CMM Model Research Articles

The Influence of KOL Internet Marketing on Consumers from the example about Beauty products in Xiaohongshu Platform

Key opinion leader (KOL) Internet marketing is one of the key research topics today. Researchers have found that with the rise and popularity of Xiaohongshu platform in recent years, more and more beauty products have been promoted by KOL on this platform, thus affecting consumers. However, there is still a research gap on the form and degree of influence behind it. Therefore, this paper collects questionnaire data on the consumption of beauty products purchased by Xiaohongshu of all ages, and conducts regression analysis on the data, to explore the relationship between the KOL Internet marketing environment and consumers. The results show that under the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), consumer attitude, subjective criteria and cognitive behavior control all have positive effects on consumer behavior intention. All factors under the CMM model will promote consumers' media attention to the product, and media attention has a positive effect on consumers' consumption behavior intention.

Study on the Maturity of Construction Technology in China

The development and application of construction have two sides, advanced technology may lead to efficiency improvement and performance improvement, but may also because of the lack of technology itself, resulting in economic losses, security risks, ecological damage and other negative effects. Based on the CMM model, the paper takes construction technology as the research object, constructs the construction technology maturity evaluation system, and takes the data of the National Bureau of Statistics from 1999 to 2018 for nearly 20 years as the analysis sample to evaluate the construction technology maturity grade. On this basis, the paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the maturity of construction technology.

Enhancing competitive response to market challenges with a strategic intelligence maturity model

Tracking meaningful insights about companies’ exposures to high risk of failure in competitive markets, intelligence studies in business should listen to practitioners’ signals and act in providing decision making support to systematic scanning for valuable information. In order to gain robustness in confronting unexpected events in real markets, companies should adopt an unstructured learning perspective with maturity assessment tools, while purposely pooling strategic intelligence (SI) skills. By bridging organizational maturity modeling with a future orientation stream of literature and intelligence studies in business, this conceptual research aims to highlight a genuine Strategic Intelligence Capability Maturity Model (SI CMM), capable of purposely addressing the challenge of aligning detective and anticipatory organizational capabilities. The conceptual model highlights the degree of preparedness of four SI profiles behaviors (intelligence provider, vigilant learner, opportunity captor and opportunity defender – previously developed by the authors) against seven levels of maturity. The SI CMM framework outlines both conditioned scanning capabilities (the first five SI readiness levels) and enablers to anticipate future market trends (the last two SI readiness levels). The novel approach of the strategic intelligence readiness framework supplies companies with a valuable organizational learning tool to close the skills gap through an opportunity provider profile. The main features lie in coordination and sharing SI common knowledge to enhance preparedness in forward-looking competitive pressures. The conceptual framework invites academia and the community of intelligence experts in business to evaluate the relevance of the new conceptualization, clarity of constructs and complementary nature of correlation and causation with the proposed SI CMM model

Optical and UV surface brightness of translucent dark nebulae

Context. Dark nebulae display a surface brightness because dust grains scatter light of the general interstellar radiation field (ISRF). High-galactic-latitudes dark nebulae are seen as bright nebulae when surrounded by transparent areas which have less scattered light from the general galactic dust layer. Aims. Photometry of the bright dark nebulae LDN 1780, LDN 1642, and LBN 406 shall be used to derive scattering properties of dust and to investigate the presence of UV fluorescence emission by molecular hydrogen and the extended red emission (ERE). Methods. We used multi-wavelength optical photometry and imaging at ground-based telescopes and archival imaging and spectroscopic UV data from the spaceborn GALEX and SPEAR/FIMS instruments. In the analysis we used Monte Carlo RT and both observational data and synthetic models for the ISRF in the solar neighbourhood. The line-of-sight extinctions through the clouds have been determined using near infrared excesses of background stars and the 200/250 μm far infrared emission by dust as measured using the ISO and Herschel space observatories. Results. The optical surface brightness of the three target clouds can be explained in terms of scattered light. The dust albedo ranges from ~0.58 at 3500 Å to ~0.72 at 7500 Å. The spectral energy distribution of LDN 1780 is explained in terms of optical depth and background scattered light effects instead of the original published suggestion in terms of ERE. The far-ultraviolet surface brightness of LDN 1780 cannot be explained by scattered light only. In LDN 1780, H2 fluorescent emission in the wavelength range 1400–1700 Å has been detected and analysed. Conclusions. Our albedo values are in good agreement with the predictions of the dust model of Weingartner and Draine and with the THEMIS CMM model for evolved core-mantle grains. The distribution of H2 fluorescent emission in LDN 1780 shows a pronounced dichotomy with a strong preference for its southern side where enhanced illumination is impinging from the Sco OB2 association and the O star ζ Oph. A good correlation is found between the H2 fluorescence and a previously mapped 21-cm excess emission. The H2 fluorescence emission in LDN 1780 has been modelled using a PDR code; the resulting values for H2 column density and the total gas density are consistent with the estimates derived from CO observations and optical extinction along the line of sight.

Optimization of kinematic errors model used in virtual CMM systems

The kinematic errors are one of the main contributors of coordinate measurement total error and should be taken into consideration during preparation of virtual CMM (VCMM) models. Modules responsible for simulation of kinematic errors that were used so far required long-lasting experiments to be performed before implementation of VCMM. It was one of the biggest limitations regarding its usage. The optimization method for kinematic error model was proposed in this paper. Its usage resulted in reduction of duration of implementation experiments more than 4 times.

Virtual CMM-based model for uncertainty estimation of coordinate measurements performed in industrial conditions

Due to the rigorous requirements for implementation of virtual models of CMMs, such models are primarily used in high-profile calibration laboratories. This paper presents a novel methodology for implementing a Virtual CMM model capable of correct uncertainty determination for measurements performed in less stable, industrial conditions. Verification results obtained under varying ambient conditions are also presented to prove the correctness of proposed methodology.

Modeling chain continuously variable transmission for direct implementation in transmission control

Continuously variable transmissions (CVT) have been widely used in many different areas such as automotive, robotics, manufacturing and aerospace industry. In CVT drives, a properly designed control strategy is needed to ensure the precise control of the speed ratio, and a deep knowledge of the steady-state and transient behavior of the drive is necessary to this purpose. In the framework of belt and chain CVT drives, model-based approaches developed for this purpose are mainly of two types: continuous models and multibody models. Continuous models are much less costly from a computation point of view, while multibody models are usually believed to be more accurate. The aim of this paper is twofold: first the CMM continuum model [Carbone G., Mangialardi L., Mantriota G., ASME Journal of Mechanical Design, 127, 103–113 (2005)] is compared with a multibody model of the chain-CVT variator. Secondly, the CMM model is proposed for a fast and enhanced characterization of the shifting dynamics of chain CVT. The analysis shows that, except for dynamical effects due to the intermittent contact of the chain pins with the pulleys and caused by the polygonal action of the chain, the CMM and multibody models provide very similar results. Moreover, this study shows, by exploiting the CMM model, that the overall dynamics of the CVT can be described by a relatively simple first order nonlinear differential equation, which can be very easily implemented for CVT real-time control applications. The accuracy of such a simplified approach is then tested against some preliminary shifting experiments under torque load conditions. Results show a very good agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental outcomes, thus making this simplified approach a promising tool to develop advanced real-time control of CVT transmissions for automotive applications.

CSPG4-specific immunity and survival prolongation in dogs with oral malignant melanoma immunized with human CSPG4 DNA.

Due to the many similarities with its human counterpart, canine malignant melanoma (cMM) is a valuable model in which to assess the efficacy of novel therapeutic strategies. The model is herein used to evaluate the immunogenicity, safety, and therapeutic efficacy of a human chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan-4 (hCSPG4) DNA-based vaccine. The fact that homology between hCSPG4 and cCSPG4 amino-acidic sequences stands at more than 80% provides the rationale for using an hCSPG4 DNA vaccine in the cMM model. Dogs with stage II-III surgically resected CSPG4-positive oral MM were subjected to monthly intramuscular plasmid administration, which was followed immediately by electroporation (electrovaccination) for at least 6, and up to 20, months. The immunogenicity, safety, and therapeutic efficacy of the vaccine have been evaluated. hCSPG4 electrovaccination caused no clinically relevant local or systemic side effects and resulted in significantly longer overall and disease-free survival times in 14 vaccinated dogs as compared with 13 nonvaccinated controls. All vaccinated dogs developed antibodies against both hCSPG4 and cCSPG4. Seven vaccinated dogs were also tested for a cCSPG4-specific T-cell response and only two gave a detectable interferon (IFN)γ response. Xenogeneic electrovaccination against CSPG4 is able to overcome host unresponsiveness to the "self" antigen and seems to be effective in treating cMM, laying the foundation for its translation to a human clinical setting.

A Design of Software Testing Management Platform Based on CMM

With the increasing requirement in software quality, the importance of software testing in the project implementation process is growing. In order to ensure the smooth progress of the test work, it is necessary to be effective in managing it, so software enterprises are in a grave need of an efficient and practical software test management platform. CMM is a method for evaluating software contracting capacity to help improve software quality, focusing on the elevation and evaluation of management and engineering capabilities in the software development process. This study, on the basis of research of CMM model, the software testing process and the need of company's software testing management, designed a CMM-based software testing management platform. The model consists of six functional modules, including requirements management, test case management, test running management, the test defect management, the test task management, workload management. The improved features contain test milestone management, test result analysis and supporting testing automation. The functions of e-mail alert, defect report discussion records and custom defect status are also included. Eight kinds of staff roles are involved.

Considering People CMM for managing factors that affect software process improvement

In the literature about software process improvement there are a number of papers that identify success factors and barriers to such initiatives, but those works do not analyze or propose possible organizational actions to manage them. The implementation of improvements to software practices and processes is a particular case of organizational change, and as in any proposed change, human resources are usually the key parameter for its successful implementation. On its side, the People CMM model is a roadmap for implementing management practices of human resources that contributes to continuously improve the capacity of the workforce of an organization. From a systematic literature review a long list of success factors, barriers, motivators and de-motivator was obtained, which were grouped into 23 categories based on the similarity of the concepts underlying each factor. Eleven of these categories can be related to process areas of People CMM, according to the criteria that, given a category of factors, there exists one or more process areas of People CMM that, for its purposes and objectives, the implementation of its associated practices can help to strengthen the success factors and motivators, and to mitigate the resistance factors, barriers and de-motivators associated with that category. Based on this analysis, this article proposes to consider the People CMM model as a framework around which to implement organizational actions to manage the success factors and barriers that influence a software process improvement initiative.

A novel paradigm for cell and molecule interaction ontology: from the CMM model to IMGT-ONTOLOGY

BackgroundBiology is moving fast toward the virtuous circle of other disciplines: from data to quantitative modeling and back to data. Models are usually developed by mathematicians, physicists, and computer scientists to translate qualitative or semi-quantitative biological knowledge into a quantitative approach. To eliminate semantic confusion between biology and other disciplines, it is necessary to have a list of the most important and frequently used concepts coherently defined.ResultsWe propose a novel paradigm for generating new concepts for an ontology, starting from model rather than developing a database. We apply that approach to generate concepts for cell and molecule interaction starting from an agent based model. This effort provides a solid infrastructure that is useful to overcome the semantic ambiguities that arise between biologists and mathematicians, physicists, and computer scientists, when they interact in a multidisciplinary field.ConclusionsThis effort represents the first attempt at linking molecule ontology with cell ontology, in IMGT-ONTOLOGY, the well established ontology in immunogenetics and immunoinformatics, and a paradigm for life science biology. With the increasing use of models in biology and medicine, the need to link different levels, from molecules to cells to tissues and organs, is increasingly important.

Utilization of statistical process control (SPC) in emergent software organizations: Pitfalls and suggestions

Common wisdom in the domain of software engineering tells us that companies should be mature enough to apply Statistical Process Control (SPC) techniques. Since reaching high maturity levels (in CMM or similar models such as ISO 15504) usually takes 5---10 years, should software companies wait years to utilize Statistical Process Control techniques? To answer this question, we performed a case study of the application of SPC techniques using existing measurement data in an emergent software organization. Specifically, defect density, rework percentage and inspection performance metrics are analyzed. This paper provides a practical insight on the usability of SPC for the selected metrics in the specific processes and describes our observations on the difficulties and the benefits of applying SPC to an emergent software organization.

SOFTWARE PROCESS IMPROVEMENT IN LITHUANIA – UAB SINTAGMA CASE STUDY

Lithuanian IT companies have a growing interest in the software quality assurance and software process improvement. However, specialized software process models, such as CMM or ISO 15504 (SPICE), are not widely known. The object of this paper is a case study of the software process improvement effort in a Lithuanian IT company. CMM model was used as a basis for improvement. This paper explains why the majority of Lithuanian IT companies can be classified as small and presents how the major software process improvement issues of the case- study compare to the experiences of the small software organizations.

Introducing Usability Engineering into the Cmm Model: An Empirical Approach

Usability practitioners advocate implementation of user-centered design methodologies in order to achieve highly usable software products. However, such an approach can not be independent of the organization's established software development process. This paper describes how usability engineering is currently being incorporated into the iNautix's software development process. The iNautix process is based on the Capability Maturity Model developed by the Software Engineering Institute of Carnegie Mellon University. The model defines 5 levels of software development process maturity: the higher the maturity level, the higher the process capability of the organization. A 7-phase iNautix Life Cycle was developed based on the CMM framework. Recently, iNautix was assessed as a CMM level 2 organization. Currently, usability engineering processes have been included in 3 of the 7 phases: Requirements Management; Project Planning, Tracking and Oversight; and Product Development. New usability processes that the authors are defining as the organization matures toward CMM level 3 are also presented in the paper.

Which way, SQA? [software quality assurance

What is software quality assurance, and where is it headed? Has it become passe as firms embrace rapid application development techniques, modern tools, and spiral development models? These are interesting questions to ask in light of SQA's history, quality models and technological developments. The author considers the effect that technology has on the practice of SQA. He considers electronic commerce SQA, CMM and ISO models. He looks at the future of SQA.

Can the case for CASE technology be advanced by Process Improvement?

Findings of a case study that focused on understanding how software development proceeded in a small Information Systems Department (ISD) located within a major public sector service are presented. The observations collected relate to a period prior to, during and after the introduction of a CASE (Computer Aided Software Engineering) tool. They are based on a combination of minutes from quality circle meetings, interviews and regular on-site observations by the first author. The study used a framework loosely based on SEI's CMM model to characterize the state of practice before and after the introduction of the tool and to assess process improvement. Prior to the introduction of the first CASE tool a typical ISD software development task was a standalone single reporting application. The software development process model consisted simply of requirements acquisition and program development. Both these activities for a particular application were carried out by an individual developer within a few months. The former activity involved the client/user, with the level of participation dependent on the developer. Similarly, program development varied from one developer to another, with most effort being expended on coding and testing. Not surprisingly, maintenance was locked to the original developer. A decision that ISD should develop larger and more complex applications triggered the purchase of a CASE tool. Typically, the larger applications would be developed by a team of about five people over a period of twelve or more months. The introduction of CASE tools, first Case Designer 5.1 then Designer 2000, had a marked effect on the working practices of ISD. Specifically two more stages were introduced into the development activity: designing via an entity-attribute relationship model and validation via rapid prototyping; and greater attention was paid to the management of testing and fault reporting. The paper explores whether the benefits accrued by ISD can be attributed to the CASE tool, the changes in work practices, or a combination of both.

PROCESSUS – Integration of SEI CMM and ISO quality models

Integration of the two best-known quality management models for software production and maintenance, the Capability Maturity Model and the ISO 9001 Model (including ISO 9000-3) is of great interest for both the European and the American software market. The definition of a quality management model which would conform to the requirements of both models and use the advantages of each was a key goal of our research work within the project PROCESSUS.1 Research work was conducted in two steps: first, the detailed comparison of both models was made in order to define their common issues and specifics of each model, and secondly, the integrated model based on the results of the comparison was defined. In this paper the comparison method and results are described. Further, a method for the integration and a framework of the integrated model are presented. The core of our work is actually the content of the integrated model. Due to extensive content of the integrated model examples of some parts only are given in the appendix. The integrated model presented in this paper has already been successfully used in organizations which are cooperating in the project PROCESSUS o these organizations achieved the needed maturity for certification to the ISO 9001 standard and a maturity level near level 3 of CMM.