Closed-loop Monitoring System Research Articles

Laser welding in e-mobility: process characterization and monitoring

The global automotive industry is shifting to e-mobility, where the main challenge is addressed to battery’s mass-production. To keep up with the market demand, high speed production rates and quality products must be accomplished. Since laser welding of dissimilar thins sheets has earned rising demand for battery electrodes connections, a defect-free welding process has to be performed on behalf of a closed-loop monitoring system that updates corrective and/or preventive actions in order to obtain a reliable, “zero waste, zero stop” process. However, nowadays photodiode systems do not allow real-time modification of the parameters, they only tell, at the end of the process, if any signal has gone out of threshold. The objective of this paper is to find correlations between the data collected by the monitoring system with the typical process characteristics of laser welding. Materials investigated are pure copper 300 µm and aluminum 400 µm, processed by means of different sources, length tracks, wavelengths and scanning heads. In this contribution, a Precitec system has been implemented as a possible economical and industrial-oriented solution.The experimental data was analyzed offline and the relationships between technological and signals outputs were evaluated by means of statistical analysis with MATLAB for both Al-Cu and Cu-Al configuration. Findings plotted stable signals if high speeds were set. Results further suggested the power to be the most influent variable for the closed-loop monitoring system and the dependance on the first material irradiated and the laser source used to define the threshold value for the control of the welding process.

COVID-19 Pandemi Önlemleri Altında Çalışan Üretim Tesisleri için Gerçek

By reason of the COVID-19 pandemic, essential digital transformations are taking place in many areas of business life. Although the most important one of these transformations is due to the widespread use of the remote working model, the production sector does not have the opportunity to switch to such a model completely. Therefore, it is inevitable to maintain social distance to prevent the spread of COVID-19 while working in production facilities. In this study, a real-time location system (RTLS) model is proposed to keep track of social distance in production facilities and to ensure occupational health safety (OHS) at the same time. Since the social distance rule is essential for every production facility, the most important feature of the proposed system is that it can easily be integrated into the standard personnel tracking system in almost every enterprise. Besides, the proposed RTLS is designed as an efficient system based on ultra-wideband and radio-frequency identification, which can operate as a closed-loop monitoring system within itself. An adequately installed RTLS can monitor the position of employees in real-time and provides to intervene in the situation instantly when necessary. In case of a violation of social distance or a situation against OHS, it can be prevented instantly by the proposed system. It is also a useful model in the management of emergencies.

Association of a Multidisciplinary Care Approach With the Quality of Care After Pediatric Tracheostomy

Incidence of tracheostomy placement in children is increasing, and these children continue to have high incidences of morbidity and mortality. A multidisciplinary tracheostomy program may help improve the quality of care received by these patients. To determine whether implementation of a multidisciplinary tracheostomy program can improve the care of children who received a tracheostomy through reduction in tracheostomy-related adverse events (TRAEs), improved tracheostomy education, and caregiver preparedness. A prospective cohort study was conducted from January 2015 to June 2018 at a pediatric tertiary referral center in Boston, Massachusetts. The participants included 700 children who had received a tracheostomy, most of whom were aged birth to 18 years, but some patients with congenital disorders were much older. Institution of a multidisciplinary tracheostomy team (MDT) whose activities included conducting staff meetings, organizing outpatient clinics, conducting inpatient tracheostomy ward rounds, and conducting inpatient tracheostomy rounds at a local rehabilitation hospital. Quality improvement initiatives included monitoring standardized TRAEs and distributing standardized tracheostomy "go-bags." Reduction of TRAEs and improved caregiver preparedness through distribution of tracheostomy go-bags were assessed following the establishment of a multidisciplinary tracheostomy program. In total, 700 children who had received a tracheostomy during the study period were actively followed up by the MDT. Of these children, 378 (54.0%) were males and 322 (46.0%) were females; mean (SD) age was 4.1 (6.1) years. More than 60 new pediatric tracheostomies were performed annually at the referral center. Reported TRAEs were reduced by 43.0% from the first to the third year after the implementation of a standardized, closed-loop monitoring system (from a mean [SD] of 6.1 [5.2] TRAEs per 1000 inpatient tracheostomy-days in 2015 to a mean [SD] of 4.0 [2.5] in 2018). The most common TRAE was unplanned decannulation, which occurred 64 times during the study period. On average, 10 patients were seen in each monthly multidisciplinary tracheostomy clinic. Clinic interventions included continuing care (146 [52.5%]), communication enhancement (67 [23.6%]), plans for decannulation (52 [18.6%]), and referrals for comorbidities (13 [4.6%]). Approximately 19 inpatients were seen during biweekly rounds and 8 during monthly rounds at a local rehabilitation hospital. A total of 297 patients received standardized tracheostomy go-bags, and more than 70 positive bag checks were performed in the monthly MDT clinics. A positive bag check refers to the incidence when a family is given a go-bag and also uses it. In contrast, a negative bag check refers to when a family is given a go-bag but neither brings it to the clinic nor acknowledges that they use it. This study's findings suggest that a multidisciplinary tracheostomy program may be a powerful tool for enhancing patient safety and quality improvement. Ongoing studies will develop measurable pediatric tracheostomy outcome metrics and assess long-term outcomes.

Process monitoring and inspection systems in metal additive manufacturing: Status and applications

One of the most significant barriers to the broad adoption of additive manufacturing (AM) is the qualification of AM produced parts. With the high market competition, quality has become the market differentiator for products and services. To maintain or enhance the quality of the products, manufacturers use two techniques, quality assurance and control. In fact, many researchers characterize the quality assurance and control as the biggest challenge to widespread adoption of AM technologies for metals parts in aerospace industries. One approach to overcome this challenge is to implement in-situ process monitoring and inspection systems to enhance the quality of the printed parts and AM processes. This has been highlighted by numerous research efforts for the past decade and continues to be identified as a high priority research in the AM processes. In this paper, we review current process monitoring and control systems for metal AM in Powder Bed Fusion and Directed Energy Deposition systems. And then, possible inspection system configurations for improving the quality of AM printed parts are discussed based on the proposed framework and requirement. A comprehensive real-time inspection method and a closed loop monitoring system are proposed to address the quality control for metal-based AM processes

Design and Implementation of Monitoring System for Equipments in the Workshop Based on IOT

This paper puts Internet of Things in a wider context: how it relates to the monitoring system for equipments in the workshop in the manufacturing domain and how to apply IOT along with other new techniques for developing new monitoring system for equipments in the workshop, and proposes the necessity of developing closed-loop monitoring system for equipments in the workshop based on IOT. In this paper, the concept and constitution of closed-loop monitoring system for equipments in the workshop based on IOT is presented, systematic basic working principle and hardware structure topological graph is given, implementation methods of each component of the system are introduced. The closed-loop monitoring system for equipments based on IOT given in the paper can ensure the safety of plant and its circumambience and reduce the loss of fault. It is a typical application of IOT in the manufacturing domain.

Closed-Loop Stability Monitoring of Axial Flow Compression Systems

Monitoring systems are proposed for the detection of incipient instability in axial flow compression systems. The work employs generic features associated with the response to noise inputs of systems bordering on instability. Based on these generic features, a closed-loop monitoring system is proposed. Numerical simulation is used to illustrate the operation of the proposed closed-loop monitoring system.