Club Building Research Articles

Palaces of Culture in Urals in Context of Architectural Policy of USSR (1920s-1980s)

For the first time, a comprehensive analysis of the entire set of club buildings from the Soviet era in the Urals region (Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, Perm, Orenburg regions, Bashkir and Udmurt ASSR) has been undertaken. The author of the article compiled a database comprising over 300 units. Information on specialized buildings of palaces of culture erected in cities and industrial settlements of the region in the 1920s-1980s was analyzed. The most popular standard projects of club buildings as well as individual projects were identified. A detailed description of palaces of culture, whose architectural appearance resonated widely in the public sphere, is provided. It is shown that in the late 1940s to early 1950s, under the dominance of neoclassical architectural aesthetics, a series of projects embodying exemplary characteristics were implemented in the Urals, clarifying the degree of centralization of the cultural policy of the USSR. The placement of specific cultural complexes is characterized in detail. A conclusion is drawn that club construction in cities and industrial settlements of the Urals was uneven both spatially and chronologically. The peak of construction was in the 1950s, with a significant decrease in the pace of building palaces of culture by the 1980s; the majority of clubs were concentrated in major industrial centers. The massiveness of club construction was determined by the use of standard projects, yet this does not diminish the specific valuable qualities of Soviet palaces of culture as a crucial element of historical heritage.

Public Buildings in the Architecture of Ukrainian Modernism

Among the avant-garde monuments preserved in Kharkiv and creating its unique architectural character, the buildings of workers’ clubs occupy a special place. The construction of buildings with such a function began in Kharkiv at the beginning of the 20th century, but after the October Revolution, workers’ clubs became almost the main symbol of the era, because they symbolized the desire for a new life and the creation of a new person. In the works of avant-garde architects, the club became a favorite design theme. During the architectural competitions of the early and mid-1920s, a typology of club buildings was compiled and original compositional and artistic solutions formed, which reflected a creative discussion about the development of Ukrainian architecture: the struggle against the revival of baroque trends ended with the victory of a new direction — Modernism. The architecture of Kharkiv workers’clubs in the 1920s and 1930s reflects the development trends of Ukrainian modernism, but it has its own characteristics related to both regional features and the individuality of the masters who took part in their design. Kharkiv’s clubs reflect the diversity of views of, and approaches to, form-giving by architects with different views and experience, whose buildings constitute a unique architectural heritage. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristic features of Kharkiv workers’ clubs and determine their place in the general picture of Ukrainian modern architecture for the further development of a program for their preservation. The research uses the methods of historical-architectural, functional-structural and stylistic analysis, which includes traditional general scientific approaches. The material collected, analyzed and systematized in this article can be used for further scientific research in the field of the development of historic architecture, for the implementation of project proposals for the restoration and conservation of individual monuments, and in education.

An Example from the First National Architectural Period: Edirne Union and Progress Club Building

An Example from the First National Architectural Period: Edirne Union and Progress Club Building

Рабочий клуб - типология культурно-досуговых зданий СССР начала XX века

The article reveals the concept of “club”, its typology, features of architecture as a cultural, leisure and entertainment structure. The predecessors of workers’ clubs are described by historical chronology. The functions of folk houses are compared with bourgeois clubs in Western countries. Parallels are exposed between historical events in the early of the 20th century with the architecture of that period. The formation of the architecture of workers' clubs is noted and their historical background on the territory of the former USSR built from 20s to the 80s is revealed. The time period for the beginning of mass construction and the ideological inspirers of the architecture of club buildings are determined. In the article analyzes workers' clubs of the early 20th century in Russia designed by K.S. Melnikov. In the course of analyzing the three-dimensional solutions of the architecture of workers' clubs, the experience of their creation is considered, using the example of four characteristic objects built in the period 1920-1930, designed by K.S. Melnikov, in which the role of the author himself, who influenced the formation of structures of a new cultural and spectacular type, is analyzed. When describing buildings, economic and ideological aspects are considered, with regional characteristics. This research analyzes main architectural principles and compositional techniques used in the projects of workers' clubs by K.S. Melnikova. Based on the results of synthesis and analysis, a diagram has been compiled classifying the general features of the described clubs, their compositional properties and means, and organizational structures. As a result, a short retrospective analysis is given, demonstrating the prerequisites of a new typology of cultural and leisure buildings - a workers' club.

Architecture of palaces of culture and club buildings in Siberia (Novosibirsk, Tomsk, Omsk)

The problem of renovation of club buildings in modern Russia dates back to the 1990s. However, significant reforms in the sphere of cultural objects occurred only in 2013. In order to preserve and improve the existing system of club buildings, it is necessary to update knowledge in the field of club building construction in Siberia.The article studies the formation of Siberian club building in the Soviet and modern theory of architecture. The studies of urban planning and regional architecture of Siberian club buildings distinguish their influence on the development and construction of Siberian cities. Other investigations include the architectural style of club buildings. The latter are regarded as Stalinist architectural monuments, constructivism and creative concept ASNOVA-ARU.

Sticky Space: Toxicity and Time in a New England City

AbstractThis article theorises stickiness in the built environment by narrating the surfaces, histories, and religious temporalities of one clock factory turned strip club building in New Haven, Connecticut. The factory‐club building demonstrates the ways in which sticky relationality counters the smooth nostalgia demanded by heritage preservation and urban revitalisation efforts. From the radium that clung to the bones of the women who painted watches in the clock factory, to the stigma that clings to sex workers, and to the label of blight that clings to neighbourhoods, histories and values accumulate and structure our surroundings. How might sticky spaces gum up the progressive temporalities of capital accumulation? Utilising stickiness as texture and concept, this article is an enquiry into the ways that the built environment helps create, maintain, and contest the boundaries of stigma, toxicity, and time.

ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ АРХИТЕКТУРЫ СТОЛИЧНЫХ КЛУБОВ АНГЛИИ И РОССИИ НА РУБЕЖЕ XVII-XIX ВВ.

The article deals with the problem of organizing the environment of human cultural activity in the 18th century and the search for its solution by architects. The aim is to identify the features (functional, structural and other) of previously existing architectural objects (clubs) of the 18th-19th centuries. A comparative analysis of a number of the buildings (clubs) under study is carried out on the example of two large countries of the world, England and Russia. The buildings and premises adapted for clubs, which originally appeared in London, and later in St. Petersburg, are described. The article considers one of the first club facilities in St. Petersburg, the "English Club", which was formed by the "English Assembly" taking into account the historical roots of London clubs. On the basis of field studies and the study of preserved historical graphic materials, the characteristic stages of development and the peculiarities of the emergence of a new type of public club buildings for that time are revealed. Using a comparative and typological method, the authors describe the planning and functional features of the development of club architecture in "adapted clubs", which influenced the formation of their own type of building. The criteria for choosing a building adapted for a club are defined. These include: the presence of a spacious hall, a courtyard, an acceptable rental price, the presence of a large dining room, the importance of territorial location. With the help of the analysis, the principles of designing a club as its own type of building are formed.

Searching the Theatrical Architecture of the Future in the Projects of Lviv Architecture School

It would seem that at the beginning of the 21st century everything what had been predicted by the leading researchers of Lviv architecture school in the field of theatrical architecture was supposed to be implemented in Lviv as well as in the whole Ukraine. V. Proskuryakov, Yu. Bohdanova, B. Goy, I. Gumennyk, S. Ivanov-Kostetskyi, Z. Klymko, I. Kopylyak, R. Kubai, Yu. Filipchuk, K. Yanchuk and others. A whole series of the buildings has been designed; there were traditional theatrical buildings based on the prototypes as well as the projects of adjusting already existing historical spaces with the purpose of performing activity, moreover, modern views on the graphic solutions to cultural and entertainment institutions with traditional scenography were suggested. Among them, there are city halls, community halls, and landscape theatres, theatrical halls in club buildings, experimental theatres and studios. The designing activity was done in a historical, modern and futuristic style and was directed at arranging the environment for constructing theatrical space, developing mobile theatres in landscape environment, relocatable, detachable, touring and studio theatres. Everything what has been tested in Lviv during the last 17 years in experimental, competition and applied designing can be grouped based on five main directions: 1. Designing performed on the existing buildings. Among the most interesting ones, it is worth mentioning the designing of the concept of space arrangement in the assembly hall of the former research institute of radio-electric equipment for theatrically-performing needs of a leisure centre “Mi100” in Lviv and the project of renovating the assembly hall of the 1st building at Lviv Polytechnic National University with extending its theatrical function. As a part of the measures towards historical reconstruction, the projects of theatrical equipment in the defensive buildings of Lviv and Lutsk have been suggested. 2. Direction has been created by the theatre projects for rock concerts and exhibitions which were designed in the natural landscapes. 3. Direction should include the experiments with theatres-studios. For example, the design of a new television studio “Tonis” in Kyiv is arranged in a way of a modern analogue of a historical main stage. 4. One should include designing theatrical buildings for national communities: a theatre for the Jewish community and working out the concept of the project of a Polish theatre in Lviv. 5. One - conceptual design which has grown from the ideas of a worldwide-known architect and scenographer F. Kiesler and a stage artist Ye. Lysyk, which have been implemented into the projects of the theatres of kinetic projections and scenographic solutions to the pavilions at Prague Quadrennials. It seems that the mentioned above ideas and particular projects are not very much different from the ideas which were being generated by the school on the verge of the 20th and the 21st centuries, however, it only seems like that at first glance. During the recent years, the artistic palette of the theatrical activity has hardly noticeably been revived in Ukraine which has been reflected positively on the quality and genre variety of works of Lviv architecture school.

Letter to the Editor

I enjoyed reading Horatio Joyce's “Disharmony in the Clubhouse” in JSAH 78, no. 4 (December 2019), as it brings new insights on Gilded Age design. However, I must bring to the author's attention an error concerning Harry Allan Jacobs. Joyce refers to Jacobs as a “graduate of the École des Beaux-Arts and a recipient of the Prix de Rome” (432), relying on the biographical dictionary prepared by Henry F. and Ethel Rathburn Withey, who themselves relied on undependable newspaper obituaries.Jacobs received his PhB in architecture from Columbia University in 1894 and a McKim Traveling Scholarship in 1897 (allowing him to study at the American Academy in Rome), but he was never admitted to the architecture section of the Paris École des Beaux-Arts. There is no entry under his name in the authoritative Dictionnaire des élèves architectes de l'École des beaux-arts de Paris (1800–1968) (https://agorha.inha.fr/inhaprod/ark:/54721/0017). The Society of Beaux-Arts Architects listed him among its “associate members” who had spent at least a year in a Paris atelier without entering the École's second class. Jacobs, who studied in the Atelier Paulin in 1896, thus could not claim the official title of ancien élève, which the École conferred on anyone who passed its entrance exam. As stated in “American Architecture Students in Belle Epoque Paris: Scholastic Strategies and Achievements at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts,” an article I wrote with Marie-Laure Crosnier Leconte for the Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era (12, no. 2, April 2013): “The claim of many American architects to have ‘studied’ at the Ecole has often misled historians. Those having completed the full curriculum with a thesis or diplôme are the only ones who deserved the title of Ecole ‘graduates’” (158).Remaining vague or embellishing one's studies in a Parisian atelier, deliberately or otherwise, has been a rather pervasive (and pernicious) practice in American architectural history. Fortunately, setting the record straight has become far easier with the Dictionnaire des élèves architectes and the digitization of period directories. Realizing that Jacobs's position in the Beaux-Arts academic ladder was not so high strengthens Joyce's argument that, despite his membership on the Harmonie Club's building committee, Jacobs helped steer the commission toward McKim, Mead & White (432). I would also add that selecting the newly formed firm of Herts & Tallant for the 1898 remodeling of the Harmonie Club (428) must have related not only to the fact that Henry Beaumont Herts, an ancien élève with a modest École transcript, was Jewish but also to the stellar École record of Hugh Tallant—the fourth U.S. citizen who “graduated” from the École des Beaux-Arts when he received his diplôme in December 1896.

Assess the Rural Youth Extent of Participation in Rural Developmental Activities Coimbatore District of Tamil Nadu - An Overview

The extent of participation in rural developmental activities of rural youth in the development process is essential in order to bring the changes in socio-economic structure and improving the quality of life. The place of rural youth class is more peculiar and important for the future of country. Rural youth are the precious human assets who can play an important role in the development of agriculture and other allied activities. Youths can make their productive contribution to national development and through which society can benefit from the idealism and the sense of dedication of youth at the same time, they also occasionally involved in extent of participation in rural developmental activities in a village side like village sanitation, construction of youth club building, afforestation activities and natural calamity relief work etc., Since such a kind of rural developmental activities are increases their self-esteem, self-confidence, motivation and aspiration to give them a sense of identity and of being needed by the society. India has rich rural youth potential. The population of rural youth in developmental activities contribute to national development. Hence, the above facts revealed that the participation of youth in rural development activities is very significant and essential phenomena. Therefore, this attempt was made in Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu with the 200 sample size of rural youth respondents. Cent per cent of the respondents have taken up activities related with adult literacy programme, construction of school building, afforestation activities and other social cultural activities. With regard to the adult literacy programme most of the respondents (93.00 per cent) stated that they have regularly participated in the related activities. Almost a similar percentage of the respondents have also regularly participated in the activities related with social cultural programme (94.50 per cent), construction of school building (89.50 per cent), afforestation activities (87.50 per cent), whereas the other respondents have participated in the above activities either occasionally or rarely.

Report for Maintenance Air Cooled Chiller Power Ciat 2800X

In this report, the maintenance of the chiller ciat to feed the cooling capacity of the presidency of Al-Nahrain University and the student club buildings was achieved. The chiller ciat was repaired and operated by using the planning study for the maintenance and complete all faults that leads to stop the chiller from working. The results for repairing are very good and the chilled water temperature is (7 oC) to feed the air handling units, which gives the cold air inside the building to all facilities such as (offices, and hallways). According to the maintenance of the chiller ciat was utilized the best material and with cheap prices, which were brought from the local markets, such as: gat valve to open/close the chilled water that exit from the evaporator to the pumps, air vents, filters, ball bearing type (NSK-Poland) and it size was (6005Z). For repairing the package unit of the computerize center in the student club building was invented a new method that leads to cool this place with facilities such as (offices, and hallways). A better performance was achieved for the output chilled water from the chiller and the air handling units are able to give a cooled air to all facilities inside the buildings. This report is one of the first maintenance studies to repair the chiller ciat with these problems in very hot atmosphere. Where is utilized some procedure for the first time to prepare the air cooling for all offices in buildings.

Arhitekt Dušan Babić - rekonstrukcija identiteta

To this day, the Belgrade oeuvre of architect Dušan Babić has not been subjected to broader historiographic research, making the elements of his architectural vocabulary all the more difficult to define and evaluate. The available archival material does provide valuable insights into the life of architect Babić and his works in the capital of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia between 1927 and 1946. He produced over fifty designs for residential and mixed use buildings (comprising both commercial and residential space), several churches and the crematorium in Belgrade, simultaneously participating in at least ten big state competitions with notable entries, such as the designs for the Terazije slope, the Princes' Palace in the Dedinje Royal Compound, the Veterans Club building, etc. In the diversity of movements, styles and trends developing in Serbia between the two world wars as a result of the surge of predominantly West European cultural influences, the application and modification of modern architecture principles formed the mainstay of Babić's creative endevours. Stereometric forms, cubic volumes, unadorned facades, and strict lines were refined with often more freely interpreted bas-relief ornamentation, free standing sculptures or geometric forms. Babić made an effort to turn each and every structure into a unique architectural experience, especially by dynamically interpreted drawings of perspective and accentuated details.

Extra Free Paper

Surgical PracticeVolume 23, Issue S1 p. 11-17 Extra Free Paper Extra Free Paper First published: 16 September 2019 https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-1633.12388Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume23, IssueS1Special Issue: RCSEd/CSHK Conjoint Scientific Congress Advances & Innovations in Surgery, 21–22 September 2019, HKAM Jockey Club Building, Aberdeen, Hong KongSeptember 2019Pages 11-17 RelatedInformation

Motion Picture

Surgical PracticeVolume 23, Issue S1 p. 7-10 Motion Picture Motion Picture First published: 16 September 2019 https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-1633.12387Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume23, IssueS1Special Issue: RCSEd/CSHK Conjoint Scientific Congress Advances & Innovations in Surgery, 21–22 September 2019, HKAM Jockey Club Building, Aberdeen, Hong KongSeptember 2019Pages 7-10 RelatedInformation

Organizational Commitment in Sports Clubs

It is thought that the sustainability of organizations is closely related to the fact that management levels have up-to-date knowledge specific to their respective fields and their ability to conduct their activities in the best possible way. It is believed that what creates the power of this focal point is the sense of belonging to the institutions. The aim of this study is to determine the level of organizational commitment of managers in sports clubs through seven different variables. In this study, the Meyer–Allen (1984) organizational commitment scale was used. The translation of this scale was compared to several scale translations, and no difference in meaning was observed. The scale consists of 18 questions with three sub-dimensions, namely emotional commitment, continuity dependence, and normative commitment. Questions 1–6 were related to emotional commitment, 7–12 dealt with continuation commitment, and 13–18 dealt with normative commitment. The scale is structured according to 5-point Likert scale. While preparing the personal information, support was provided by psychosocial academicians of sports. The study sample involved eleven sport managers from the Super League clubs, eleven from the first league teams, nine from the second league teams, nine from the third league teams, fifteen from the Regional Amateur League (RAL) league teams, and nineteen from the amateur sports clubs. Thus, a total of 74 sports managers participated in the survey. The surveys were constructed in the sports club buildings and in the presence of the managers. The questionnaires were conducted by the footballers who were serving in the sampled clubs. The SPSS 21 package program was used to analyze the data obtained. The Explore test, Mann–Whitney U test, and the Kruskal–Wallis test were employed for the analyses of the variables. At the end of these analyses it is understood that the age of the employees in the clubs, the term of duty, the wages they receive and the age of the club do not significantly affect the level of organizational commitment. Besides, It has been seen that the league, where the club is located, the level of duty of the managers, and having a regular time in the club affect the level of organizational commitment.

Reading Huts as Centers of Enlightenment for the Rural Population of the South Urals in the 1930s

ABSTRACT In the 1930s, the Soviet government undertook great efforts to promote literacy and awareness in the countryside. Workers at cultural and educational institutions were entrusted with carrying out this task. The article analyzes the condition and historical development of izby-chital’ny [known in English as village “reading huts”] in the regions of the South Urals as centers of education and propaganda in rural areas. Little attention has been paid to this topic in the regional historiography. It is shown that there was a more extensive network of reading huts in the Chelyabinsk Region than in the Orenburg Region. The article explores how these reading huts mainly functioned throughout the region and what activities were commonly practiced at this institution. These included, among others, reading aloud newspapers and fiction that were intended for illiterate and minimally literate audiences, hosting reader conferences, and providing knigonoshestvo [a service of book delivery]. The article uncovers the main problems that faced reading huts in the region: insufficient funding, the expropriation of club buildings in a number of towns for purposes of grain storage, lack of equipment and furnishings, etc. Finding staff was perhaps the biggest problem that these institutions faced. Nevertheless, the mass popularization of this political and ideological institution was decisive to the formation of the Soviet citizen.

Life cycle assessment of PV‐battery systems for a cloakroom and club building in Zurich

AbstractThe Office for Building Engineering of the City of Zurich plans the construction of a cloakroom and club building. The building and the floodlights of the surrounding soccer fields use electricity mainly in the evening. That is why the installation of a photovoltaic (PV) system in combination with a battery storage system is evaluated in the pre‐project phase. The environmental footprint of the PV system with multi‐crystalline silicon modules and of current, future, and second‐life lithium‐ion batteries is quantified within the life cycle assessment of the building. The self‐consumption share of PV electricity increases from 31% to 62% if a 60 kWp PV system is complemented by a 100 kWh battery storage. The complementary grid electricity mix strongly influences the environmental impacts of electricity consumed by the cloakroom and club building. The installation of a PV system and a battery storage leads to a 10% to 17% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions compared with the full coverage of the electricity demand by the average Swiss supply mix. The addition of a current battery system does not yield any further reduction compared with the “PV only” option. With the renewable electricity mix of the City of Zurich, the installation of a PV system and a battery storage leads to higher environmental impacts of the electricity consumed by the cloakroom and club building, irrespective of the type of battery used. A future increase in energy density, production optimisations, and second‐life batteries bear a significant potential to reduce the environmental impacts of battery storage systems.

6-2-3 楽省!BEMSの開発とフィットネス施設への導入事例の報告(Session 6-2 エネルギーマネージメントI)

6-2-3 楽省!BEMSの開発とフィットネス施設への導入事例の報告(Session 6-2 エネルギーマネージメントI)

Network Data Fusion Technology of Physical Movements Based on Direct Current Meta-Data

Aim at China occupation basketball club, to carry out detail investigation and analysis from the club building mode, management mode and fund sources and other aspects. Through the 15 occupation basketball club to carry out analyze, using statistical methods are compared from our existing occupation basketball club development present situation, at the same time to calculate Chinese occupation basketball club satisfaction. Finally, according to the analysis of the findings, to propose some methods of China occupation basketball club development, such as improving the position of market main body, accelerating the club management system and improving its business philosophy, to provide certain reference for China occupation basketball club embarked on the professional road.

Design Exploration of the Club Building in Lingnan-Case Study on the Tennis-badminton Center Club in Guangzhou

Design Exploration of the Club Building in Lingnan-Case Study on the Tennis-badminton Center Club in Guangzhou