Coastal Railway Research Articles

Risk assessment of national railway infrastructure due to sea-level rise: an application of a methodological framework in Italian coastal railways

Nowadays, within the built environment, railway infrastructures play a key role to sustain national policies oriented toward promoting sustainable mobility. For this reason, national institutions and infrastructure managers need to increase their awareness in relation to the current and future climate risks on their representative systems. Among climate change impacts, preventing the effects of sea-level rise (SLR) on coastal railway infrastructures is a priority. The first step in the climate change adaptation policy cycle is the development of an ad hoc climate risk assessment. In this view, this research develops a vulnerability and a risk assessment metric to identify the hotspots within a national coastal railway due to the SLR impacts. The proposed methodology required different steps to quantify the SLR projections and the vulnerability characteristics of the assets, in terms of sensitivity and adaptive capacity. The investigated case study is the coastal railway infrastructure in Italy, thanks to an initial approach of co-design participative processes with the national Infrastructure Manager: Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI). The results of this application, although not included in the paper due to confidential reasons imposed by the infrastructure manager — led to a clear identification of the areas and the coastal railway sections which are exposed to high levels of risks and of the places which require priority actions for urgent adaptation in a view of climate proof infrastructures.

Joint Channel and IQ Imbalance Compensation Method for MIMO-OFDM Using in Coastal Railway

Joint Channel and IQ Imbalance Compensation Method for MIMO-OFDM Using in Coastal Railway

Www.ijeit.misuratau.edu.ly ISSN 2410-4256 Paper ID: EN017 Soil Improvement Technique for Pilot Section as New Railway Project in Libya

The construction of embankments on soft saturated soils can be a challenge due to the low shear strength and high compressibility of these soils. The application of reinforced and pile-supported embankments to sustain the imposed dead and traffic loads for train speeds of up to 250 km/h is recently growing in Libya. The aim of this study examine the performance of Geogrid-reinforced embankments with Vibro- stone columns as a ground improvement method adopted in "Pilot Section Al Khoms" subject to cyclic loadings that are applied over a specific area of the embankment to improve strength and provide a safe and economical design for the whole coastal railway. The main result from the load plate test indicates that the stringent performance requirements of the new railway project were met. Furthermore, it was observed that with an increasing number of reinforcement Geogrid layers, enormous cycles of loading could be applied without experiencing excessive deformation and an important reduction in the stress and settlement on the subgrade. The results from field experience, show the project was completed on time and the ground improvement method adopted was employed successfully to reduce the costs of construction maintenance of embankments in the high-speed railway project.

Evaluating the Safety and Control Scheme of Coastal Railway Using Land Subsidence Coupling Model

Uneven settlement caused by excessive exploitation of groundwater will seriously affect the smooth operation of high-speed railways. This study takes the Jinwei high-speed railway as an example to explore the development characteristics and distribution of groundwater and land subsidence along the railway under the influence of groundwater exploitation. Based on the comprehensive analysis of hydrogeological conditions and soil characteristics, a three-dimensional coupling model of groundwater seepage and land subsidence was established. The groundwater flow field and land subsidence along the railway under different mining schemes were quantified, and the prevention and control scheme to ensure the smooth operation of the high-speed railway was determined. The results show that the coupling model verified by groundwater and subsidence monitoring data can better simulate the development process of land subsidence. The subsidence center along the railway line is located between DK315 ∼ DK327, with a predicted maximum subsidence rate of 16.36 mm/a. The second most serious area is located between DK295 ∼ DK309, with a maximum subsidence rate of 12.21 mm/a. The maximum ban on mining along the railway is extended to 350 m at the section DK295 ∼ DK309, and to 450 m at the section DK315 ∼ DK325, which can minimize the impact of land subsidence on the high-speed railway.

A web-based system to determine risk of investment in international rail construction projects

Manual evaluation of investment risk make results and solutions are not timely. The objective of the study is to explore intelligent risk data collecting and risk early warning of international rail construction. First, this study has identified risk variables by content mining. Second, risk thresholds are calculated by the quantile method based on data from 2010 to A.D. 2019. Third, this study has developed risk early warning system by the gray system theory model, the matter-element extension method and the entropy weight method. Fourth, the risk early warning system is verified using Nigeria coastal railway project in Abuja. This study found that: (1) the framework of the developed risk warning system contains a software and hardware infrastructure layer, a data collection layer, an application support layer, and an application layer. (2) 37 investment risk variables are recognized; (3) 12 risk variables thresholds intervals are not equally divided between 0 and 1, the others are evenly distributed; (4) based on the application of Nigeria coastal railway project in Abuja, the system verification results are consistent with real situations, which is shown that risk early warning system is reasonable and feasible. These findings offer a good reference for intelligent risk management.

High-speed train induced vibration measurements in fresh tunnel shotcrete layer

Existing coastal railway track has been undergoing for renovation and improvement work aiming to raise train speed and shorten the travel time between Turku and Helsinki. The track has 16 existing tunnels of which 14 has been renovated between 2019 and 2021. Majority of the tunnels have been reinforced by system and shotcrete and rock bolts. The water seepage control has been solved by using PE sheets with additional 100 mm fibre shotcrete layer as fire protection layer. After the track and tunnel improvements, the track was test driven with two different trains: a high speed SM train unit and a two storey intercity train unit. The speeds used were higher than the current allowed speeds aiming to study the potential to increase the travel speed. One of the most restrictive parameters for the increase is the pressure shock of high speed train entering the tunnel. Too high pressure shock will cause inconvenience for the passengers and can cause damage in tunnel lining structures. Also currently no clear guideline exists what speed limits need to be used for trains entering tunnels with curing shotcrete. To study these matters the test run train units were instrumented including with pressure sensors. The conclusions about the pressure shocks are investigated briefly in the paper.

Data Management and Visualization of Coastal Railway in Wireless Sensor Network Monitoring System

Ji, X.R., 2020. Data management and visualization of coastal railway in wireless sensor network monitoring system. In: Al-Tarawneh, O. and Megahed, A. (eds.), Recent Developments of Port, Marine, and Ocean Engineering. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 110, pp. 219–222. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.With the continuous progress of industrialization in our country, machinery and equipment are developing to higher frequency and larger scale. How to automate and monitor is the key parts which are widely distributed and in bad working environment in machinery and equipment. Therefore, the realization of scientific life prediction and fault diagnosis is an important issue, which is widely concerned by the industry at present. This paper studies the fusion method of equipment information data and geographic information data in the wireless sensor network (WSN), and realizes the fusion of WSN sensing data based on the proposed development environment. Then, we establish the database model and parses the data file. In addition, we realize data visualization in web environment based on the Silverlight module. Finally, the visual part of the coastal railway monitoring WSN system established in this paper is tested by function test and performance test.

Impact of Coastal Railway Transportation Decisions on Public Welfare

Niu, X., 2019. Impact of coastal railway transportation decisions on public welfare. In: Li, L.; Wan, X.; and Huang, X. (eds.), Recent Developments in Practices and Research on Coastal Regions: Transportation, Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 98, pp. 284–289. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.China's coastal railway public welfare compensation mechanism should establish and improve the freight rate formation mechanism. Under the current relative price level, it is not feasible to completely correct the price distortion through compensation, and the freight rate formation mechanism is not in line with the industry characteristics of coastal railway as a quasi-public product. Government purchase services should be based on prices that are consistent with market rules. If there is no price reflecting the relationship between supply and demand in the market, the government has no reference standard for compensation for coastal railway transportation companies. This article will study the formation mechanism of material transportation price when the government and coastal railway transportation enterprises are equal. Research finds that centralized decision-making can increase the total revenue of the government and coastal railway transportation companies, and the order quantity of centralized decision-making is larger than that of the scattered orders; the transportation company still provides transportation services to the government according to the original wholesale price. When an order is placed according to the optimal order quantity for centralized decision-making, the government's revenue will decrease, and the coastal railway transportation company's income will increase. At this time, the government will not participate. This article focuses on decision-making. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new allocation mechanism to induce the government to choose the optimal order quantity for centralized decision-making.

MIGRATION AS A DEVELOPMENT VECTOR: IMPACT OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL MIGRATION ON THE URBANISATION OF RABAT CITY

The present reflection aims to tackle the African migration issue, an intricate dialectic of different concepts and contrasting systems, both historical and social, as well as their repercussions for the territories. Thus, to establish a model of development including new migratory flows. This migratory dynamic will engender profound urban metamorphoses which must be planned beforehand through urban solutions adapted to prepare the ground for a more organic migration. Especially that Morocco is committed to international conventions as well as the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development. I have chosen to emphasize to study the case of Rabat city migration as a capital city it is focal role as hub Moroccan migratory path.On the margins of this dynamic conurbation. Peri-urban centers have been developed, which benefit from their location on the road and coastal railway that joins Rabat Casablanca economic city of the country.

Assessment of the co-benefits of structures in coastal areas for tsunami mitigation and improving community resilience in Sri Lanka

A quantitative analysis of the co-benefits that structures in coastal communities can have to enhance tsunami disaster resilience is essential to identify the most economical disaster mitigation measures. This research assesses the contribution of a revetment and a coastal railway embankment for enhancing the resilience against tsunamis of two coastal villages (Dimbuldooa and Wenamulla) along the southwestern coast of Sri Lanka. The tsunami mitigation co-benefit of those structures has been presented in monetary terms by equating it to the expected amount of damage that they could prevent from happening. This assessment was carried out through numerical simulations of possible tsunamis which can result from tsunamigenic earthquakes with return periods of between 100 and 1500 years originating in the Andaman zone of the Sunda subduction zone. The results reveal that both types of existing structures have a tsunami mitigation co-beneficial function. However, they might require slight upgrading in order to ensure that they do not suffer significant damage and collapse during the successive waves that form part of a tsunami.

Sea-level rise impacts on transport infrastructure: The notorious case of the coastal railway line at Dawlish, England

Future climate change is likely to increase the frequency of coastal storms and floods, with major consequences for coastal transport infrastructure. This paper assesses the extent to which projected sea-level rise is likely to impact upon the functioning of the Dawlish to Teignmouth stretch of the London to Penzance railway line, in England. Using a semi-empirical modelling approach, we identify a relationship between sea-level change and rail incidents over the last 150years and then use model-based sea-level predictions to extrapolate this relationship into the future. We find that days with line restrictions (DLRs) look set to increase by up to 1170%, to as many as 84–120 per year, by 2100 in a high sea-level rise scenario (0.55–0.81m). Increased costs to the railway industry deriving from maintenance and line restrictions will be small (£ millions) in comparison with damage caused by individual extreme events (£10s of millions), while the costs of diversion of the railway are higher still (£100s of millions to billions). Socio-economic costs to the region are likely to be significant although they are more difficult to estimate accurately. Finally, we explain how our methodology is applicable to vulnerable coastal transport infrastructure worldwide.

An Approach to Coastal Railway Line Evacuation under a Tsunami Warning

AbstractThe analysis of transport network reliability under a natural disaster warning (e.g., impending tsunami) is a complex task, in part, due to the uncertainty of the time of the event occurrence at different locations. Different magnitudes and epicenters of earthquakes, as well as ocean bathymetry, will cause tsunami waves to have different arrival times and wave heights at different locations of a network. In this study, the southern coastal railway line in Sri Lanka, which is part single track and part double track, is analyzed to plan for the operation of trains under a tsunami warning. The confusion and concern that will prevail among passengers is taken into account. The poor communication and signal systems in place are also considered. Planning guidelines are proposed to improve communication and to select safe stations under various tsunami scenarios. If safe stations are not available, trains are directed to stations from which evacuation is possible to a safe location. A simple procedure an...

Correlation Analysis of Physical and Mechanical Soil Parameters in Coastal Plain Region

According to the tested physical and mechanical soil parameters of the Coastal Railway in West Guangdong along the broad coastal plain region, the correlation relations between compression modulus, compression coefficient and void ratio, moisture content, density, standard penetration number are analyzed by the linear regression method. The results show that the compression modulus increases with the increase of water content and void ratio, with correlation coefficients being 0.6985 and 0.8147, respectively; the compression modulus decreases with the increase of density and standard penetration number, with correlation coefficients being 0.7827 and 0.4934, respectively; the compression coefficient decreases with the increase of water content and void ratio, with correlation coefficients being 0.9131 and 0.9412, respectively; the compression coefficient decreases with the increase of density and standard penetration number, with correlation coefficients being 0.8187 and 0.4985, respectively. The parameters which are hardly obtained from the test directly can be easily evaluated by using these formulas.

From Tokyo to Seoul (Tonggyŏng esŏ Kyŏngsŏng kkaji, 1917)

From Tokyo to Seoul (Tonggyŏng esŏ Kyŏngsŏng kkaji, 1917)1 Yi Kwang-su Translated by Ellie Choi (bio) First Letter I didn't feel good about the way I left you at the train station just now. You stood by on the platform waving your handkerchief until you could no longer see me, and I felt my eyes moisten. This shouldn't surprise me. How could we not be sad when you and I are like two halves of a whole, when I used to say you were the only one who truly understood me and I was the only one who truly understood you? I'm also distressed about leaving you when you're not in good health. Little brother (同生), please don't call me heartless (mujŏng). Of course I want to stay with you and comfort you, but we aren't people driven only by our emotions. It's our lot in life to be separated by great distances, shedding tears, but no matter when or where I go, I'll think of you. Every time I encounter anything interesting on my journey I'll share it with you, so please take comfort in this. Second Letter It's peak rice-planting season. Farmers in reed hats are bending their backs as they transplant rice stalks under the gently [End Page 337] falling rain. Of course for them this is a pretty busy time, but to someone like me observing from a distance, they look idyllic. I can even imagine throwing everything away and becoming a farmer just like them. But the more I think about it, this isn't a time for people like us to be concerned with our own fun and comfort. I couldn't tell in Tokyo if spring had gone and summer had arrived, but outside the city it's obvious that summer is well under way. From time to time you should also go outside to play and be close to great nature. When you get in touch with nature, not only will your heart feel open and refreshed, and you'll be able to forget all the small and petty things of this world, but you'll surely be able to appreciate life's joys. That you're alive, you're growing, you're flourishing, you're productive—not only the individual, but the whole minjok will realize with conviction that this is the way to live. Little brother, please live with vigor, hope, and energy. Third Letter The panting of the locomotive becomes more and more pronounced as we pass Kōzu. The clear, beautiful ocean with its calm waters begins to disappear but in its stead the mountains gradually come into view. The green mountains, washed clean by the summer rains, are swathed in twilight mists that seem to come from deep within the hills. The mists float as if emerging from the earth, from the luxuriant foliage, and even from the hidden spaces between boulders. And from the bottom of the mountains a stream looks very happy as it trickles down, creating little shoals. I can't believe how beautiful it is set against the verdant mountains. The surrounding scenery is completely steeped in twilight, and incomparably deep and warm. In its midst, our train laboriously makes its way up towards Gotenba Station in the Hakone Mountains. From Yamagita Station—famous for its silver trout—two locomotive engines front and back pull and push us up the mountain at such a slow pace that we could jump off: with one roar [End Page 338] we are over the railway bridge, and with another, through a tunnel. After we pass one tunnel, we approach another, and after one bridge, another. This area has the most tunnels in the whole Eastern Coastal Railway system. Coal fumes fill the railway car. Passengers hold their handkerchiefs over their noses and breathe, thinking that this area is made up entirely of tunnels, but if you really think about it there are actually more open spaces. Even before you can say there are tunnels everywhere, we are passing by all the caves and the huge Fuji Textile Corporation factory that...

Brunel's coastal railway

In 2006 the engineering profession (and many others) celebrated the 200th anniversary of the birth of Isambard Kingdom Brunel. The list of Brunel's engineering successes is extensive, including the Clifton Suspension Bridge in Bristol, and the Thames Tunnel, and his influence is felt world‐wide. Although not usually quoted as one of his iconic masterpieces, Brunel's stretch of coastal railway from Dawlish Warren to Teignmouth in southern England (South Devon) is an early Victorian engineering triumph that has a close connection with geology. Although having many initial technical problems, subsequent breaches and continual need for maintenance, it still stands today as a monument to Brunel's genius. It has, however, influenced coastal processes, and has yet to face the predicted global warming sea level rises.

Brza Jadranska pruga

The author first reviews the high-speed routes of individual rail administrations in Europe and then furnishes the information on absolutely unsatisfactory speeds· with us particularly on the mainland-coast route. He therefore advocates the possibility of introduction of the 'Pendolino' type trains able to cut the journey times by some 20-30%. The paper then deals with the possible routes of the coastal railway track to lead via Rijeka through Lika·up to Knin and further over the central Dalmatia to Gabela by which the first section of the railway system would bi closed. The route would then lead in the direction of Dubrovnik and Niksic that is Bar by which the link with the Belgrade-Bar route would be obtained. The author leads for an accelerated elaboration of projects and keeping the area reserved for this high-speed route construction.

Transport Accessibility And PortCompetitiveness: The Case Of Savona-Vado

Competitiveness is fundamental in ranking ports everywhere and, within the competitive forum, accessibility is a major factor. Access to good transport services plays a crucial role and the possession of a multi-modal hub should give a port an advantage over less accessible ones. This paper examines the case of the port of Savona-Vado. Within the multi-modal transport network serving this port several bottlenecks can be recognised, such as the single-tracking of the coastal railway to French border and the inadequacy of the northward corridor due to the relief constraints of the Apennine. This paper intends to asses the traffic capacity of the transport infrastructures serving Savona-Vado. Taking into account the infrastructural interventions being planned or designed the author intend to determine whether the transport network that serves Savona will be adequate to sustain the traffic growth of its port.