CME Article Research Articles

Transgender People in Emergency And Rescue Services

The treatment of transgender individuals presents a multifaceted challenge for those involved in emergency and rescue services, encompassing not only medical but also social aspects. Despite the increasing importance of healthcare for transgender individuals in Germany over recent years, there remains significant uncertainty among healthcare professionals in addressing the needs of this population. This uncertainty can result in transgender individuals delaying access to the healthcare system due to previous negative experiences, thereby increasing the risk of receiving suboptimal medical care.Ambiguities exist regarding gender-specific health issues and the appropriate use of pronouns and names. Surveyed participants have expressed a desire for more training opportunities in this area. Enhanced training of emergency services personnel is essential for fostering a better understanding of gender-specific health concerns. Additionally, there is a notable lack of specific guidelines for the treatment of transgender individuals within both emergency services and emergency rooms. Establishing specific treatment guidelines can enhance the safety of healthcare workers and consequently improve the medical care provided to transgender individuals.The objective of this CME article is to outline the key aspects of emergency medical care for transgender individuals, aiming to reduce uncertainties among emergency service personnel and enhance the quality of medical care for this group.

Bacterial keratitis : Clinical aspects, pathogens and treatment

Bacterial infections are by far the most frequent cause of infectious keratitis in high-income countries. The clinical appearance can vary widely depending on the type and species of bacteria, ranging from small superficial infiltrates to necrotizing forms. The numerous classes of available antibiotics render the treatment scope diverse and complex, especially before the pathogen has been specified and the sensitivity to antibiotics has been tested. New therapeutic approaches to reduce bacterial virulence are in development. This CME article focuses on the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to recognize and treat bacterial keratitis.

Chronic Prurigo.

Chronic prurigo (CPG) is a neuroinflammatory dermatosis characterized by prolonged pruritus lasting more than 6weeks, pruriginous skin lesions, and repeated scratching. Patients with CPG suffer significantly from psychological distress and a marked impairment in their quality of life. The most common subtype of CPG is chronic nodular prurigo (CNPG, also called prurigo nodularis). In addition to the clinical features of CPG and the burden of disease, this CME article provides an overview of the significant advances in understanding the pathophysiology, including the associated therapeutic options for CPG. Dupilumab is the first approved therapy for moderate and severe CNPG to date from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the US Food & Drug Administration (FDA). It also highlights other agents currently being studied in Phase II and Phase III clinical, randomized, placebo-controlled trials. These include biologics such as nemolizumab (anti-IL-31-RA-mAb), vixarelimab/KPL-716 (anti-Oncostatin-M receptor β-mAb), and barzolvolimab/CDX-0159 (anti-KIT-mAb), as well as Janus kinase inhibitors such as povorcitinib/INCB054707 and abrocitinib, and opioid modulators such as nalbuphine.

Update on asthma 2024 - what the ENT specialist needs to know

The lifetime prevalence of 8.6% of asthma in Germany reflects the high medical and socioeconomic impact of the disease. Asthma treatment goals have changed during the last decades: from symptom control to symptom prevention, with highly effective, disease-modifying anti-asthmatic drugs (DMAADs) aiming at asthma remission. In order to achieve this goal, phenotyping of patients (including an evaluation of allergies and type 2 biomarkers) is crucial for personalized treatment. The identification and effective treatment of concomitant diseases, such as allergic rhinitis or chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), plays a major role for successful treatment. This underlines the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration of otolaryngologists and respiratory physicians in the management of patients with asthma. This CME article informs the reader about current guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of asthma, focusing on clinically relevant recommendations for ENT physicians.

Diagnosis and therapy of sinonasal mucosal melanoma

Sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SNMM) is a rare and aggressive disease representing only 4% of all sinonasal malignancies and 1.4% of all melanomas. With an incidence of approximately 0.2 to 2 cases per million, the disease represents a very rare cancer type. As a result, there is a lack of data and most of the evidence for this highly aggressive disease is based on retrospective observations and analyses. The standard of care is radical tumor resection followed by an adjuvant radiotherapy. Nevertheless, the rate of local recurrence is high, up to 50%. In addition, the majority of patients (up to 70%) develop distant metastases during the course of their disease. Both contribute to the extremely poor prognosis of the disease. Mucosal melanomas (SM) and cutaneous melanomas (CM) behave differently with respect to biology, clinic presentation and prognosis. Compared to CM, survival rates are significantly lower for SM. The 5-year survival rate is around 25% in SNMM but 39-97% in cutaneous melanoma. Similar to CM, immune checkpoint inhibitors achieve promising results in SM. However, response rates are lower in SM compared to CM. The goal of this CME article is to provide an overview on biology, diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of SNMM.

Poxvirus infections in dermatology - the neglected, the notable, and the notorious.

The family Poxviridae currently comprises 22 genera that infect vertebrates. Of these, members of the Ortho-, Para-, Mollusci- and Yatapoxvirus genera have been associated with human diseases of high clinical relevance in dermatology. Historically, smallpox had been a notorious health threat until it was declared eradicated by the World Health Organization in 1979. Today, dermatologists are confronted with a variety of poxviral infections, such as farmyard pox, which occurs as a zoonotic infection after contact with animals. In the tropics, tanapox or vaccinia may be in the differential diagnosis as neglected tropical dermatoses. Molluscum contagiosum virus infection accounts for significant disease burden worldwide and is classified as a sexually transmitted infection in certain scenarios. Recently, mpox (monkeypox) has emerged as a public health emergency of international concern, requiring rapid recognition and appropriate management by dermatologists and infectious disease specialists. Advances and new insights into the epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical manifestations and complications, treatment, and prevention of poxviral infections require a high level of expertise and interdisciplinary skills from healthcare professionals linking virology, infectious diseases, and dermatology. This CME article provides a systematic overview and update to assist the practicing dermatologist in the identification, differential diagnosis, and management of poxviral infections.

Bariatric Surgery and Pregnancy

Dr. Cervino is a Resident, and Dr. Dang is an Instructor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, 101 Dudley St, Providence, RI 02905; E-mail: [email protected]. All authors, faculty, and staff have no relevant financial relationships with any ineligible organizations regarding this educational activity. CME Accreditation Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 2.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article and complete the quiz and evaluation on the enclosed answer form, answering at least seven of the 10 quiz questions correctly. Please visit http://cme.lww.com. This CME activity expires at 5 pm EST on July 30, 2025. NCPD Accreditation Lippincott Professional Development is accredited as a provider of nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. Lippincott Professional Development will award 2.5 contact hours for this NCPD activity. This activity is also provider approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider Number CEP 11749 for 2.5 contact hours. Lippincott Professional Development is also an approved provider of continuing nursing education by the District of Columbia, Georgia, West Virginia, New Mexico, South Carolina, and Florida, CE Broker #50-1223. Your certificate is valid in all states. Instructions for earning ANCC contact hours are included on page 11 of the newsletter. This NCPD activity expires on June 5, 2026.

Amniotic Band Syndrome: Head-to-Toe Manifestations and Clinical Management Guidelines.

After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Understand and describe the basic principles underlying the intrinsic versus extrinsic proposed mechanisms for the development of amniotic band syndrome (ABS). 2. Discuss risk factors and conditions that are associated with the development of ABS. 3. Understand the various presentations and associated clinical implications of ABS by anatomic location. 4. Describe the basic tenets underlying various repair technique options for ABS of the extremities. 5. Discuss the common manifestations of ABS in the face and trunk. 6. Understand clinical implications of fetoscopic surgery as it relates to ABS treatment as a novel method for limb salvage in utero. Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) refers to the development of constrictive bands of fibrotic tissue in utero. It can lead to a variety of clinical manifestations after delivery. There is much debate in the plastic surgery community regarding the exact pathophysiologic mechanism for the development of ABS, and the most appropriate management. This CME article aims to provide an overview of ABS manifestations throughout the body, and to expound on the most recent advances in anticipatory and definitive management of the condition.

Use of the Levonorgestrel Intrauterine Device for Noncontraceptive Indications

Dr. Rajprohat is a Resident, and Dr. Dang is an Instructor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, 101 Dudley St, Providence, RI 02905; E-mail: [email protected]. All authors, faculty, and staff have no relevant financial relationships with any ineligible organizations regarding this educational activity. CME Accreditation Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 2.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article and complete the quiz and evaluation on the enclosed answer form, answering at least seven of the 10 quiz questions correctly. Please visit http://cme.lww.com. This CME activity expires at 5 pm EST on July 14, 2025. NCPD Accreditation Lippincott Professional Development is accredited as a provider of nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. Lippincott Professional Development will award 2.0 contact hours for this NCPD activity. This activity has been assigned 2.0 pharmacology credits. This activity is also provider approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider Number CEP 11749 for 2.0 contact hours. Lippincott Professional Development is also an approved provider of continuing nursing education by the District of Columbia, Georgia, West Virginia, New Mexico, South Carolina, and Florida, CE Broker #50-1223. Your certificate is valid in all states. Instructions for earning ANCC contact hours are included on page 11 of the newsletter. This NCPD activity expires on June 5, 2026.

Management of Simple Ovarian Cysts

Dr. Chafitz is a Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ 07601, E-mail: [email protected]; Dr. Chemerinski is a Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Fellow, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; and Dr. McGovern is Associate Professor, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, and University Reproductive Associates, Hasbrouck Heights, New Jersey. All authors, faculty, and staff have no relevant financial relationships with any ineligible organizations regarding this educational activity. CME Accreditation Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 2.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article and complete the quiz and evaluation on the enclosed answer form, answering at least seven of the 10 quiz questions correctly. Please visit http://cme.lww.com. This CME activity expires on June 29, 2025. NCPD Accreditation Lippincott Professional Development is accredited as a provider of nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. Lippincott Professional Development will award 2.0 contact hours for this NCPD activity. This activity is also provider approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider Number CEP 11749 for 2.0 contact hours. Lippincott Professional Development is also an approved provider of continuing nursing education by the District of Columbia, Georgia, West Virginia, New Mexico, South Carolina, and Florida, CE Broker #50-1223. Your certificate is valid in all states. Instructions for earning ANCC contact hours are included on page 11 of the newsletter. This NCPD activity expires on June 5, 2026.

Effective and Evolving Treatments for Shoulder Pain in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury

Ms. Dorsey is a student at the Master's Entry into Nursing Program, DePaul University School of Nursing, Chicago, Illinois; and Dr. Saravanan is Assistant Professor, School of Nursing and College of Health and Human Sciences, Northern Illinois University, 1240 Normal Rd, DeKalb, IL 60115; E-mail: [email protected]. The authors, faculty, and staff have no relevant financial relationship with any ineligible organizations regarding this educational activity. CME Accreditation Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1.5 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article and complete the quiz and evaluation assessment survey on the enclosed form, answering at least 70% of the quiz questions correctly. Please visit http://cme.lww.com. This CME activity expires at 5 pm EST on May 31, 2025. NCPD Accreditation Lippincott Professional Development is accredited as a provider of nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. Lippincott Professional Development will award 2.0 contact hours for this NCPD activity. This activity is also provider approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider Number CEP 11749 for 2.0 contact hours. Lippincott Professional Development is also an approved provider of continuing nursing education by the District of Columbia, Georgia, West Virginia, New Mexico, South Carolina, and Florida, CE Broker #50-1223. Your certificate is valid in all states. Instructions for earning ANCC contact hours are included on page 8 of the newsletter. This NCPD activity expires on March 6, 2026.

Normal and Delayed Puberty in Females

Ms. Kheyfets is a Medical Student, and Dr. French is Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111; E-mail: [email protected]. All authors, faculty, and staff have no relevant financial relationships with any ineligible organizations regarding this educational activity. CME Accreditation Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 2.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article and complete the quiz and evaluation on the enclosed answer form, answering at least seven of the 10 quiz questions correctly. This CME activity expires on May 29, 2025. NCPD Accreditation Lippincott Professional Development is accredited as a provider of nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. Lippincott Professional Development will award 2.0 contact hours for this NCPD activity. This activity has been assigned 0.5 pharmacology credits. This activity is also provider approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider Number CEP 11749 for 2.0 contact hours. Lippincott Professional Development is also an approved provider of continuing nursing education by the District of Columbia, Georgia, West Virginia, New Mexico, South Carolina, and Florida, CE Broker #50-1223. Your certificate is valid in all states. Instructions for earning ANCC contact hours are included on page 11 of the newsletter. This NCPD activity expires on March 6, 2026.

Antibiotic Stewardship and Intrapartum Fever

Dr. Marinelli is a Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030, E-mail: [email protected]; Dr. Benedetto is a Resident, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and Dr. Ehasz is an Obstetrician/Gynecologist, Atrium Health, Davidson, North Carolina. All authors, faculty, and staff have no relevant financial relationships with any ineligible organizations regarding this educational activity. CME Accreditation Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 2.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article and complete the quiz and evaluation on the enclosed answer form, answering at least seven of the 10 quiz questions correctly. This CME activity expires on May 14, 2025. NCPD Accreditation Lippincott Professional Development is accredited as a provider of nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. Lippincott Professional Development will award 2.0 contact hours for this NCPD activity. This activity has been assigned 2.0 pharmacology credits. This activity is also provider approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider Number CEP 11749 for 2.0 contact hours. Lippincott Professional Development is also an approved provider of continuing nursing education by the District of Columbia, Georgia, West Virginia, New Mexico, South Carolina, and Florida, CE Broker #50-1223. Your certificate is valid in all states. Instructions for earning ANCC contact hours are included on page 11 of the newsletter. This NCPD activity expires on March 6, 2026.

Acute Cholecystitis, Chronic Cholecystitis, and Associated Complications: Findings on Imaging

Mr. Barr is a Radiology Resident, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC10 5530, 1, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, email: [email protected]; Dr. Arif-Tiwari is Professor and Chief of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona; and Dr. Thompson is Professor, Department of Radiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico. After participating in this educational activity, the radiologist should be better able to identify acute and chronic calculous cholecystitis on imaging, and differentiate the many complications that may develop as a result of acute cholecystitis. All authors, faculty, and staff have no relevant financial relationships with any ineligible organizations regarding this educational activity. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 2 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article and complete the quiz and evaluation on the enclosed answer form, answering at least seven of the 10 quiz questions correctly. This continuing medical education activity expires on April 29, 2025.

Cervical Ectopic and Cesarean Scar Pregnancies: Navigating the Differential of an Abnormal Lower Uterine Pregnancy

Dr. DiBiase is a Resident, Dr. Burrell is Assistant Professor, and Dr. Smith is Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, 101 Dudley St, Providence, RI 02905; E-mail: [email protected]. All authors, faculty, and staff have no relevant financial relationships with any ineligible organizations regarding this educational activity. CME Accreditation Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 2.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article and complete the quiz and evaluation on the enclosed answer form, answering at least seven of the 10 quiz questions correctly. This CME activity expires on April 29, 2025. NCPD Accreditation Lippincott Professional Development is accredited as a provider of nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. Lippincott Professional Development will award 3.0 contact hours for this NCPD activity. This activity has been assigned 1.5 pharmacology credits. This activity is also provider approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider Number CEP 11749 for 3.0 contact hours. Lippincott Professional Development is also an approved provider of continuing nursing education by the District of Columbia, Georgia, West Virginia, New Mexico, South Carolina, and Florida, CE Broker #50-1223. Your certificate is valid in all states. Instructions for earning ANCC contact hours are included on page 11 of the newsletter. This NCPD activity expires on March 6, 2026.

Diagnostic Imaging in Evaluation of Aortic Dissection

Dr. Omar is Chief Resident, Department of Radiology, Detroit Medical Center, 4201 St. Antoine, 3J-2, Detroit, MI 48201, E-mail: [email protected]; and Dr. Abidov is Professor, Department of Radiology, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan. After participating in this educational activity, the radiologist should be better able to identify risk factors, epidemiology, clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, and pathophysiology of aortic dissection and describe associated complications. Dr. Abidov is a recipient of grant/research funding from Astellas Pharma. Lippincott CME Institute has identified and mitigated all relevant financial relationships regarding this educational activity. The remaining author, faculty, and staff have no relevant financial relationships with any ineligible organizations. The FDA has not approved gadolinium contrast for use in DE-CMR as discussed in this article. Please consult the product labeling for approved information. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 2 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article and complete the quiz and evaluation on the enclosed answer form, answering at least seven of the 10 quiz questions correctly. This continuing medical education activity expires on April 14, 2025.

Imaging Characteristics of Müllerian Duct Anomalies and Effects on Outcomes

Dr. Della Grotta is a Resident, and Dr. Johnson is Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, 1 Medical Center Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157; E-mail: [email protected]. After participating in this educational activity, the radiologist should be better able to differentiate Müllerian duct anomalies based on imaging features and explain the potential complications and initial management of the varying subtypes. All authors, faculty, and staff have no relevant financial relationships with any ineligible organizations regarding this educational activity. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 2 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article and complete the quiz and evaluation on the enclosed answer form, answering at least seven of the 10 quiz questions correctly. This continuing medical education activity expires on March 14, 2025.

Cervical Arthroplasty: A Clinical Update

Dr. Hudson is a Neurosurgery Resident, and Dr. Neal is a Neurosurgeon, Mayo Clinic, 5777 E. Mayo Blvd, Phoenix. AZ 85054; E-mail: [email protected]. Dr. Neal is a consultant for Medtronic Inc and was a speaker for Globus. Category: Spine Lippincott CME Institute has identified and mitigated all relevant financial relationships regarding this educational activity. The remaining author, faculty, and staff have no relevant financial relationships with any ineligible organizations. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 2.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article and complete the quiz and evaluation on the enclosed form, answering at least 70% of the quiz questions correctly. This activity expires on February 28, 2025.

Lumbar Disc Arthroplasty: Where Are We Now?

Dr. Alvarado is a Neurosurgery Spine Fellow, and Dr. O'Toole is Professor, Department of Neurological Surgery, Rush University, 1725 W. Harrison St, Ste 855, Chicago, IL; E-mail: [email protected]. Dr. O'Toole is a consultant and receives royalties from Globus Medical Inc. This work is supported by the Neurosurgery Research & Education Foundation (2023-24 Clinical Fellowship Grant). Lippincott CME Institute has identified and mitigated all relevant financial relationships regarding this educational activity. The remaining author, faculty, and staff have no relevant financial relationships with any ineligible organizations. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1.5 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article and complete the quiz and evaluation assessment survey on the enclosed form, answering at least 70% of the quiz questions correctly. This activity expires on February 28, 2025.

Hacking and Artificial Intelligence in Radiology: Basic Principles of Data Integrity and Security

Dr. Ritenour is Professor, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St, MSC 323, 210 CSB, Charleston, SC 29425; E-mail: [email protected]. After participating in this educational activity, the radiologist should be better able to describe the principles of artificial intelligence and data security and explain how these features enhance the efficacy and reliability of the diagnostic process. All authors, faculty, and staff have no relevant financial relationships with any ineligible organizations regarding this educational activity. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 2 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article and complete the quiz and evaluation on the enclosed answer form, answering at least seven of the 10 quiz questions correctly. This continuing medical education activity expires on February 27, 2025.