Clotrimazole Vaginal Cream Research Articles

The Effect of Oral Cinnamon Capsule on the Treatment and Recurrence of Candidal Vaginitis: A Double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Vaginitis is one of the most common complaints in women around the world. Cinnamon is one of the medicinal plants for which there is contradictory evidence of its effect on vaginitis. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cinnamon on the treatment and recurrence of candidal vaginitis. Methods: We performed this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial from April to August 2014 in Tehran, Iran. Totally 120 women aged 15 to 45 years clinically and paraclinical approved candidiasis vaginitis were included by convenient sampling at first and then were randomly allocated to 2 groups. The intervention group received 2.5 g of cinnamon powder. The control group received 2.5 g of placebo. Both groups should apply a vaginal applicator of clotrimazole cream (1%) daily. Vaginitis symptoms were evaluated with the researcher-made questionnaire and checklist at baseline, 4th, and 7th days of the treatment. Recurrence was evaluated 2 months later. Results: A significant decrease was seen in itching (from 83% to 11%) (P-value = 0.001), burning (from 71% to 5%) (P-value = 0.003), suprapelvic pain (from 65% to 3.3%) (P-value = 0.001), dyspareunia (from 80% to 7%) (P-value = 0.001) on the 7th day of the treatment in the cinnamon group. In the placebo group, a significant decrease was shown in itching (from 90% to 20%) (P-value = 0.001), burning (from 81.7% to 8.3%) (P-value = 0.001), dyspareunia (from 78% to 35%) (P-value = 0.001) and suprapubic pain (from 68% to 16.7%) (P-value = 0.001). After 2 months, recurrence was 45% in the cinnamon group (P-value = 0.001), but it was 71.7% in the placebo group (P-value = 0.003). No adverse effects of cinnamon were recorded. Conclusions: The efficacy of oral cinnamon capsule is better than clotrimazole vaginal cream in the treatment and recurrence of vaginal candidiasis. Therefore, the use of these products may be an effective remedy for vaginal candidiasis.

Comparative Study of the Therapeutic Effect of Nigella Sativa Vaginal Suppository against Clotrimazole Vaginal Cream among Women with Candida Albicans Infection

Objective and Background: Candida Albicans is responsible for 90% of vaginal fungal infections. This study aimed at comparison of the therapeutic effect of Nigella Sativa vaginal suppository against Clotrimazole vaginal cream among women with Candida Allicans vaginal infection. Materials and Methods: This interventional study is an analysis performed on 68 non-pregnant women suffering from Candida Albicans infection who referred to Alavi Hospital in Ardabil. They were divided into two equal groups of 34 people including Nigella Sativa (intervention group) and Clotrimazole vaginal cream (control group). Clinical and experimental symptoms and signs were observed and recorded by a questionnaire and form at the beginning of the study and after treatment. Treatment was performed in both groups for 7 nights. Data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA, t-test and McNemar Test. Results: The results of the study showed that the rate of improvement and treatment failure in the intervention and control groups was 86.30%-14.70% and 58.82%-41.18%, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups (p<0.002). Conclusion: The present study showed that Nigella Sativa vaginal suppository provides a more effective therapeutic effect on Candida Albicans vaginal infection compared to Clotrimazole vaginal cream.

Comparison of the Effects of Nika Vaginal Cream with Clotrimazole Cream on Vaginal Candidiasis Symptoms: A Randomized Single-Blind Clinical Trial.

Background:The prevalence of vaginal candidiasis is high in women and proper treatment is essential in this regard.Materials and Methods:This single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 120 women who were referred to Hamadan health centers in 2019. The patients were randomly divided into Clotrimazole cream and Nika vaginal cream groups each including 60 cases. The intervention group received Nika vaginal cream once a day for a week and those in the control group were given Clotrimazole vaginal cream in the same way. The clinical symptoms were studied by clinical examinations and the culture of vaginal discharge before and 7 days after the treatment to confirm the diagnosis of Candida albicans. The results were analyzed by SPSS 21.0 using an independent t test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and McNemar's tests, the significance level was set at 0.05.Results:Most patients in both groups reported no clinical symptoms after the intervention, and no significant difference was observed between the two groups in this regard (χ2 = 2.23, p = 0.566). Conversely, a significant difference was found in Nika and Clotrimazole groups before and after the intervention regarding improving Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) symptoms χ2 = 86.01, χ2 = 99.41, respectively (p < 0.001). Finally, 84.48% and 75.86% of women in the Nika χ2 = 45.02 (p < 0.001) and Clotrimazole cream χ2 = 40.02 (p < 0.001) groups had negative culture results after the intervention.Conclusions:In general, the Nika and Clotrimazole vaginal creams have the same effects concerning improving the symptoms of vaginal candidiasis and thus can be used to treat VVC.

Comparison of the effectiveness ofSatureja khuzestanicaand clotrimazole vaginal creams for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis

Candidal vaginitis has a relatively high prevalence, and its resistance to treatment is on the rise. Considering the complications of chemical drugs, the use of herbal medicines has now been favored due to the lack of changes in the normal vaginal flora. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Satureja khuzestanica and clotrimazole vaginal creams for the treatment of candidal vulvovaginitis. A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 84 reproductive-aged women in the city of Ahvaz, Iran. Individuals were randomly divided into two treatment groups: 1% Satureja khuzestanica vaginal creams (n=42) and 1% clotrimazole vaginal cream (n=42) who used a one-full applicator daily for one week. About 4–7 days after the end of treatment, a clinical examination and laboratory re-tests were performed to determine the level of treatment. The data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U, t-test and Chi-square tests, with SPSS version 22. After the treatment, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of vaginal discharge (p = 0.32), vaginal itching (p = 0.26), dysuria (p = 0.99) and dyspareunia (p = 0.60). Moreover, the results of culture (p = 0.62) and smear (p = 0.58) were not statistically significant in the two groups. Also, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of complete recovery after the treatment (p = 0.35). Satureja khuzestanica seems to have the same effect as clotrimazole in improving the symptoms of vaginal candidiasis, the negative results of culture and smear, as well as complete treatment.

Comparison of the Efficacy of Honey Gel and Clotrimazole Cream in the Treatment of Vaginal Candidiasis Signs: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: Due to the increasing resistance to synthetic antifungal drugs, the use of drugs with a natural origin, with low side effects and low prices is a priority. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of topical honey gel and clotrimazole cream in treatment of signs of vaginal candidiasis.Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the topical use of honey and clotrimazole in the signs of vulvovaginal candidiasis in clinics and medical centers in Tabriz. The study was performed on 106 non-pregnant women (18 to 45 years old) who had clinical signs of candidiasis. Patients were randomly divided into two groups receiving honey gel and clotrimazole vaginal cream (53 people per group). Each group was treated for 8 days. Before, 4, and 8 days after the intervention, patients recorded the sings of disease and possible side effects of drugs using a researcher-made questionnaire. The results were analyzed using SPSS software ver. 22. Inter-group comparison was carried out using McNemar, Cochran Q and independent t tests. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: sults: In the three evaluation periods, a significant reduction in the sings was observed compared to the before starting of treatment regimes. The results of the cultures were similar and there was no significant difference between the two honey gel and clotrimazole cream groups. Conclusion: Our results may suggest that honey gel could have promising benefits in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis as the main drug or as an adjunct to other antifungal drugs.

A Comparative Study on the Effect of Artemisia and Clotrimazole Vaginal Cream on Vaginal Candida Infection on Non-Pregnant Women in Fertile Age in Mashhad in 2016-2017: A Triple Blind Clinical Trial

A Comparative Study on the Effect of Artemisia and Clotrimazole Vaginal Cream on Vaginal Candida Infection on Non-Pregnant Women in Fertile Age in Mashhad in 2016-2017: A Triple Blind Clinical Trial

Vulvovaginal candidiasis: etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment

The article represents the main problems of diagnosis and treatment of patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). It is noted that C. albicans causes candidiasis in 75-80% of cases. Clinical forms of VVC include acute VVC and chronic (recurrent) vulvovaginal candidiasis (HRVVC). The main diagnostic approaches in the treatment and prevention of disease recurrence are described. The article presents data on the use of Clotrimazole vaginal cream 2% (Esparma) to treat VVC.

The effect of curcumin-based and clotrimazole vaginal cream in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Background:Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is the second most common infection of the lower female genital among women passing through their productive age. Furthermore, Candida albicans is the most common VVC agents followed by, non-albicans Candida species. Nowadays, extensive studies are being conducted on alternative therapies and the use of herbal medicines.Objectives:The present study was conducted to compare the effect of curcumin and clotrimazole vaginal cream in the treatment of VVC.Methods:The present randomized controlled trial study was performed on 94 women passing through their productive age after their being diagnosed with VVC. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups, with one receiving curcumin-based vaginal 10% cream and the other receiving clotrimazole vaginal 1% cream. The treatment period was 1 week and a full 5 g applicator was used every night. Required follow-up was implemented 4–7 days after the end of treatment.Results:The results showed no significant differences between the two groups in terms of vaginal discharge, itching, vulvovaginal irritation, and vulvovaginal erythema (P > 0.05); however, the number of negative cultures in the group receiving curcumin was significantly lower in comparison with the other group, which received clotrimazole (P = 0.002).Conclusion:It seems that although curcumin could be effective in the treatment of clinical symptoms of VVC, it, quite similar to clotrimazole vaginal cream, did not affect vaginal culture.

Comparing the Effect of Dill Seed Vaginal Cream, with a Persian Traditional Base, and 1% Clotrimazole Vaginal Cream on Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a very common debility in gynecology clinics. Despite access to several antifungal agents, VVC is still a challenge; therefore, presenting a novel antifungal agent, especially with a traditional origin, is of interest and demand. Objectives: The current study aimed at comparing the efficacy of Anethum graveolens L. (dill) vaginal cream with that of 1% Clotrimazole vaginal cream to treat VVC. Methods: A prospective, single-center, randomized, double-blind clinical trial was performed. In the current study, married females aged 18 - 65 years, with probable vulvovaginal candidiasis were enrolled for primary evaluation. After VVC confirmation by the sniff test, the patients were allocated into three groups with regard to blocked randomization, and inclusion and exclusion criteria. The first group (n = 59) was treated with 1% Clotrimazole vaginal cream; the second (n = 60) with a combination of dill seed essential oil and dried aqueous extract vaginal cream (TEE); and the last (n = 56) with dill seed essential oil vaginal cream (EO) for seven nights. After 10 days, the therapeutic effects were assessed. Results: After the intervention, itching decreased to 30.5%, 3.3%, and 12.5% in the Clotrimazole, TEE, and EO groups, respectively; the sniff test also decreased to 33.9%, 13.3%, and 12.5%, respectively. Although a statistically significant difference, according to itching and sniff test, was observed among the three groups (P < 0.001, P = 0.005), there was no significant difference between TEE and EO (P = 0.06). Conclusions: The current study showed that the herbal preparation could be used as an alternative antifungal agent for vulvovaginal Candidiasis.

Quercus Brantii Lindl. Vaginal Douche Versus Clotrimazole on Vaginal Candidiasis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

ObjectivesVaginal Candidiasis with an approximate prevalence of 30% is the second cause of vaginal infections. Antifungal azole is the first treatment for Vaginal Candidiasis; however, some side effects have been reported for this chemical medicine. Based on the antifungal activity of Inner Stratum of Quercus Brantii (Q. Brantii), the aim of our study was to compare the effects of vaginal douche of Q. Brantii extract and clotrimazole on vaginal candidiasis symptoms before and after the treatments, in women.Methods89 non-pregnant women with positive KOH test which is capable of identifying the presence of hyphae and mycelium by adding KOH (10%), and a positive vaginal candidiasis culture were randomly divided into two experimental groups, using permuted block randomization method. One group received clotrimazole vaginal cream (1%) and the other group received vaginal douche of Q. Brantii extract. Groups were treated for 7 days and KOH tests and cultures were evaluated again. Data were analyzed via chi-square and independent t-test, using SPSS software.ResultsAccording to the results, there were no significant differences between experimental groups for demographic characteristics like age (p=0.403), BMI (p=0.911), educational levels (p=0.862) and contraceptive methods (p=0.702). Moreover, significant differences were seen in vaginal discharge between the groups after the treatments (P=0.043).ConclusionThe results suggested that the therapeutic effect of vaginal douche of Q. Brantii extract was approximately similar to that of clotrimazole vaginal cream.

The effect of vaginal cream containing ginger in users of clotrimazole vaginal cream on vaginal candidiasis.

Vulvovaginal candidiasis is one of the most common infections of the genital tract in women that causes many complications. Therefore, we examined the clinical effect of ginger cream along with clotrimazole compared to vaginal clotrimazole alone in this study. This double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 67 women admitted to the Gynecology Clinic of Hajar Hospital with vaginal candidiasis. The patients were divided randomly into two groups of 33 and 34 people. The diagnosis was made according to clinical symptoms, wet smear, and culture. Ginger-clotrimazole vaginal cream 1% and clotrimazole vaginal cream 1% were administered to groups 1 and 2, respectively, once a day for 7 days and therapeutic effects and symptoms were evaluated in readmission. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22, t-test and Chi-square. The mean value of variables itching (P > 0.05), burning (P > 0.05), and cheesy secretion (P < 0.05) in users of ginger-clotrimazole was less than the other group after the treatment. Recurrence in clotrimazole group was 48.5% and in ginger-clotrimazole group 51.2% during the 1-month follow-up with no significant difference. Study results showed that cream containing ginger and clotrimazole 1% was more effective and may be more useful than the clotrimazole to treat vaginal candidiasis.

Comparing the Effect of Garlic, Zataria multiflora and Clotrimazole Vaginal Cream 2% on Improvement of Fungal Vaginitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Garlic and Zataria multiflora boiss (ZMB) are herbal medicines used traditionally in the treatment of infections, including candidal vaginitis. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of garlic and ZMB vaginal cream 2%, in the treatment and recurrence of candidal vaginitis. Methods: This randomized, double-blinded clinical trial was conducted on 240 married women with candidal vaginitis. The patients used 5 gr garlic, ZMB or clotrimazole vaginal cream 2% daily, for 7 days. Complaints of the patients, clinical observations and laboratory parameters were recorded before treatment, on days 7 and 30, after treatment. The data were analyzed by SPSS v. 21 through chi-square, Fisher, ANOVA with repeated measures, McNemar and Kruskal-Wallis tests. A P 0.05). Mean scores of candidal symptoms reduced significantly in all groups at on 7 and 30, after treatment (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Garlic and ZMB vaginal cream 2% can be used as an effective treatment option in cases of drug resistance and, also, by the people who are interested in treating with herbal medicines.

Therapeutic Effects of Nigella Sativa Linn (Black Cumin) on Candida albicans Vaginitis

Background: Monilial Vaginitis is one of the most common gynecological problems among women all over the world causing 10 million consultations annually. Although the global prevalence of vaginitis is not clear, it has been reported that this infection becomes about twice more. The first cause of vaginitis in the Europe and the second cause in the United States are infections related to Candida albicans. Generally, the important cause of vaginitis is Candida albicans. Popular drugs regarding Candida albicans Vaginitis are topical ones such as Azoles. These drugs are known to cause severe adverse effects and high rate of relapse, in contrast some antifungal effects of Nigella Sativa L. without causing any adverse effect have been reported. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Nigella Sativa Linn capsule in the treatment of Candida albicans vaginitis. Patients and Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial, triple-blind, placebo controlled study performed on 100 women in Iran. Gynecological and microbiological evaluations were performed before and after the treatment. There were not statistically significant difference in signs and symptoms of monilial vaginitis before the treatment (P ˃ 0.05). Nigella Sativa Linn capsule and clotrimazole vaginal cream for the study group and placebo capsule and clotrimazole vaginal cream for the control group were prescribed for seven days. Data was obtained by interview and observation and analyzed with Chi-square, t-test, Mann-Whitney, Fisher-exact-test and McNemar tests. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in vaginal itching, discharge, irritation, vulvovaginal redness and inflammation after the treatment between the two groups and much more in the study group (P ˂ 0.001). However, the culture and wet mount (with KOH) results showed much improvement in the study group after treatment. Conclusions: The use of Nigella sativa L. capsule with clotrimazole vaginal cream was found more effective than clotrimazole vaginal cream alone, in most common symptoms and signs of this vaginitis. Therefore, Nigella Sativa L. capsule is suggested for the treatment of Candida albicans Vaginitis.

Lactobacillus plantarum P17630 for preventing Candida vaginitis recurrence: a retrospective comparative study

BackgroundRecurrence is a frequent complaint of patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Although the pathogenesis of VVC remains a controversial issue, disruption of the balance between the vaginal microbiota may facilitate overgrowth by Candida. Some probiotic bacterial strains can suppress Candida albicans; Lactobacillus plantarum P17630 is able to attach to vaginal epithelial cells and significantly reduce the adhesion of C. albicans. ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of the application of Lactobacillus plantarum P17630 in restoring the vaginal microbiota and prevention of relapses among women with acute VVC undergoing conventional (azole) local and main therapy. MethodsRetrospective comparative study. We recruited 89 women with a diagnosis of VVC, who were placed into two groups on the basis of reported treatment. The control group was treated with a daily dose of 2% clotrimazole vaginal cream at bedtime for 3 days, followed by vaginal application of a capsule containing lubricant once a day for 6 days and then once a week for another 4 weeks. The probiotic group was treated with the same azole-based protocol but followed by vaginal application of a capsule containing Lactobacillus plantarum P17630 (>108CFU) once a day for 6 days and then once a week for another 4 weeks beginning the day following clotrimazole discontinuation. Clinical and diagnostic patterns were monitored for three months of follow-up. ResultsAt the end of study the probiotic-treated women showed a statistically significant increase in Lactobacillus values “+++” (80% versus 40%, p<0.001) and a better subjective resolution of symptoms such as vaginal discomfort described as burning or itching (90% versus 67.5%, p<0.03). Among controls there was a non-significant increase at 3 months of recurrence of infection, but a significant increase of women with value of pH=5 or >5. ConclusionAlthough the results of different studies are controversial, most have suggested use of probiotics in the prevention or treatment of VVC, and no adverse effects have been reported. Our data with L. plantarum P17630 (Gyno-Canesflor - Bayer) confirm the role of this specific strain as a potential empirical preventive agent for reducing vaginal discomfort after conventional treatment of acute VVC and shifting the vaginal milieu toward a predominance of lactobacilli with an improvement of the vaginal pH value.

The therapy of candida vaginitis and candida vulvovaginitis with a new antimycotic substance, clotrimazole.

SummaryForty out-patients with a diagnosis of fungal infection of the vagina and vulva, confirmed by microscopy and culture, were treated with clotrimazole {Bay b 5097) vaginal tablets (100 mg.) and cream (1%)for 7 days.All patients became culturally negative during the fixed period of treatment (100%). Clinical symptoms and signs disappeared or improved markedly in 75.6% of the patients. Clotrimazole vaginal pessaries and cream were well tolerated.No local irritation was observed, and there were no adverse reactions, indicating systematic absorption of clotrimazole.At follow-up checks on 26 patients, 4 to 8 weeks after the end of treatment, 2 patients (7.7%) were positive for Candida albicans.