Cognitive-behavioral Perspective Research Articles

MATH ANXIETY

Mathematics anxiety has been the subject of growing academic interest, as it can significantly impact academic performance and individuals’ relationship with mathematical content throughout their lives. This narrative review aims to understand the conceptual evolution, causes and possible interventions associated with mathematics anxiety. Using a bibliographic methodology, articles, books and reports published in renowned academic databases were analyzed. As the main theoretical framework, the cognitive-behavioral perspective was adopted, which understands mathematical anxiety as a result of interactions between cognitive, behavioral and environmental processes. The results point to a multifaceted understanding of the phenomenon, highlighting not only individual factors, such as self-efficacy and past experiences, but also external factors, such as teaching methods and teachers’ attitudes. Interventions aimed at reducing mathematics anxiety have focused on both pedagogical strategies and psychotherapeutic approaches, demonstrating the need for an interdisciplinary approach to tackle the problem. This work contributes to the literature by consolidating dispersed knowledge and indicating future paths for educational research and practice.

Creating a Space to Feel: An Integrative Therapy Approach with an Adolescent Diagnosed with Dissociative Motor Disorder

The dissociative motor disorder is one of the most commonly diagnosed forms of dissociative disorder in the Indian population, especially among adolescents. However, there is a dearth of literature on effective psychotherapy practices in the Indian setting. This article details the unique process of employing an integrative psychotherapy approach with a 16-year-old adolescent girl diagnosed with dissociative motor disorder who presented with complaints of headache, deviation of mouth, multiple somatic complaints, inability to move her legs, episodes of loss of consciousness with jerking of upper limbs and a non-pervasive low mood. A detailed evaluation highlighted significant disruptions in attachment with caregivers, complicated grief, significant anger towards her family which did not find a space for expression, unhealthy coping mechanisms in the background of a slow-to-warm-up temperament and sociocultural stressors. The case formulation drew elements from the psychodynamic perspective, family systems approach, biosocial theory and the cognitive behavioural perspective. The intervention from the first session until termination is delineated in different phases which outline the significant themes that emerged along with the techniques used, challenges faced and therapist reflections. The role of the therapeutic alliance, working through transference, systemic work, primary and secondary gains and the importance of defences along with the aftermath of losing them becomes especially salient as the psychotherapy progresses in this case. The implications of the therapy process that can hold relevance to the management of dissociation disorder in the clinical setting are also discussed.

THE SYNTHESIS OF SPIRITUAL COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING AND MODIFYING HUMAN BEHAVIOR

This research aims to describe how the spiritual cognitive behavioral approach to understanding and modifying human behavior, to establish a good personality as an agentic person in social life, explain a relationship between spiritual perspective, cognitive behavioral perspective, and agentic aspects in social system, and synthesize a spiritual cognitive behavior technique (SCoBeT) as an approach to shape a personality and human behavior. Data was obtained using the critical analysis systematic literature review (SLR) method and it was gathered that Tazkiyatun An Nafs as a spiritual perspective with the concept of Takhalli, Tahalli and Tajalli and cognitive behavioral with the Agentic Aspects such Intentionality, Forethought, Self Reactiveness, Self Reflectiveness this aspects was extracted to be a new technique in order to shape a human personality and human behavior such emotional impuls, cognitive and behaving. The result of this study shows that spiritual and cognitive behavioral has a connection in conceptual and implementation perspective ways in theoretically and practically, and also has a relationship with shaping personality tendency and behavior in considering an action in social life. Moreover, in response to contemporary issues, spiritual cognitive behavior technique as an approach is synthesized and developed as a counseling technique in education and career manner.

Putting things right: An experimental investigation of memory biases related to symmetry, ordering and arranging behaviour

Background and objectivesResearch indicates the presence of both explicit and implicit memory biases for threat. However, empirical support for the presence of memory biases related to symmetry, ordering and arranging is lacking, despite the fact that many individuals report anxiety associated with their personal belongings being out of place. The aim of this experiment was to examine memory biases for disorderliness and their associations with symmetry, ordering and arranging symptoms. MethodsEighty undergraduate participants were assigned to one of four conditions, consisting of rooms in which objects were arranged according to different levels of disorderliness (orderly, slightly disorderly, slightly orderly, and disorderly). Participants next completed a memory task in which their memory for disordered vs. ordered objects was assessed. Measures of OCD symptoms, preference for symmetry, OCD belief domains, anxiety and depression were completed. ResultsAnalyses indicated that participants in the slightly disorderly condition showed significantly better recall and recognition for the disordered items than for the ordered items, and that those in the slightly orderly condition showed the same pattern in recall, but not recognition. No associations were found between a preference for symmetry and memory biases. LimitationsThe sample scored particularly low on our measure of symptoms of preference for symmetry, compromising the generalizability of our results. ConclusionsFindings provide evidence for a general memory bias for disorderliness, although this bias does not appear to be associated with symmetry, ordering and arranging symptoms. Results are discussed from a cognitive-behavioural perspective with the consideration of feelings of incompleteness.

Awe: A Systematic Review within a Cognitive Behavioural Framework and Proposed Cognitive Behavioural Model of Awe

AbstractAwe is considered a transformational and multifaceted emotion. Vastness is the core cognitive appraisal associated with awe, which activates a need for cognitive accommodation. Increasingly, studies are evaluating awe’s dimensions including triggers, cognitive and emotional characteristics, and primarily beneficial outcomes. Additionally, numerous emotions have been conceptualised within a cognitive behavioural framework and cognitive behavioural models may be utilised to promote positive human qualities and experiences. Therefore, this paper outlines the results of a systematic review of the literature on awe from a cognitive behavioural perspective to propose a cognitive behavioural model. Databases searched included Psych Net, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCO, SAGE, JSTOR, Springer LINK, Taylor and Francis, and Wiley with the inclusion of peer reviewed articles. A total of 57 studies were identified. Triggers of awe were primarily related to nature and cognitive processes centred on vastness and the need for accommodation. A range of outcomes associated with awe were identified including increased well-being, spiritual growth, and pro-environmental intent. The key findings from this review informed a cognitive behavioural model of awe. Such a cognitive behavioural model may inform the cultivation of awe for individual, community, or environmental well-being and experience design. Future research is required to validate the proposed model, proposed pathways, and utility.

Language anxiety and learner silence in the classroom from a cognitive-behavioral perspective

AbstractLanguage anxiety plays a key role in language learners’ silent behaviors in class (King, 2013). Given its public nature and emphasis on interaction within it, the classroom context plays a significant role in the production of language anxiety. Anxious people are more likely to negatively appraise situations, affecting their behavior. That is, it is not just the subject content that causes anxiety, it is also the cognitive processes that occur from being in the classroom environment (Clark & Wells, 1995; Horwitz et al., 2010). King (2014) found that anxious language learners’ thoughts often contain feared predictions about the social costs of speaking in the classroom and worries about how peers might negatively evaluate performance. These fears about external factors contribute to learners becoming inhibited and using silence to avoid the discomfort of speaking. Also, while anxious learners tend to have content-specific concerns, for example, making mistakes, self-focused thoughts are often intensified by contextual factors, such as interacting with peers (Gregersen & Horwitz, 2002). This article looks at the relationship between language anxiety and silent behavior from a cognitive-behavioral perspective, emphasizing how the dynamic interplay between an individual learner and the classroom context can result in even the most motivated and proficient learners missing opportunities to develop their language skills through target-language interaction.

Intervenções de enfermagem para o autoconceito da pessoa com doença mental: revisão integrativa da literatura

Background: Self-Concept is a broad, multidimensional, and multifaceted construct, with increasing relevance in the field of Mental Health. Its components include: self-esteem, identity, role performance, and body image. In the Person with mental illness, one of the components may be altered, affecting Self-Concept. Aim: Identify, analyze, and synthesize the Mental Health Nursing interventions for the Self-Concept of the Person with a mental disorder. Materials and Methods: Integrative review of the literature. Research at EBSCO, CINAHL complete, and MEDLINE complete databases, in June 2021, with descriptors and Boolean operators: Mental disorder AND Self-Concept AND Psychiatric nursing. Included studies between January 2011 and January 2021, Portuguese or English language, People with mental illness, between 13-64 years, that addressed Mental Health Nursing interventions which enhance Self-Concept’s improvement, in any setting of Nursing Care. From an initial sample of 648 articles, a final sample of 2 articles was obtained. Results: Quantitative, observational, prospective longitudinal articles. Nursing interventions were directed to the self-esteem of the Person with mental illness, in a group intervention and recovery context. None of the studies addresses Self-Concept in all its dimensions, revealing a significant improvement in self-esteem after the intervention programs. Conclusion: The specialized Mental Health Nursing interventions identified and synthesized in this integrative literature review, for the dimensions of self-esteem and self-image, are: psychoeducation, cognitive restructuring, and behavioral techniques, based on a cognitive-behavioral perspective.

Testing a model of resilience for women leaders: a strengths based approach

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the indirect processes through which cognitive, emotional and behavioural assets function to explain resilience amongst women leaders in higher education institutions. Method A quantitative cross-sectional survey design with a sample of N = 255 women leaders from higher education institutions was employed. Results All the proposed indirect pathways were found to be statistically significant and explained a fair proportion of the variance in the resilience scores of women leaders. Results revealed that cognitive assets (self-efficacy and mindfulness) were associated with resilience through association with emotional assets (positive affect and self-regulation) and behavioural assets (problem-solving skills and authentic functioning), both individually and in serial. Conclusions This study offers support for the direct and indirect relationships between mindfulness, self-efficacy, self-regulation, positive affect, authentic functioning, problem solving skills and resilience. It further generates new insights into the indirect processes through which cognitive, emotional and behavioural domains of influence may explain resilience amongst women leaders. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Women leaders remain underrepresented in higher education institutions when compared to their male counterparts. Women leaders who possess higher levels of resilience are more likely to overcome the numerous barriers women face in higher education institutions when compared women leaders with lower levels of resilience. There is an established direct relationship between personal strengths such as self-efficacy, self-regulation and problem-solving ability and resilience. What this topic adds: By investigating the proposed indirect pathways and the interaction between cognitive, emotional and behavioural assets, this study offers a more nuanced approach to understanding the processes that lead to resilience. Using the cognitive-behavioural perspective of psychology as the theoretical framework to support the hypotheses proposed, this study expands the application of the cognitive behavioural model to explain resilience in the work context. This study offers support for a newly proposed model of cognitive, emotional and behavioural domains of influence on resilience.

Implementation of a Treatment Program for Individuals Imprisoned for Sex Offenses in Uruguay: Achievements, Problems and Challenges.

Treatment for individuals convicted of sex offenses has substantially improved in developed countries in recent decades, providing practitioners with an extensive literature to guide the implementation of effective programs to reduce sexual reoffending. Nevertheless, sexual offending rehabilitation is still in its infancy in Latin American countries such as Uruguay, so little is known about the transference and implementation of evidence-based programs. The current study examines the strengths, barriers, and challenges of implementing a sex offenses treatment program in Uruguay. The findings suggest some achievements of the program, but also several problems with implementation. Some problems are universal among different countries (e.g., scarce resources and facilities, insufficiently trained staff, and unexpected changes in the organization), but others were particularly relevant in the Uruguayan context (e.g., government policy alien to a rehabilitation approach, lack of appropriate prison facilities, lack of training for therapists from a cognitive-behavioral perspective). All these difficulties must be anticipated and solved for successful generalizability of rehabilitation programs to different correctional systems.

An Evidence-Based Approach for Treating Stress and Trauma due to Racism

Racism can be stressful or even traumatizing. Psychological unwellness emerges out of the confluence of historical, cultural, and individual experiences, and resulting syndromes may or may not fit into a DSM-5 PTSD diagnostic framework. Although racial stress and trauma are common presentations in therapy, few therapists have the resources or training to treat these issues. Based on the empirical evidence to date, this article describes the essential components of treatment for racial stress and trauma from a cognitive-behavioral perspective, called the Healing Racial Trauma protocol. Each technique is described with reference to the literature supporting its use for racial stress and trauma, along with guidance for how therapists might implement the method with clients. Also provided is information about sequencing techniques for optimal outcomes. Critical therapist prerequisites for engaging in this work are also discussed, with an emphasis on an anti-racist, empathy-centered approach throughout.

Technology-Mediated Sexual Interactions, Social Anxiety, and Sexual Wellbeing: A Scoping Review.

Technology-mediated sexual interactions (TMSI) are interpersonal exchanges via technology of self-created sexual material, including photos, videos, and auditory or text messages. There is little research on the factors that predict both TMSI experiences and their sexual wellbeing outcomes. Social anxiety is anxiety experienced in response to social or performance situations. From a cognitive–behavioural perspective, people higher in social anxiety may avoid TMSI, preventing positive or negative consequences. They also may use TMSI to avoid the anxiety caused by in-person sexual interactions, benefiting from access to sexual interactions while perpetuating anxiety about them. The purpose of this scoping review was to explore the role of social anxiety in TMSI and its sexual wellbeing outcomes. We executed a comprehensive search strategy across eight academic databases and searched reference lists of included articles. We included 19 articles written in English or French that had a human sample and were published between 1991 and 2021 and evaluated connections between social anxiety constructs (e.g., shyness, anxiety) and TMSI-related experiences (e.g., sexting, internet sex addiction). The pattern of results suggested that social anxiety constructs may predict some but not all forms of TMSI. Future research from a cognitive–behavioural perspective will expand knowledge on social anxiety, TMSI, and its sexual wellbeing outcomes.

Social Workers’ Use of Theories and Methods in Practice: Identifying What Informs Social Work Practice in New York City

ABSTRACT This study examined social workers’ perceived use of theories and methods in practice through a questionnaire completed by social workers in New York City (N=105) followed by individual interviews (N=20). Social workers received approximately one to six courses on theory in their education that moderately influenced their current practice. The most commonly used theories in practice included Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Strengths Perspective, and Trauma-Informed Care. Social workers either applied theory to practice in an intentional and systematic way or indicated their “practice was not that intentional.” Social work education was reported to provide a breadth but not depth of knowledge on theory. Recommendations for social work education to strengthen the link between theory and practice are provided.

Understanding the adoption of mobile social payment: from the cognitive behavioural perspective

Understanding the adoption of mobile social payment: from the cognitive behavioural perspective

Understanding the adoption of mobile social paymentFrom the cognitive behavioral perspective

Understanding the adoption of mobile social paymentFrom the cognitive behavioral perspective

Well, That Was Awkward: When Clients Develop Romantic Feelings for Therapists

Clients can develop feelings of romantic or sexual attraction to their therapists. From a cognitive-behavioral perspective, how should therapists handle these situations? Although the topic of client attraction is comprehensively covered in the psychoanalytic and psychodynamic literature, it is woefully neglected in our cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) focused training programs and literature. This paper aims to address this gap by using CBT principles to provide explanations for why clients develop feelings of attraction to their therapists. In addition, this paper offers general guidelines for how to manage client attraction from a CBT perspective. Three case vignettes are used to illustrate those concepts. Recommendations for future research and training in this area are also provided.

The dynamic perspective versus the cognitive-behavioral perspective in counselling

Dynamic psychotherapy originates in psychoanalysis, from which it borrows a series of theories and principles of understanding the mind and its functioning, but using a series of specific techniques and procedures that involve a face-to-face approach between the psychotherapist and the client. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy based on identifying and modifying destructive or disruptive thought patterns that have a negative influence on behavior and emotions. This article aims to determine, starting from the characteristics of each of these two types of therapy, what are the common and divergent aspects between the two forms of psychotherapy.

The Role of Motivation and Desire in Explaining Students’ VR Games Addiction: A Cognitive-Behavioral Perspective

Virtual Reality games create an interactive platform for gaming and education for young people. While some longitudinal study has studied the beneficial effects of VR games on learning, the problematic use of VR games by a significant number of learners has become increasingly serious. The current study investigated the mediating effect of behavioral desire and moderation of cyber aggression on consumers’ VAD, which contributes to behavioral and psychological urge to use VR games. Data are from 367 VR games users collected. Findings suggest that behavioral desire influences addictive behavior in the presence of a positive flow experience. Furthermore, theoretical and practical implications in the context of VR-based games are also discussed in this current research.

The role of personality traits on mode of delivery

Purpose The aim of this study is to understand the motives behind CS requests in nulliparous women in their late pregnancy better and to investigate if specific personality traits affect the maternal decision on mode of delivery. Material and Method This prospective study was conducted with 70 healthy, nulliparous parturient with singleton pregnancies. Women at their 28–32. weeks of gestation were asked to fill a socio-demographic data form and the questionnaires; Personality Belief Questionnaire – Short Form (PBQ-SF) and The Childbirth Attitudes Questionnaire (CAQ). After delivery, all the results of pre-filled questionnaires and women’s mode of delivery were analyzed and compared. Results There were significant differences in personality types; dependent (p = 0.033), passive-aggressive (p = 0.031), obsessive-compulsive (p = 0.001), antisocial (p = 0.014), narcissistic (p = 0.014) and borderline (p = 0.014) between vaginal delivery and CS groups. The CAQ scores of the mothers who requested CS were significantly higher (p:0.007). Weak but significant positive relation was found between total CAQ scores and avoidant (p = 0.022), dependent (p = 0.034), passive-aggressive (p = 0.040), narcissistic (p = 0,006), schizoid (p = 0.007), paranoid (p = 0.007) and borderline (p = 0.007) personality types. Conclusion This is the first study that investigates the relationship between mode of delivery and personality traits according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and cognitive behavioral perspective in the literature. These personality traits can be carried at a level that is not clinically significant to create an obvious pathology, yet they might play a role as the motives behind the apparent reasons for women who request CS. Understanding women’s motives and attitudes for childbirth during their pregnancy may help healthcare providers to tailor women’s approach to childbirth to avoid unnecessary CS.

El Trastorno por Estrés Postraumático desde una mirada cognitivo conductual.

Introducción: La violencia en aumento que se vive en México y las numerosas pérdidas ocasionadas por la actual pandemia de COVID-19 han propiciado el aumento de pacientes con estrés postraumático.
 Objetivo: Conocer las características del Trastorno por Estrés Postraumático desde una perspectiva cognitivo conductual y sintetizar información sobre las técnicas de intervención eficaces para la psicoterapia de estos pacientes.
 Métodos: Se revisaron los estudios de intervención y teóricos realizados en España e Hispanoamérica en el periodo 2006-2020 en las bases de datos Medline, Lilacs y Scopus y en los buscadores Pubmed y Scholar google. Las palabras clave que se usaron en español e inglés fueron “trastorno por estrés postraumático, técnicas cognitivo conductuales en el trastorno por estrés postraumático, distorsiones cognitivas en el trastorno por estrés postraumático, intervención cognitivo conductual en trastorno por estrés postraumático”.
 Resultados: Se hizo una revisión sintetizada del TEPT desde la perspectiva cognitivo conductual con énfasis en las técnicas cognitivo-conductuales que han resultado útiles en el tratamiento de estos pacientes.
 Conclusión: El uso de técnicas cognitivas y conductuales en el tratamiento del Trastorno por Estrés Postraumático favorece la disminución de pensamientos disfuncionales asociados al trauma y conductas desadaptativas. Estas técnicas han demostrado ser eficaces en el tratamiento de pacientes con estrés postraumático.
 
 
 

Cognitive behavioral perspectives on self-talk techniques used for sports performance

Cognitive behavioral perspectives on self-talk techniques used for sports performance