Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles Research Articles

Enhanced electrochemical activity of boron doped cobalt oxide nanoparticles towards supercapacitor application

Doping via metal/nonmetal/metalloid dopants in to the crystal structural surface of cobalt oxide nanoparticles are promising for creating electroactive supercapacitors with excellent electrochemical performance. Herein, we fabricate boron doped cobalt oxide nanoparticles (B@Co3O4) via a facile co-precipitation route for supercapacitor applications. The incorporation of boron into cobalt oxide nanoparticles (3M B@Co3O4) brings a ∼4.2-fold increase in a specific surface area (548.126 m2g-1), decrease in band gap energy and reduced in crystalline size. Consequently, the B doped Co3O4 NPs displays a maximum specific capacitance of 998.12 F/g, which is ∼1.50-fold increased as compared to 668.79 F/g of the pristine Co3O4 NPs at current density 1.5mA/cm2 and scan rate 2mV/s in 1M KOH electrolyte solution. Moreover, 3M B@Co3O4 NPs demonstrates excellent power density 711.14W/kg and high energy density 195.96Wh/kg Wh/kg. Hence, we believe that boron doped cobalt oxide nanoparticles are a promising electroactive material for the supercapacitive applications.

Fabrication of novel chitosan decorated reduced graphene oxide/cobalt oxide hybrid nanocomposite electrode material for supercapacitor applications

Supercapacitors are considered efficient electrochemical energy storage devices due to their high-power density, long cycling stability, and quick charge–discharge rates. Despite exhibiting high power density and cycling stability, the electrode materials are toxic and non-degradable, continuously affecting the environment. Biopolymers are a suitable alternative to conventional electrode materials since they possess interesting properties such as unique structure, biodegradability, abundant availability, and efficient interaction with other materials. This study aims to synthesize chitosan (CS) based nanocomposites, namely CS-rGO, CS-Co3O4, and CS-rGO-Co3O4 hybrid nanocomposites by an effective simple strategy method. XRD results show well-intensified peaks confirming the formation of nanocomposites. SEM and HR-TEM analysis indicates the cobalt oxide nanoparticles diffused in the sheet-like structure of CS-rGO which is evident for the porous nature of the CS-rGO-Co3O4 hybrid nanocomposite. A novel CS-rGO-Co3O4 hybrid nanocomposite showed surpassing electrochemical performance compared to other synthesized binary composites. The hybrid composite exhibited a high specific capacitance of 361.31 Fg−1 with an electroactive surface area of 136.880 m2g−1. In GCD, the hybrid composite demonstrates a 70 % capacitance retention and 99 % Coulombic efficiency after 10,000 cycles. An asymmetric hybrid supercapacitor is assembled using CS-rGO-Co3O4 nanocomposite as an anode and activated carbon as a cathode. The assembled AHS device delivers a high specific capacitance of 75.7 Fg−1 at 0.5 Ag−1. The energy density of the CS-rGO-Co3O4 hybrid nanocomposite is 23.6 WhKg−1 and the power density is 734.15 WKg−1. Hence, our research provides valuable insights for developing high-performance supercapacitor electrodes.

Multifunctional hybrid films made from CoT3OTx4 and CoFeT2OT4 nanoparticles inside a poly 3-hydroxybutyrate matrix and study of their impact in methyl orange photodegradation.

This work aims to produce hybrid materials with potential applications in dye photodegradation. Therefore, hybrid films were obtained by incorporating cobalt (II, III) oxide (Co3O4) or cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles (NPs) with 18 ± 1.6 nm and 26 ± 1.3 nm, respectively, into a poly 3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB) polymeric matrix. The Co3O4@P3HB and CoFe2O4@P3HB hybrid films were fabricated by solvent casting in a ratio of 85 mg to 15 mg (P3HB-NPs). Different spectroscopic and microscopy techniques characterized the Co3O4 and CoFe2O4 NPs and the P3HB, Co3O4@P3HB and CoFe2O4@P3HB films. The optical band gap for Co3O4 and CoFe2O4 NPs was estimated from their diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) around 2.5 eV. X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the hybrid films revealed that the nanometric sizes of the Co3O4 and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles incorporated into the P3HB are preserved. The magnetic hysteresis curve of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles and CoFe2O4@P3HB film showed a ferromagnetic behaviour at 300 K. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the formation of nanocrystals, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provided evidence for the successful incorporation of the NPs into the P3HB matrix. The surface roughness and hydrophilicity of the hybrid films are increased compared to the P3HB film. The impact of the nanoparticles and the hybrid films on the photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) in its acidic form was studied. The photodegradation tests were carried out by direct sunlight exposure. The CoFe2O4@P3HB hybrid film achieved 85% photodegradation efficiency of a methyl orange solution of 20 ppm after 15 minutes of exposure to sunlight. After 30 minutes of exposure to sunlight, the nanoparticles and the hybrid films reached about 90% of the MO degradation. The results suggest that combining nanoparticles with the polymer significantly enhances photodegradation compared to isolated nanoparticles.

Synthesis and Local Characterization of CoO Nanoparticles in Distinct Phases: Unveiling Polymorphic Structures.

The advancement of functional nanomaterials has become a major focus of recent research, driven by the exceptional properties these materials display compared to their macroscopic (bulk) counterparts. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles (CoO-NPs) stand out primarily for their catalytic and magnetic properties, which can enable a range of technological applications, such as advanced catalysts, drug delivery systems, implants, prosthetics, sensors. However, in addition to the dependence on factors such as size, morphology, and functionalization, the properties of CoO-NPs are significantly influenced by the crystal structure. Therefore, local investigation into the polymorphic structures of CoO at the nanometric scale may provide new insights into the local structural and magnetic characteristics of these systems. In this report, we address the synthesis and local characterization of cobalt oxide (CoO) nanoparticles in the rock-salt cubic fcc-CoO and Wurtzite hpc-CoO phases, obtained through thermal decomposition. We analyze the influence of oleylamine and oleic acid ligands on the structural and morphological control of these systems. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized using conventional techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Local characterization was carried out by the perturbed angular correlation (PAC) nuclear technique using the radioactive tracer 111In(111Cd). Measurements were conducted at 295 and 10 K to investigate possible magnetic phase transitions in these systems. XRD results confirmed the formation of fcc-CoO and hcp-CoO phases. The phase fcc was obtained with the pair of oleylamine and oleic acid ligands, while the phase hcp phase was synthesized using only oleylamine. Additionally, nanoparticles synthesized with oleylamine and oleic acid exhibited better morphological control compared to those produced with only oleylamine. Raman spectroscopy analyses suggest a phase transformation process resulting in Co3O4. PAC results for hyperfine interactions at the 111In(111Cd) probe nucleus, indicate that the hcp-CoO phase shows smaller hyperfine magnetic interactions (B hf = 1 T) compared to the fcc-CoO phase (B hf = 17 T). This suggests the mechanism of superexchange interactions, which are strongly influenced by the Co-O-Co bond angle, which is 110° for the hpc-CoO phase and 180° for the fcc-CoO phase due to the geometries of the systems.

Biosynthesis of cobalt oxide nanoparticles and their cytotoxicity against cancer cells mouse colon adenocarcinoma cell line

The application of plant extracts for the biosynthesis of cobalt oxide nanoparticles is eco-friendly, more economical, less toxic, and more biocompatible. In this study, we used Rose hip extract to synthesize cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4 NPs). The biosynthesized cobalt oxide nanoparticles were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The PXRD and FTIR analyses confirmed the successful synthesis and the characteristic bands of Co3O4 NPs, respectively. The FESEM image showed that the Co3O4 NPs were approximately spherical morphology with a mean size of 90.77 ± 32.35 nm. The EDX analysis showed the elemental composition contains carbon in the formulation of Co3O4 NPs. The results showed that the plant extracts can be used to synthesiz cobalt oxide nanoparticles with good quality at nanoscale sizes. The as-prepared Co3O4 NPs exhibited excellent cell toxicity properties against mouse colon adenocarcinoma cells, indicating that biosynthesized cobalt oxide nanoparticles have potential applications in cancer and nanomedicine.

Synthesis of Au/Co3O4/PVA hybrid nanocomposites via eco-friendly method based on pulsed laser ablation process for water treatment

A portable nanostructured nanocomposite film, based on cobalt oxide and gold nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in a polyvinyl alcohol structure (PVA), Au/Co3O4/PVA, was prepared via a novel way based on pulsed laser ablation to be applied as an effective catalytic degradation material for a hazardous chemical structure as nitro compounds. Au/Co3O4/PVA was investigated by the techniques of UV–Vis, FT-IR, SEM, and XRD. From XRD, the decrease in crystallinity of PVA is attributed to the intermolecular hydrogen bonding between PVA and Au/Co3O4. In addition, there are five interplanar peaks, with three shared peaks by both phases and one unique peak for each phase of Au and Co3O4. From FT-IR, the modes observed at a 500–1200 cm-1 wavenumber range correspond to the stretching vibration modes of Au/Co3O4. From UV–VIS, as the embedding of Co3O4 on Au-PVA structure increases, the energy band gap is shifted to a lower value. This is due to the embedding of Co3O4 NPs. From SEM, in the case of embedding PVA with Au NPs, the bright semi-spherical shape of the nanostructured materials has a bright semi-spherical light area. Moreover, in the case of the embedded PVA with Co3O4 NPs, the faint semi-spherical form of the nanostructured materials is discernible. Besides, the catalytic activity performance is tested for the degradation of 4-nitrophenol, which reveales that the reaction followed first-order kinetics, as indicated by linear regression analysis. The results shows that the sample completely convertes 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol within 6 min.

Green synthesis of cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4NPs): Characterization and green light-driven photocatalytic aerobic oxidation of alkyl and aryl sulfides to the corresponding sulfoxides

In recent years, cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4NPs) have garnered significant attention due to their unique properties and wide range of applications, particularly in catalysis and environmental remediation. This study focuses on the green synthesis of Co3O4NPs using garlic extract as a bio-reducing and stabilizing agent, marking the first instance of employing this eco-friendly and cost-effective method. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using various techniques including SEM, EDX, FTIR, XRD, UV–Vis DRS, and BET analysis, revealing their spherical morphology, elemental composition, surface area, and optical properties. The primary application investigated was the photocatalytic aerobic oxidation of alkyl and aryl sulfides to sulfoxides under visible green light irradiation. The study meticulously optimized the reaction conditions, evaluating the effects of different solvents, light sources, and catalyst dosages. The optimal conditions were found to be a MeCN:H2O (5:1) solvent system, green LED light (535 nm), and 10 mg of Co3O4NPs catalyst with the highest TON of 12.5. Under these conditions, the catalyst demonstrated high efficiency, achieving up to 95% yield of sulfoxides with various substrates. Furthermore, the reusability of the Co3O4NPs was assessed through multiple catalytic cycles, showing excellent stability and consistent performance. Mechanistic studies indicated that the photocatalytic activity involves the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion radicals (O2.-) and singlet oxygen (1O2), with both holes and electrons playing crucial roles in the oxidation process. This research highlights the potential of green synthesized Co3O4NPs as effective and sustainable photocatalysts for selective oxidation reactions, offering a promising approach for environmentally benign chemical processes. The findings pave the way for further exploration of bio-derived catalysts in various industrial applications, promoting greener and more sustainable practices in chemical synthesis.

Effect of Ce-Doping on the Structural, Morphological, and Electrochemical Features of Co3O4 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Solution Combustion Method for Battery-Type Supercapacitors

This study investigates the potential of cerium (Ce) doping to improve the performance of cobalt oxide (Co₃O₄) nanoparticles as battery-type supercapacitor electrodes. Pure Co₃O₄ nanoparticles were synthesized via a solution combustion method and then doped with 2.5% (Ce-Co3O4) and 5% Ce (CeO2-Co3O4). Comprehensive characterization, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), was used to analyze the impact of Ce doping on the material properties. XRD analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of Ce into the Co₃O₄ structure, with distinct CeO2 phases forming at higher doping levels. Ce doping resulted in decreased crystallite size and peak intensity, indicating reduced crystallinity and increased defect concentration. Raman spectroscopy corroborated these findings, showing a redshift that suggests weakened metal-oxygen bonds and smaller grain sizes due to Ce³⁺ incorporation. FESEM images demonstrated that Ce doping effectively reduced nanoparticle agglomeration, with 2.5% doping leading to smaller particles and 5% doping promoting a 2D flake-like morphology with increased porosity. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements revealed a significant increase in surface area and pore volume for CeO2-Co₃O₄, facilitating improved electrolyte diffusion and reduced resistance, thereby enhancing electrochemical performance. Evaluation of the electrochemical properties of undoped and Ce-doped Co₃O₄ materials revealed a battery-like response in a three-electrode configuration. Notably, the CeO2-Co3O4 exhibited a superior specific capacity of 603.3 C g-1 at a current density of 1 A g-1, significantly exceeding the values of 368.5 C g-1 and 127.1 C g-1 achieved by Ce-Co3O4 and undoped Co3O4, respectively. Furthermore, the CeO2-doped Co3O4 demonstrated exceptional cyclic stability, retaining 87% of its initial capacity after undergoing 5000 charge-discharge cycles at a high current density of 10 A g-1. These results suggest that Ce doping is a promising strategy for optimizing Co₃O₄-based battery-type electrode materials, potentially leading to the development of high-performance and cost-effective energy storage systems.

Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles and Cobalt Oxide/MWCNTs as a Binary Nanocomposite

Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles and Cobalt Oxide/MWCNTs as a Binary Nanocomposite

Evaluation of physiochemical and in-vitro characteristics of Ixora Coccinea mediated Co3O4 nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of toxic textile dye effluents

Discharging colored wastewater from the textile industry into water bodies disrupts the natural ecosystem and reduces the productivity of aquatic life. It is challenging to degrade complex dye molecules, including pathogens and bacteria. This research article deals with the photocatalytic activity of cobalt oxide nanoparticles mediated Ixora coccinea plant extract for industry effluent treatment applications. The green synthesized nanoparticles were found to have high crystallinity and purity, cubic crystal structure, and spherical morphology with 21.5 nm crystallite size. Further, the biological properties, such as antibacterial, antioxidant, and bacterial growth inhibition activity, were evaluated. With 88 % and 83 % bacterial growth inhibition, the antibacterial activity showed a maximum bacterial zone inhibition of 31 ± 0.4 mm for positive and 29 ± 0.3 mm for harmful bacterial strains. Then, the level of scavenging free radicals measured about 93.87 %. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated against the textile dyes under direct sunlight irradiation. The maximum dye degradation was achieved for Alizarin red (85.2 %), Crystal violet (90.7 %), Reactive black (94.5 %), and Rhodamine B (96.4 %) dyes at the end of 90 min of irradiation. Moreover, this research paper introduces a method for creating cobalt nanoparticles using natural and sustainable approaches. These nanoparticles have potential in several fields, such as medicine, catalysis, and water remediation.

Antiviral Effects of Silver, Copper Oxide, Cerium Oxide, and Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles and Silver and Copper Sheets Against COVID‐19

Antiviral Effects of Silver, Copper Oxide, Cerium Oxide, and Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles and Silver and Copper Sheets Against COVID‐19

Unveiling the diverse bioactivity of cobalt oxide nanoparticles produced through carboxymethyl cellulose extraction

This study explores an eco-friendly method for synthesizing Cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4NPs) using extracted carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The Co3O4NPs, characterized via various analyses, demonstrated a crystalline structure with sizes ranging from 10.9 to 28.2 nm. Microscopic imaging confirmed a uniform spherical morphology with an average diameter of 27.2 nm. The biological activities of Co3O4NPs were investigated extensively, highlighting their superior antibacterial efficacy compared to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. These nanoparticles exhibited potent antioxidant properties and demonstrated safety for potential applications based on erythrocyte viability results. Additionally, Co3O4NPs displayed significant potency against Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells and showed promising α-amylase enzyme inhibitory activity, highlighting their multifunctional therapeutic potential as antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, and alpha-amylase inhibition assay.

Dual-capable spinel cobalt oxide nanoparticles for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution and water contaminant removal.

This study investigates the synthesis and electrocatalytic performance of cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and their role in water treatment as contaminant removal agents. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles are recognized as promising materials in electrocatalysis due to their tunable properties and nanoscale engineering potential. Here, fine cobalt oxide nanoparticles are synthesized using the sol-gel method followed by various sintering temperatures to achieve precise control over surface morphology, size, and shape. Characterization via high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) elucidates the impact of sintering temperature on nanoparticle properties. Thin film electrodes of cobalt oxide are fabricated using the doctor blade method and evaluated using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Among the tested sintering temperatures, cobalt oxide electrodes sintered at 600°C exhibit superior catalytic activity, demonstrating an overpotential of 258mV (vs RHE) at 10mAcm-2 current density and a Tafel slope of 17.33mV dec-1. Furthermore, these electrodes demonstrate excellent stability, maintaining OER performance for 10h in 1M NaOH electrolyte. Additionally, the role of cobalt oxide nanoparticles in water treatment is explored using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Experimental results reveal that lower sintering temperatures enhance the electrocatalytic properties of cobalt oxide nanoparticles, highlighting their potential contribution to sustainable energy and water treatment technologies. This work underscores the significance of cobalt oxide nanoparticles as dual-functional materials for advancing electrocatalysis and water purification applications, thus paving the way for the development of efficient and environmentally friendly technologies.

Dose-Dependent Attenuation of the Efficacy of Clitoria ternatea by Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles Against Diabetes-Induced Cognitive Impairment.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder caused by insulin deficiency, insulin resistance, genetic alterations, and oxidative stress. The high glucose levels may impair the functioning of nerve cells, leading to neurodegenerative diseases, including cognitive impairment. Clitoria ternatea has various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective effects. The present study evaluates the efficacy of fresh flower aqueous extract of Clitoria ternatea against diabetes-induced cognitive impairment. The challenges in delivering drugs targeting the brain possess the limitations of crossing the blood-brain barrier. Metal nanoparticles are considered the most reliable brain drug delivery systems. Considering the neurotoxicity of cobalt oxide, whether it can be used to improve brain delivery is also evaluated. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4 NPs) of fresh flower aqueous extract of Clitoria ternatea are prepared by green synthesis and characterized. The effect of these nanoparticles is compared with Clitoria ternatea extract against Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced cognitive impairment. The behavioral, biochemical, in vivo antioxidant, total thiol content, estimation of proinflammatory cytokines, acetylcholine esterase, and nitrite levels in the brain of STZ-induced diabetic rats revealed that cobalt oxide nanoparticles showed neurotoxicity, whereas C. ternatea showed neuroprotective effect and also improved the cognitive function. The lower dose of cobalt oxide nanoparticles of C. ternatea (2mg/kg) exhibited a neuroprotective and cognition improvement effect. However, the higher dose (4mg/kg) of cobalt oxide nanoparticles of C. ternatea showed a neurotoxic effect. Since Co3O4 NPs are neuroprotective at low doses, they can be used for neuroprotective actions. However, dose optimization studies are required.

Kinetic investigation of aschalcha heavy oil oxidation in the presence of cobalt biocatalysts during in-situ combustion

The catalytic effect of cobalt tall oil and cobalt sunflower oil catalysts on the oxidation kinetics of heavy crude oil was investigated in this study. Comprehensive kinetic analyses, employing differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and kinetic modeling techniques, revealed that the presence of these catalysts significantly influenced the oxidation behavior of heavy oil. The catalysts exhibited pronounced shifts in the DSC and TG curves towards lower temperatures, indicating facilitated initiation of oxidation reactions at lower onset temperatures. Quantitative kinetic parameters, including activation energies and frequency factors, were determined using the Friedman and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose analyses. The cobalt tall oil catalyst demonstrated superior performance, effectively lowering the activation energy barrier and increasing oxidation rates, particularly at higher conversion degrees. Catalyst characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, revealed the formation of highly crystalline cobalt oxide nanoparticles with optimal dispersion and size distribution, as well as the presence of favorable functional groups for surface interactions. The results elucidated the role of these catalysts in facilitating the oxidation process through the provision of active sites, altered reaction pathways, favorable steric environments, and efficient oxygen activation capabilities. These findings contribute to the development of efficient catalytic systems for heavy oil upgrading processes and offer insights for further optimization of catalyst properties to achieve desired oxidation kinetics behavior.

Synergistically enhanced photocatalytic properties of Co3O4-G/GO nanocomposites: unravelling their interactions and charge-transfer dynamics using XAS.

Metal oxide composites with graphene/graphene oxide have increasingly gained popularity in enhancing the photocatalytic degradation of several existing harmful dyes. Moreover, identifying the role of carbon networks and their interactions in composite formation would assist in the design and development of photocatalysts. In the present study, we investigated the role of carbon networks in improving photocatalytic properties. Electronic structure analysis of cobalt oxide-graphene (C2)/graphene oxide (C3) nanocomposites using XAS suggested possible charge transfer from cobalt oxide nanoparticles to the carbon network during composite formation. The photocatalytic degradation of C3 towards phenol dye (1×10-3M) was >50% and improved the degradation rate with k = 0.231 h-1.In the quest to understand the mechanism unfolding on its surface, in situ XAS under UV-visible irradiation was performed, which shed light on delayed excitonic recombination in the synthesized nanocomposites. This enabled hydroxy radicals (˙OH) to play a preeminent role in the cleavage of the phenol ring and its intermediaries. Based on these observations, a detailed mechanism for charge transfer occurring during nanocomposite formation and the mechanism involved in the enhanced photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposite photocatalyst towards phenol degradation under the influence of UV-visible irradiation are discussed.

Sustainable Development of Functionalized Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles with Effective Cu(II) Sorbent Properties

Sustainable Development of Functionalized Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles with Effective Cu(II) Sorbent Properties

Hollow Co3O4 nanoparticles on CNF with polydopamine assistance for enhanced supercapacitor electrodes

Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are increasingly recognized as viable cathode materials for pseudocapacitors, due to their substantial theoretical capacity, widespread availability, and environmental benignity. However, their practical application is hindered by significant volumetric expansion during reactions and their inherently limited electrical conductivity. The design of hollow nanoarchitectures, coupled with carbonaceous material integration, has emerged as a potent approach to surmount these limitations. Herein, we reported a stepwise synthesis method where Cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles, anchored onto carbon nanofibers (CNF) pre-modified with Polydopamine (PDA) known for its superior adhesion, were transformed into HCo3O4@C@CNF composite materials via a high-temperature annealing process. The mass ratio of Co3O4 to CNF was optimized, with a 3:1 ratio being identified as ideal. This optimized HCo3O4@C@CNF electrode exhibited outstanding electrochemical performance, attaining a significant specific capacitance of 2992 F g-1 at 3 A g-1 and maintaining a 91% capacitance retention rate following 8000 charge-discharge cycles. The CNF acted as an efficient conductive network, substantially enhancing the electrical conductance. Furthermore, the incorporation of PDA facilitated a more uniform dispersion and substantial loading of Co3O4, while the carbon shell, formed upon carbonization, effectively prevented the agglomeration of HCo3O4 nanoparticles, enhancing the overall stability and performance of the electrode. Therefore, the synthesized HCo3O4@C@CNF electrodes exhibit a viable approach for the preparation of electrode materials with high-performance.

Evaluation of antidiabetic potential of Co3O4 and TiO2 nanoparticles on alloxan-induced diabetic mice

The worldwide well-being distress recognized as diabetes mellitus is categorized by the unregulated breakdown of glucose and its linked effects. In this work, the possibility of cobalt oxide (Co3O4) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) created by hydrothermal methods for the prevention of diabetes in mice using alloxan injections is examined. The NPs were characterized via XRD, SEM, EDX, and UV-vis spectrophotometry. For assessing the effect of treatment genes of the liver such as Glucokinase (GK), Protein kinase B (AKT), and immune-response (IR) were expressed via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). In addition, histological inspection was carried out for the liver and spleen. Next, the anti-diabetic effect of the as-synthesized nanoparticles was examined. The trial, which assessed TiO2 and Co3O4 NPs' potential to prevent diabetes in mice given alloxan, was skillfully carried out. Together with Glucophage, TiO2 and Co3O4 NPs were shown to have higher levels of IR, GK, and AKT mRNA expression. As a consequence, the cells absorb glucose more readily. Since TiO2 and Co3O4 nanoparticles may have hypoglycemic effects, further study is necessary to fully appreciate their potential as a practical and affordable diabetic therapy option. Toxicology, biologic compatibility, and the dependability of artificial nano-formulations are examples of possible study subjects.

SUPPORTED COBALT OXIDE NANOPARTICLES: THE INFLUENCE OF MESOPOROUS MATERIALS AND THEIR ROLE IMETHYL PHENYL SULFIDE OXIDATION REACTIONS.

The effect of the support in the incorporation of cobalt oxide nanoparticles on mesoporous materials (SBA‐15) and mesoporous cellular foam (MCF) was investigated. The materials were characterized using various techniques. The XRD diffraction patterns showed that the porous structures remained after cobalt incorporation, while high‐angle XRD of the MCF showed CoO peaks, in contrast to Co‐SBA‐15 which exhibited Co3O4. This was confirmed by XPS technique. The SEM‐EDS and HRTEM‐STEM microscopy indicate a distribution of cobalt oxides uniform in the samples synthesized and the average size of the particles is 1.88 nm. H2‐TPR analysis highlighted the interaction between the support surfaces and the metal oxide (SMSI). It was observed that in the SBA‐15 structure, small clusters of cobalt oxide formed with a strong interaction with silica, leading to high reduction temperatures. The catalysts activity was characterized in oxidation reactions of Methyl Phenyl Sulfide and a correlation was observed between the characterization results and the enhanced selectivity and yield towards sulfone exhibited by Co‐MCF.