Closed-loop Speed Regulation Research Articles

Implementation of AI Tuned PID Controller for Speed and Direction Control of BLDC Motor

This paper explores BLDC motor control using MATLAB Simulink, focusing on AI tuned PID and fractional PID controllers for closed-loop speed regulation and direction . It involves designing a feedback system comprising sensor feedback, controller, and BLDC motor model. Through iterative tuning, optimal controller parameters are determined for enhanced performance. Simulations were carried out to evaluate response characteristics, stability, and robustness across varying conditions. Experimental validation though hardware-in-the-loop experiments corroborates simulation findings. Performance metrics, including speed accuracy and disturbance rejection, are analyzed to compare the effectiveness of PID and fractional PID controllers. This work provides insights into advanced control techniques for BLDC motors, aiding in the selection of suitable strategies for real-world applications.

Extended state observer based current-constrained controller for a PMSM system in presence of disturbances: Design, analysis and experiments

Considering overcurrent and total disturbances, i.e. measurement noise, parameter uncertainties, external load torque disturbance etc., a composite current-constrained control method based on non-cascade single-loop speed regulation control structure is adopted for permanent magnet synchronous motor system (PMSMs). First, a tracking state space model is proposed to transfer the matched and mismatched disturbances into a uniform matched disturbance. Second, a third-order extended state observer (ESO) is developed to satisfactorily attenuate the effect of the total disturbances with their estimation values via feedforward compensation, since a tracking differentiator (TD) is designed to arrange the transition process for the reference input signal to balance the contradiction between overshoot and quick response. Third, a composite ESO-based current-constrained controller with a penalty mechanism of q-axis current, constructed by a special nonlinear gain, is designed to deal with the overcurrent of the PMSMs speed regulation. In addition, a finite time bounded stability theory is introduced to analyze the proposed closed-loop speed regulation system. A bench mark experimental set-up based on NI CompactRIO 9045 and LabVIEW for a PMSMs is designed to verify and compare the performances of the proposed composite controller against conventional PID controller. Finally, the simulation and experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed controller.

Intelligent Permanent Magnet Motor-Based Servo Drive System Used for Automated Tuning of Piano

This paper presents an intelligent permanent magnet synchronous motor-based servo drive system used in automated piano tuning applications. The permanent magnet synchronous motor-based drives are able to improve the accuracy of the piano tuning process in comparison with the traditional direct-current motor-based and step motor-based servo drives. To explain the techniques, firstly, the structure and principles of the automated piano tuning devices with a surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor-based drive system integrated are introduced, illustrating that it is feasible to implement the proposed piano tuning strategy. Secondly, the piano tuning devices have two functions: low-speed rotation and position holding. To ensure that the surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor can rotate stably over the low-speed range with strong anti-interference capacity, a double closed-loop speed-regulation-based control scheme is employed. And to ensure high position control performance, a fuzzy-adaptive triple closed-loop position-regulation-based control scheme is employed. It terms of the control schemes, it deserves to be mentioned that main contributions include, firstly, the parameters of the proportional integral controllers in the double closed-loop speed-regulation structure is tuned relying on both stability and bandwidth analyses. Then, a fuzzy-adaptive proportional integral controller is specially-designed for the triple closed-loop position-regulation to adapt to the piano tuning applications. Simulation is conducted on a 20 rpm three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor servo drive-based piano tuning system to validate the proposed piano tuning method and to verify the proposed control techniques.

Offline self-tuning algorithm for speed controllers considering position sensor quantisation error

ABSTRACT Due to the unknown nature of the mechanical loads, proper tuning of the speed controllers is always a serious challenge in servo motor drives. The problem becomes more complicated when the speed signal feedback is received from the conventional sensors such as incremental encoders which are prone to the quantisation erros. This could basically result in creation of unwanted noise during the closed-loop speed regulation process. To mitigate the problem, this paper proposes a superior offline tuning method for the speed controllers as compared with the conventional approaches. The bandwidth is calculated in a way that the fluctuation of the reference torque is limited to a given percentage of the motor-rated torque, which leads to lower acoustic noise. In addition, an offline detection algorithm is proposed to estimate the mechanical features of the load. In this method, two new auxiliary mechanical parameters are defined for the motor-load set and estimated using a computationally efficient approach. The estimated mechanical features as well as the bandwidth value are used to calculate optimal gains for the speed controller.

Research on Quasi-Synchronous Grid-Connected Control of Hydraulic Wind Turbine

The hydraulic wind turbine(HWT) is taken as the research object. To realize the quasi-synchronized safe connection of the HWT, the mathematical model of the fixed displacement pump - variable motor is first established, and the multiplicative nonlinearity existing in the modeling process is solved by the small signal linearization method. For the closed-loop speed regulation system of fixed displacement pump-variable motor, a variable speed input-constant speed output control method based on indirect flow feedback and direct-speed closed-loop system is proposed. Combining MATLAB/Simulink@ and a semi-physical simulation experiment platform of 30kVA HWT, the influence law of some parameters is analyzed for the response characteristics of the speed control system, such as the valve control cylinder response speed, the swash plate reference conversion value, initial swash plate angle and so on. At the same time, combined with the grid connection conditions for generators, a quasi-synchronized grid speed control method for HWT is proposed. Based on simulation and experimental methods, the instantaneous impact of grid connection is effectively suppressed.

Control of brushless DC motor based on fuzzy rules optimized by genetic algorithm used in hybrid vehicle

To improve the control precision of the closed-loop speed regulation of the brushless DC motor (Brushless DC motor, BLDCM) used in hybrid vehicles, the paper established a fuzzy controller for closed loop control of speed, taking the speed difference and the conversion rate of the speed difference as the inputs, and the increment of the supply voltage as the output, and proposed a method of optimizing fuzzy control rules based on genetic algorithm. Established the mathematical model of BLDCM in MATLAB/Simulink, simulated the traditional PID controller, the fuzzy controller and the fuzzy controller optimized by genetic algorithm. Then the hardware-in-the-loop motor control system is constructed based on dSPACE. The simulation and experiment prove that the optimization of fuzzy rules by genetic algorithm is an effective method to improve the accuracy of speed control, and it has good tracking performance for frequently changing speed requirements in hybrid vehicle.

Design of the Brushless DC Motor Driving System Based on STM32

As a mechanical and electrical integration product, brushless DC motor has better controllability and wide speed range. According to its characteristics, a brushless DC motor control system based on STM32F103ZET6 MCU is designed and realized, and then the control system was analyzed and discussed. Adopted GPIO module, PWM module, timer module, etc., coupled with efficient PID algorithm, three main functions of this system have been implemented, such as start stop control, position detection and closed-loop speed regulation. The experimental results show that this control system works well with low cost and high price-performance ratio.

Study on Intelligent Controller of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

This paper puts forward a novel design method of controller based on BP neural network, which is applied to the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) double closed loop speed regulation system of speed regulator, by using the neural network controller instead of traditional PID controller. It applies the nonlinear adaptive ability of neural network for optimizing the control parameters of PID controller for PMSM. The simulation model was established in Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results indicate that the neutral network PID controller, compared with the traditional PID, has strong robustness and adaptive ability to the model and environments, indicating the good dynamic and static characteristics and control effects.

Control Method Research of Electrical Vehicle Used IPM Synchronous Motor

The salient effect of the rotor structure of the interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) makes it more suitable for running in the zone that exceeds the rated revolution by flux-weakening control. Therefore, the closed-loop speed regulation system composed by IPMSM can achieve excellent dynamic performance, high precision and wide speed performance. On the basis of the mathematical model of d / q coordinates of IPMSM, this paper discusses the control proposal of IPMSM: to control the current of d / q axis to maximize the speed range.

High-Speed Induction Motor Drives: Starting Operation Control

The problem here analysed concerns the drives providing the use of high speed induction motors. There is an increasing tendency to use this type of motors (having rated frequencies comprised between some hundreds and some thousands hertz) for those applications requiring the utilization of grinding and milling machines. In such cases the supply can be constituted by a square wave static inverter and closed loop speed regulation is often not necessary. For such reasons and other discussed in the paper, the starting of these motors is normally realized through the adoption of an open-loop ramp in the supply voltage and frequency. During the starting, transient current overloads may occur caused by a too fast increasing of the supply voltage and frequency; that may be even more verified, owing to the wide spread of the parameters concerning the motors that a given inverter is required to drive; of particular importance is often also the friction torque due to the bearings. The starting transient is considered as the more significant among all the other situations for which a variation in the shaft speed is necessary. The current overloads may cause different types of trouble: for instance the intervention of the maximum current protection, which is often present in such a type of drives. In the paper the starting transient are studied through a suitable dynamic model of the drive and a simple method for altering the starting characteristics of the system is proposed and analysed. The method is based on the alteration of the frequency variation rate, when the motor current exceed a given limit. Such adaptive control, for which a motor current feedback has to be provided, allows to increase the starting time only when it is necessary, leaving the speed transient conform to the present ramp in the other cases. The prediction of the quantitative effect of the technique are very interesting; experimental and simulation results allow to better clarify the terms of the problem and the obtainable results.

Triac Speed Control of Three-Phase Induction Motor with Phase-Locked Loop Regulation

The speed control of a three-phase squirrel cage induction motor by employing triacs in the lines which operate in the normal phase control mode is described. The inherent limitation of low circuit commutated (dv/dt), which makes the triac circuit somewhat unreliable, has been overcome by suitably designing the snubber circuit. The closed-loop speed regulation of the system is then investigated by employing digital phase-locked loop scheme. Compared to the conventional method with antiparallel SCR's and analog servo, the present scheme is somewhat simpler, more economical, and extreme precision in speed control is possible. A complete model of the speed control system has been designed and experimentally evaluated in the laboratory.