Coastal Society Research Articles

A micro-geoarchaeological look at adaptive and glocal socio-economic aspects: the case of Middle Bronze Age Tel Dor, Israel

Adaptative mechanisms used by coastal urban Middle Bronze Age (MBA) settlements in the southern Levant are regularly studied from the point of view of maritime connectivity. Here we look into the adaptive mechanisms of MBA Tel Dor by investigating the utilization of geogenic (rock, soil, sediment) resources for construction — materials used for wall foundations, mudbrick superstructure and wall plaster — and for pottery making. The composition and fabric of archaeological materials were compared to those of local natural sediments from two boreholes. The results show that stones for wall construction relied on the local kurkar, that red-coloured mudbricks were produced from local Carmel coast sediments, while beige-coloured mudbricks were produced by mixing local red sediments with non-coastal calcareous rock fragments, and that wall plaster was made of non-coastal geogenic marl. From a small pilot sample of pottery, six petrofabrics were identified, including the local Carmel coast, along with five other, distant, production centres. These characteristics suggest that while the site’s inhabitants utilized local resources, they were firmly interconnected with regional, ‘global’, Mediterranean networks, suggesting MBA Dor was a glocalized society, and that diversification of resources served as a promotor of resilience for this coastal society, allowing it to thrive for millennia.

Stochastic simulation of storm surge extremes along the contiguous United States coastlines using the max-stable process

Extreme sea levels impact coastal society, property, and the environment. Various mitigation measures are engineered to reduce these impacts, which require extreme event probabilities typically estimated site-by-site. The site-by-site estimates usually have high uncertainty, are conditionally independent, and do not provide estimates for ungauged locations. In contrast, the max-stable process explicitly incorporates the spatial dependence structure and produces more realistic event probabilities and spatial surfaces. We leverage the max-stable process to compute extreme event probabilities at gridded locations (gauged and ungauged) and derive their spatial surfaces along the contiguous United States coastlines by pooling annual maximum (AM) surges from selected long-record tide gauges. We also generate synthetic AM surges at the grid locations using the predicted distribution parameters and reordering them in the rank space to integrate the spatiotemporal variability. The results will support coastal planners, engineers, and stakeholders to make the most precise and confident decisions for coastal flood risk reduction.

Mengamati Perilaku Merokok Pada Masyarakat Batang Kilat, Kelurahan Sei Mati, Medan Labuhan Tahun 2023 N

Various This research was conducted aiming to determine the percentage of people who actively smoke and to prove how the behavior of coastal communities in Sei Mati Medan Labuhan Village regarding health. To achieve this goal, the researcher used a quantitative descriptive method, which is a research methodology by submitting questionnaires to informants or the public. This was done to calculate, describe, and present the community's figures regarding smoking behavior. The analysis technique used was interviews with questions that had been arranged in a questionnaire. The results showed that of the 30 samples taken from coastal communities, 60% of the respondents were active smokers, the majority of whom were 20 years old. Factors supporting the counseling strategy on public health in the Sei Mati Medan Labuhan Subdistrict are due to the high number of active smokers in coastal areas and are related to behavior drivers in the community itself.
 Keywords: Healthy behavior, Coastal Society, Cigarettes, Methods

Key lessons from new perspectives on Australian coastal management

Approaches to Australian coastal management are constantly changing yet continue to fall short in terms of social-ecological resilience. We provide a commentary on contemporary Australian coastal management issues and responses, informed by a selection of papers that were invited for a Special Issue of this journal following the Australian Coastal Society's 2021 national coastal conference. The selected papers were categorised into three groupings: 1) coastal governance; 2) coastal threats and adaptation; and 3) coastal processes. They were then analysed in the context of both the unique Australian federated approach to coastal management and the international literature on coastal management. A number of findings and themes emerge. First, the paper confirms previous findings on a lack of federal leadership in Australian coastal management and lack of action on recommendations from numerous national coastal inquiries. The paper concludes that: there has been a significant reduction of coastal expertise in the federal public service; there is a lack of a well-defined broad-based federal funding mechanism for coastal management; there is a need to incorporate a sediment compartment approach in both Australian coastal planning and climate adaptation strategies; a number of coastal management instruments at the State level appear not fit for purpose; and coastal adaptation faces conflicts in balancing property rights with public coastal amenity.

Prehistoric sea-salt manufacture as an adaptation strategy to coastal flooding in East China

Coastal societies are known to be vulnerable to sea-level rise. However, here we report the occurrence of salt manufacturing in the archaeological record of an island of East China that reveals an adaptation strategy by a prehistoric coastal society to sea-level rise through an interdisciplinary study of archaeology and stratigraphy. Archaeological findings and observations of marine microfossils and alkaline earth metals in sediment sequences, together with radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, reveal that the site was initially occupied at ca. 2900 BCE as an island village with multiple subsistence strategies including hunting, fishing, and stone-tool making associated with the formation of a freshwater dominated coastal plain. Seawater inundation induced by relative sea-level rise occurred at the site at ca. 2400 BCE when Neolithic people constructed elevated mounds and developed specialized sea-salt manufacture in the sheltered tidal flat environment on the island. Evidence from the foraminiferal assemblage suggests that salty soil was scraped from the surface of the adjacent tidal flats and waste material was dumped around the artificial mounds. Micro-structures of the foraminiferal fossils further indicate that these salty soils were air-dried before brine enrichment to produce high-quality salt. Such an economic shift from multiple subsistence into specialized sea-salt manufacture on the island stands in striking contrast to the contemporaneous abandonment of numerous Liangzhu settlements on the adjacent mainland due to coastal flooding. We suggest that prehistoric sea-salt manufacture on the East China coast signifies the resilience of coastal societies in facing the challenge of sea-level rise through exploitation of geographical advantages and marine resources.

Organisasi Masyarakat Sipil dalam Pembentukan Perda Zonasi Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau Kecil di Bangka Belitung

This article aimed to identify the involvement of civil society organizations in the process of local policy arrangement. This descriptive-qualitative research accounted for the analysis of WALHI Bangka Belitung participation in the process of the arrangement of Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2020 concerning Zoning Plans for Coastal Areas and Small Islands of the Bangka Belitung Archipelago Province in 2020-2040. The result suggested that WALHI Bangka Belitung are actively having their contribution in organizing the zoning regulation in the forms of a series of criticisms addressed to the government and parliament through the mass media. However, it is formally recognized as unsubstantial or merely procedural participation. The involvement of elements of civil society in this case is solely in order to get around the procedure for drafting participatory legislation. On the other hand, the result emphasizes the participation of WALHI Bangka Belitung possibly is supported by the availability of political structure opportunities. First, the policy emergence seemingly representing the state’s interest to exploit the sea through tin mining instead of accommodating fishermen or coastal society interests. Second, the requirement of democratic policy arrangement is guaranteed by the Constitution by means of the availability of participation occasion.

The Analysis of Coastal Society Vulnerabilities Against the Spread of Covid-19 in Surabaya Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

Coronavirus belongs to the ARI (Acute Respiratory Infection) disease, which has a high level of mortality risk. In 2019, this virus was transformed into Covid-19 with a rapid spread and a more massive impact. This disease has become a worldwide pandemic. Indonesia is a developing country and is included as one of the most densely populated countries affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, which has great potential to fail in overcoming this problem. Approximately 60% of Indonesia's population lives in coastal areas with low levels of welfare in almost all sectors of life such as social, economic, education, and health. This study aims to analyze the level of community vulnerability in the coastal area of Surabaya City by using the Analytical Hierarchy Process method. From the data taken by the survey, the results of the exposure of the Bulak Banteng Village area of Surabaya in the health, socio-cultural, economic, and general fields are 0.0469, 0.0871, 0.1809, and 0.3551, respectively. So the overall vulnerability is 0.67, which is included in the medium vulnerability criteria.

Mapping the multi-hazards risk index for coastal block of Sundarban, India using AHP and machine learning algorithms

Global climate change, climate extremes, and overuse of natural resources are all major contributors to the risk brought on by cyclones. In I West Bengal state of India, the Pathar Pratima Block frequently experiences a variety of risks that result in significant loss of life and livelihood. In order to govern coastal society, it is crucial to measure and map the multi-hazards risk status. To depict the multi-hazards vulnerability and risk status, no cutting-edge models are currently being applied. Predicting distinct physical vulnerabilities is possible using a variety of cutting-edge machine learning techniques. This study set out to precisely describe multi-hazard risk using powerful machine learning methods. This study involved the use of Analytic Hierarchical Analysis and two cutting-edge machine-learning algorithms - Random Forest and Artificial Neural Network, which are yet underutilized in this area. The multi-hazards risk was determined by taking into account six criteria. The southern and eastern regions of the research area are clearly identified by the multi-hazards risk maps as having high to extremely high hazards risk levels. Cyclonic hazards and embankment breaching are the main dominant factors among the multi-hazards. The machine learning approach is the most accurate model for mapping the multi-hazards risk where the ROC result of Random forest and artificial neural network is more than the conventional method AHP. Here RF is the most validated model than the other two. The effectiveness, root mean square error, true skill statistics, Friedman and Wilcoxon rank test, and area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic tests were used to evaluate the prediction capacity of newly constructed models. The RMSE values of 0.24 and 0.26, TSS values of 0.82 and 0.73, and AUC values of 88.20% and 89.10% as produced by RF and ANN models, respectively, were all excellent.

Dakwah Siber dan Pergeseran Religiusitas Masyarakat Kenjeran Surabaya

The emergence of high advanced communication and information technology has shifted the socio-religious traditions and values. This study attempts to describe the shifting of religious behaviour and values within the coastal society of Ken­je­ran, Surabaya City as the implications of new media inter­vention and the rise of cyber-based da'wah. Using a descriptive qualitative method, the results of the study show that the development of the internet and cyber da'wah has changed how Kenjeran community practices and comprehends religious values and rituals currently; first, there has been the frag­mentation within Kenjeran Muslim society's religious teachings and ideology down to the family level; second, there has been a degradation of sacred values in socio-religious activities; third, the way people studying religion tend to ignore the importance of sanad (chain of transmission), which is regarded not relevant with Islamic teachings or ethics.

POTRET BAHASA JAWA RAGAM KRAMA MASYARAKAT PESISIRAN KOTA SEMARANG

The research described the proficiency degree, selection of <em>krama </em>lexicon, and deviation of Javanese speech levels usage. The data is taken from <em>krama lugu</em> dan <em>krama inggil</em> that is gathered through structured and in-depth interviews. Sociolinguistics approach with the the utilization of both quantitative and qualitative method is used in analysis data. Quantitative analysis is used to measure krama lexicon’s proficiency degree. Meanwhile, qualitative analysis is utilized to reveal some factors that become the background of krama lexicon selection and deviation of speech levels usage in a polite utterance. The qualitative analyze employs method: <em>bagi unsur langsung</em> (BUL), permutation, and substitution. The result shows that the proficiency degree of <em>krama</em> lexicon of Semarang coastal society Javanese speaker’s is 38,1% (qualified as: less good). Another findings of the research is the lexicon krama’s deviation in Semarang coastal’s Javanese language utterance. The deviation is measured with the standard parameter of Javanese Language (prescriptive), such as: (1) the overlaps of Javanese language utterance, (2) self-<em>kramanisasi</em>, and (3) interference of Javanese language and Indonesian language. That deviations caused of an error in language inheritance, a low proficiency in lexicon <em>krama</em>, and the lack of comprehension of understanding Javanese speech levels usage.

Civilisation under Colonial Conditions: Development, Difference and Violence in Swahili Poems, 1888–1907

ABSTRACT For a global history of development, Swahili poems from the German colonial period are valuable sources as they help to question the diffusionist view of development discourses as colonial import. This article analyses how concepts of development (maendeleo) and civilisation (ustaarabu) figured in poems written by Swahili authors between 1888 and 1907. Going beyond a reading of these texts as pro- or anti-colonial, it shows the importance poets attached to urban infrastructural improvement. Poems were also informed by the self-image of the superior, urban, Muslim strata of coastal society (waungwana) in contrast to inferior non-Muslim inland societies (washenzi). Several poets suggested that inland societies should be disciplined, yet differences to coastal Swahili society were usually not couched in terms of temporality nor in terms of a civilising mission. Poets had to come to terms, however, with new power relations as a result of German conquest. While some authors openly criticised colonial violence, others also embraced colonial interventions in infrastructural and economic aspects – but still expressed nostalgia for the past. In sum, the poems constitute a transitional space in Swahili discourses on development, showing that these were not merely colonial imports but grew from multiple roots.

Coastal studies and society: The tipping point

Coastal studies and society: The tipping point

Legal regulation on protecting marine environment from sea sand mining impact: a case study of spermonde archipelago

The dilemma between development interest, economical gain and preserving the marine environment from the implication of sea sand mining activity has been primarily discussed in the last decade. In essence, the sea sand mining which jeopardizes the marine environment occurs due to sand dredging activity which contributes to abrasion, removal of corals and marine habitat that plays an important role to the continuity of the majority of fishermen activity in coastal society through observing from several previous sea sand mining cases, including the current situation in Spermonde archipelago. This article is purposed to analyze legal regulation in protecting marine environment from sea sand mining in relation to the current situation in Spermonde archipelago. It applies normative legal research and uses a study case approach. The result shows that the existence of the loopholes in legal regulation on protecting marine environment from sea sand mining is still prominent. Thus, the coastal society in Spermonde archipelago has been negatively impacted by the sea sand mining activity. Pertaining plausible legal effort on such sea sand mining activity, local community are able to file a strict liability lawsuit to the concession permit owner.

Research progress and prospect of coastal flood disaster risk assessment against global climate change

The sea level rise under global climate change and coastal floods caused by extreme sea levels due to the high tide levels and storm surges have huge impacts on coastal society, economy, and natural environment. It has drawn great attention from global scientific researchers. This study examines the definitions and elements of coastal flooding in the general and narrow senses, and mainly focuses on the components of coastal flooding in the narrow sense. Based on the natural disaster system theory, the review systematically summarizes the progress of coastal flood research in China, and then discusses existing problems in present studies and provide future research directions with regard to this issue. It is proposed that future studies need to strengthen research on adapting to climate change in coastal areas, including studies on the risk of multi- hazards and uncertainties of hazard impacts under climate change, risk assessment of key exposure (critical infrastructure) in coastal hotspots, and cost-benefit analysis of adaptation and mitigation measures in coastal areas. Efforts to improve the resilience of coastal areas under climate change should be given more attention. The research community also should establish the mechanism of data sharing among disciplines to meet the needs of future risk assessments, so that coastal issues can be more comprehensively, systematically, and dynamically studied.

Study of Coastal Community Behavior Impacts on the Community Economy (Case Study in Jangkar Village, Jangkar District, Situbondo District)

The coastal area of Jangkar Village, Jangkar District is a transitional area between sea and land. The development of the coastal area of Jangkar Village often comes under pressure from various human activities and phenomena that occur on land and sea. This is illustrated in Jangkar Village, Jangkar District. Jangkar Village has a unique geographic location compared to other beaches, especially with the presence of a port that connects the waterway to Madura Island and fish auction sites, as well as cheap culinary stalls that attract tourists to visit. The economic condition of the people in Jangkar Village is currently experiencing almost no change due to the behavior of the people who only depend on sea products for their livelihoods. The purpose of this research is to examine the behavior of coastal communities that has an impact on the social and economic aspects of the community. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method that is carried out with a sociological approach, or in public administration research it is commonly called applied normative / empirical normative. The sample selection was carried out by purposive sampling with government informants and fishermen groups. The results showed that the behavior of coastal communities has an effect on economic conditions. This is also influenced by the low level of community education about the coastal area of Jangkar Village. The government should be able to work together with the community to improve the quality of education in the fishing village of Jangkar Village so that it has a positive impact on the economy of the people in the Jangkar village area.Keyword : Community Economy, Coastal Society, Behavior.

The analysis of consumption pattern of household the oil palm farmers in labuhanbatu regency

The aim of this research is to recognize the income variable, the economic activity, and the family size determination, also differences in the location of living against oil palm farmer consumption in Labuhanbatu Regency, Indonesia. The Method that used to analyze the data is Multiple Linear Regression model, specified in Least Square Dummy Variable (LSDV) method. The estimation result found that all of independent variable positive significantly influenced the food consumption. Otherwise, the negative one significantly influenced the non-food consumption outcome. The estimation result also found that the level of consumption for many kinds of urban food was fewer than hinterland society food consumption about Rp.1.248.000. However, the urban consumption more excessively than coastal area society about Rp.1.323.000. While the level of consumption outcome for many kinds of non-food urban consumption larger than non-food hinterland consumption about Rp.2.248.000. Also larger than non-food coastal society consumption about Rp.1.376.000. The variation of independent variable capability to explain the food consumption about 92,5 % and non-food consumption outcome about 87,4 %. The specification models were appropriated which the model free of multicollinearity and Heteroscedasticity classic assumption collision

The Influence of Javanese Culture on Hadhrami Community in Coastal Society of Semarang

From the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, Hadhrami immigrants had formed colonies in Semarang, the north coast of Java. They inhabited Arab areas such as Kampung Melayu and Kampung Kauman. In the 1970s to 1980s, due to ecological change and economic problems, some of them left these areas and moved to other areas in Semarang. It caused cultural encounters between Hadhrami and Javanese to become much more intensive. Through literature studies, observations, and interviews, this study aims to identify the influence of Javanese culture on the Hadhrami community in contemporary Semarang. In the process, cultural encounters emerged between hybrid generations which created hybrid cultures. It can be seen by language, fashion, and food. In this context, the hybridity is caused by the history and character of Semarang as a coastal society that is fluid and cosmopolitan.

Woman's Voice Speaks Out for Gender and The Environment in Gadis Pesisir

The life of women in Indonesia’s coastal areas tends to have limitations in accessing education. They are a minority group who often have to stay at home and do domestic work. The purpose of this paper is to explore the environmental issue, ecological, mixed with feminist criticism in Gadis Pesisir, a short story by Zainul Muttaqin. By defining the woman's minimum role in studying at the college and her desire to develop the coastal society, the author exposes the contrast between them, related to the coastal welfare and cultural conflicts between the gender relation and the spirit to advance the community. This research is a descriptive qualitative method that uses library research. Ecocriticism and feminist criticism are highlighting the interaction among literary text, nature, and women's voices. By raising this local issue, the writer described the women empowerment loss of patriarchy culture. This short story perpetuates the powerlessness of coastal women in fighting patriarchal culture, stigma, and the marine environment. They can only dream and wait for a miracle to change their destiny. It is contrary to women's rights which are fought for by feminists on the equality of women and men in accessing education, obtaining job opportunities, and careers in various fields.

SIKAP DAN KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL DALAM MENERIMA KEBUDAYAAN BARU PADA MASYARAKAT PESISIR KECAMATAN AYAH KABUPATEN KEBUMEN

Coastal societies are defined as the unity of collective social people living in coastal areas. Coastal societies are still very thick with their culture. As time goes by, the times are growing so that lead to the development of new cultures, including the new culture in coastal societies. The attitudes of the coastal societies towards the new culture are to accept the new culture, but the coastal societies also reject new cultures that are deemed incompatible with the culture that already exist in coastal societies. The social skills of coastal societies towards a new culture are to keep upholding existing cultural values. So that, even though a new culture develops in coastal societies, coastal communities still keep upholding existing cultural values inherited from generation to generation.
 
 Ayah District is one of the districts in Kebumen Regency. Ayah District is one of the districts whose southernmost border is the Indian Ocean. So that, some of the people in Ayah District are coastal societies. Ayah culture is very diverse, ranging from language, knowledge systems, social organizations, living equipment systems and technology, living systems, religious systems and arts are still very thick with old culture. As time goes by, the times are growing so that lead to the development of new cultures, including the new culture of coastal societies in Ayah District. The purpose of this study was to find out how the attitudes and social skills of coastal societies in the Ayah District towards the existence of a new culture that is increasingly developing.
 The research method applied in this study is a qualitative method. The source of data in this study is the coastal society of the Ayah District considered and trusted to know the problem to be studied. Informants in this research are Village Heads, Community Leaders and Fishermen. Data collection techniques applied by using observation, interviews, and documentation studies. Data analysis applied was interactive model analysis.
 Masyarakat pesisir didefinisikan sebagai kesatuan sosial kolektif masyarakat yang hidup di kawasan pesisir. Masyarakat pesisir masih sangat kental dengan kebudayaannya. Semakin berkembangnya zaman semakin berkembang pula kebudayaan baru, begitu juga dengan kebudayaan baru di masyarakat pesisir. Sikap masyarakat pesisir terhadap kebudayaan baru yaitu menerima kebudayaan baru tersebut, tetapi masyarakat pesisir juga menolak kebudayaan baru yang dianggap tidak sesuai dengan kebudayaan yang sudah ada pada masyarakat pesisir. Keterampilan sosial masyarakat pesisir terhadap kebudayaan baru yaitu tetap menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai kebudayaan yang sudah ada. Sehingga meskipun kebudayaan baru berkembang di masyarakat pesisir, tetapi masyarakat pesisir tetap menjunjung tinggi nilai kebudayaan yang sudah ada yang diwariskan secara turun-temurun.
 

Research on Zhanjiang's Leisure Sports Tourism Development Strategy in Coastal Recreational Areas

Liu, Y.; Lai, L., and Yuan, J., 2020. Research on Zhanjiang's leisure sports tourism development strategy in coastal recreational areas. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 248–252. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.Against the background of global travel and national fitness, leisure sports tourism satisfies people's fitness and travel demands, brings physical and mental pleasure and enjoyment to tourists, and has become a hotspot of tourism development as a product of leisure sport and tourism integration. Zhanjiang of Guangdong has abundant natural and cultural tourism resources with favorable leisure sports conditions and is especially well known for its coastal recreational area. This paper takes the online comments of tourists from Ctrip, Mafengwo, Qunar, TripAdvisor, and Lvmama as data sources; uses ROST CM6 software to mine and analyze the text content; systematically analyzes the satisfaction of tourists to Zhanjiang through high word frequency, semantic network analysis, and emotion analysis; and finally puts forward an innovative product design and optimized development strategy to provide reference for the development of the sports tourism industry of Zhanjiang, as well as other coastal cities in China.