between anxiety and memory complaints. Adults aged 50+ (N=271, Mage=64.5, SD=7.8, 124 women) completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS), and the Cognitive Failures questionnaire (CFQ). Multiple linear regressions and simple slope analyses were conducted to examine if physical activity moderated associations between anxiety and memory complaints (CFQ-memory), covarying for age, sex, income, difficulty walking, number of medical conditions, number of medications, body mass index, and depressive symptoms (HADS-depression). Results revealed total physical activity (R2-change=.01, p=.04), vigorous activity (R2-change=.02, p=.02), and walking activity (R2-change=.01, p=.03) moderated associations between anxiety and memory complaints. Specifically, higher anxiety was associated with more memory complaints at all levels of physical activity, with the magnitude of the effect largest at highest levels of physical activity. The present findings suggest higher amounts of physical activity may exacerbate the relationship between anxiety and memory complaints. It is possible aging adults with greater perceived memory disruption experience more anxiety and engage in health enhancing behaviors, such as physical activity. Future studies should explore temporal patterns of this relationship.

Social media use and everyday cognitive failure: investigating the fear of missing out and social networks use disorder relationship

BackgroundNearly five billion individuals worldwide are using social media platforms. While the benefits of using social media, such as fostering social connections, are clear, ongoing discussions are focused on whether excessive use of these platforms might have adverse effects on cognitive functioning. Excessive social media use shares similarities with addictive behaviors and is believed to result from a complex interplay of individual characteristics, emotions, thoughts, and actions. Among these contributing factors, one of particular interest is the Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), a state where an individual apprehends that others are experiencing rewarding moments in their absence (but see more information on the FoMO trait/state debate in this article).MethodsIn this study, we aimed to explore the intricate relationships between FoMO, tendencies towards Social Networks Use Disorder (SNUD), and everyday cognitive failures. To achieve this, we gathered a large sample of N = 5314 participants and administered a comprehensive set of questionnaires. These included a Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) scale, which assessed both trait and state aspects of FoMO, the Social Networking Sites-Addiction Test (SNS-AT), designed to gauge tendencies towards SNUD, and the Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (CFQ), which measured everyday cognitive lapses.ResultsOur findings revealed that among non-users of social media, both FoMO and everyday cognitive failures were at their lowest levels. Further, in the group of social media users, we observed a significant relationship between FoMO and cognitive failures, which was mediated by SNUD tendencies. This mediation was particularly pronounced for the state component of FoMO, which encompasses maladaptive thoughts related to online behavior.ConclusionsWhile our study is cross-sectional and thus cannot establish causality, one plausible interpretation of our findings is that higher FoMO tendencies may trigger excessive social media use, which in turn could lead to cognitive failures, possibly due to distraction and reduced attention to everyday tasks.

Patient-Reported Postoperative Neuropsychological Deterioration After Heart Valve Replacement and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

BackgroundPostoperative cognitive decline (POCD) after cardiosurgical interventions are well described through objective psychometric tests. However, a patient’s subjective perception is essential to clinical assessment and quality of life. This study systematically evaluated patient-reported POCD between subjects undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and heart valve replacement. MethodsThis study was a multicentre, prospective questionnaire survey conducted at the cardiac surgery departments at the Kerckhoff Clinic in Bad Nauheim and the University Hospital in Giessen, Germany. We included patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), aortic valve replacement (AVR), mitral valve replacement or reconstruction (MVR), and combined surgery (CABG + valve replacement [VR]) with extracorporeal circulation. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) for Self-assessment (CFQ-S), and the external assessment (CFQ-foreign [F]) were completed preoperatively, as well as at 3 and 12 months postoperatively. ResultsA total of 491 patients were available for analyses (CABG = 182, AVR = 134, MVR = 93, CABG + VR = 82). POCD and postoperative depression increase (PODI) were observed for each surgical procedure. (At the 3-month follow-up: CFQ-S [CABG = 7.1%, AVR = 3.7%, MVR = 9.7%, CABG + VR = 9.8%]; CFQ-F [CABG = 9.9%, AVR = 9.7%, MVR = 9.7%, CABG + VR = 15.9%]; PODI [CABG = 7.7%, AVR = 9.7%, MVR = 6.5%, CABG + VR = 8.5%]. At the 12-month follow-up: CFQ-S [CABG = 6.6%, AVR = 7.5%, MVR = 15.1%, CABG + VR = 7.3%]; CFQ-F [CABG = 7.1%, AVR = 14.9%, MVR = 10.8%, CABG + VR = 9.8%]; PODI [CABG = 10.4%, AVR = 11.2%, MVR = 6.5%, CABG + VR = 4.9%]). No significant between-group effects were observed for the CFQ-S, CFQ-F, or the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. ConclusionsFor clinicians, paying attention to patients' self-reported experiences of reduced cognitive function and symptoms of depression following cardiac surgery is important. Such reporting is an indication that interventions such as cognitive training or psychotherapy should be considered.

The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire 2.0

Individual differences in the subjective experience of cognitive failures predict important outcomes, such as accident risk. Over the last four decades, these have been measured via the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ). However, multiple CFQ items have diminished contemporary relevance and technology-related failures are not represented at all. Further, various attempts to identify multicomponent structures have had problems, which could be due to small numbers of items from which these structures are devised. Here we developed a large set of new items to more fully sample underlying psychological processes, including contemporary instances of cognitive failures, and performed an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) in a sample of adults (Study 1). This identified one dominant factor, which was supported by a subsequent confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in Study 2. Study 3 replicated the CFA and demonstrated that scores explained variance in objective performance on an attentional control task beyond that explained by the original CFQ. Study 4 demonstrated that scores were associated with focusing, switching, cognitive empathy, affective empathy, and negative affect in ways consistent with the original CFQ. In Study 5, scores demonstrated good test-retest reliability. We offer this 15-item scale as a new and improved measure of cognitive failures (CFQ 2.0).

Cognitive Failure in Adults with Spinal Cord Injury: A Valuable Adjunct Measure for Enhancing Cognitive Assessment and Rehabilitation Outcomes.

Cognitive impairment is common in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI), impacting their daily functioning and rehabilitation. This study assesses the extent of self-reported cognitive failures in everyday life in persons with SCI and its relationships with objective neurocognitive measures and psychosocial factors, including depressive mood, anxiety, perceived control, and fatigue. The differences between forty-one adults with a chronic SCI and forty-one able-bodied controls were examined. The participants completed the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) to assess cognitive failure and neurocognitive tests assessing attention and executive functions, as well as a psychosocial assessment. The SCI group reported higher cognitive failure rates than the able-bodied group (31.7% versus 19%, p > 0.05). Objective neurocognitive tests did not significantly correlate with the CFQ scores in either group. However, the CFQ scores were positively associated with most psychosocial factors, even after controlling for covariates. The CFQ scores were significantly associated with depressive mood in persons with SCI. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating self-reported cognitive measures into neurocognitive assessments and rehabilitation planning for adults with SCI. Self-reports capture everyday cognitive challenges that objective tests may miss. Additionally, this study highlights the strong connections between cognitive failures and psychosocial issues, particularly mood disorders, emphasizing the need for comprehensive rehabilitation and psychosocial support post-SCI, addressing both cognitive and emotional wellbeing.

15 Associations Among Subjective Cognitive Function and Cannabis Use in Older Adults

Objective:Cannabis use in older adults is becoming increasingly common as cannabis becomes both more socially acceptable and legally permissible, whether for medical or recreational purposes. While previous research has found harmful effects of cannabis use on cognition in adolescents and younger adults, few studies have explored cognition and cannabis use in older adults. This study aimed to examine the relationship between lifetime cannabis use patterns and subjective cognitive performance in older adults.Participants and Methods:The sample (N=51) consisted of adults ages 60 and older residing in the United States who endorsed cannabis use within the previous year. Participants completed online questionnaires on demographics, mental health [Geriatric Anxiety Scale (GAS) short form and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) short form], and measures of subjective cognitive function [Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ), the Cognitive Problems and Strategies Assessment (CPSA), and part IV of the Cognitive Self Efficacy Questionnaire (CSEQ)]. The Daily Sessions, Frequency, Age of Onset, and Quantity of Cannabis Use Inventory (DFAQCU) and the Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test (CUDIT) were used to assess cannabis use, and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption items (AUD-C) were used to assess alcohol use. Partial Pearson’s correlations were used to examine relationships between scores of subjective cognitive functioning and cannabis use patterns while controlling for alcohol consumption.Results:Participants aged 60+ (M=68.06, SD=5.80, 49% women) had 15.39 (SD=2.21, range 12-18) years of education on average. Participants’ race/ethnicity was reported as 90.2% White (n=47), 5.9% Latinx or Hispanic (n=3), 2% Black or African American (n=1), and 1% Other (n=1). Most participants (59%) reported first using cannabis as a child or adolescent (range of ages 7-17 years), while 31% reported first using cannabis as an adult (ages 18-58 years), and only 8% endorsed initial use in older adulthood (62-84 years). On average, this sample reported using cannabis for 19.75 days (SD=11.14) in the last month with n=35 (69%) and having used cannabis for 20 or more years (range 1-60 years). The total CUDIT score was positively correlated with CFQ (rp=.47, p&lt;.001), CPSA problems (rp=.46, p&lt;.001), GAS (rp=.43, p=.002), and GDS (rp=.35, p=.014), and negatively correlated with the CSEQ (rp=-.33, p=.02), all while controlling for alcohol consumption. Days of use in the past month and total years of use were not significantly associated with subjective cognitive function.Conclusions:Among older adult cannabis users, symptoms of Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD) were significantly associated with greater self-reported cognitive failures/problems and worse self-efficacy for cognitive ability, as well as symptoms of anxiety and depression, when controlling for alcohol use. Notably, there was no relationship between subjective cognition and frequency of recent use or lifetime use. For patients who use cannabis, neuropsychologists may find it helpful to focus their clinical interview on CUD symptoms when discussing cognitive complaints rather than other measures of cannabis use. Additional research is needed to examine objective measures of cognitive functioning in older adult cannabis users.

1 Cognitive Rehabilitation and Mindfulness Reduce Cognitive Complaints in Multiple Sclerosis (REMIND-MS): a Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective:Cognitive problems, both complaints and objective impairments, are frequent and disabling in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and profoundly affect daily living. However, intervention studies that focus on cognitive problems that patients experience in their daily lives are limited. This study therefore aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation therapy (CRT) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on patient-reported cognitive complaints in MS.Participants and Methods:In this randomized-controlled trial, MS patients with cognitive complaints completed questionnaires and underwent neuropsychological assessments at baseline, post-treatment and 6-month follow-up. Patient-reported cognitive complaints were primarily investigated. Secondary outcomes included personalized cognitive goals and objective cognitive function. CRT and MBCT were compared to enhanced treatment as usual (ETAU) using linear mixed models.Results:Patients were randomized into CRT (n=37), MBCT (n=36) or ETAU (n=37), of whom 100 completed the study. Both CRT and MBCT positively affected patient-reported cognitive complaints compared to ETAU at post-treatment (p&lt;.05), but not 6 months later. At 6-month follow-up, CRT had a positive effect on personalized cognitive goals (p=.028) and MBCT on processing speed (p=.027). Patients with less cognitive complaints at baseline benefited more from CRT on the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (i.e. primary outcome measuring cognitive complaints) at post-treatment (p=.012-.040), and those with better processing speed at baseline benefited more from MBCT (p=.016).Conclusions:Both CRT and MBCT alleviated cognitive complaints in MS patients immediately after treatment completion, but these benefits did not persist. In the long term, CRT showed benefits on personalized cognitive goals and MBCT on processing speed. These results thereby provide insight in the specific contributions of available cognitive treatments for MS patients.

24 Associations Between Positive Psychological Factors and Neurocognitive Functioning in Older Adults

Objective:Psychological wellness and strong cognitive skills are both important to successful aging. Although there are well-established relationships between psychiatric illness (e.g., depression, anxiety, PTSD) and cognitive dysfunction, few studies have focused on the relationships between positive psychological factors and neurocognitive function in older adults. Our goal was to explore associations between these two sets of measures in older adults.Participants and Methods:Participants (n=111) were part of a longitudinal study of biopsychosocial functioning in independently living older adult residents of a Continuing Care Senior Housing Community. Participants were administered a cognitive screening test (Montreal Cognitive Assessment; MoCA), a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, and a set of published self-report scales measuring positive emotional and psychological function. Neuropsychological scores were appropriately normed, and composite scores were calculated for the following domains: language (Boston Naming Test, Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System [D-KEFS] Verbal Fluency), attention/working memory (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV [WAIS-IV] Digit Span, DKEFS Visual Scanning), learning and delayed recall (Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised), processing speed (WAIS-IV Coding, D-KEFS Trails Number and Letter Sequencing, D-KEFS Color-Word Interference Test Color and Word Naming), and executive function (D-KEFS Color-Word Inhibition and Inhibition/Switching, DKEFS Letter/Number Switching). Self-Report scales included the Perceived Stress Scale, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Depression Scale, Emotional Support Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Coping Humor and Self-Efficacy Scales, Personal Mastery Scale, Meaning in Life Scale, Self-Rated Successful Aging, Satisfaction with Life, Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, and Lifetime Orientation Test-Revised. Due to the large number of psychological functioning measures, dimension reduction was undertaken via principal component analysis, resulting in a two-factor solution. Bivariate Pearson correlations were then computed between the two factor scores and each neurocognitive variable.Results:Factor 1 consisted of variables reflecting Positive Subjective Functioning. A higher score on Factor 1 (indicating higher self-rating of successful aging, fewer perceived cognitive failures, fewer reported depressive symptoms, less perceived stress/anxiety, more perceived emotional support, more satisfaction with life, more meaningfulness in life, and more search for meaning in life) was associated with better attention/working memory (r=0.226, p=0.049) and executive function (r=0.242, p=0.035). Factor 2 consisted of variables that reflected Positive Coping Skills. A higher score on Factor 2 (indicating more happiness, higher optimism, greater resilience, higher sense of personal mastery, more use of humor as a coping strategy, and greater coping self-efficacy) was associated with better performance on tests of language (r=0.325, p=0.004), learning (r=0.313, p=0.006) and delayed recall (r=0.241, p=0.035) of visual and verbal information, and better MoCA performance (r=0.440, p&lt;0.001). Neither factor was associated with processing speed.Conclusions:Higher levels of subjective functioning and positive outlook/coping skills were associated with better neuropsychological performance. Given that late life is a time of risk for cognitive decline, future research should consider the influence of positive psychological functioning on neurocognitive outcomes and vice versa, as these relationships may have neurobiological and therapeutic implications for overall function in later life.

Relationship Between Fatigue, Cognitive Functions, Depression, and Disability in Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Aim : Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive, and neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system. It frequently leads to symptoms such as disability, cognitive impairment, fatigue, and depression. This study aims to examine the relationship between fatigue, cognitive functions, depression, and disability among individuals with MS. Methods: Seventy-four MS patients were evaluated by using the Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (CFQ) battery. The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was used in determining the level of disability, whereas the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were utilized in measuring the levels of fatigue and depression, respectively. Results :Moderate positive correlations were found between EDSS and BDI (r1=0.342; p&amp;lt;0.001), between EDSS and FSS (r1=0.392; p&amp;lt;0.001), between CFQ and BDI (r1=0.451; p&amp;lt;0.001), between CFQ and FSS (r1=0.425; p&amp;lt;0.001), and between FSS and BDI (r1=0.424; p&amp;lt;0.001). Conclusion :The results achieved in this study indicate that fatigue and depression increase as disability increases among Multiple Sclerosis patients and cognitive impairment is associated with both depression and fatigue.

Anxiety related distractibility deficits: too much smartphone use is not such a smart call

ABSTRACT Smartphones can increase productivity and ease accessing information, however the possible negative implications for high smartphone use or problematic smartphone use (PSU) are not fully understood. The current study examined anxiety-linked memory and attention deficits to determine whether PSU moderates these relationships. Cross-sectional data from 506 young adults aged 18–29 years (68% female) were analysed in separate regression models to investigate whether PSU (Mobile Phone Problem Use scale) moderated the relationship between state and trait anxiety (State-Cognitive and Trait-Cognitive subscales of State Trait Inventory for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety) and everyday memory and attentional failures (the False Triggering, Forgetfulness and Distractibility subscales of the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire). Our results showed that PSU moderated the combined influence of state and trait anxiety for distractibility, such that those who reported higher PSU and higher trait anxiety reported greater errors of distractibility during higher, but not lower state anxiety. However, our predictions for false triggering and forgetfulness were not supported; the only significant finding was a trend for higher trait anxiety to be related to increased failures of false triggering and forgetfulness. Real-world implications of findings are discussed.

Effects of co-sleeping with a shift worker on sleep, mood and cognition

ObjectiveAlthough the negative effects of shift work on workers' sleep and mood are well-known, the effects of shift work on their sleep partners' sleep and mood have rarely been investigated. The current study explored the effects of co-sleeping with a shift worker (SW) on the partner's subjective sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, depressive symptoms, and cognitive disturbances. MethodsOnline sleep and work-environment self-report questionnaires (e.g., including the presence of co-sleepers, work schedules of the co-sleepers, and their work schedules) were administered. The questionnaires also included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ), and the short-term Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D). Participants consisted of co-sleepers of SWs (n = 657), co-sleepers of non-SWs (n = 2186), and solo sleepers (n = 2432). ResultsSignificant between-group differences in the PSQI, ESS, CFQ, and CES-D were observed after controlling for age, gender, work shift, and parenting (p < 0.001). Co-sleepers of SWs showed higher PSQI, ESS, CFQ, and CES-D scores than co-sleepers of non-SWs and solo sleepers. Solo sleepers reported significantly higher PSQI and CES-D scores than co-sleepers of non-SWs. The PSQI, ESS, CFQ, and CES-D scores were significantly correlated in all groups. The association between the ESS and PSQI was stronger in co-sleepers of SWs than in solo sleepers. The association between the ESS and CES-D was stronger in co-sleepers of SWs than in solo sleepers. ConclusionsCo-sleeping with SWs is associated with poor sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, depressive symptoms, and cognitive disturbances in the partner.

A - 169 Efficacy, Retention and Predictors of Response to Treatment of Group Based Remotely Delivered Goal Management Training for Acquired Brain Injury.

Given the gap in group-based, remotely delivered executive interventions, and the ubiquitousness of executive impairment in acquired brain injury (ABI), we examined: (1) pre-to-post-to-follow-up efficacy of remotely-delivered, group-based Goal Management Training (GMT; a metacognitive, executive intervention) in individuals with neurological disorders in the chronic stages of illness (2) predictors of response to treatment. Participants and Protocol. N = 160 adults with ABI >6months post-diagnosis, participated in this single-group study at the Telerehab Centre for ABI @KITE, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada. GMT - which enhances self-awareness, task engagement and task follow-through - was delivered remotely and in group format to allow scalability, peer-to-peer support, cost-effectiveness, and geographical reach. Primary outcomes. Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ); Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX). Predictors of response to treatment. Demographics (age, education); time since injury; and symptom burden (i.e., cognitive, somatic, and emotional). Linear mixed effects models measured efficacy and predictors of change. Significant pre/post and pre/follow-up improvements on the CFQ total and "forget", "false", and "distract" subscales (95% CI; p = 0.000 all comparisons). Significant pre/post improvements observed for the DEX (95% CI; p = 0.000), but not significant retention. No effects of age, education or time since injury found, indicating generalizability. High symptom burden negatively associated with pre/post and pre/ follow-up improvements on CFQ. Encouragingly, this group-based, remotely delivered GMT offers promise of efficacy and retention regardless of age, time since injury or educational attainment of patients, and can reach patients regardless of geographic location. Lower response with heavy symptom burden suggests collateral treatment of symptoms may improve treatment response.

A - 83 Associations between Subjective and Objective Cognition, Depression, and Quality of Life in Men Living with HIV.

In people living with HIV, subjective cognitive dysfunction is widely reported; however, few studies have examined the relationship between subjective cognitive functioning and performance-based measures of cognitive functioning, mood, and quality of life (QoL). Men living with HIV (MLWH) (n = 51, mean age = 54years, 67% Black) completed measures of subjective cognitive functioning (Cognitive Failures Questionnaire; CFQ), objective cognitive performance (HVLT-R, TMT, UFOV, WRAT-3 Reading), health-related QoL (Medical Outcomes Short-Form; SF-36), mood (CES-D), and overall QoL (Control, Autonomy, Self-Realization, and Pleasure Quality of Life Scale; CASP-19). Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses were conducted to examine significant associations between variables. Alpha was set at 0.01 for all analyses. The CFQ was not significantly correlated with performance on objective cognitive tests. However, significant associations were found between the CFQ and self-reported depression severity (CES-D; r = 0.655, p < 0.001), quality of life (CASP-19; r = -0.642, p < 0.001), and multiple subscales of the SF-36 (all p's < 0.003). Of note, correlations between the CFQ with SF-36 scales and CASP-19 were no longer significant after controlling for depressive symptoms. Consistent with prior work, we found that subjective cognitive functioning may inadequately capture the full range of a person's cognitive functioning status. We extend these findings to a sample of MLWH and further clarify the possible influence that depressive symptoms have on subjective cognitive functioning and self-reported QoL measures. Future studies with larger samples and a more comprehensive neuropsychological battery will be helpful in understanding the full nature of these relationships.