Clinical Usefulness Of Ultrasonography Research Articles

Türkiye’deki Yenidoğan Hekimlerinin Klinik Ultrasonografi Kullanımı ve Bakışının Değerlendirildiği Ulusal Anket Çalışması

Introduction: There is no information about the clinical ultrasonography (US) use, opinion and experiences in neonatal physicians in Turkey. The aim of our study is to evaluate the attitudes, preferences, frequency of use and perspectives of neonatal physicians in our country regarding clinical use of US. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted through a survey with the participation of neonatal physicians in Turkey with electronically between 1 February to 1 March 2020. The information about participants’ age, gender, type of institution, experience period in neonatal intensive care and academic title were recorded. The participants were asked questions such as whether they use US in the clinic, if they are using, which part of body and for which intervention, and whether they received training for this purpose. The attitudes about Clinical US were evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale. Results: 120 neonatal physicians participated in the study. The average age of the participants was determined as 40.38 ± 5.24 years. While 90% (n=108) of the participants had US devices in their clinics, the use of frequency of US among the participants was found as 69.1% (n=83). There was no difference between groups in the answers according to academic title about US device availability in the clinic, use of, participation in clinical US training, pediatric radiology rotation in the neonatal fellow education program,use of US for cranial US, abdominal US and central vein catheterization (p>0,05). Lung US use was found at a significantly higher rate in the neonatology fellows group (86.7%) compared to other academic titles (p<0.05). Conclusions: The study is the first national study in its field. It has been determined that US, which has an important role in the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of the critically ill group in Turkey, is not used effectively by neonatal physicians.

Emerging applications of clinical ultrasonography

In this work, we introduce the numerous emerging areas and frontiers in the use of point-of-care ultrasonography. Of these, we review the following three: 1) the use of clinical ultrasonography in infectious and tropical diseases (we address its usefulness in the diagnosis and follow-up of the main syndromes, in tropical diseases, and in areas with scarce resources); 2) the usefulness of clinical ultrasonography in the assessment of response to volume infusion in severely ill patients (we review basic concepts and the main static and dynamic variables used for this evaluation); and 3) the use of clinical ultrasonography in the assessment of muscle mass in elderly patients with primary sarcopenia (we review the main muscles and measurements used for it).

Role of Ultrasonographic Examination of the Knee in Evaluation of Meniscal Injury in Correlation with Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Background: meniscal tear is one of the most common injuries of knee joint. MRI is considered to be 1st choice to diagnose meniscal tear. The question of the study is, if we can use U/S as screening tool for meniscal injuries before MRI. Aim of the Work: to determine the clinical usefulness of ultrasonography for diagnosis of meniscal pathology in patients with acute knee pain and to compare its diagnostic accuracy to MRI in a clinical setting. Patients and Methods: this study was carried out in Radiology department, Benha University hospitals. Forty patients with clinical suspicion of post-traumatic meniscal injury were submitted to the following: i. data collection, ii. Clinical examination, iii. Ultrasound examination, iv. MRI examination. Data management and statistical analysis were done using SPSS vs.25. (IBM, Armonk, New York, USA). Results: the overall accuracy of ultrasound examination for meniscal tears was 85.2% while the overall accuracy of ultrasound examination for meniscal degeneration was 70.6% Conclusion: ultrasound appears to be useful for the screening of meniscal tears.

Aplicaciones emergentes de la ecografía clínica

In this work, we introduce the numerous emerging areas and frontiers in the use of point-of-care ultrasonography. Of these, we review the following three: 1) the use of clinical ultrasonography in infectious and tropical diseases (we address its usefulness in the diagnosis and follow-up of the main syndromes, in tropical diseases, and in areas with scarce resources); 2) the usefulness of clinical ultrasonography in the assessment of response to volume infusion in severely ill patients (we review basic concepts and the main static and dynamic variables used for this evaluation); and 3) the use of clinical ultrasonography in the assessment of muscle mass in elderly patients with primary sarcopenia (we review the main muscles and measurements used for it).

Clinical Usefulness of Ultrasonography in Oral and Maxillofacial Regions

Ultrasound sonography(US) is used to evaluate various diseases of maxillofacial region including salivary glands, soft tissue and jaw lesions because of easy accessibility and no hazard of ionizing radiation. Also, US can offer dynamic study showing real-time images during diagnostic or surgical procedure. US images provide accurate information about the internal features of lesions on the jaw prior to surgical treatment. Doppler images are used to visualize the vascular distribution of the lesions and to provide additional information to enhance diagnostic value. Nevertheless, the clinical application of US imaging is limited in the dental field. This is due to the lack of knowledge about the US image and the image characteristics of the anatomical structures. It is necessary to evaluate the diagnostic value of US and evaluate its usefulness by looking at clinical cases using US images. Therefore, US imaging may be recommended as an assistant image in evaluating jaw lesions. US images provided accurate information about the internal structure of lesions on the jaw prior to surgical treatment, and diagnostic value was enhanced by visualizing the vascular distribution of the lesion using doppler imaging.

Clinical ultrasonography in venous thromboembolism disease

The use of clinical ultrasonography has grown exponentially in the past decade in various medical settings. As with other areas of activity in the field of internal medicine, clinical ultrasonography has been implemented in venous thromboembolism disease (VTE), both in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). In this review, we cover the diagnostic techniques, both for DVT through compression ultrasonography (CUS) and for multiorgan ultrasonography, which include CUS, pulmonary ultrasonography in the search for pulmonary infarctions and echocardiography for detecting dilation and right ventricular dysfunction for the diagnosis of PE. We also establish the most common clinical scenarios in which clinical ultrasonography can be of assistance in actual clinical practice, as well as its limitations and current evidence.

Ecografía clínica en la enfermedad tromboembólica venosa

The use of clinical ultrasonography has grown exponentially in the past decade in various medical settings. As with other areas of activity in the field of internal medicine, clinical ultrasonography has been implemented in venous thromboembolism disease, both in deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. In this review, we cover the diagnostic techniques, both for deep vein thrombosis through compression ultrasonography and for multiorgan ultrasonography, which include compression ultrasonography, pulmonary ultrasonography in the search for pulmonary infarctions and echocardiography for detecting dilation and right ventricular dysfunction for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. We also establish the most common clinical scenarios in which clinical ultrasonography can be of assistance in actual clinical practice, as well as its limitations and current evidence.

Incorporating Ultrasonography into the Health Science Classroom

Ultrasonography provides visualization of organ form and function in situ, this technology until recently required large, cumbersome high priced units that were impractical for undergraduate health science teaching. Highly portable ultrasound systems have been developed which allow for convenient handing and versatile application in physiology course demonstrations. In addition to visualization of body fluids and organ morphology, students are able to visualize in vivo active processes like intestinal peristalsis, blood flow and cardiac function. Ultrasound live action imagery of cardiac contractions and valve activity is particularly useful when demonstrating these dynamic processes. Physiology and pre‐health students with interest in medical and veterinary career paths are especially engaged, and enthusiastic about this technology. The clinical use of ultrasonography has increased in recent years, this offers additional incentive for health science students to familiarize themselves with the technology, its applications and the interpretation of ultrasound images. Incorporating ultrasonography into the anatomy and physiology classroom therefore provides not only an additional medium with which to demonstrate physiologic principals, it provides an opportunity for students to gain practical exposure to a medically relevant diagnostic modality.Support or Funding InformationCal Poly Pomona Institutional Grant: Special Projects for Intellectual Community Environment (SPICE) Grant: Innovative approaches to Instruction Program.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

Clinical Usefulness of Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Fatty Liver

Clinical Usefulness of Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Fatty Liver

Evaluation of the attitudes of anesthesiologists to the use of clinical ultrasonography

Evaluation of the attitudes of anesthesiologists to the use of clinical ultrasonography

The Role of Ultrasound in Evaluation of Meniscal Injury

Background: meniscal tear is one of the most common injuries of knee joint , MRI is considered to be 1st choice to diagnose meniscal tear. The Question of the study is if we can use U/S as screening tool for Meniscal injuries before MRI. Aim of the Work: to determine the clinical usefulness of ultrasonography for diagnosis of meniscal pathology in patients with acute knee pain and compare its diagnostic accuracy to MRI in a clinical setting. Patients and Methods: this study was carried out in Radiology department, Ain Shams University hospitals. 15 patients with MRI proven Meniscal tear underwent knee ultrasound examination. Results: the overall sensitivity of ultrasound examination for meniscal tears was 77%. Conclusion: ultrasound appears to be useful for the screening of meniscal tears but detection of the morphology of meniscal tears seems insufficient.

Assessment and comparison of the capsular width of temporomandibular joint on ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging

Aims and Objectives: Purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and clinical usefulness of ultrasonography (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) imaging. Materials and Methods: By USG and MRI the distance between the most lateral point of the articular capsule and the most lateral point of the mandibular condyle (lateral capsule-condyle distance) was measured, and both the values were compared in normal asymptomatic volunteers as well as in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in both open and closed mouth positions. A total of 40 joints were analysed in which 19 were asymptomatic and 21 were joints with TMD. Capsular width of TMJ was measured and compared in normal and joints with TMD joints using unpaired t test. Widths were also compared in images obtained with MRI and USG. Karl Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated to find out if there exists any relationship between the capsular width measured with MRI and USG. Results: Results show that both the modalities viz. MRI as well as USG are effective in differentiating the capsular width of normal joints to that of joints with TMD joints. Although capsular widths obtained with MRI and USG are not equal, they are positively correlated. Conclusion: USG can be used for the preliminary investigation of patients with TMD.

Standard procedures of endovascular treatment for vascular access stenosis in our facility - clinical usefulness of ultrasonography.

In Japan, the number of patients receiving dialysis is 314,180 at the end of 2013 and 97% are treated with hemodialysis. And the mean age of patients and the percentage of diabetes have been increasing. For this reason, preparations of a new vascular access (VA) and its long-term maintenance have become difficult. In the guidelines by the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy (JSDT), endovascular treatment (ET) is positioned as the first line for VA stenosis. The procedure of ET itself is very simple. The revision of Japanese health insurance set an expensive technical fee for ET in 2012. It also added a restriction by which the claims for both technical and material fees would be denied, if the treatment was performed within 3 months after a previous treatment. This makes determination of best treatment timing more important. The functional evaluation using ultrasonography (US) is a useful monitoring index for determination of the ET timing for patients with stenosis. We investigated the cumulative relative frequency of flow volume (FV) and resistant index (RI) of brachial artery in arteriovenous graft (AVG) and arteriovenous fistula (AVF) cases with access failures. As a result, the cut-off values of FV and RI in AVG were 480 mL/min and 0.57, and in AVF were 354 mL/min and 0.61, respectively. Therefore we determine the treatment timing based on these results. Since 2012, active monitoring using US could have decreased the number of treatment patients by 100 per year. This meant that objective evaluation by US enabled treatments at a more suitable time to promote the proper use of medical expenses for EV treatment.

MRI versus Ultrasonography to Assess Meniscal Abnormalities in Acute Knees

While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often considered the "gold standard" diagnostic imaging modality for detection of meniscal abnormalities, it is associated with misdiagnosis in as high as 47% of cases, is costly, and is not readily available to a large number of patients. Ultrasonographic examination of the knee has been reported to be an effective diagnostic tool for this purpose with the potential to overcome many of the shortcomings of MRI. The purpose of this study is to determine the clinical usefulness of ultrasonography for diagnosis of meniscal pathology in patients with acute knee pain and compare its diagnostic accuracy to MRI in a clinical setting. With Institutional Review Board approval, patients (n = 71) with acute knee pain were prospectively enrolled with informed consent. Preoperative MRI (1.5 T) was performed on each affected knee using the hospital's standard equipment and protocols and read by faculty radiologists trained in musculoskeletal MRI. Ultrasonographic assessments of each affected knee were performed by one of two faculty members trained in musculoskeletal ultrasonography using a 10 to 14 MHz linear transducer. Arthroscopic evaluation of affected knees was performed by one of three faculty orthopedic surgeons to assess and record all joint pathology, which served as the reference standard for determining presence, type, and severity of meniscal pathology. All evaluators for each diagnostic modality were blinded to all other data. Data were collected and compared by a separate investigator to determine sensitivity (Sn), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), correct classification rate (CCR), likelihood ratios (LR[+] and LR[-]), and odds ratios. Preoperative ultrasonographic assessment of meniscal pathology was associated with Sn = 91.2%, Sp = 84.2%, PPV = 94.5%, NPV = 76.2%, CCR = 89.5%, LR(+) = 5.78, and LR(-) = 0.10. Preoperative MRI assessment of meniscal pathology was associated with Sn = 91.7%, Sp = 66.7%, PPV = 84.6%, NPV = 80.0%, CCR = 81.1%, LR(+) = 2.75, and LR(-) = 0.13. Ultrasonography was two times more likely than MRI to correctly determine presence or absence of meniscal pathology seen arthroscopically in this study. Ultrasonography is a useful tool for diagnosis of meniscal pathology with potential advantages over MRI. Based on these data and available portable equipment, ultrasonography could be considered for use as a point-of-injury diagnostic modality for meniscal injuries.

Ultrasonography for Monitoring Reproductive Function in the Bull

Diagnostic ultrasonography has been widely used for examination of the reproductive tract of female cattle, but more sparingly in bulls. Typical clinical ultrasonographic examinations of bull testes are unlikely to affect semen quality or sperm production. The ultrasonographic anatomy of bull testes and accessory sex glands has been reported. Although testicular echogenicity increased (i.e. the parenchyma appeared more white) as a bull approached puberty, echogenicity was not superior to scrotal circumference as a predictor of puberty. Ultrasonography can be used to detect and characterize testicular pathology. It is noteworthy that areas of increased echogenicity (testicular fibrosis) are common, especially in young bulls, but are not associated with decreased semen quality (e.g. percentage of morphologically abnormal sperm). Neither visual evaluation nor computerized pixel analysis of testicular ultrasonic echotexture was consistently predictive of semen quality in bulls. Therefore, we concluded that the primary clinical use of ultrasonography in assessment of reproductive function in the bull is characterization of grossly detectable lesions in the testes and scrotum.

A New Ultrasonographic Technique for Diagnosing Temporomandibular Joint Disc Displacement

Statement of the Problem: Clinical usefulness of ultrasonography (US) for diagnosing temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc displacement has been reported during the last two decades. Although magnetic resonance (MR) continues to be considered as the gold standard for evaluating TMJ disc position, with accuracy superior than 95%, its operational and clinical limitations have encouraged the authors to use US with the same goal. Most studies on this subject assessed the TMJ disc position depending on the same criteria as in MR sagittal views.

Advanced clinical usefulness of ultrasonography for diseases in oral and maxillofacial regions.

Various kinds of diseases may be found in the oral and maxillofacial regions and various modalities may be applied for their diagnosis, including intra-oral radiography, panoramic radiography, ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear medicine methods such as positron emission tomography. Of these modalities, ultrasound imaging is easy to use for the detection of noninvasive and soft tissue-related diseases. Doppler ultrasound images taken in the B-mode can provide vascular information associated with the morphology of soft tissues. Thus, ultrasound imaging plays an important role in confirming the diagnosis of many kinds of diseases in such oral and maxillofacial regions as the tongue, lymph nodes, salivary glands, and masticatory muscles. In the present article, we introduce three new applications of ultrasonography: guided fine-needle aspiration, measurement of tongue cancer thickness, and diagnosis of metastasis to cervical lymph nodes.

Ultrasonographic features of the hand and wrist in systemic sclerosis

To investigate ultrasonographic hand and wrist features in patients with SSc and their correlation with clinical and X-ray examinations. All the patients and controls underwent clinical examination, X-ray and ultrasonography (US) evaluations of the hands and wrists. Forty-five SSc patients all of whom satisfied the ACR criteria and 45 controls-15 patients with RA, 15 patients with FM syndrome and 15 healthy subjects were assessed. US was performed by a General Electric Logiq-5 PRO using a 7-12 MHz linear array transducer. Joint effusion was found in 22 (49%) SSc patients; synovial proliferation in 19 (42%), which was associated with a power Doppler signal in 11 of them; marginal bone erosions in 5 (11%); joint space narrowing in 8 (18%); periarticular calcinosis in 12 (27%); and osteophytosis in 26 (59%). In SSc patients, the prevalence of synovitis as detected by US (i.e. effusion and/or synovial proliferation) was found to be significantly higher than that found by clinical examination (i.e. tenderness and/or swelling) (26 vs 15 out of 45 cases; P = 0.03). US indicated a significantly higher number of joints with osteophytes than X-rays (59 vs 27%; P < 0.005). Our study depicts the main sonographic abnormalities of the SSc hand. Using US, we found an unexpectedly high prevalence of joint pathology in SSc without clinically involved hands. The clinical usefulness of US in the assessment of SSc articular involvement either in clinical practice or in therapeutic trials is yet to be defined.

Ultrasonography of the temporomandibular joint: a literature review

This review summarizes knowledge on the accuracy and clinical usefulness of ultrasonography (US) for the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. A systematic search in the National Library of Medicine's Database was performed to identify all peer-reviewed papers in the English literature that assessed the accuracy of US with respect to magnetic resonance (MR), computerized tomography (CT), clinical assessment or autopsy specimens for the diagnosis of TMJ disk displacement, effusion and osteoarthrosis. The combined search words "ultrasonography" and "temporomandibular joint", "temporomandibular disorders", "effusion", "disk displacement", "condyle", yielded 20 papers. Most studies (N=17) focused on detecting disk displacement, with less emphasis on assessing joint effusion (N=6) and osteoarthrosis (N=7). US accuracy was 54-100% for diagnosing disk displacement, 72-95% for joint effusion and 56-93% for osteoarthrosis. US is operator-dependent. Better standardization of the technique is required and normal parameters must be set. Standardization is also required for the taxonomic aspects of pathologies. Despite these limitations, US remains potentially useful as an alternative imaging technique for monitoring TMJ disorders, particularly the presence of intrarticular effusion.

Comparison of ultrasonography versus radiography for the diagnosis of dorsal fragmentation of the metacarpophalangeal or metatarsophalangeal joint in horses

To compare clinical usefulness of ultrasonography versus radiography for detection of fragmentation of the dorsal aspect of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints in horses. Cross-sectional study. 36 horses with fragmentation of the MCP (n = 19) and MTP (29) joints. In all joints, radiography (4 standard projections) and ultrasonography were performed prior to arthroscopic examination and fragment removal. Number and location of fragments identified radiographically and ultrasonographically were compared with arthroscopic findings. Radiographic and arthroscopic findings were in agreement with respect to both number and location of fragments in 21 of the 48 (44%) joints. Ultrasonographic and arthroscopic findings were in agreement with respect to number and location of fragments for 46 of the 48 (96%) joints. In the remaining 2 joints, arthroscopy revealed additional fragments that were not identified ultrasonographically. When ultrasonographic findings were compared with radiographic findings, more fragments were seen ultrasonographically in 3 joints and fewer fragments were seen ultrasonographically in 1 joint. Ultrasonographic findings also confirmed the absence (4 joints) or presence (3 joints) of fragmentation at the dorsoproximal aspect of the joint that had been suspected on the basis of radiographic findings. Ultrasonography was also able to determine the location of the fragments in the joints where this was not possible radiographically. Results of the present study suggested that ultrasonography was a useful method for determining the number and location of fragments in horses with dorsal fragmentation of the MCP or MTP joint.