Cloud Storage Services Research Articles

Cloud Storage Service using Personal Desktop Computer

Given the current state of technology, as a group in the classroom, we often run into the problem of teachers struggling with the files and notes needed for their lectures. Teachers also bring USB sticks to access notes and files. We decided to set up a cloud storage service specifically for our college. Teachers can access files at once. The technology being used here is going to be NAS (Network attached storage systems) Organize various subject notes in one place to save time searching for files. Students can access files uploaded to the system. In today's world, the world of cloud computing has become more sophisticated. Would you like to take advantage of such cloud enhanced technology? Cloud computing is one the most important advancements in the world and we must be able to use it at full potential. These innovations often make our lives easier. The goal is to provide similar services to our teachers, friends and other colleges.

Own Cloud Storage Using Raspberry Pi

The research proposes a solution to the problem of relying on third-party cloud storage services like Dropbox, Google Drive, and iCloud. The proposed solution involves creating a personal cloud storage using a Raspberry Pi and an external hard drive. This way, the user can have full control over their data and determine the amount of memory they need for storage. One of the main concerns with using third-party cloud storage services is security. By creating a personal cloud storage using Raspberry Pi, the user can ensure that their data is secure and not accessible to other users. Additionally, the user does not have to pay a hefty amount of money to use these services, as they can use their own external hard drive as a cloud storage device. To access the data stored in the external hard drive, the research suggests using ownCloud. This way, the user can access their data from any device with an internet connection, making it easy and convenient to use. Overall, the proposed solution offers a practical and cost-effective alternative to relying on third-party cloud storage services. Key Word: Cloud storage, Low-cost, Raspberry Pi.

DUAL ACCESS CONTROL FOR CLOUD BASED DATA STORAGE AND SHARING

Due to its effective and affordable administration, cloud-based data storage has recently attracted growing interest from academia and business. As services are delivered via an open network, it is critical for service providers to adopt secure data storage and sharing mechanisms to protect user privacy and the confidentiality of data. The most popular technique for preventing the compromise of sensitive data is encryption. The practical necessity for data management, however, cannot be adequately addressed by just encrypting data. Moreover, a strong access control over download requests should be taken into account to prevent Economic Denial of Sustainability attacks from being conducted to prevent users from using the service. Each of the two dual access control systems is intended for a different planned context.We create a technique for controlling download requests without sacrificing security or effectiveness. There is also a presentation of the systems' experimental and security analyses. Keywords: Cloud-based data sharing, Access Control, Cloud Storage Service, Attribute Based Encryption.

Modern cloud technology in choral vocal training: the use of cloud storage services

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to assess the effectiveness of using cloud storage services as a means to facilitate the rehearsal process in online choral vocal education. Third-year students from three Chinese educational institutions participated in this study. Thus, this research involved a total number of 336 people (320 students and 16 teachers). Accordingly, students were divided into two groups based on the training approach. The first one, Group A, consisted of students who received choral vocal training under the conventional program without the application of online platforms and cloud storage services. The second one, Group B, included students who received education using technology-enabled training methods. They participated in choral rehearsals on Zoom using multimedia materials from Google Drive. According to the results of the final assessment, Group B performed better than Group A; the difference in the average performance score was 5% between the two groups.

Privacy-Preserving Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Search over Encrypted Data in Cloud Storage

Cloud storage is one of the cloud computing services which allows data users to store their data remotely to the cloud. Thus, most individuals, institutions, and organizations are outsourcing their data to the cloud. Most popular cloud-based storage services are Amazon S3, Google Drive, Microsoft Azure, Apple iCloud, Dropbox, etc. Cloud storage service brings significant benefits to data owners, say, (1) reducing capital and management costs (2) reducing cloud users’ burden of storage management and equipment maintenance, (3) avoiding investing a large amount of hardware, (4) accessing data over the Internet from any location from any devices such as desktop computers, laptops, tablets, and smartphones which offers increased flexibility and accessibility.

Reliable Techniques for Providing Secure Access Control for Cloud Storage on Mobile Devices

This research focuses on the development of a credible access control method for mobile device cloud storage. The proposed method involves a six-step process, including user registration and login, key generation, data encryption and upload, authentication theory between mobile devices, and data download and decryption. The method incorporates the use of mobile TPM (Trusted Platform Module) chips to ensure trust chain transmission during key exchange. Additionally, encryption based on elliptic curve cryptography is employed to reduce the key length and facilitate secure key sharing among multiple mobile devices. The proposed method offers enhanced security and reliability compared to conventional data encryption methods provided by cloud storage service providers, with minimal interaction data and increased confidence level. It holds significant practical value and exhibits a wide range of potential applications in the field of cloud storage security technology.

VR-PEKS: A Verifiable and Resistant to Keyword Guess Attack Public Key Encryption with Keyword Search Scheme

Public key encryption with keyword search (PEKS) allows users to perform keyword searches of ciphertext on untrusted cloud storage servers, protecting data privacy while sharing data. However, it faces several security problems in practical applications. First, an attacker can launch a keyword guessing attack to obtain keywords of interest to users, causing the leakage of their sensitive information. Second, untrusted cloud servers may return incorrect or incomplete results. In addition, with the continuous development of quantum computers, existing PEKS schemes face the problem of quantum attacks. Since cloud servers are mostly untrusted, verifiable search has become a hot research topic among scholars. However, most of the current schemes are based on bilinear pairing constructions, which are vulnerable to quantum attacks. To solve these problems, we propose a new ciphertext retrieval scheme based on fully homomorphic encryption (FHE), called VR-PEKS. This scheme implements verifiable search and is able to solve the problems of keyword guessing attacks and quantum attacks. We propose to improve the security of the scheme by using the oblivious pseudorandom function to randomize keywords and then encrypt them using FHE. An encrypted verified index structure is constructed and exposed by the data owner, enabling the data recipient to achieve verification of the correctness and integrity of the retrieved results without relying on a trusted third party. We demonstrate the security of the proposed scheme in a stochastic prediction model, and prove that our scheme satisfies keyword ciphertext indistinguishability and keyword trapdoor indistinguishability under adaptive keyword selection attacks. The comparison shows that our scheme is secure and feasible.

Multi-cloud service provision based on decision tree and two-layer Restricted Monte Carlo Tree Search

Compared with traditional service provision methods, cloud computing has many advantages, such as on-demand services and flexible pricing systems, attracting widespread attention from both academia and industry. However, the abundance of cloud services makes it difficult for users to choose suitable ones. Furthermore, the cloud is usually a dynamically changing execution environment, requiring users to constantly switch service carriers for the best experience. Therefore, to improve the efficiency of service interactions in a multi-cloud environment and cope with the high concurrency demands, this paper proposes a multi-agent and distributed broker-based cloud service provisioning model. Equipped with a decision tree-based user preference learning module, brokers in the proposed model can continuously adjust their resource introduction strategy through training on historical data. In the process of cloud service interaction, brokers select the best cost-effective service for users within a limited time through a two-layer Restricted Monte Carlo Tree Search (RMTCS) algorithm. This paper develops a multi-cloud service interconnection system based on the Libcloud framework. Shielding the different interfaces of different cloud service providers in cloud virtual machine and storage services provides the most suitable services for users and realizes the unified cloud federation service supply. The experiment results prove that the proposed model achieves better performance over the traditional methods and can better meet the service requirements of users.

Information security and technical issues of cloud storage services: a qualitative study on university students in Hong Kong

PurposeAlthough cloud storage services can bring users valuable convenience, they can be technically complex and intrinsically insecure. Therefore, this research explores the concerns of academic users regarding cloud security and technical issues and how such problems may influence their continuous use in daily life.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative study used a semi-structured interview approach comprising six main open-ended questions to explore the information security and technical issues for the continuous use of cloud storage services by 20 undergraduate students in Hong Kong.FindingsThe analysis revealed cloud storage service users' major security and technical concerns, particularly synchronization and backup issues, were the most significant technical barrier to the continuing personal use of cloud storage services.Originality/valueExisting literature has focused on how cloud computing services could bring benefits and security and privacy-related risks to organizations rather than security and technical issues of personal use, especially in the Asian academic context.

Blockchain-based auditing with data self-repair: From centralized system to distributed storage

Cloud storage provides data owners with massive storage and computing resources. To release from heavy data management and maintenance, more and more data owners are willing to outsource data to cloud. However, the data stored in cloud are out of the control of data owners, and may be corrupted and unretrievable. To solve the above problem, this paper proposes a decentralized auditing scheme BVA for the single cloud storage server, and an extended batch auditing scheme E-BVA for distributed storage. Firstly, BVA and E-BVA utilize vector commitment technology to realize lightweight data integrity auditing for outsourced data. Secondly, to avoid privacy and performance risks caused by the third party auditor, both BVA and E-BVA employ a smart contract on the blockchain as an auditor to perform data integrity auditing. Thirdly, both schemes support the verifiability between outsourced data and their corresponding authenticators, which prevents malicious data owners framing cloud storage servers and avoid subsequent dispute arbitration. Finally, based on regenerating code, E-BVA supports data self-repair of corrupted servers, while protecting the privacy of outsourced data and realizing the lightweight computation. The security and performance analyses demonstrate the security and efficiency of BVA and E-BVA.

InfiniStore: Elastic Serverless Cloud Storage

Cloud object storage such as AWS S3 is cost-effective and highly elastic but relatively slow, while high-performance cloud storage such as AWS ElastiCache is expensive and provides limited elasticity. We present a new cloud storage service called ServerlessMemory, which stores data using the memory of serverless functions. ServerlessMemory employs a sliding-window-based memory management strategy inspired by the garbage collection mechanisms used in the programming language to effectively segregate hot/cold data and provides fine-grained elasticity, good performance, and a pay-per-access cost model with extremely low cost. We then design and implement InfiniStore, a persistent and elastic cloud storage system, which seamlessly couples the function-based ServerlessMemory layer with a persistent, inexpensive cloud object store layer. InfiniStore enables durability despite function failures using a fast parallel recovery scheme built on the auto-scaling functionality of a FaaS (Function-as-a-Service) platform. We evaluate InfiniStore extensively using both microbenchmarking and two real-world applications. Results show that InfiniStore has more performance benefits for objects larger than 10 MB compared to AWS ElastiCache and Anna, and InfiniStore achieves 26.25% and 97.24% tenant-side cost reduction compared to InfiniCache and ElastiCache, respectively.

Provable Multiple-Copy Integrity Auditing Scheme for Cloud-Based IoT

Cloud-based Internet of Things systems facilitate cloud storage and provide cloud users with convenient data outsourcing service, although there are a number of associated risks to the users (e.g., an untrusted cloud server or their employee/vendor may delete rarely accessed data). In order to ensure that the cloud server stores the data correctly, users need to verify the integrity of remote data periodically. Most of the existing public auditing protocols only considered storing single copy on the cloud; in this case, the loss of users is irreparable when the data are damaged. Subsequently, some multicopy auditing schemes have been proposed where users can store multiple replicas on the cloud. However, it can be challenging to check the integrity of all the copies without incurring significant computation overheads for the auditor/user. Hence, this article proposes a provable multicopy integrity auditing scheme (PMCIA), which reduces the verification cost of the auditor to several lightweight hash operations. Using the medical settings (e.g., where electronic health records containing sensitive information of patients need to be preprocessed before outsourcing storage) as a use case, we explain how our proposed scheme can be deployed. Specifically, to minimize computation overhead for users (e.g., patients), we introduce a hospital information center to help patients generate multiple copies and corresponding tags. We then prove the security under the computational Diffie–Hellman assumption as well as evaluate the performance of our PMCIA scheme. Finally, we explain how PMCIA can be extended to support batch auditing to improve auditing efficiency for multiple auditing tasks.

Token-Revocation Access Control to Cloud-Hosted Energy Optimization Utility for Environmental Sustainability

To increase the usage of renewable energy, it is vital to maximize local energy production by properly combining various renewable-energy sources by collecting their data and storing it on the cloud. The energy optimization utility, which is used for making decisions to optimize renewable-energy resources, is hosted on the cloud to benefit from cloud capabilities in data storage. Hosting such sensitive data and utilities on the cloud has created some cybersecurity challenges. This paper presents a new token-revocation access control (TR-AC) which revokes the authorization of malicious users before authorizing them to access cloud-hosted energy optimization utilities. TR-AC employs a set of multi-authorities to measure the authentic level for each authenticated user. Although the user is authenticated to access the online system, this authentication can be revoked to utilize the energy optimization utility based on the user’s level of authentication. The cloud storage servers are not fully trusted and, therefore, have no control over access controls. Finally, the proposed TR-AC has been proven to be secure against any attacker that is not authentic according to Diffie-Hellman assumptions. In addition, performance analysis has proven that the time elapsed for both encryption and decryption in TR-AC is very small compared with previously introduced schemes. Therefore, it will not affect the performance of the cloud-hosted system.

Secured and Privacy-Preserving Multi-Authority Access Control System for Cloud-Based Healthcare Data Sharing

With continuous advancements in Internet technology and the increased use of cryptographic techniques, the cloud has become the obvious choice for data sharing. Generally, the data are outsourced to cloud storage servers in encrypted form. Access control methods can be used on encrypted outsourced data to facilitate and regulate access. Multi-authority attribute-based encryption is a propitious technique to control who can access encrypted data in inter-domain applications such as sharing data between organizations, sharing data in healthcare, etc. The data owner may require the flexibility to share the data with known and unknown users. The known or closed-domain users may be internal employees of the organization, and unknown or open-domain users may be outside agencies, third-party users, etc. In the case of closed-domain users, the data owner becomes the key issuing authority, and in the case of open-domain users, various established attribute authorities perform the task of key issuance. Privacy preservation is also a crucial requirement in cloud-based data-sharing systems. This work proposes the SP-MAACS scheme, a secure and privacy-preserving multi-authority access control system for cloud-based healthcare data sharing. Both open and closed domain users are considered, and policy privacy is ensured by only disclosing the names of policy attributes. The values of the attributes are kept hidden. Characteristic comparison with similar existing schemes shows that our scheme simultaneously provides features such as multi-authority setting, expressive and flexible access policy structure, privacy preservation, and scalability. The performance analysis carried out by us shows that the decryption cost is reasonable enough. Furthermore, the scheme is demonstrated to be adaptively secure under the standard model.

IoT-Based Smart Air Conditioner as a Preventive in the Post-COVID-19 Era: A Review

The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to physical objects with sensors, computing power, software, and other technologies that communicate and exchange data with other devices, platforms, and systems over the Internet or other communication networks. Remarkable developments in IoT have paved the way for new possibilities, enabling the creation and automation of innovative services and advanced applications and constituting a collection of crucial enabling technologies for smart homes. In this New-Normal Era, the concept of an IoT-based Smart Air Conditioner (AC) as a Preventive Effort against COVID-19 is a proposed innovation and application. The Smart AC is designed based on the analysis of existing problems and is equipped with literature obtained in the study. The purpose of this study is to review the research literature on IoT-enabled Smart AC to emphasize the main trends and open problems of integrating IoT technology to create sustainable and efficient Smart homes. The IoT-based Smart AC was designed and equipped with air quality filter features, human sensors, temperature control, voice control, Cloud Storage, and Solar Panel services that can be controlled via smartphone devices. From the framework and study results, the IoT offers many benefits. The IoT-based Smart AC concept is one step ahead of existing AC products.

Enhanced Symmetric Convergent Encryption for Secured Data Deduplication in Cloud

Cloud storage is a virtual setting that includes an amazing amount of processing power. The resources are in a state where they can serve users. Cloud data centres are the locations where all of this computing is maintained. In order to produce high-performance computing, the data centre houses a sizable number of powerful computers and servers connected to one another. The physical computer resources housed in the cloud data centre are accessible to the user via virtualization. To provide a convergent encryption method that will enhance data security while reducing deduplication's impact on security, encryption, and decryption times. Convergent encryption is used to prevent duplicating data, but the key used to encrypt data for the first time is kept up to date and distributed to all users who have same or closely related content of data to upload to the cloud storage. In an open cloud environment, it's crucial to distribute the key to all users. When using cloud storage services, users encountered numerous issues.

A Smartwatch System for Continuous Monitoring of Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults After Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: Application Design Study.

The prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) increases with age and can lead to stroke. Therefore, older adults may benefit the most from AF screening. However, older adult populations tend to lag more than younger groups in the adoption of, and comfort with, the use of mobile health (mHealth) apps. Furthermore, although mobile apps that can detect AF are available to the public, most are designed for intermittent AF detection and for younger users. No app designed for long-term AF monitoring has released detailed system design specifications that can handle large data collections, especially in this age group. This study aimed to design an innovative smartwatch-based AF monitoring mHealth solution in collaboration with older adult participants and clinicians. The Pulsewatch system is designed to link smartwatches and smartphone apps, a website for data verification, and user data organization on a cloud server. The smartwatch in the Pulsewatch system is designed to continuously monitor the pulse rate with embedded AF detection algorithms, and the smartphone in the Pulsewatch system is designed to serve as the data-transferring hub to the cloud storage server. We implemented the Pulsewatch system based on the functionality that patients and caregivers recommended. The user interfaces of the smartwatch and smartphone apps were specifically designed for older adults at risk for AF. We improved our Pulsewatch system based on feedback from focus groups consisting of patients with stroke and clinicians. The Pulsewatch system was used by the intervention group for up to 6 weeks in the 2 phases of our randomized clinical trial. At the conclusion of phase 1, 90 trial participants who had used the Pulsewatch app and smartwatch for 14 days completed a System Usability Scale to assess the usability of the Pulsewatch system; of 88 participants, 56 (64%) endorsed that the smartwatch app is "easy to use." For phases 1 and 2 of the study, we collected 9224.4 hours of smartwatch recordings from the participants. The longest recording streak in phase 2 was 21 days of consecutive recordings out of the 30 days of data collection. This is one of the first studies to provide a detailed design for a smartphone-smartwatch dyad for ambulatory AF monitoring. In this paper, we report on the system's usability and opportunities to increase the acceptability of mHealth solutions among older patients with cognitive impairment. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03761394; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03761394. RR2-10.1016/j.cvdhj.2021.07.002.

Efficient Causal Access in Geo-Replicated Storage Systems

We consider a setting where applications, such as websites or games, need causal access to objects available in geo-replicated cloud data stores. Common ways of implementing causal consistency involve hiding objects while waiting for their dependencies or waiting for server replicas to synchronize. To minimize delays and retrieve objects faster, applications may try to reach different server replicas at once. This entails a cost because providers charge for each reading request, including reading misses where the causal copy of the object is unavailable. Therefore, latency and cost are conflicting goals, which we control by selecting where to read and when. We formulate this challenge as a multi-criteria optimization problem and propose five non-dominated reading strategies, four of which are Pareto optimal, in a setting constrained to two server replicas. We validate these solutions on the following real cloud storage services: AWS S3, DynamoDB and MongoDB. Savings of as much as 50% on reading costs, with no significant or even a positive impact on latency, demonstrate that both clients and cloud providers could benefit from richer services compatible with these retrieval strategies.

Secure Internet of Things (IoT) using a novel Brooks Iyengar quantum Byzantine Agreement-centered blockchain Networking (BIQBA-BCN) model in smart healthcare

Smart Health Care offers efficient, sustainable, along with real-time human services, and the concept of enhanced Internet of Things (IoT) lies behind the emergence of this smart Health Care (HC). Nevertheless, the association of these IoT-centric sensors with other organizations generates security threats that an illegal user might utilize it owing to the data’s openness. In the HC sector, data security and privacy are the prime concern in which the alteration in data values as sensors could modify the diagnosis process, which may cause serious health problems. The immutability and transparency of the blockchain make it a viable option for the safe storage and management of healthcare data. However, the Cloud Storage Server (CSS), consensus latency, majority attacks, Byzantine problem, uncomfortable data Throughput (TP), et cetera, make the blockchain vulnerable to healthcare data transmission. To solve the current disadvantages, a secure IoT was introduced in healthcare using Brooks Iyengar Quantum Byzantine Agreement-centered Blockchain Networking (BIQBA-BCN). This study ensures the sincerity and equity of health data exchange. Based on Blum Blum Shub and Okamoto Uchiyana Cryptosystem (OUCS) mutual authentica1tion, the proposed work provides an OUCS-based mutual authentication system (BBS-OUC). Attackers are prevented from entering the BCN, ensuring the storage remains trustworthy. In addition, the Key Weight Block Function-Quasi-Cyclic Moderate Density Parity Check (KWBF-QCMDPC) algorithm safeguards the confidentiality and dependability of IoT user data. The cryptosystem technique protects sensitive data when the blockchain platform is distributed. The proposed methodology, known as BIQBA-BCN, results in a security level that is %94 effective. Finally, the BIQBA-BC consensus mechanism is used to distribute data to the corresponding Hospital Server (HS). By achieving a higher data TP, lower delay, higher Success Rate (SR), shorter consensus latency, and node communication time, the experimental results show that the proposed methodology is exceptionally safe against assaults and highly scalable.

A Lightweight and Efficient Remote Data Authentication Protocol Over Cloud Storage Environment

Cloud storage services need cost-effective, independent, and scalable functionality to manage data. Cloud repositories provide an opportunity to manage and access essential data conveniently. This article proposes a secure authentication protocol to resolve these issues. To add a convenient sharing of data controlled by a data delegator, we use symmetric encryption and decryption algorithms in which cloud servers encrypt and decrypt the data to control the accessibility of the user. Furthermore, informal security analysis demonstrates that our devised protocol is robust enough to resist various attacks. We present the formal analysis of security using the Random Oracle Model (ROM) to evaluate and prove the security strength of the devised protocol. The proposed and related protocols have been implemented on an online cloud server named PythonAnywhere with PyCrypto and Time libraries using Python with the help of a system that has predefined specifications to compare the performance. The results show that our scheme has feasible computation, storage, communication, and energy efficiency compared to various related protocols.