Cloud-based Healthcare Services Research Articles

Recent advances of ECG monitoring and webserver health monitoring applications: A review

In response to recent improvements in mobile technology and cloud computing-based real-time monitoring systems, numerous cloud-based healthcare services and devices have been developed. In the cloud system, it is feasible to collect and distribute medical data immediately from anywhere to medical specialists, and patients can receive network-based feedback. This paper reviews the most recent developments and trends in wearable technology and biomedical equipment (mostly ECG), as well as the development of a cloud-based solution for mobile device and web browser users. The system contains ECG enhancement, ECG quality grading, and ECG parameter extraction methods. A use case was utilized to showcase the system, in which a web server processed ECG data from a mobile phone in real-time. The system has been proved to be functional, accurate, and efficient. We review the primary principles underlying the operation of the ECG and its fundamental operation, as well as the recording and transmission paradigm for ECG signals. Detailed processes were also provided for the system components, their configuration, and the employed technologies. In conclusion, we examine the complete study and the project's future scope.

Enhancing healthcare services through cloud service: a systematic review

Although cloud-based healthcare services are booming, in-depth research has not yet been conducted in this field. This study aims to address the shortcomings of previous research by analyzing all journal articles from the last five years using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) systematic literature review methodology. The findings of this study highlight the benefits of cloud-based healthcare services for healthcare providers and patients, including enhanced healthcare services, data security, privacy issues, and innovative information technology (IT) service delivery models. However, this study also identifies challenges associated with using cloud services in healthcare, such as security and privacy concerns, and proposes solutions to address these issues. This study concludes by discussing future research directions and the need for a complete solution that addresses the conflicting requirements of the security, privacy, efficiency, and scalability of cloud technologies in healthcare.

Deep reinforcement learning for QoS-driven cloud healthcare services selection: A framework and performance evaluation

In recent years, the smart city concept has become popular due to its ability to improve the quality of life for urban residents. Smart community, smart transportation, and smart healthcare are among the several fields the idea covers. Integrating cloud computing technology into the healthcare industry has revolutionized healthcare delivery, enabling efficient data storage, analysis, and remote access to critical medical resources. However, choosing high-quality healthcare services from many cloud service providers remains challenging. This study presents the Quality of Service-driven Cloud Healthcare Services Selection (QCHSS) framework, underpinned by deep reinforcement learning, to tackle the intricate challenge of optimizing cloud-based healthcare services. QCHSS prioritizes Quality of Service (QoS) criteria, elevating patient experiences and outcomes. Leveraging Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), particularly the Deep Q-network (DQN) technique, we intelligently select cloud healthcare services, resulting in substantial improvements in availability, reliability, energy efficiency, and throughput. This research not only advances cloud-based healthcare service selection but also underscores the transformative potential of DRL in complex decision-making processes, offering a significant contribution to the field and enhancing healthcare service quality.

Deploying Cloud-Based Healthcare Services

Healthcare of individuals is very important; hence, the healthcare data needs to be managed very professionally. These requirements have become more stringent with the population aging and the growing attention to healthcare by the people. Cloud computing has emerged as a prominent solution to the computing demands of healthcare organizations, and a number of cloud-based solutions are available in the market. However, different users of the healthcare systems have different expectations from the cloud, and these must be taken into account while migrating to cloud. This article presents the implications of cloud computing solutions for the present day healthcare scenario. Prominent cloud-based healthcare services have been presented along with their specific applications. Considering the different users of healthcare systems, a holistic approach has been presented for the deployment of a cloud-based healthcare system. The deployment approach is suitable for all different levels of the healthcare organizations.

Survey of Cloud Computing in Healthcare Sector

Today the volume of healthcare data generated increased rapidly because of the number of patients in each hospital increasing. These data are most important for decision making and delivering the best care for patients. Healthcare providers are now faced with collecting, managing, storing and securing huge amounts of sensitive protected health information. As a result, an increasing number of healthcare organizations are turning to cloud based services. Cloud computing offers a viable, secure alternative to premise based healthcare solutions. The infrastructure of Cloud is characterized by a high volume storage and a high throughput. The privacy and security are the two most important concerns in cloud-based healthcare services. Healthcare organization should have electronic medical records in order to use the cloud infrastructure. This paper surveys the challenges of cloud in healthcare and benefits of cloud techniques in health care industries.

High Bit-Depth Medical Image Compression With HEVC.

Efficient storing and retrieval of medical images has direct impact on reducing costs and improving access in cloud-based health care services. JPEG 2000 is currently the commonly used compression format for medical images shared using the DICOM standard. However, new formats such as high efficiency video coding (HEVC) can provide better compression efficiency compared to JPEG 2000. Furthermore, JPEG 2000 is not suitable for efficiently storing image series and 3-D imagery. Using HEVC, a single format can support all forms of medical images. This paper presents the use of HEVC for diagnostically acceptable medical image compression, focusing on compression efficiency compared to JPEG 2000. Diagnostically acceptable lossy compression and complexity of high bit-depth medical image compression are studied. Based on an established medically acceptable compression range for JPEG 2000, this paper establishes acceptable HEVC compression range for medical imaging applications. Experimental results show that using HEVC can increase the compression performance, compared to JPEG 2000, by over 54%. Along with this, a new method for reducing computational complexity of HEVC encoding for medical images is proposed. Results show that HEVC intra encoding complexity can be reduced by over 55% with negligible increase in file size.

An empirical study on acceptance of secure healthcare service in Malaysia, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia: a mobile cloud computing perspective

The advent of information and communication technology in healthcare sector has taken the world to a new pervasive horizon. Cloud computing is a ubiquitous way of information and data transfer. Implementation of cloud computing in daily healthcare operations can bring numerous benefits. However, there is a resistance towards the usage of this modern technology by healthcare organizations and staff due to lack of IT exposure, resources, infrastructure, patient data privacy, and security issues. Therefore, there is a need to provide an empirical evidence on how healthcare industry is responding to this new technology and to point out the factors that hinder its implementation in healthcare sector. In this paper, we aim to conduct an empirical study to investigate the behavioural intention of healthcare organizations’ staff, towards the usage of cloud-based healthcare services to carry out their daily jobs. We used unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) as a theoretical basis to test the predictors i.e. performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, and social influence in order to find the behavioural intention of the healthcare organizations’ staff. Age, experience, and gender were also studied as moderators to investigate their effect on the behavioural intention of the user. An online questionnaire-based survey was conducted with 147 healthcare professionals in Malaysia, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia. The results showed that social influence was the least influencing predictor in determining the dependent variable and the years of experience positively influenced user’s behavioural intentions towards using cloud-based healthcare services.

A Fog Based Middleware for Automated Compliance With OECD Privacy Principles in Internet of Healthcare Things

Cloud-based healthcare service with the Internet of Healthcare Things (IoHT) is a model for healthcare delivery for urban areas and vulnerable population that utilizes the digital communications and the IoHT to provide flexible opportunities to transform all the health data into workable, personalized health insights, and help attain wellness outside the traditional hospital setting. This model of healthcare Web services acts like a living organism, taking advantage of the opportunities afforded by running in cloud infrastructure to connect patients and providers anywhere and anytime to improve the quality of care, with the IoHT, acting as a central nervous system for this model that measures patients' vital statistics, constantly logging their health data, and report any abnormalities to the relevant healthcare provider. However, it is crucial to preserve the privacy of patients while utilizing this model so as to maintain their satisfaction and trust in the offered services. With the increasing number of cases for privacy breaches of healthcare data, different countries and corporations have issued privacy laws and regulations to define the best practices for the protection of personal health information. The health insurance portability and accountability act and the privacy principles established by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) are examples of such regulation frameworks. In this paper, we assert that utilizing the cloud-based healthcare services to generate accurate health insights are feasible, while preserving the privacy of the end-users' sensitive health information, which will be residing on a clear form only on his/her own personal gateway. To support this claim, the personal gateways at the end-users' side will act as intermediate nodes (called fog nodes) between the IoHT devices and the cloud-based healthcare services. In such solution, these fog nodes will host a holistic privacy middleware that executes a two-stage concealment process within a distributed data collection protocol that utilizes the hierarchical nature of the IoHT devices. This will unburden the constrained IoHT devices from performing intensive privacy preserving processes. Additionally, the proposed solution complies with one of the common privacy regulation frameworks for fair information practice in a natural and functional way-which is OECD privacy principles. We depicted how the proposed approach can be integrated into a scenario related to preserving the privacy of the users' health data that is utilized by a cloud-based healthcare recommender service in order to generate accurate referrals. Our holistic approach induces a straightforward solution with accurate results, which are beneficial to both end-users and service providers.

Cloud Computing and Healthcare Services

There is a significant volume of healthcare data generated daily. The data are important and vital for decision making and delivering the best care for patients. Cloud computing is a cost effective method that facilitates real-time data collection, data storage and exchange between healthcare organizations. Cloud infrastructure is characterized with a high throughput and a high volume storage; two important factors for efficient data analysis of large patients’ population. Security and privacy are of the major concerns for using cloud-based healthcare services. Healthcare organization should have electronic medical records in order to use the cloud infrastructure. In order to cope with the rapid advancements in information technology and the utilization of cloud based services, efforts should be dedicated to move healthcare data form the traditional paper based to the electronic format. Then, regional legislation and policies should be enacted to regulate and control the usage of healthcare data.

A Framework for Cloud-Based Healthcare Services to Monitor Noncommunicable Diseases Patient

Monitoring patients who have noncommunicable diseases is a big challenge. These illnesses require a continuous monitoring that leads to high cost for patients’ healthcare. Several solutions proposed reducing the impact of these diseases in terms of economic with respect to quality of services. One of the best solutions is mobile healthcare, where patients do not need to be hospitalized under supervision of caregivers. This paper presents a new hybrid framework based on mobile multimedia cloud that is scalable and efficient and provides cost-effective monitoring solution for noncommunicable disease patient. In order to validate the effectiveness of the framework, we also propose a novel evaluation model based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which incorporates some criteria from multiple decision makers in the context of healthcare monitoring applications. Using the proposed evaluation model, we analyzed three possible frameworks (proposed hybrid framework, mobile, and multimedia frameworks) in terms of their applicability in the real healthcare environment.

Cloud based intelligent system for delivering health care as a service

The promising potential of cloud computing and its convergence with technologies such as mobile computing, wireless networks, sensor technologies allows for creation and delivery of newer type of cloud services. In this paper, we advocate the use of cloud computing for the creation and management of cloud based health care services. As a representative case study, we design a Cloud Based Intelligent Health Care Service (CBIHCS) that performs real time monitoring of user health data for diagnosis of chronic illness such as diabetes. Advance body sensor components are utilized to gather user specific health data and store in cloud based storage repositories for subsequent analysis and classification. In addition, infrastructure level mechanisms are proposed to provide dynamic resource elasticity for CBIHCS. Experimental results demonstrate that classification accuracy of 92.59% is achieved with our prototype system and the predicted patterns of CPU usage offer better opportunities for adaptive resource elasticity.