Cluster Of Grapes Research Articles

Morphological examination of the accessory sex glands of the Barki bucks (Capra hircus).

The present investigation was prepared to describe the accessory sex glands of the Barki bucks grossly and by light microscopy. There are four sex glands: ampullary, vesicular, prostate, and bulbourethral. The ampullary gland is an enlargement of the terminal part of the ductus deferens, its glandular part has branched tubuloalveolar glands, and its secretory alveoli lined with a pseudo-stratified epithelium composed of cuboidal to columnar cells. The vesicular gland takes the appearance of a cluster of grapes and the left vesicular gland is enlarged and higher than the right one. The vesicular gland is a lobulated tubuloalveolar gland with wide intralobular space and the gland contain a secretory unit which lined by pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium, and the interlobular ductules lined by the stratified epithelium, while the interlobular duct lined by simple cuboidal epithelium; moreover, the lining epithelium of secretory part consists of tall columnar cells. The prostate gland consists only of the disseminated part and is enclosed by a connective tissue capsule that was thin dorsally, thick laterally, and reduced in thickness ventrally. The prostatic acini are lined by simple cuboidal epithelium. The bulbourethral gland was similar in size to the walnut and surrounded by a capsule and there are interlobular connective tissue septa that divided the gland into lobes and lobules of different sizes. The bulbourethral gland contained secretory units lined by the tall simple columnar epithelium of mucous type with basely located nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm contains granular secretion. The gross and microscopic examination of the four accessory sex glands gave valuable information in the future pathology diagnosis of the accessory sex glands of the Barki bucks.

Reflections on the Hesychian Lemma βουρικυπάρισσος

The Greek grammarian and lexicographer, Hesychius of Alexandria (5th–6th c. CE) included a Pamphylian gloss: βουρικυπάρισσος ἡ ἄμπελος. Περγαῖοι in his dictionary of rare and dialectal words. Based on a microphilological and lexical analysis, I suggest that the Greek text should be read as follows: βουρί˙κυπάρισσος ἢ ἄμπελος. Περγαῖοι (“bourí: cypress or grapevine. Citizens of Perge”). The Pamphylian gloss in question represents two different borrowings of terms originating in the Near East. The first item βουρί˙κυπάρισσος (‘cypress’) seems to have been borrowed from Akkadian burāšu(m) ‘a kind of conifer tree; juniper or cypress’ with a Lycian intermediary (Akk. burāšu → Luw. *burašiš > Lyc. *burehi > *burhi → Pamph. βουρί), whereas the second one βουρί˙ […] ἄμπελος (‘grapevine’) reflects a separate loanword from an Anatolian source, cf. Hitt. and Luw. muriš c. ‘a grapevine, a vine, a cluster or bunch of grapes or other fruit’. The Pamphylian dialect of Ancient Greek represents an extraordinary idiom, which was used in the neighbourhood of numerous Anatolian languages such as Lycian, Milyan, Sidetic, Pisidian and Cilician. It is therefore not surprising that the Pamphylian Greeks borrowed a number of cultural terms for plants from an Anatolian Indo-European source, as well as from Akkadian or other West Semitic languages via Luwian and Lycian. Additionally, other possible Anatolian borrowings into Ancient Greek (e. g. Gk. dial. βωληνή ‘a type of grapevine’, μῶλαξ ‘id.’ vs. Hittite maḫlaš c. ‘grapevine, Vitis vinifera L.’) are mentioned and reviewed.

Bacterial cellulose/polyaniline nanocomposite aerogels as novel bioadsorbents for removal of hexavalent chromium: Experimental and simulation study

In most countries, rapid industrialization poses a threat to the environment upon discharging the wastewater streams containing heavy metals, especially hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), into the environment. In this work, sustainable and biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC)/polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposite aerogels with different morphology were fabricated in the presence of sodium dodecylbenzene-sulfonate (SDBS) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The fabricated BC/PANI in the existence of SDBS and SDS showed thistle like and a cluster of grapes, respectively. The Cr(VI) removal was performed at a neutral pH condition. The highest adsorption capacity of 189 mg/g was determined at pH 7 for BC/PANI/SDBS (BPDB) compared with 151 mg/g for BC/PANI/SDS (BPDS) after 24 h. After five cycles, re-adsorption efficiency was reached to 68% for BPDB and 59% for BPDS. Simulation results showed that the effect of surface diffusion was prevailing compared with the pore volume diffusion (nearly 90% after 1 h). BPDB showed a faster adsorption rate than BPDS. Predicted concentration decay curves had good agreement with experimental data.

Evaluation of Volatile Metabolites Emitted In-Vivo from Cold-Hardy Grapes during Ripening Using SPME and GC-MS: A Proof-of-Concept.

In this research, we propose a novel concept for a non-destructive evaluation of volatiles emitted from ripening grapes using solid-phase microextraction (SPME). This concept is novel to both the traditional vinifera grapes and the cold-hardy cultivars. Our sample models are cold-hardy varieties in the upper Midwest for which many of the basic multiyear grape flavor and wine style data is needed. Non-destructive sampling included a use of polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) chambers temporarily enclosing and concentrating volatiles emitted by a whole cluster of grapes on a vine and a modified 2 mL glass vial for a vacuum-assisted sampling of volatiles from a single grape berry. We used SPME for either sampling in the field or headspace of crushed grapes in the lab and followed with analyses on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We have shown that it is feasible to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted in-vivo from single grape berries (39 compounds) and whole clusters (44 compounds). Over 110 VOCs were released to headspace from crushed berries. Spatial (vineyard location) and temporal variations in VOC profiles were observed for all four cultivars. However, these changes were not consistent by growing season, by location, within cultivars, or by ripening stage when analyzed by multivariate analyses such as principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analyses (HCA). Research into aroma compounds present in cold-hardy cultivars is essential to the continued growth of the wine industry in cold climates and diversification of agriculture in the upper Midwestern area of the U.S.

Gestational Trophoblastic Disease

A middle-aged woman presented with vaginal bleeding leading to the identification of a uterine mass and serum hCG level of more than 700,000 mIU/mL. Imaging revealed no evidence of a gestational sac or fetal pole. She underwent hysterectomy. The photograph is of a bisected uterus containing a network of vesicular villi connected by fibrous strands historically referred to as resembling a “cluster of grapes.” Which of the following type of gestational trophoblastic disease does this patient most likely have?a.Nonmolar gestation with hydropic degenerationb.Partial hydatidiform molec.Complete hydatidiform mole (CHM)d.Choriocarcinoma Answer: c. Complete hydatidiform mole Complete hydatidiform mole is a form of gestational trophoblastic disease that results from fertilization of an abnormal empty ovum by 2 sperms or 1 sperm that replicates.1Di Cintio E. Parazzini F. Rosa C. Chatenoud L. Benzi G. The epidemiology of gestational trophoblastic disease.Gen Diagn Pathol. 1997; 143: 103-108PubMed Google Scholar, 2Lindor N.M. Ney J.A. Gaffey T.A. Jenkins R.B. Thibodeau S.N. Dewald G.W. A genetic review of complete and partial hydatidiform moles and nonmolar triploidy.Mayo Clin Proc. 1992; 67: 791-799Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (52) Google Scholar It is estimated to occur at a rate of 1 per 1000 pregnancies in the United States.1Di Cintio E. Parazzini F. Rosa C. Chatenoud L. Benzi G. The epidemiology of gestational trophoblastic disease.Gen Diagn Pathol. 1997; 143: 103-108PubMed Google Scholar Most CHMs are diploid, with 46,XX being the most common karyotype.1Di Cintio E. Parazzini F. Rosa C. Chatenoud L. Benzi G. The epidemiology of gestational trophoblastic disease.Gen Diagn Pathol. 1997; 143: 103-108PubMed Google Scholar, 2Lindor N.M. Ney J.A. Gaffey T.A. Jenkins R.B. Thibodeau S.N. Dewald G.W. A genetic review of complete and partial hydatidiform moles and nonmolar triploidy.Mayo Clin Proc. 1992; 67: 791-799Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (52) Google Scholar No fetus develops, but the placental tissue develops as a mass of vesicular villi, each about 1 cm, that fills the uterine cavity. Microscopy shows enlarged villi with central cisterns, stromal karyorrhexis, and a circumferential pattern of mixed trophoblastic hyperplasia (arrow). Complete evacuation is often sufficient treatment, and serum hCG is serially followed until it returns to 0. Because of increased risk (2%-3%) of choriocarcinoma in CHM, hysterectomy is often performed in patients older than 40 years.

Active chitosan/PVA with ascorbic acid and berry quality of ‘Superior seedless’ grapes

The effectiveness of chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA) blended with ascorbic acid (AA) at different concentration (0, 2.8, 5.6 and 8.2mM) of ‘Superior seedless’ grapes coating to delay deterioration of fruit cluster during shelf-life. Clusters were coated with different treatment CS/PVA-AA solution and stored at room temperature for four days. Samples were taken every day. Physico-chemical, weight loss, soluble solid content (SSC%) and titratable acidity (TA), berry firmness and separation force and nutraceutical such total polyphenol (TP), flavonoid (TFL) content, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and rachis browning index properties along with the cell wall degrading enzymatic activity cellulase (CEL), polygalacturonase (PG) and xylanase (XLN) and cell membrane permeability were evaluated. CS/PVA-AA 8.2mM treatment significantly reduced water loss, berry shattering and delayed the qualitative changes in color, SSC, TA and SSC/TA ratio content. Additionally, changes in the TP, TFL contents are related to AA loaded with CS/PVA coating to fruits clusters were delayed. CS/PVA-AA coating could be enhanced the activity of some antioxidant enzymes, preventing rachis browning and reducing membrane damage by inhibition of cell wall degrading CEL, PG, and XLN. Also, CS/PVA-AA 8.2mM coating fruit cluster of superior seedless grapes exhibited a slower rate of deterioration, compared to uncoated fruit clusters and CS/PVA-AA only.

Harp Jazz

Harp Jazz Taije Silverman (bio) Keywords Poetry, Harp Jazz, Taije Silverman, Alice Coltrane Is Alice Coltrane dead I asked my friend and he said everyone’s dead. Right. If he was drunk already or if the sedative was what tricked his feet off bottom steps but I don’t think so, I don’t know how his wife died or how he found her. Someone cleaned. I wish I could hold you right. Their house had swallowed its quietness. A whole house of quietness, ingested. I cut the garden down because he asked me to. Stuffed willow and dill and tomatoes in massive brown bags. Cucumbers split from the heat were as long as my arms. Do the crickets sound loud to you he asked and I said no. Am I going to get saved from this he asked and I said no. You want love, I’ll give you love. The black cat I hit on my way to his sister’s house kept running after I hit it although I hit it straight on going sixty. That’s a sound that requires a space in your flesh, to forget. We set up his tent in his sister’s yard and there were more stars than I’ve seen in a long time but not as many as I’ve ever seen, not that many. Stay awake he said after I’d taken his sedative and I told him about the castle that was a prison and how next to it in the summer the whole town comes out to watch movies in black plastic chairs. His eyes were wrong. They had the sadness of an animal. You know, warm like that, and still running even afterward and at the same pace. I didn’t stop the car because I didn’t want to have to touch its fur. Stay awake all night and talk to me. Inside the house his sister’s two children slept in a room below their parents. A family intact as a snakeskin cast off from the body. Weight of the air but that density, rooted and linked, of their each of them sleeping. We wished for the names of the flint-pitched birds while I put my hand on your beard which was wire and on your hand which was a cluster of grapes and on your chest which went on for so long. You are always someone else. My blue balloon, my funny friend, my walkabout through palm trees. How will you narrate what is happening now he asked as he drew [End Page 270] and then changed and then canceled the lines of my body. And that was almost everything I wanted. Come, my warm trouble, my good metal bowl. I’ll stay awake all night. For a little while. I don’t know how she died. Come into me. [End Page 271] Taije Silverman taije silverman’s book Houses Are Fields was published in 2009. She is the winner of the Anne Halley Poetry Prize from the Massachusetts Review, as well as the recipient of a 2016 Pushcart Prize and several residencies from MacDowell. Newer poems are forthcoming in the Georgia Review, Barrow Street, Gettysburg Review, and Best American Poetry 2016. Copyright © 2017 The Massachusetts Review, Inc

Racemose neurocysticercosis: a cluster of bad grapes.

Racemose neurocysticercosis: a cluster of bad grapes.

Computed Tomographic Features of Saccular Type of Bronchiectasis in a Dog

A 9-year-old, castrated male Malamute dog was presented with chronic cough. On thoracic computed tomography, non-tapered and dilated peripheral bronchi were detected. Bronchoarterial ratio was about 2.2. The dilated bronchi appeared as a cluster of grapes especially in left cranial, left caudal and right middle lung lobe. Based on the computed tomographic findings, the diagnosis was made as the saccular type of bronchiectasis.

Oviposition and development potential of the spotted‐wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae), on uninjured Campbell Early grape

AbstractThe spotted‐wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae), originally distributed across a few Asian countries including South Korea, has invaded North America and Europe but is absent from Australia. In order to export the South Korean grape cultivar Campbell Early to Australia, its potential to serve as an oviposition and development medium for SWD must first be determined. In this study, we determined the oviposition and development potential of SWD on Campbell Early, after elucidating the SWD life cycle and establishing an artificial diet‐based mass‐culturing system. An investigation of the life cycle under five temperature regimes (16, 19, 22, 25 and 28°C) showed that the durations of the egg, larval and adult stages were shortened when temperature was increased from 16, 19, 22, 25 and 28°C, but pupal duration was shortest at 25°C and extended again at 28°C. A test of oviposition and development potential of SWD on Campbell Early grape clusters showed oviposition of 30.8 ± 6.8 eggs per cluster of injured grapes and 157.7 ± 16.2 eggs on a culture dish of artificial diet. However, in a similar experiment using uninjured grape clusters, only a single egg was deposited on the grape skin, which soon dried. In light of these results, newly harvested grapes left at vineyards during daily harvests are unlikely to serve as an oviposition and development medium for SWD, as long as the grapes remain uninjured.

Quick Consult

FigureFigureFigureA 19-year-old G1P0 woman is transferred from a nearby urgent care with vaginal bleeding. She reported her first positive home pregnancy test was two weeks earlier, and she has not yet been seen by an obstetrician. Her last menstrual period was approximately 14 weeks prior. She first noticed the vaginal bleeding 10 days earlier, but it resolved, and today she began spotting again. She is without fever or urinary complaints. She denies antecedent trauma or domestic violence. Her vitals are within normal limits, her abdominal exam is benign, and her pelvic exam reveals a closed os with scant blood in the vault and no cervical motion tenderness. Her bedside ultrasound is shown. You see clear intrauterine contents but have difficulty visualizing fetal heart rate or movements. (Image 1.) There is no significant free pelvic fluid in the cul-de-sac and the endomyometrial mantle thickness is adequate. A beta-HCG level returns at 67,000 mIU/mL. A consultative pelvic ultrasound was performed and demonstrated heterogeneous material within the endometrial cavity that may relate to failed pregnancy. What should you do next? Does this patient warrant additional workup in the ED? Find the diagnosis and case discussion on the next page. Diagnosis: Molar Pregnancy Obstetrics was consulted, and this patient was discharged and returned for a scheduled dilation and curettage (D&C). Tissue was sent for pathology and ultimately revealed a complete hydatidiform mole. Hydatidiform moles are a gestational trophoblastic disease that result from abnormal fertilization. A complete molar pregnancy occurs when an empty egg is fertilized by two sperm, creating a diploid (46, XX or 46, XY) karyotype. The resulting tissue develops into a mass of swollen chorionic villi in grapelike structures. A small percent of these moles will become invasive or give rise to choriocarcinomas. The incidence of complete hydatidiform moles is about one in 2000 pregnancies in the United States, with increased rates in women under 20 or over 40. (Robbins Basic Pathology. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2013, 735.) Despite the traditionally taught clinical presentation for molar pregnancies — excessive uterine size for dates, anemia, hyperemesis, preeclampsia, and clinical hyperthyroid state — the vast majority of patients will be asymptomatic or report vaginal bleeding without other systemic manifestations. (Arch Gynecol Obstet 2000;264[1]:33.) The classic ultrasound description of a “cluster of grapes” or a “snowstorm” is present in less than two-thirds of molar pregnancies in the first trimester. (J Ultrasound Med 1999;18[9]:589.) Evaluating Complications Point-of-care obstetric ultrasound is commonly used to evaluate first-trimester complications. The goal of this should be to identify a viable intrauterine pregnancy and exclude first-trimester emergencies such as ectopic pregnancies. (ACEP Emergency Ultrasound Documents; http://bit.ly/1MpP0WP.) Failure to identify a clear fetal structure or fetal heart rate should prompt referral for consultative ultrasounds and follow-up with an obstetrician. Final diagnosis of molar pregnancies is achieved by D&C with tissue pathology, after which quantitative HCG levels are trended to ensure complete evacuation of the mole. The patient sought follow-up care in the gynecology clinic and had weekly beta-HCG levels drawn to ensure appropriate downtrending until undetectable. Thyroid studies and a chest radiograph to screen for cardiopulmonary manifestations attributable to trophoblastic embolization or thyrotoxicosis were also unremarkable. She was counseled about the importance of not becoming pregnant until her molar pregnancy resolved because a new pregnancy would complicate management. A Paragard intrauterine device was placed at the time of the D&C to guard against this. Share this article on Twitter and Facebook. Access the links in EMN by reading this on our website or in our free iPad app, both available at www.EM-News.com. Comments? Write to us at [email protected].

Vineyard yield estimation based on the analysis of high resolution images obtained with artificial illumination at night.

This paper presents a method for vineyard yield estimation based on the analysis of high-resolution images obtained with artificial illumination at night. First, this paper assesses different pixel-based segmentation methods in order to detect reddish grapes: threshold based, Mahalanobis distance, Bayesian classifier, linear color model segmentation and histogram segmentation, in order to obtain the best estimation of the area of the clusters of grapes in this illumination conditions. The color spaces tested were the original RGB and the Hue-Saturation-Value (HSV). The best segmentation method in the case of a non-occluded reddish table-grape variety was the threshold segmentation applied to the H layer, with an estimation error in the area of 13.55%, improved up to 10.01% by morphological filtering. Secondly, after segmentation, two procedures for yield estimation based on a previous calibration procedure have been proposed: (1) the number of pixels corresponding to a cluster of grapes is computed and converted directly into a yield estimate; and (2) the area of a cluster of grapes is converted into a volume by means of a solid of revolution, and this volume is converted into a yield estimate; the yield errors obtained were 16% and −17%, respectively.

Drying ofVitis viniferaL. cv “Sultanina” in tunnel solar drier

Raisin production and export is an important business in Turkey. In this research V. vinifera L. cv. “Sultanina” was dried in polythene tunnel type rack systems solar drier and in direct sunlight (traditional drying method). The inside temperature of the tunnel has been increased by adding solar panels to the drying tunnel. The cluster of grapes was dipped in four different alkali solution (dipping solution); such as 1%, 2%, 3%, and 5% of sodium hydroxide + 1% olive oil. Each application was two replicates and at each repetition to be 2 kg/m2 grapes. After dipping grapes were placed on the rack. Drying process were continued until 14% humidity. In the study drying period of the grapes, drying ratio, % moisture, % total soluble solids content, 100 berry weight, berry surface color (CIE, L, a, b), alcohol-soluble color values were measured.Drying period of grapes in the solar drying tunnel is faster than direct sunlight. Solar tunnel drying was found to be satisfactory and competitive to traditional drying method. The color of grapes dried in the sun drying tunnel not seen a negative change.Provision of solar dryers in drying, air distribution and heat conservation is to make a positive impact on the drying process and capacity. The most important advantage of the dried product in the tunnel type solar drier is protected raisins from external environment.The main factor in the drying process is to obtain minimum energy consumption of the product with the desired quality and reach a maximum speed of drying. The results obtained from this research are used in practice compliance.

Synthesis and characterization of cluster of grapes like pure and Zinc-doped CuO nanoparticles by sol–gel method

Pure CuO and Zn-doped CuO nanoparticles were synthesized from sol–gel process by reacting copper acetate monohydrate with a urea in distilled water at 80°C. The synthesized Samples were different concentrations but same annealing temperature at 400°C. The obtained samples were characterized by means of UV–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). UV–visible technique used to measure the band gap of the synthesized samples. The XRD spectra of the synthesized samples confirmed the CuO nanoparticles with monoclinic structure. All the functional groups of the pure and doped synthesized samples were investigated by FT-IR analysis. The morphological and elemental estimation of the pure and Zn-doped synthesized samples were examined by FE-SEM with EDS.

Seminal Glands of Buffalo Bulls (Bos bubalis L.) During Prepubertal and Pubertal Periods: Histological and Histochemical

The current investigation was carried out on the seminal glands of six apparently healthy mature male Buffalo bulls and six immature. The specimens were collected and examined anatomically and histologically after being fixed in 10% buffered neutral formalin. The specimens were subjected to processing till paraffin sections were obtained and stained. The anatomical and histological findings of the seminal glands are varying with age. Anatomically, the immature seminal gland was small sized, flaccid in texture, white in color and measured about 0.80-0.95 gm in weight, 1.95-2.50 cm in length, 1.00-1.15 cm in width and about 0.46-0.60 cm in thickness. Meanwhile, in mature one became larger in size, firm in texture, pale yellow in color, multi-lobulated where had a very large lobules on its outer surface giving, cluster of grapes liked appearance. It measured about 7-8 gm in weight, 5-6 cm in length, 2-2.5 cm in width and about 80-1.3 cm in thickness. Microscopically, the seminal gland was observed consisting of a stroma of connective tissue and a parenchyma of differentiating and undifferentiating acini in immature animal. Meanwhile, in mature one, the parenchyma was consisted of secretory end pieces and well-developed duct system. With advancement of age, the thickness of the capsule and trabeculae increased, also the number of secretory end pieces per unite area increased and the amount of inter-glandular connective tissue stroma reduced.

A Long Right Atrial Thrombus Intermittently Prolapsing into Right Ventricle in a Patient with Recurrent Ischemic Stroke: An Image Report

A 39-year-old male was admitted for recurrent ischemic strokes. TEE was performed to detect the potential intra-cardiac thrombi and right-to-left shunts. A large hypermobile, echodense, irregular mass was found in the right atrium, which looked like a cluster of grapes. The motion of the components of the mass was synchronized, prolapsing into right ventricle in an octopus-like fashion during diastole. There was no evidence for PFO or other intra-cardiac shunts by color flow Doppler. The patient was referred to surgery and a continuous 30 cm long thrombus spanning from the inferior vena cava to the right ventricle was discovered.

Tamponnade révélant un kyste hydatique intra-péricardique – un cas

IntroductionHydatid disease is a parasitic infection caused by the development of the larval form of the Teania of Echinococcus granulosus. It is endemic in many regions of the world such as the Mediterranean basin. Location without pericardial cardiac involvement is extremely rare. In this case study, we will elaborate the case of an intra-pericardial hydatidosis disease without cardiac location revealed by a tamponade. ObservationAA is a 60-year-old man with no pathological history and who was admitted for a tamponade assessment. Indeed, the cardiovascular examination showed a muffling of the heart sound and signs of a right heart failure. Besides, the ECG shows a microvoltage, and the chest radiography shows cardiomegaly. Moreover, the transthoracic echocardiogram confirmed the presence of an abundant pericardial effusion along with signs of a tamponade. It also reifies the presence of, at the intra-pericardial level, a multiple vesicular formation giving a cluster of grapes highly suggestive of an intra-pericardial hydatid disease. An emergency surgical drainage allowed removing about two liters of suspicious fluid along with cysts and white membranous. The pathological examination of the membranous confirmed the diagnosis of a pericardial hydatid cyst. The performance of a chest CT and an abdominal ultrasound's scan to identify other locations shows no further anomalies. The patient was put under medical treatment (Albendazole®) and is showing a good clinical improvement. ConclusionThe intra-pericardial hydatid disease is another cause of tamponade not to fail despite its rareness, as it is endemic to North African countries.

The Seminal Glands of Buffalo Bulls (Bos bubalis L.) during Prepubertal and Pubertal Periods: Histological and Histochemical

The current investigation was carried out on the seminal glands of six apparently healthy mature male Buffalo bulls and six immature. The specimens were collected and examined anatomically and histologically after being fixed in 10% buffered neutral formalin. The specimens were subjected to processing till paraffin sections were obtained and stained. The anatomical and histological findings of the seminal glands are varying with age. Anatomically, the immature seminal gland was small sized, flaccid in texture, white in color and measured about 0.80-0.95 gm in weight, 1.95-2.50 cm in length, 1.00-1.15 cm in width and about 0.46-0.60 cm in thickness. Meanwhile, in mature one became larger in size, firm in texture, pale yellow in color, multi-lobulated where had a very large lobules on its outer surface giving, cluster of grapes liked appearance. It measured about 7-8 gm in weight, 5-6 cm in length, 2-2.5 cm in width and about .80-1.3 cm in thickness. Microscopically, the seminal gland was observed consisting of a stroma of connective tissue and a parenchyma of differentiating and undifferentiating acini in immature animal. Meanwhile, in mature one, the parenchyma was consisted of secretory end pieces and well-developed duct system. With advancement of age, the thickness of the capsule and trabeculae increased, also the number of secretory end pieces per unite area increased and the amount of inter-glandular connective tissue stroma reduced.

Botryoid odontogenic cyst developing from lateral periodontal cyst: A rare case and review on pathogenesis

Botryoid odontogenic cyst (BOC) is considered to be a polycystic variant of the lateral periodontal cyst (LPC) as the specimen resembled a cluster of grapes. It is a non-inflammatory odontogenic cyst. The BOCs can be unicystic or multicystic. These cysts have potential to extend in the bone and become multilocular and they have a high recurrence rate. Till now, only 73 cases of BOC have been reported. The pathogenesis of BOC is still debatable. We review different pathogenesis proposed for BOC and discuss a rare case of BOC developing from lining of an abnormally large LPC which showed aggressive behaviour in terms of growth and size.

Totally Thoracoscopic Surgical Resection of Cardiac Myxoma in 12 Patients

Myxomas are the most common type of primary cardiac tumors. We report our use of totally thoracoscopic surgery in resecting cardiac myxomas in 12 cases with 10 in the left atria and 2 in the right atria. Totally thoracoscopic surgical resection of myxoma was successfully performed in all cases through three minimal incisions, with the largest incision less than 3 cm. The cardiopulmonary bypass time was 96 to 126 minutes, and the aortic cross-clamp time was 46 to 63 minutes. Postoperative ventilation assistance was 3 to 11 hours. We show that the method is safe and achieves complete tumor resection.