Cognitive Apprenticeship Learning Research Articles

Digital Twins-Based Cognitive Apprenticeship Model in Smart Agriculture

Applying digital technologies in education has been proven to have several positive impacts on teaching and learning. Digital twins have the potential to revolutionize education by offering immersive and interactive learning experiences. They can simulate virtual environments, enabling students to conduct experiments, practice techniques, and observe outcomes in a safe and cost-effective setting, particularly when access to physical laboratories is limited or expensive. This work proposes a learning management model that applies cognitive apprenticeship learning theory as a framework for learning digital twins to enhance the programming of a smart agriculture system and computational thinking skills. The model consists of three parts: input, learning process, and output with feedback. The input phase includes setting learning objectives, analyzing learners, determining learning content, planning learning activities, and utilizing a digital twin virtual laboratory space for experimenting in the development of a smart agriculture system. The learning process involves engaging students in programming and problem-solving tasks by offering expert guidance and support in computationally solving problems. The achievement of learning outcomes and practices is included in the output and feedback sections. After evaluation, five experts in this subject agreed that the learning management model was at the most appropriate level.

Investigating the role of clinical exposure on motivational self-regulation skills in medical students based on cognitive apprenticeship model

BackgroundThe importance of motivation regulation in medical students is highly significant due to their unique educational circumstances, such as clinical exposure. However, the role of clinical exposure in learning motivational self-regulation skills in students has not been explored thus far. This current study aims to investigate the role of clinical exposure on motivational self-regulation skills in medical students based on cognitive apprenticeship model.MethodThis study was descriptive-analytical research conducted in 2022 on medical students. Data collection involved two questionnaires including Meta motivational Strategies in Medical Students Questionnaire and Maastricht Clinical Teaching Questionnaire. The research comprised two stages including measuring motivational self-regulation strategies in students before entering the clinical exposure phase, and simultaneous measurement of clinical exposure based on the student’s viewpoint and their motivational self-regulation strategies at the end of the first term of clinical exposure.ResultsThe results revealed a significant relationship between six dimensions of the cognitive apprenticeship model, including modeling, coaching, scaffolding, reflection, exploration, and learning environment, with motivational self-regulation strategies. However, there was no significant relationship between the articulation dimension of the cognitive apprenticeship model and motivational self-regulation strategies.ConclusionClinical exposure indirectly enhances students’ metacognitive skills. Observing the behavior of clinical faculty in the clinical exposure setting leads to the improvement of motivational self-regulation strategies in medical students.

A Sensitivity Analysis for Roles Selection in Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision Making

The process of retaining leadership succession at higher education institutions (HEI) is crucial since it has entailed the process of selecting the ideal candidate. The goal is to guide universities toward maintaining organizations' excellence in their academic leadership and management (ALM) positions. Due to the lack of established standards for assessing the competency of possible successors at their home institutions, many ALM of Malaysia HEIs is difficult to identify the proper replacement for their posts. This study aims to propose a multi-criteria tacit knowledge acquisition framework (MC-TKAF) for supporting talent development intervention programs in Malaysia HEIs. It will be based on cognitive apprenticeship, socialization, and informal learning theory which is mostly used in acquiring knowledge from expertise to overcome talent bottlenecks among novices. Fuzzy Delphi will be used as the primary methodology in this study to gather agreement regarding the appropriate indicator to measure tacit knowledge competency among ALMs at Malaysian HEIs. There are three phases: Phase 1 involves analysing the current tacit knowledge acquisition (TKA) and identifying the appropriate parameters to build the intended framework. Phase 2 involves using the results of Phase 1 to create a new framework of tacit knowledge acquisition (TKAF) that is appropriate for the HEI environment. Phase 3's final objective is to assess the viability of the Talent Development Intervention Program's (TDIP) Tacit Knowledge Acquisition Framework (TKAF) utilizing the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach. This paper's goal is to offer the hybrid MCDM approach as a talent performance indicator for the multi-criteria tacit acquisition framework. The final Phase 3 of the study design will essentially be the subject of this paper. The built-in indicators in this document may be utilized as a guide for the HEI sectors to create talent performance metrics that are appropriate for each TKA applied.

Cognitive apprenticeship in vocational students mathematical decision making skills

Exploring the decision-making abilities of undergraduate students, including students from vocational education backgrounds, is the main priority in the achievement of mathematics learning in general and in Calculus courses particularly. Decision-making processes require cognitive guidance through activities describing in detail the systematic steps of each process. It is implicitly said as part of a cognitive apprenticeship procedure. There are claims that students with a vocational education background can develop their academic and practical potential more through a cognitive apprenticeship model. In addition, using video as visual media learning allows students to sharpen their skills. Therefore, the study aims to explore the distinction in achievement and improvement of mathematical decision-making skills between undergraduate students who learn with a Video-assisted Cognitive Apprenticeship approach (CAV), and they are who receive Cognitive Apprenticeship learning (CA) with conventional learning. A quantitative study with the Static-Group Pretest-Posttest Design was employed as a methodology in the research. Based on the research stage, there are differences in achievement and improvement of student decision-making skills with a review of the type of vocational school between undergraduate students.

인지적 도제학습 기반 미디어 리터러시 교육 연구

The purpose of this study is to conduct media literacy education based on the theory of cognitive apprenticeship and to find out the educational effects. This study presupposes that media literacy education is necessary in Korean language education. Media literacy education through the cognitive apprenticeship learning method is expected to have high educational effects. First, classes for media literacy education were organized and tasks were set. And media literacy education was implemented. Media literacy education was conducted for two years, and a total of 102 learners participated in the experiment. Classes were conducted based on the educational content set in this study. As a result of the learner’s pre-post verification, it was confirmed that there is an educational effect in ‘learner’s vocabulary use ability’, ‘reading comprehension ability’, ‘confidence in writing’, and ‘efficacy in writing’. The satisfaction of the learners was high, and the educational effect was confirmed in the learning testimonials.

The Effects of Cognitive Apprenticeship and Co-Regulated Learning on Improving Student Computer Problem-Solving Skills and Learning Motivation

This study makes use of online teaching in this environment and adopts it for use in a required computer skills course with Cognitive apprenticeship (CA) and Co-regulated learning (CRL) teaching methods to improve students’ computer skills, learning motivation, and experience of online learning. The subjects of this study are first-year students of a non-information-related department at a private university in northern Taiwan. A total of four classes comprising 111 students participated in the research. The CRL and CA group (C1, n=24) concurrently received CRL and CA treatments; the non-CRL and CA group (C2, n=25) received only the CA teaching method, and the CRL and non-CA group (C3, n=40) only the teaching method of CRL. The non-CRL and non-CA group (C4, n=22) served as the control group. The results show that the use of CA can significantly improve students’ computer skills; however, the expected effects of CRL were not found in this study.

Designing an Artificial Agent for Cognitive Apprenticeship Learning of Elevator Pitch in Virtual Reality

Developing social skills like elevator pitch requires being situated within authentic activities and contexts, which is difficult to achieve on a daily basis. In this work, we explore whether an artificial agent with embodied feedback in virtual reality (VR) can foster a situated learning experience. Previous works on computer-mediated feedback have shown that VR can foster oral presentation competence for preuniversity and junior undergraduates through delivering feedback. However, it is unclear how well the learning experiences are and how well students perceive an artificial coach in VR, especially for senior undergraduates and postgraduates seeking job and research opportunities. To inform the design of such a system, we conducted interviews with experts and observed real elevator pitches. We then designed a proof-of-concept VR coaching system with three embodied feedback strategies: immediate, after-action, and the combination of both. Through a between-subject experiment with 40 participants, we studied learners’ perceptions under the embodied feedback. We found that receiving embodied feedback can create a stronger sense of cognitive apprenticeship, i.e., coaching and helping from experts, and help improve the perception of the artificial agent and the effect of learning. We further investigated the pros and cons of different strategies and discussed room for improvement.

Some Learning Theories for Medical Educators.

Perspectives on the nature of learning influence decisions about curriculum design, teaching and learning strategies, and assessment of students. Current literature on medical education suggests that medical teachers have much interest in using theories to inform their practice. This article describes the following learning theories that have been discussed to various degrees in previous literature on medical education: cognitivism, constructivism, experiential learning, adult learning, self-directed learning, community of practice and situated learning, cognitive apprenticeship, and reflective learning. Each theory is explained in sufficient detail to help readers grasp its essence. Then, medical education literature is cited to show how the theory has been used or can be used to guide practice in medical education. Finally, this article analyzes the problem-based learning approach as an example to illustrate how the theories may be reflected in practice. Throughout the introduction of the various theories, this article aims at their application in medical education and attempts to draw connections among the theories rather than represent them as unrelated or competing ideas.

Designing and Implementing a Novel Virtual Rounds Curriculum for Medical Students' Internal Medicine Clerkship During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

IntroductionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, third-year medical students were temporarily unable to participate in onsite clinical activities. We identified the curricular components of an internal medicine (IM) clerkship that would be compromised if students learned solely from online didactics, case studies, and simulations (i.e., prerounding, oral presentations, diagnostic reasoning, and medical management discussions). Using these guiding principles, we created a virtual rounds (VR) curriculum to provide IM clerkship students with clinical exposure during a virtual learning period.MethodsHeld three times a week for 2 weeks, VR consisted of three curricular components. First, clerkship students prerounded on an assigned hospitalized patient by remotely accessing the electronic health record and calling into hospital rounds. Second, each student prepared an oral presentation on their assigned patient. Third, using videoconferencing, students delivered these oral presentations to telemedicine VR small groups consisting of three to four students and three tele-instructors. Tele-instructors then provided feedback on oral presentations and taught clinical concepts. We assessed the effectiveness of VR by anonymously surveying students and tele-instructors.ResultsTwenty-nine students and 34 volunteer tele-instructors participated in VR over four blocks. A majority of students felt VR improved their prerounding abilities (86%), oral presentation abilities (93%), and clinical reasoning skills (62%). All students found small group to be useful.DiscussionVR allowed students to practice rounding skills in a supportive team-based setting. The lessons learned from its implementation could facilitate education during future pandemics and could also supplement in-person clerkship education.

Review of Related literature on Problem-based Learning and Cognitive Apprenticeship for Instruction in Agriculture as Vocational Education

Problem-based learning (PBL) is a student-centered, enabling approach for fostering student’s collaboration, self-directed learning, and critical reasoning skills. This paper discussed the previous literature on how components of problem-based learning (PBL) integrates Cognitive apprenticeship (CA) learning principle, considering Scaffolding could benefit vocational learning in the field of Agriculture. These are elements employed to expose students to real-world problem solving, critical thinking skills as well as effective knowledge transfer through active engagement. Results indicate that undertaking on the role of a more specialist as an instructor can take a dynamic role in the problem-based learning strategy, providing the necessary resources to build learners who could address ill-structured problems to use the application of real-life experience and specialist-level strategies to address the cognitive task. This complex skill that cannot be acquired through the traditional teaching, but rather skills that are acquired through the scaffolding of progressive and more stimulating learning opportunities, through guidance and routine exercise, collaborative, and self-reflection. Solving real-world problems entails active collaboration and exploiting the potentials of technologies available for us, and thus instructors need to be contentedas facilitators of a learning situation that is often a complex and challenging environment. Thus, it is established that the PBL and Scaffolding have the potentials to enhance student's critical thinking skills but with a careful structure of authentic learning situations.

Cognitive Apprenticeship Learning Approach in K-8 Writing Instruction: A Case Study

This article explains a mixed methods study utilizing multiple cases in which answers to the question of how cognitive learning theory can influence instruction that maintains the central role that teachers have in the classroom, responding to students’ learning needs as they work on authentic tasks. The researcher investigated the responses of teachers to training around a model of instruction incorporating cognitive learning theory. What emerged from the inquiry was a model of instruction based on cognitive apprenticeship titled Cognitive Apprenticeship Learning Approach (CALA). This paper outlines the analysis of CALA based on the fidelity of teachers implementing carefully constructed instruction to apprentice students in writing based on teacher observations and data on student writing after attending targeted professional development. The data were collected from a group of 132 classroom teachers spanning the grades of transitional kindergarten through eighth grade. One consistent finding is that instruction based on a lesson design that focuses on cognitive apprenticeship increases students’ ability to write in the early grades. The cross-case analysis revealed that teachers wanted to collaborate with peers or a coach so that it would be easier to write the lessons, and they would know which lessons were stronger than others. The analysis also revealed that teachers felt the CALA training increased their ability to teach writing and that their students’ writing had improved overall.

Development of Multi Criteria Tacit Knowledge Acquisition Framework (MC-TKAF) to Support Talent Development Intervention Program in A Malaysian Comprehensive University

In Higher Education Institutions (HEI), the process of retaining leadership succession is critical since it has involved the process in choosing the right person. The purpose is to steer the institutions to sustain organizations’ excellence for academic leadership and management (ALM) position. Many ALM of Malaysia HEIs are struggling to find the right successor to replace their roles as they do not have yet any firm criteria in evaluating the competence among their potential successors in their home institutions. This study aims to propose a multi criteria tacit knowledge acquisition framework (MC-TKAF) for supporting talent development intervention program in Malaysia HEIs. It will be based on cognitive apprenticeship, socialization and informal learning theory which mostly used in acquiring knowledge from expertise to overcome talent bottleneck among novice. The main process of this study will use Fuzzy Delphi among ALM in Malaysian HEIsto get consensus judgement about the right indicator to evaluate tacit knowledge competence. Three phases involved are: Phase 1 is to analyze the existing Tacit Knowledge Acquisition (TKA) by finding the suitable parameters to construct intended framework, Phase 2 is to use the findings in Phase 1 in order to develop a new framework of Tacit Knowledge Acquisition Framework (TKAF) that suits with HEI environment. Finally, Phase 3 is to evaluate the practicality of Tacit Knowledge Acquisition Framework (TKAF) by using Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach in supporting Talent Development Intervention Program. The objective of this paper is to propose the multi criteria tacit acquisition framework by using MCDM technique as a talent performance indicator. This paper basically will focus on Phase 1 of the research design. The constructed indicators in this paper could be served as a reference for the HEI industries to establish applicable talent performance indicators according to the properties of each TKA used.

인지적 도제학습을 통한 태권도지도자의 교육철학 탐색

본 연구는 국내 생활체육현장에서 태권도를 통해 수련생을 지도하고 있는 현장의 지도자들을 대상으로 그들이 인식하고 있는 교육철학을 인지적 도제학습을 근거로 하여 탐색하기 위해서 진행되었다. 연구의 방법은 심층면담의 방법을 사용하였으며, 참여자들이 수련상황에서 인식하고 있는 교육철학 사례를 통해서 들어보고 심도 있는 접근을 통해 인지적 도제학습의 가능성과 문제점을 중점화 하기위한 탐색연구였다. 또한 본 연구에서 인지적 도제학습의 기준을 설정하기 위하여 Collins, Brown & Newman등이 제시한 6가지 인지적 학습모형을 기반으로 하였으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다. 첫째, 교육철학 속에 당연함으로 정착되어 있는 도제교육의 인식, 둘째, 도제식 교육에서 인지적 도제로 변화되는 교육철학, 셋째, 인지적 도제학습을 통한 미래 지도자의 교육철학, 이와 같은 결과를 기반으로 현장지도자들이 인식하고 있는 교육철학에 대해서 꾸준하고 다양한 접근이 수행되어야 함을 발견하였으며, 아울러 현장지도자들을 요구하고 있는 연속성 있는 재교육 또한 더 체계적으로 구성될 수 있도록 바탕이 마련되어야 할 것임을 본 연구를 통해 확인하였다.

An innovative academic-practice partnership to enhance the development and training of military nurses.

Academic-practice partnerships have been identified by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing as a best practice for advancing the profession of nursing in a collaborative manner by sharing goals, knowledge, and respect in a mutually beneficial line of effort. Training military nurses poses a unique challenge to academia and military nurse corps to produce competent nursing professionals who are also effective military officers. The academic-practice partnership between the United States Army Cadet Command's ROTC program and the University of San Francisco's School of Nursing is a prime example of such a partnership. Through the innovative month-long nurse summer training internship program, Army nursing students work one-on-one with an experienced Army nurse preceptor to receive an intense clinical experience with a minimum of 150 h of hands-on patient care in a military medical treatment facility. This example of cognitive apprenticeship learning provides an adjunct to nursing program curricula in addition to an introduction of the roles and responsibilities of a military officer. This academic-practice partnership helps develop a strong group of novice nurses who are confident leaders and critical thinkers that easily make the transition from academia to professional practice.

A DESIGN FRAMEWORK FOR ELECTRONIC COGNITIVE APPRENTICESHIP

This paper proposes a design framework for constructing a groupware-based learning environment (GBLE) that enables electronic cognitive apprenticeship. The central theme of this framework is that any design of a GBLE must have learning theories as foundations to substantiate the learning effectiveness of this environment. The proposed framework applies the principles of cognitive apprenticeship and case-based learning in designing a learning environment using groupware technology. In this framework, the practice of case-based learning is grounded in cognitive apprenticeship. The theory base of cognitive apprenticeship provides not only more coherent guidance but also opportunities to fine-tune the pedagogy of case-based learning. Groupware tools provide needed functions to enable instructional methods of cognitive apprenticeship. This technological support also facilitates the learning process of learners and thus enhances the effectiveness of case-based learning. Based on this framework, a system titled “Using Notes for a Case-based Learning Environment” (UNCLE) was created to demonstrate the framework's utility.

Students’ Mental Models of Acid and Base Concepts Taught Using Cognitive Apprenticeship Learning Model

A mental model is a student's perception or description of a concept. Chemistry learning requires deep understanding including three levels of representation; macroscopic, sub-microscopic, and symbolic. These three levels of representation are interconnected to form a meaningful understanding and students' mental model. The purpose of this study was to look at the mental models of students on acid and base topic taught using cognitive apprenticeship learning model. This research employed explanatory sequential mix method with 65 research subjects. The research instrument was in the form of a description test of acid-base concepts and an interview guideline for the students’ answers on the test. The results showed that students had good mental models (63.64%) on acid and base taught using cognitive apprenticeship learning model.

Developing Guided Worksheet for Cognitive Apprenticeship Approach in teaching Formal Definition of The Limit of A Function

This study aims to develop student worksheets that correspond to the Cognitive Apprenticeship learning approach. The main subject in this student worksheet is Functions and Limits with the branch of the main subject is Continuity and Limits of Functions. There are two indicators of the achievement of this learning that are intended to be developed in the student worksheet (1) the student can explain the concept of limit by using the formal definition of limit and (2) the student can evaluate the value of limit of a function using epsilon and delta. The type of research used is development research that refers to the development of Plomp products. The research flow starts from literature review, observation, interviews, work sheet design, expert validity test, and limited trial on first-year students in academic year 2016-2017 in Universitas Serang Raya, STKIP Pelita Pratama Al-Azhar Serang, and Universitas Mathla’ul Anwar Pandeglang. Based on the product development result obtained the student worksheets that correspond to the Cognitive Apprenticeship learning approach are valid and reliable.

Effect of Internet-Based Cognitive Apprenticeship Model (i-CAM) on Statistics Learning among Postgraduate Students.

Because students’ ability to use statistics, which is mathematical in nature, is one of the concerns of educators, embedding within an e-learning system the pedagogical characteristics of learning is ‘value added’ because it facilitates the conventional method of learning mathematics. Many researchers emphasize the effectiveness of cognitive apprenticeship in learning and problem solving in the workplace. In a cognitive apprenticeship learning model, skills are learned within a community of practitioners through observation of modelling and then practice plus coaching. This study utilized an internet-based Cognitive Apprenticeship Model (i-CAM) in three phases and evaluated its effectiveness for improving statistics problem-solving performance among postgraduate students. The results showed that, when compared to the conventional mathematics learning model, the i-CAM could significantly promote students’ problem-solving performance at the end of each phase. In addition, the combination of the differences in students' test scores were considered to be statistically significant after controlling for the pre-test scores. The findings conveyed in this paper confirmed the considerable value of i-CAM in the improvement of statistics learning for non-specialized postgraduate students.

Critical listening assessment in undergraduate music technology programmes

Abstract This article explores the general lack of specific course sequencing that measures critical listening skills designed for undergraduate students in music technology, commercial production and vocationally focused degree programmes. Although traditional music performance and education curricula prescribe a sequential examination of history, theory, keyboarding and aural skills, a comprehensive set of standardized listening competencies focused on preparing students for the realities of working in the commercial music, audio and media fields do not exist. This article envisions a balanced collaboration between industry expertise and peer institutional review to conceive a new rubric for evaluating critical listening in undergraduate music technology programmes that meets accreditation standards while preparing graduates for entry-level employment in media-centred fields. This article explores the potential collaboration of audio industry professionals and organizations with educational institutions to create a set of competencies that are workforce-specific, but suitable for academic purposes. This article explores such collaborations through cognitive apprenticeship and multisensory learning.

On the Design of an Advanced Web-Based System for Supporting Thesis Research Process and Knowledge Sharing

Recently many universities have adopted web-based systems to manage the supervision and administration of postgraduate programs. The existing web-based systems mainly focus on monitoring the thesis management process rather than on supporting thesis research itself. This study aims on designing an advanced web-based system to support the Master’s degree thesis research process and the knowledge sharing. Master’s degree. This study firstly identifies the main steps of the thesis research process. It then presents an instructional model based on the analysis of practical thesis research workflow and relevant instructional approaches, such as problem-based learning, cognitive apprenticeship learning and collaborative learning. Based on this instructional model and the relevant literature, six principles were adopted to develop an advanced web-based system for the supporting thesis research process. This system includes three key modules: research process, research group and knowledge sharing. A preliminary evaluation of the system was conducted and the results showed that the system is effective to support the thesis research by providing multi-supervision in the research process. Moreover, a literature resources database plays an important role in knowledge sharing.