Clinical Nutrition Research Articles

A low-fat amino acid diet reverses intestinal failure and shows good growth trends in five infants with diacylglycerol transferase 1 (DGAT1) deficiency: a prospective cohort study.

Congenital diarrheas and enteropathies (CODEs) caused by diacylglycerol transferase 1 (DGAT1) mutations often cause disease within 2 weeks after birth. If not treated properly, the disease can be life-threatening; therefore, early diagnosis and rational treatment strategies are essential. This study was conducted to improve the understanding of congenital diarrhea caused by DGAT1 deficiency. Clinical data from five congenital diarrhea infant cases caused by DGAT1 deficiency were analyzed. Infants were prospectively provided with a nutritional intervention with a low-fat amino acid formula for special medical purposes (FSMP). Their gastrointestinal symptoms and nutritional complications before and after interventions were compared. Due to poor weight gain and gastrointestinal symptoms after birth, infants were treated by our clinical nutritionist. Genetic testing confirmed a compound heterozygous mutation in DGAT1. Neither hydrolyzed nor high-medium chain triglyceride (MCT) formula significantly alleviated diarrheal symptoms; however, a low-fat amino acid diet rapidly relieved symptoms and significantly improved nutritional status, with infants showing better tolerance to dietary fat content with age. Infants with DGAT1 deficiency can be diagnosed by genetic testing. A low-fat amino acid FSMP formula and diet can quickly relieve diarrhea, vomiting, and other symptoms, and also improve infant growth and development. Ethical approval was obtained from the Medical Ethics Committee of the Children's Hospital of Fudan University (reference code: No.(2022)405).

Impact of L-carnitine supplementation on gastric emptying and bowel function in pediatric ketogenic diet therapy: a clinical trial.

Ketogenic diet (KD) is an excess fat, enough protein, and minimal carbohydrate diet. The high fat content in KD lowers the oesophageal sphincter tone, slows gastric emptying, and decreases intestinal transit time. The primary aim of the current clinical trial was to study the effect of L-carnitine supplementation on gastric emptying in children with drug resistant epilepsy (DRE) on KD. Assessment of the protective effect of L-carnitine on bowel function and habits in those patients was a secondary aim. The current study recruited 30 patients aged 12 months to 18 years newly diagnosed with DRE assigned to start KD who were following up at the Pediatric Clinical Nutrition and Neurology Outpatient Clinics or were admitted due to DRE at the Pediatric Neurology Inpatient Department, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University (Egypt). Participants were assigned randomly into 2 arms; arm I: received KD with L-carnitine supplementation, arm II: received KD only. Patients were assessed at baseline and after 3 months of starting KD, the assessments of children included: 24-hour dietary recall, Chalfont Seizures Severity Scale, gastrointestinal symptoms score and Bristol stool chart, frequency of defecation per week, anthropometric measurements assessment, fasting serum lipid profile and measurement of the antral length by ultrasound. There was significant increase in antral length in the patients who received KD with L-carnitine supplementation compared to the non-supplemented group. The antral length showed a significant negative correlation with GI symptoms score in all cases and the L-carnitine supplemented group. It also showed a significant positive correlation with Bristol stool score in all patients and a significant positive correlation with stool frequency in the L-carnitine supplemented group only. L-carnitine supplementation to children with DRE on KD has a significant role in improving gastric motility and it increases the frequency of defecation. Further studies are recommended to explore additional benefits, meanwhile it is prudent to advise L-carnitine supplementation for such patients.

Comparison of Weight Loss Induced by Dietary and Pharmaceuticals in Individuals with Overweight and Obesity: A Retrospective Study.

This study aims to evaluate the impact of low-carbohydrate diet, balanced dietary guidance, and pharmacotherapy on weight loss among individuals with overweight or obesity over a period of three months. The study involves 339 individuals with overweight or obesity and received weight loss treatment at the Department of Clinical Nutrition at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, between January 1st, 2020 and December 31st, 2023. The primary outcome is the percentage weight loss. Among the studied patients, the majority chose low-carbohydrate diet as their primary treatment (168 [49.56%]), followed by balanced dietary guidance (139[41.00%]) and pharmacotherapy (32 [9.44%]). The total percentage weight loss for patients who were followed up for 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months was 4.98 (3.04,6.29) %,7.93 (5.42, 7.93) % and 10.71 (7.74,13.83) %, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified low-carbohydrate diet as an independent factor associated with percentage weight loss of ≥3% and ≥5% at 1 month (OR [odds ratio] =0.461, P＜0.05; OR=0.349, P＜0.001). The results showed that a low-carbohydrate diet was an effective weight loss strategy in the short term. However, its long-term effects were comparable to those observed with balanced dietary guidance and pharmacotherapy.

Interaction between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Genetic Risk Score on the Risk of Gestational Diabetes.

We aim to assess the interaction between genetic risk and magnesium (Mg) intake during pregnancy on the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Three thousand ninety-six pregnant women from Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort are involved in our study. One hundred twelve susceptibility genetic variants of diabetes are selected and genotyped through Asian Screening Array bead chip. Mg intake were assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire conducted at gestational weeks 25.1 ±2.7 before GDM diagnosis. The study identifies 22 variants associated with GDM. Weighted genetic risk score (GRS) based on these 22 SNPs is associated with higher occurrence of GDM. There is an interaction between GRS and Mg intake on GDM risk (p-interaction = 0.019). Pregnant women with high GRS (≥23.48) and insufficient Mg intake (<370.0mgd-1) have a 1.74 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02, 2.98) fold risk of GDM after adjusting for potential confounders. No such relationship exists among pregnant women with low GRS (<23.48) (adjusted relative risk [RR] = 1.18; 95% CI: 0.73, 1.92). Genetic predisposition to GDM is modified by Mg intake. This suggests that clinical nutrition guidance may benefit from being tailored by screening women with high diabetic genetic risk.

The Analysis Study of Nutritional Management of Patient with Obesity: A Clinical Nutrition Systematic Review

Background: Obesity is a multifactorial condition influenced by a combination of genetic, behavioral, socioeconomic, and environmental factors. The first-line approach for managing obesity typically involves dietary interventions. This systematic review aim to evaluate the current evidence on various nutritional management for obesity based on the literatures of the last 10 years. Methods: The study adhered to PRISMA 2020 standards, examining English literature from 2014 to 2024. It excluded editorials, reviews from the same journal, and submissions without a DOI. PubMed, SagePub, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar were utilized as literature sources. Result: Initially retrieving 360 articles from online databases (PubMed, SagePub, SpringerLink and Google Scholar) eight relevant papers were selected after three rounds of screening for full-text analysis. Conclusion: Different nutritional strategies offer distinct benefits for managing obesity, with Mediterranean, anti-inflammatory, and low-carbohydrate diets showing promise. The key lies in promoting adherence and maintaining weight loss through tailored, sustainable interventions.

Nutritional support for stroke patients: an overview of international data and Russian experience

According to current data, the annual absolute number of strokes and deaths from them increased significantly from 1990 to 2019. In 2019, 12.2 million strokes were registered, while the total number of people who suffered a stroke in the world exceeded 100 million, of whom 6.55 million died. Worldwide, stroke remains the second leading cause of death (11.6%) and the third leading cause of death and disability combined (5.7%). Stroke patients are at high risk of developing malnutrition: its incidence upon admission to the hospital is about 20%, and the overall prevalence of this condition varies widely — from 6.1 to 62%. Both the previous and the resulting malnutrition is the reason for a longer stay in the hospital, deterioration of functional parameters and an increase in mortality 3–6 months after the stroke. Thus, adequate nutritional support for stroke patients should be considered as an integral component of their treatment and rehabilitation. This literature review is intended to summarize the foreign and Russian experience of nutritional support in stroke patients in order to develop an optimal algorithm of actions in the implementation of clinical nutrition in stroke patients and the use of the most effective dietary strategies that improve the prognosis, functional state and quality of life of this category of patients.

Mapping the Past Two Decades of Nutrition and Food Security in Iran: A Co-Word Network Analysis

Background: Food security in communities can prevent health complications, so investigators have made efforts to find its related factors through various fields. This study aims to draw a road map for nutrition and food security research in Iran. Methods: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Islamic World Citation Center were searched for eligible publications in nutrition and food security related to Iran for the two decades from 2001 to 2020. Content analysis was done by a co-word network technique using VOSviewer software. Results: Finally, 28,995 scientific publications among 50,444 search results were eligible to include in this study. The research map was drawn using 403,262 keywords obtained from the title and abstract of the papers. A 23.53% growth rate of publications was seen. Iranian articles were mainly published in scientific journals under 10 subject categories. The highly repeated keywords of "treatment", "plant", "age", "risk", and "consumption" were in publications. Moreover, the articles were categorized into thematic clusters of "environmental and climate change", "health ", "food industry and food safety", and "agriculture and water resources management" which were related to nutrition and food security. An increasing trend was observed in the number of publications during the past two decades in Iran. Conclusion: The relation of clinical nutrition, malnutrition, diet, and in recent years, food production and climate change with food security have been extensively studied by Iranian researchers. However, they have neglected studies on public health and policy in food and nutrition security, which reveals their dominant clinical or agricultural approach.

The role of child nutrition counselling, gender dynamics, and intra-household feeding decision-making on child dietary diversity in semi-arid northern Ghana

Every child has the right to proper nutrition. As such, child nutrition counselling is recommended to improve child dietary diversity and reduce malnutrition. However, there is limited empirical evidence on how child nutrition counselling, gender dynamics, and intra-household feeding decisions play a role and translate to child dietary diversity in rural contexts. Informed by theoretical conceptions from Health Belief Model (HBM) and Gender and Development (GAD) framework, we analyzed cross-sectional data from 517 smallholder households in Ghana's semi-arid Upper West Region to investigate the relationship between child nutrition counselling, gender dynamics, intra-household feeding decision-making, and their impact on child dietary diversity. Results from ordered logistic regression show that households that received child nutrition counselling reported higher child dietary diversity. Joint intra-household feeding decisions were associated with higher child dietary diversity. Households with good self-rated childcare, engaged in home gardening, and higher wealth, as well as those in the Waala ethnic group, were more likely to have high child dietary diversity. A decrease in household head age was linked to increased high child dietary diversity. On the other hand, female-headed households, Brifo ethnic groups, and those in the Wa East and Wa West districts were less likely to experience high child dietary diversity. Implementing interventions and policies prioritizing nutrition education in the Upper West Region and similar sub-Saharan African contexts is recommended. Strategies like scaling up child nutrition counselling, food demonstrations, mother-to-mother support nutrition outreach, and mobile nutrition clinics can empower women and improve children's well-being.

Nourishing sustainability: clinical nutrition’s impact on climate change

IntroductionPreserving our planet's delicate balance is not merely a choice but a responsibility we owe to future generations, ensuring equitable, and sustainable world. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by all United Nations (UN) member states in 2015, offers a collective vision for global peace and prosperity. Central to this agenda are the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which call for unified action from all nations, irrespective of their developmental status, under a global partnership. MethodThis paper examines the SDGs' framework and its applicability to clinical nutrition (CN). We provide a comprehensive narrative review relating to the integration of SDGs in CN practices. Whilst recognising the importance of the SDG framework we elected to focus specifically upon the environmental aspects of CN care. ResultsThe analysis revealed that the SDGs provide a robust framework for promoting sustainability in clinical nutrition. Key findings highlight the interconnection between health improvement and other SDGs, such as poverty reduction and climate action. Effective CN practices contribute to broader sustainable development by ensuring better health outcomes, which in turn support economic growth and reduce inequalities. Additionally, strategies in CN that focus on reducing waste and improving resource efficiency align with environmental sustainability goals. Conclusion: The 17 SDGs offer a comprehensive guide for advancing sustainability across various fields, including clinical nutrition. By adopting these goals, healthcare providers can implement holistic strategies that not only improve health outcomes but also support broader efforts to achieve global sustainability.

Feasibility of a multifaceted nutrition-risk screening tool for mental health settings: the NutriMental screener.

People living with mental illness report a broad spectrum of nutrition risks, beyond malnutrition, but appropriate and adequately validated nutrition risk screening tools for mental health settings are lacking. This study aimed to develop a nutrition-risk screening tool, the NutriMental Screener, and to perform preliminary feasibility and validity testing. In an international, stakeholder engaging approach, a multifaceted nutrition-risk screening tool for mental health services was developed by means of workshops with international stakeholders and two online surveys. Feasibility of the NutriMental screener was tested as part of a research study in Switzerland with 196 participants, evenly distributed across the three study groups (sixty-seven outpatients and sixty-five inpatients with psychotic or depressive disorders as well as sixty-four controls without mental illness). The NutriMental screener consists of ten items covering different nutritional issues that indicate the need for referral to a dietitian or clinical nutritionist. Almost all patients (94·7 %) reported at least one nutrition risk by means of the NutriMental screener. Prevalence for nutrition risks via NutriMental screener was higher in patients than in controls. Almost every second patient expressed a desire for nutritional support (44·7 %). After further validity testing is completed, there is the potential for the NutriMental Screener to replace malnutrition screening tools as routine screening in various mental health settings aiming to organise nutritional therapy prescriptions in a more targeted and efficient manner.

Improving the functional detection of sarcopenic obesity: prevalence and handgrip scoring in the OBESAR cohort.

The study objectives were: 1) to detect early signs of low muscle function and assess sarcopenic obesity (SO) prevalence in patients with obesity; and 2) to introduce a new online diagnostic tool for scoring handgrip strength (HGS), adjusted for age and sex. Patients from the OBESAR cohort (184 men and 499 women) were tested for body composition and functional testing (chair stand test or HGS based on the cutoffs from the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism [ESPEN]/European Association for the Study of Obesity [EASO] or adjusted HGS [adHGS] based on reference values), and SO prevalence was calculated accordingly. Among the 683 patients (mean [SD], age 42.6 [12.8]years; BMI 44.4 [6.3] kg/m2), HGS averaged 25.6 (6.8) kg for women and 43.2 (10.4) kg for men. A total of 25.2% of patients had adHGS lower than the 10th percentile, but this was true for only 5.6% using ESPEN/EASO cutoffs of HGS. SO prevalence rates were different according to functional tests: 5.4%, 24.5%, and 3.2% for HGS, adHGS, and the chair stand test, respectively. Using adHGS through a scoring process considering age and sex may help to detect early signs of SO in a primary care setting in order to better prevent SO through a personalized approach in adults with obesity. A free online application, "GRip And Sarcopenia Prediction" (GRASP), is proposed to diagnose probable SO.

Unveiling the intrinsic role of malnutrition in patients with Crohn's disease undergoing major surgery using entropy balancing weighting analysis.

The negative role of malnutrition in patients with Crohn's disease is known; however, many coexisting disease-related factors could cause misinterpretation of the real culprit. This study aimed to describe the role of malnutrition using a novel methodology, entropy balancing. This was a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients undergoing elective major surgery for Crohn's disease, preoperatively screened following the European Society for Clinical Nutrition guidelines. Two-step entropy balancing was applied to the group of malnourished patients to obtain an equal cohort having a null or low risk of malnutrition. The first reweighting homogenised the cohorts for non-modifiable confounding factors. The second reweighting matched the two groups for modifiable nutritional factors, assuming successful treatment of malnutrition. The entropy balancing was evaluated using the d-value. Postoperative results are reported as mean difference or OR, with a 95 % CI. Of the 183 patients, 69 (37·7 %) were at moderate/high risk for malnutrition. The malnourished patients had lower BMI (d = 1·000), Hb (d = 0·715), serum albumin (d = 0·981), a higher lymphocyte count (d = 0·124), Charlson Comorbidity Index (d = 0·257), American Society of Anaesthesiologists (d = 0·327) and Harvey-Bradshaw scores (d = 0·696). Protective loop ileostomy was more frequently performed (d = 0·648) in the malnourished group. After the first reweighting, malnourished patients experienced a prolonged length of stay (mean difference = 1·9; 0·11, 3·71, days), higher overall complication rate (OR 4·42; 1·39, 13·97) and higher comprehensive complication index score (mean difference = 8·9; 2·2 15·7). After thesecond reweighting, the postoperative course of the two groups was comparable. Entropy balancing showed the independent role of preoperative malnutrition and the possible advantages obtainable from a pre-habilitation programme in Crohn's disease patients awaiting surgery.

Impact of MaNu dietary counselling on Oxidative Stress and Gestational Weight Gain during pregnancy

Abstract According to the WHO guidelines, to counteract the excessive weight gain during pregnancy and to mitigate the increase in oxidative stress (OS) which naturally increases during pregnancy, a healthy lifestyle and a correct diet are crucial as preventive measures to promote health. The MaNu project was conceived precisely to control these factors through dietary counselling. We expect that pregnant women who voluntarily undergo an educational program consisting of specific and accurate dietary advice will be able to emphasize weight control and contain the increase in OS. Our randomized controlled trial (RCT) has a parallel group design and takes place in the Obstetrics and Clinical Nutrition Departments of Michele and Pietro Ferrero Hospital (Verduno, north-western Italy), where physiological pregnant women are enrolled between 12-17 gestational weeks (GWs). The educational intervention takes place between 12-24 GWs. Dietary habits were collected with a questionnaire and urine samples were analysed to quantify the OS using 15-F2t-isoprostane, malondialdehyde and total antioxidant power. The descriptive analyses are based on paired t-tests. Preliminary analyses on 76 women who completed two out of three time points (T0 and T1) indicate that, of women who received the intervention, 35% experienced excessive weight gain (based on guidelines), compared to 39% shown by controls. Following the counselling, the 15-F2t-isoprostane decreased significantly (mean T0=5.1 ng/ml vs. mean T1=3.5 ng/ml, p = 0.02). Concerning nutrient intake, a statistically significant reduction in sugar consumption has been found in the intervention group (mean T0=92.2 g vs. mean T1=83.3 g, p = 0.03). Conversely, no correlations have been detected between OS and the main pro and anti-oxidant macronutrients. Although promising, our findings need further verification since the RCT is still ongoing, and it is imperative to attain the anticipated sample size before drawing any definitive conclusions. Key messages • Dietary counselling during pregnancy should be implemented as a preventive strategy used to counteract potential pregnancy complications and ensure the well-being of both the mother and the baby. • Healthy diet is essential to control the increase in oxidative stress levels during pregnancy and to prevent excessive weight gain, factors that can lead to the onset of pregnancy complications.

Perioperative Nutritional Support Case Study for a Patient Undergoing Gluteus Maximus Flap Transfer Surgery for Pressure Ulcer

Pressure ulcers are caused by prolonged pressure on local tissues, leading to continuous ischemia, hypoxia, and malnutrition, resulting in tissue necrosis. Patients with pressure ulcers often experience varying degrees of malnutrition due to gut flora imbalance and a hypercatabolic state. This paper documents the case of a patient with a sacral pressure ulcer admitted to the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University on November 28, 2023. Clinical nutrition treatment began on the second day of admission, including dietary guidance and enteral nutrition intervention. The patient's nutritional status gradually improved, leading to a successful recovery. By reviewing the nutritional treatment process and clinical outcomes, this case study provides valuable insights into the nutritional management of pressure ulcer patients.

Community-Engaged Approaches for Improving the Inclusion of Diverse Communities in a Nutrition Clinical Trial.

Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) disproportionately affects African American/Black (AA) and Latino communities. CMD disparities are exacerbated by their underrepresentation in clinical trials for CMD treatments including nutritional interventions. The study aimed to (1) form a precision nutrition community consultant panel (PNCCP) representative of Latino and AA communities in Los Angeles to identify barriers and facilitators to recruitment and retention of diverse communities into nutrition clinical trials and (2) develop culturally informed strategies to improve trial diversity. A deliberative community engagement approach was used to form a PNCCP for the Nutrition for Precision Health (NPH) trial, part of the of the All of Us research initiative. The PNCCP included individuals that provide services for Latino and AA communities who met during 11 virtual sessions over 1 year. Discussion topics included enhancing recruitment and cultural acceptance of the NPH trial. We summarized CCP recommendations by theme using an inductive qualitative approach. The PNCCP included 17 adults (35% AA, 47% Latino). Four thematic recommendations emerged: reducing structural barriers to recruitment, the need for recruitment materials to be culturally tailored and participant-centered, community-engaged trial recruitment, and making nutrition trial procedures inclusive and acceptable. We outlined the study response to feedback, including the constraints that limited implementation of suggestions. This study centers community voices regarding the recruitment and retention of AA and Latino communities into a nutrition clinical trial. It highlights the importance of community engagement early on in protocol development and maintaining flexibility to enhance inclusion of diverse communities in nutrition clinical trials.

Prevalence of Malnutrition and Micronutrient Deficiencies in Older Adults with Ulcerative Colitis.

The nutritional status and consequences of malnutrition among older adults with ulcerative colitis (UC) are not known. We conducted a retrospective study of patients 65years ≥ with Ulcerative colitis (UC). Malnutrition was defined using the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) definition. Eight micronutrients and nutrition-related outcomes were measured. The Saskatchewan Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Nutrition Risk Tool was utilized to identify patients at risk for malnutrition. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Characteristics of patients with and without malnutrition were compared using Chi-Square test or Fisher's exact tests (analysis of variance for age). Two-hundred and ninety patients with a mean age of 73.4years were included. 54% of patients had moderate-to-severe UC, with 52% receiving advanced therapy. Fifty-one patients (18%) met criteria for malnutrition, 17% were moderate-high risk for malnutrition, and 87% were low risk. Two-hundred and twenty patients (76%) had at least one micronutrient deficiency: 38% vitamin D, 43% iron, and 11% B12. Half of patients had osteoporosis or osteopenia (49%), however, only 39% of high-risk patients had undergone a DEXA scan. The majority of patients were not found to have malnutrition, however, the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies among older adults with UC was high. This population is at particularly high risk for bone-related disease, yet a significant proportion of patients are not undergoing guideline-directed bone density testing. These findings illustrate the need for regular screening for malnutrition, micronutrient deficiency, and bone-related disease in older adults with UC.

Size-controlled interfacial crystallization of A-type resistant starch microparticles via acetone precipitation

Short-chain glucan (SCG) recrystallization has emerged as an effective approach for producing resistant starch microparticle (RSP), which hold promise in both food science and clinical nutrition. This study introduces a novel method utilizing Tween 80 (TW80) to mediate the interfacial recrystallization of SCG into A-type crystalline RSP (ARSP) through acetone precipitation. TW80 plays a crucial role by stabilizing water-in-oil microemulsion droplets within acetone-oil mixtures, facilitating the formation of uniform and spherical ARSP ranging in size from 0.2 μm to 2 μm. The surface characteristics of ARSP, including porosity and smoothness, are notably influenced by SCG concentration. As SCG concentration increases, the melting temperature of ARSP rises from 117 °C to 145 °C, accompanied by a decrease in average surface area from 12.07 to 8.35 m2/g, alongside an increase in crystallinity. Moreover, the in vitro digestion test revealed that the digestion rate of ARSP was decreased from 0.73 h−1 to 0.39 h−1 with increasing SCG concentration, while increasing the resistant starch (RS) content in ARSP from 48.6% to 70.5%. This enhancement offers a strategic approach for modulating the digestion rate of ARSP, presenting opportunities for tailored release profiles and improved stability in food science applications. These findings underscore the potential of ARSP as a functional ingredient with significant implications for nutritional and clinical settings.

Shaping the future: perspectives on the Integration of Artificial Intelligence in health profession education: a multi-country survey

BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) is transforming health profession education (HPE) through personalized learning technologies. HPE students must also learn about AI to understand its impact on healthcare delivery. We examined HPE students’ AI-related knowledge and attitudes, and perceived challenges in integrating AI in HPE.MethodsThis cross-sectional included medical, nursing, physiotherapy, and clinical nutrition students from four public universities in Jordan, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Egypt. Data were collected between February and October 2023 via an online survey that covered five main domains: benefits of AI in healthcare, negative impact on patient trust, negative impact on the future of healthcare professionals, inclusion of AI in HPE curricula, and challenges hindering integration of AI in HPE.ResultsOf 642 participants, 66.4% reported low AI knowledge levels. The UAE had the largest proportion of students with low knowledge (72.7%). The majority (54.4%) of participants had learned about AI outside their curriculum, mainly through social media (66%). Overall, 51.2% expressed positive attitudes toward AI, with Egypt showing the largest proportion of positive attitudes (59.1%). Although most participants viewed AI in healthcare positively (91%), significant variations were observed in other domains. The majority (77.6%) supported integrating AI in HPE, especially in Egypt (82.3%). A perceived negative impact of AI on patient trust was expressed by 43.5% of participants, particularly in Egypt (54.7%). Only 18.1% of participants were concerned about the impact of AI on future healthcare professionals, with the largest proportion from Egypt (33.0%). Some participants (34.4%) perceived AI integration as challenging, notably in the UAE (47.6%). Common barriers included lack of expert training (53%), awareness (50%), and interest in AI (41%).ConclusionThis study clarified key considerations when integrating AI in HPE. Enhancing students’ awareness and fostering innovation in an AI-driven medical landscape are crucial for effectively incorporating AI in HPE curricula.

Nutrition support pharmacy practices in hospitalized cancer patients admitted to bone marrow transplant units: A 3-year retrospective analysis of clinical nutrition support pharmacists’ interventions

Nutrition support pharmacy practices in hospitalized cancer patients admitted to bone marrow transplant units: A 3-year retrospective analysis of clinical nutrition support pharmacists’ interventions

Research trends in nutritional interventions for stroke: a bibliometric analysis and literature review.

Over the past 23 years, there has been a thorough analysis of literature concerning nutritional interventions, nutrients, and feeding approaches related to stroke. Furthermore, a scientific knowledge map was established, elucidating the current state of research, examining its development and trends, and offering new research viewpoints for the future. This study aimed to investigate global and emerging research trends in nutritional interventions for stroke from 2000 to 2023 through bibliometric analysis. A bibliometric analysis of literature from the Core Collection of Scientific Networks for the years 2000-2022 was conducted. CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and bibliometric graphical software were used to identify major contributors to publications, including authors, countries, institutions, journals, references, and keywords. The bibliometric analysis yielded a total of 464 publications. This is a gradually increasing number in terms of the number of publications during the study period. China had the highest number of publications. Clinical Nutrition" was the journal with the highest number of relevant publications, and the most commonly used keywords were "stroke," "nutrition" and "malnutrition." These analyses reveal research trends in nutritional therapy for stroke from 2000 to 2023 and point to prospective research frontiers. This study provides a deeper understanding of what nutritional treatment of stroke entails and provides guidance and support for future research in this area.