Clinical Examination Findings Research Articles

Surgical management of sublingual salivary mucocele (ranula) in a Maltese dog- a case report

A 10-year-old Maltese male dog was brought to the Shahedul Alam Quadery Teaching Veterinary Hospital (SAQTVH), Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU) with the complaint of gradually enlarged soft swelling ventral to the left side of the tongue during the last four days with a history of difficult swallowing, abnormal protrusion of the tongue and excessive salivation. On clinical examination, soft, fluctuant, painless mass was palpated physically in the left side of sublingual tissues just beneath the tongue. The respiratory rate, heart rate and rectal temperature were within the normal values. Radiographic examination revealed a radio-lucent mass on the right lateral view, an anechoic round structure was found on ultrasonographic examination. Paracentesis of the mass reveals clear saliva-like fluid, which was mucoid. Based on the history, clinical examination and imaging findings, the condition was diagnosed as sublingual salivary mucocele (Ranula), which was corrected surgically under inhalation anesthesia. Antibiotic, antihistaminic and pain killer was administered postoperatively. The dog starts fed normally after three days of surgery and completely recovered after 5 days. Surgical excision can be an effective treatment for sublingual salivary mucocele in dogs.

A Pilot Nurse-Led Tele-Counseling Intervention to Parents of Children With Cerebral Visual Impairment on Adherence to Eye Activities During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pre-experimental Study.

AimTo assess the impact of a culturally appropriate and theoretically driven nurse-led tele-counseling intervention to parents of children with cerebral visual impairment (CVI) on the adherence to visual therapy advised by the ophthalmologists.DesignA pre-experimental design was used.MethodsParents of children with CVI aged 2–9 years were enroled telephonically during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic through the Pediatric Ophthalmology Clinic of a tertiary eye care center. Pre-assessment of participants was done telephonically as per the interview schedule. As per the protocol, the trained nurse-delivered tele-counseling intervention two times weekly for the first 2 weeks and weekly for the next 2 weeks via audio and video two-way tele-interaction with parents. A CVI information booklet was shared with parents via WhatsApp interface and individualized visual therapy was reinforced in accordance with the advice of the treating ophthalmologist. It was based on a thorough review of clinical records of the child, such as a detailed CVI questionnaire, history, and findings of clinical examination and neuro-visual behavior of a child. In addition, parents were encouraged to maintain a diary of the daily sessions of visual therapy and share recorded videos of their training exercises which were then evaluated and discussed with the ophthalmologist for any deviation. Outcome measures included adherence to eye activities for 7–8 sessions per day. Data were analyzed by using SPSS statistics for windows, version 20.ResultsOverall, improvement of adherence to visual therapy was observed among children with CVI (p < 0.0001). Nearly half (47.6%) of participants adhered to 3–4 sessions/day and only 28.6% were adherent to the recommended 7–8 sessions/day.ConclusionThe pilot study demonstrated the potential of the nurse-led tele-counseling intervention to supplement the ongoing health treatment of patients in improving the adherence to eye activities among parents of children with CVI.

Combined Endonasal and Orbital Approach for Resection of Orbital Apical Tumors.

Tumors of the medial orbital apex can be challenging to resect. Primary endonasal resection can be limited by requirements for fat retraction and poor angulation for lateral orbital dissection. Orbital resection alone can have space limitations and a limited view for dissection of the posterior aspect of the tumor. The combined transorbital transnasal approach integrates the retraction and instrumentation advantages of the transorbital approach with the optical and space advantages of the transnasal approach. In this cross-sectional cohort study, patients who underwent surgical resection of an apical orbital tumor via a combined endoscopic and orbital approach from 2014 to 2019 were identified. Clinical history, examination findings, imaging, surgical technique, histopathology, and complications were reviewed. Six patients were included. Patients presented with proptosis (5), optic neuropathy (3), and motility restriction (2). Surgery involved a medial orbitotomy and endoscopic ethmoidectomy ± sphenoidotomy, medial wall removal, and periosteum opening. The lesion was prolapsed into the sinus, dissected at the apex via the orbital approach, and removed through the nasal cavity. Pathologic diagnoses were cavernous venous malformation (4), venolymphatic malformation (1), and metastatic carcinoid (1). Improvement in pain (2/2), optic neuropathy (2/3), and proptosis (5/5) were noted. Complications included ethmoid mucocele and nasal polyps. The combined endonasal and orbital approach involves prolapsing the lesion into the nasal cavity to aid in dissection on the lateral and posterior aspects, maximizing visibility of the tight intraconal space. This technique can be performed by a team of orbital surgeons experienced in both orbital and endonasal surgery.

A study of Iron store in Bone marrow and its correlation in various anemia

incidence of anaemia is a very common but prevalence of anaemia is disproportionately high in developing countries. With proper clinical history, haematological and bone marrow examination findings proper evaluation and management of patients with anaemia can be made. Microscopic examination of bone marrow aspirate is the gold standard for assessing marrow iron store. However, conventional Gale’s method assesses iron in marrow fragments alone which provides little valuable information about functional iron deficiency seen in many chronic diseases. Thisstudy is conducted to measure iron grading using perl’s Prussian blue staining in various hematological conditions. A descriptive study of Perl’s Prussian blue stained bone marrow aspirate smears of 130 patients with anaemia. A CBC, Reticulocyte count and Bone marrow iron was assessed by the Gale’s method in this study.After excluding 9 cases of dry tap, 121 cases were evaluated in our study. 78.57% of cases (61 cases) diagnosedas microcytic anaemia had iron store very low (grade 0 and 1). In patients with megaloblastic anaemia (15 cases), 46.7% of cases (7 cases) had iron store grade was normal, but in 8 cases iron grade was low. In patients with dimorphic anaemia (23 cases), 78.3% of cases (18 cases) had iron store grade was normal.Bone marrow aspiration with application of Prussian blue stain is useful to investigate patients with suspected iron deficiency anaemia, anaemia of chronic disease, megaloblastic anaemia and acute leukemia.

Treatment decision for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome : Differential diagnostic considerations and the introduction of astage concept for treatment

Anamnestic findings, clinical examination and radiological findings are presented, as well as thoughts for differential diagnosis and the introduction of astage concept for treatment. The treatment of FAI is based on a patient's individual symptoms, the clinical examination and radiological findings. The procedure depends on anumber of facts. Individual conditions have to be considered, and the procedure needs to follow principal rules. Therefore, we propose astandard for treatment, which ranges from purely conservative measurements to extensive surgery.

Clinico-Radiological Profile and Outcome of Airway Foreign Body Aspiration in Children: A Single-Center Experience From a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern India.

BackgroundForeign body aspiration is one of the leading causes of childhood morbidity and mortality among older infants and toddler age groups. Missed and delayed diagnosis of foreign body aspiration can lead to increased incidence of complications. Early diagnosis can prevent life-threatening complications and morbidity. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiological details, types, localization of foreign bodies, complications, and outcomes in pediatric patients who presented to our hospital with foreign body aspiration.MethodologyWe conducted a retrospective analysis of hospital case records of children aged one month to 14 years who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics between June 2018 and May 2020, with clinical suspicion of foreign body aspiration.ResultsA total of 22 children with a diagnosis of airway foreign body were included. The mean age of presentation was three years (SD: ±2.22), with a boy-to-girl ratio of 3.4:1. Cough (81.8%) and tachypnea (72.7%) were the most common clinical symptoms. The median duration between symptom onset and diagnosis was three (interquartile range: 6) days. Unilateral reduced breath sound (81.8%) was the most common clinical examination finding. The common site of impaction was the right main bronchus in 59.1% of cases. The foreign bodies retrieved during bronchoscopy were organic substances in 63.6% of cases, with peanuts being the most common (31.8%). Chest radiographs were normal in 36.3% of cases, and common abnormalities included hyperinflation, collapse, consolidation, and mediastinal shift. Mechanical ventilation was required in 54.5% of cases. The mean duration of hospitalization was five (SD: ±2.84) days. Complications such as pneumothorax were seen in one (4.5%) case. Mortality was seen in 4.54% of cases during the bronchoscopic procedures.ConclusionsForeign body aspiration was common in young male children, with cough being the common symptom. Normal X-rays of the chest were seen in one-third of cases. The common site of impaction was the right main bronchus, and organic substances such as peanuts were common foreign bodies retrieved. Strong clinical suspicion of foreign body aspiration should be kept in cases with acute onset of cough in young children. Prompt medical attention is needed to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with foreign body aspiration.

MRI Evaluation of Cervical Carcinoma Stage II at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City

Background: Diagnosis of clinical staging is very crucial for the management of cervical carcinoma.&#x0D; Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the MRI and clinical staging of IIA and IIB cervical carcinoma.&#x0D; Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Radiology &amp; Imaging at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh with the collaboration of Obstetrics and Gynecology unit as well as the Department of Pathology of Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2010 to June 2012 for a period of two years. All patients with MRI examination who had given the written permission for the use of their data for research purposes at the time of their scan were selected as study population. The cervix and vagina were visually inspected for superficial evidence of the extent of tumor. Biopsied were not routinely performed since patients were usually referred only after a biopsy and had confirmed the diagnosis of invasive carcinoma. Assessments of the extent of tumor, parametrial extension, lymph nodes were evaluated. Then the findings of MRI clinical examination, surgical findings and histopathological reports were recorded on a preformed data sheet. Finally, the diagnostic effectiveness of MRI staging and clinical FIGO staging were evaluated against the surgico-histopathological reports.&#x0D; Result: A total number of 30 patients were recruited for this study. The mean age with SD of the study population were 57.82±13.34 years. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of MRI of the detection of IIA of cervical carcinoma was 80.0%, 100.0%, 100.0%, 90.9% and 93.33% respectively. However, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of clinical examination of the detection of IIA of cervical carcinoma was 84.34%, 63.86%, 84.87%, 45.86% and 67.44% respectively.&#x0D; Conclusion: In conclusion the diagnostic validity of MRI for the detection of carcinoma cervix stage IIA is better than clinical examination.&#x0D; Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 113-117

The prevalence of Chlamydia psittaci in confiscated Psittacidae in Colombia

Chlamydia psittaci is a highly zoonotic bacteria distributed worldwide; it is responsible for psittacosis, one of the most important infectious diseases affecting the Psittacidae, mostly parrots. This work was aimed at determining C. psittaci prevalence and genotype in 177 parrots confiscated in Colombia; cloacal swab (166) and faecal (177) samples were analysed from birds confiscated and housed in a Temporary Wildlife Reception Centre (Centro de Reception de Fauna Temporal). Conventional PCR was run on the samples for amplifying the MOMP gene and then the ompA gene. The C. psittaci genotype A was found in 81.3 % (144/177) of the birds analysed. Cloacal swabs accounted for 129/166 (77.7 %) positive samples and faecal matter for 53/177 (29.9 %), 38 birds proving positive for both types of sample; there was an 8.15 times greater probability of detection for cloacal swabs compared to faecal swabs (p < 0.05). Clinical examination findings were correlated with the animals’ positivity for cloacal swabs, faecal matter or both, finding a statistically significant relationship with low respiratory rate (p < 0.05) and broken plumage for cloacal swab sample results (p < 0.1). Even though 85 % seroprevalence has previously been reported in Colombia using indirect ELISA, this study reports for the first time C. psittaci genotype A endemicity in psittacines in captivity in Colombia using molecular techniques, considering the zoonotic risk involved in having these birds as pets.

Development of radiographic classification criteria for hand osteoarthritis: a methodological report (Phase 2)

ObjectivesIn Phase 1 of developing new hand osteoarthritis (OA) classification criteria, features associated with hand OA were identified in a population with hand complaints. Radiographic findings could better discriminate patients...

A case of hepatic adrenal rest tumor diagnosed by various clinical examination findings

A case of hepatic adrenal rest tumor diagnosed by various clinical examination findings

Effect of in utero exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection on pregnancy outcomes and growth and development of infants: protocol for a multicentre ambispective cohort study in India

IntroductionPoor pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in infants born to COVID-19 positive mothers have been reported, but there is insufficient evidence regarding subsequent growth and development of these children. Our study...

Pilot Study of Smartphone Infrared Pupillography and Pupillometry.

PurposeTo describe and validate a novel portable smartphone-based infrared pupillographer.Materials and MethodsA prototype infrared smartphone pupillographer device was custom designed for this project. Infrared video and photo pupillography were attempted on 12 patients with different clinical pupillary examination findings. Captured pupillography media files were assessed by three masked investigators, and the agreement between their qualitative clinical evaluation was tested against the evaluation of the neuro-ophthalmologist who performed the real-time examination and pupillography. Quantitative measurements of the pupillary diameter were performed by three investigators using a custom designed smartphone application on three different smartphones and on a personal computer. Measurements obtained by the three investigators using the smartphone and the desktop computer were compared.ResultsInfrared video pupillography of high quality was successfully captured for light and near pupillary reflexes, and infrared still photographs were obtained in light and dark conditions in 23 eyes of the 12 patients. Examination findings included relative afferent pupillary defect (n = 5), normal pupillary examination (n = 4), anisocoria (n = 2), and relative afferent pupillary reflex by reverse (n = 1). There was 100% agreement in the qualitative pupillary evaluation of the masked investigators compared with real time clinical examination. Quantitative measurements of pupillary size obtained on the smartphone and desktop computer showed excellent agreement among the three investigators with intraclass correlation (ICC) coefficient ranging from 0.982–0.986 (P<0.001) and 0.995 (P<0.001) for the smartphone and the desktop computer groups, respectively. Level of agreement ranged between −0.27 and 0.32. Mean pupil diameter errors were 0.03 ± 0.15 mm between groups (P = 0.248).ConclusionThis pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of smartphone-based infrared pupillography for high quality photo and video documentation of pupillary examination at the bedside and in the clinic with accurate and reproducible measurements of the pupillary size in light and dark conditions.

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy Improves Refractory Perianal Fistula in Crohn's Disease: Case Series Clinical Interventional Study.

Objective Perianal fistulas in Crohn’s disease (CD) are the main challenges in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Some of the fistulas are refractory to any therapeutic strategy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as a novel promising modality for the treatment of fistulizing CD. Materials and Methods This case series clinical interventional study was conducted from 2014 to 2017 at Shariati Hospital, an IBD referral center in Tehran, Iran. Refractory adult patients with CD who had draining perianal fistulas were enrolled in this study. All patients were examined by a colorectal surgeon and the fistula imaging studies were performed by pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). After autologous bone marrow (BM) aspiration and MSCs isolation, the cells were cultured and passaged under current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) conditions. Four intra-fistula injections of cells, each containing 40×106 MSCs suspended in fibrin glue, were administered by an expert surgeon every 4 weeks. Procedure safety, feasibility and closure of the perianal fistulas at week 24 were assessed. Clinical examination and MRI findings were considered as the primary end points. Results In total, 5 patients (2 males and 3 females) were enrolled in this study. No adverse events were observed during the six-month follow-up in these patients. Both the Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and Perianal Disease Activity Index (PDAI) scores decreased in all patients after cell injections and one patient achieved complete remission with closure of fistulas, discontinuation of fistula discharge, and closure of the external opening. ConclusionLocal injection of MSCs combined with fibrin glue is potentially a safe and effective therapeutic approach for complex perianal fistulas in patients with CD.

Superficial abdominal reflex in syringomyelia: Associations with Chiari I malformation

An abnormal or absent superficial abdominal reflex (SAR) may be associated with an underlying spinal cord syrinx. The sensitivity of an abnormal or absent SAR and the relationship to Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) or syrinx morphology has not been studied. We aimed to describe the relationship between SAR abnormalities and syrinx size, location, and etiology. Children who underwent brain or c-spine MRI over 11 years were reviewed in this retrospective cohort study. Patients with idiopathic and CM-I–associated syringes (axial diameter ≥ 3 mm) were included. Clinical examination findings (including SAR) and imaging characteristics were analyzed. Of 271 patients with spinal cord syrinx, 200 had either CM-I–associated or idiopathic syrinx, and 128 of these patients had SAR-evaluation documentation. Forty-eight percent (62/128) had an abnormal or absent reflex. Abnormal/absent SAR was more common in patients with CM-I–associated syrinx (61%) compared with idiopathic syrinx (22%) (P < 0.0001). Abnormal/absent SAR was associated with wider syringes (P < 0.001), longer syringes (P < 0.05), and a more cranial location of the syrinx (P < 0.0001). Controlling for CM-I, scoliosis, age, sex, cranial extent of syrinx, and syrinx dimensions, CM-I was independently associated with abnormal or absent SAR (OR 4.2, 95% CI 1.4–14, P < 0.01). Finally, the sensitivity of SAR for identifying a patient with syrinx was 48.1%. An abnormal/absent SAR was present in most patients with CM-I–associated syrinx but in a minority of patients with idiopathic syrinx. This has implications for pathophysiology of CM-I–associated syrinx and in guiding clinical care of patients presenting with syrinx.

Innovations in Health Professionals' Education; the 'Video Case Scenario' or MOSCE.

To develop a new model of case scenarios for medical students attending practical exams, in a more feasible and effective method for practical assessment exams, so as to improve the quality of assessment both subjectively and objectively, and bridge the gap produced by paper cases and clinical scenarios. We involved real patients as well as mock subjects who voluntarily co-operated for the video recordings, and used typical formats for 'history taking' which were carefully curated, edited and drafted into their final form and shape before presenting to the students. This was combined with clinical and local examination findings of the respective case history. Combining both, the students were asked to write case sheets and narrate them. A greater number of students reported increased satisfaction and level of confidence after exposure to the video case scenarios, compared to discussing paper cases in either online or offline mode, and this difference was statistically significant. A chi-square test was used to measure the satisfaction score with paper cases and video case scenarios, using the number of students who provided responses on a Likert type scale presented through a Google survey. Video case scenarios are an effective method for teaching clinical case presentation, and are also a more efficient way for assessment, fostering active listening skills and critical thinking. This exam model can bring about a uniform, objective and standardized way of evaluating the students.

An unreadable face: our experience

Bilateral facial nerve palsy (FNP) is a rare condition, representing less than 2% of all cases of FNP. Majority of these patients have underlying medical conditions, ranging from neurologic, infectious, neoplastic, traumatic, or metabolic disorders. The differential diagnosis of its causes is extensive and hence can present as a diagnostic challenge. We report a case of a 27-year-old male who presented to the ENT OPD with sequential bilateral facial nerve paralysis which was delayed onset and post traumatic. This article is an attempt by the authors to stress the importance of combing clinical examination and radiological findings to decision making and to evaluate the various treatment options in this rare entity.

Outcome of Postoperative Facial Nerve Function Following Electromyographic Facial Nerve Monitoring During Parotidectomy for Benign Lesions: a Retrospective Study.

Does use of Facial nerve monitors during parotidectomy decrease incidence of facial paralysis/paresis without useof facial paresis?This study was done to compare the incidence, grade and risk factors of facial palsy in patients undergoing parotidectomy for benign parotid lesions with and without use of facial nerve monitor. This is a retrospective study. Eighty parotid patients operated for benign parotid lesions from 2013 to 2020 were retrospectively analysed. Demography details, history of the patients, history of addictions, clinical examination findings, investigation findings like the biopsy report, FNAC report, imaging i.e., CT / MRI / USG, use of intraoperative facial nerve monitor, time taken to identify the facial nerve, postoperative facial nerve palsy, facial nerve stimulation test and recovery time were analysed. Fifty patients were operated without use of facial nerve monitor, and 30 patients were operated using facial nerve monitor. Postoperative facial nerve complications were seen in 28 out of 80 patients (35%). Postoperative facial nerve complications were observed in 5 out of 30 patients (20%) in whom facial nerve monitoring was used. Marginal mandibular nerve palsy was observed in 4 patients and 1 patient had weakness of both marginal mandibular and orbital branches. While in postoperative facial nerve complications were observed in 25 out of 50 patients (50%), marginal mandibular nerve palsy was observed in 15 patients (40%), grade 3 facial palsy was observed in 3 out of 50 patients (6%), and grade 4 facial palsy were observed in 2 out of 50 patients (4%). The use of intraoperative FNM significantly lowered the incidence of paralysis.

Clinical and Echocardiographic Assessment of Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Introduction: Cardiomyopathy is the disorder of the heart muscles which can be dilated, hypertrophic or restrictive type. Dilated cardiomyopathy is caused by genetic and non-genetic causes but many of the causes are still not known. Echocardiography is an important imaging technique to diagnose and manage dilated cardiomyopathy.&#x0D; Aims: This study aims to assess the clinical and echocardiographic findings among patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.&#x0D; Methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational study conducted in Nepalgunj Medical College from January 2021 to June 2021. A total of 61 patients with dilated Cardiomyopathy were enrolled after obtaining written informed consent. Clinical examination and echocardiographic findings were recorded and data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences.&#x0D; Results: The participants included 31 men and 30 women with dilated cardiomyopathy. The mean age of the participants was 58.49 + 15.46 years. The most common complaint was shortness of breath 84.5% and the most common clinical presentation was bilateral basal crepitation 98.4%. The patients mostly had diastolic left ventricle internal diameter of 5.5-6 cm and ejection fraction of 21-30%. Mitral regurgitation was observed among most 58(95.1%) of the patients.&#x0D; Conclusion: This study concludes that shortness of breath and bilateral basal crepitation are the most common presentation. Left ventricle dilation, reduced ejection fraction and mitral regurgitation are seen among majority of the patients.

Biallelic loss of TRAPPC9 function links vesicle trafficking pathway to autosomal recessive intellectual disability.

The trafficking protein particle (TRAPP) complex subunit 9 (C9) protein is a member of TRAPP-II complexes and regulates vesicle trafficking. Biallelic mutations in the TRAPPC9 gene are responsible for intellectual disability with expanded developmental delay, epilepsy, microcephaly, and brain atrophy. TRAPPC9-related disease list is still expanding, however, the functional effects of only a limited fraction of these have been studied. In a patient with a pathological variant in TRAPPC9, clinical examination and cranial imaging findings were evaluated. Whole-exome sequencing, followed by Sanger sequencing was performed to detect and verify the variant. To confirm the functional effect of the mutation; variant mRNA and protein expression levels were evaluated by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Immunostaining for TRAPPC9 and lipid droplet accumulation were examined. We have identified a novel homozygousc.696C>G (p.Phe232Leu) pathogenic variant in TRAPPC9 (NM_031466.6) gene as a cause of severe developmental delay. Functional characterization of the TRAPPC9 variant resulted in decreased mRNA and protein expression. The intracellular findings showed that TRAPPC9 protein build-up around the nucleus in mutant type while there was no specific accumulation in the control cell line. This disrupted protein pattern affected the amount of neutral lipid-carrying vesicles and their homogenous distribution at a decreasing level. Biallelic variants in the TRAPPC9 gene have been reported as the underlying cause of intellectual disability. This study provides functional evidence of the novel variant in TRAPPC9 We demonstrated that the loss of function variant exclusively targeting TRAPPC9 may explicate the neurological findings through vesicle trafficking.

Recipients' pregnancy rate was affected by season but not by the temperature-humidity index (THI) in an equine commercial ET programme in Southern Europe.

This study retrospectively analysed the effects of different environmental factors such as the photoperiod, temperature/humidity index of 19years of a commercial embryo transfer programme performed in central Italy. From 340 donors of different breeds and aged between 2 and 25years, 576 embryos of an excellent or good quality were obtained by uterine flushing on days 7-8 after ovulation. The embryos were transferred to 259 recipients, aged between 2 and 16years, and belonging to different breeds. Both the donors and the recipients were employed for several cycles/years. At the time of transfer, the recipients were in diestrus, from day 4 to day 8 after ovulation, and were classified as excellent or good based on clinical examination findings. Out of the total number of embryos transferred, 437 pregnancies were obtained at 14days (75.9%), with 48/437 (10.1%) embryonic losses at 40days; with no significant differences among years. Significant differences (p<.05) were observed between 14-day pregnancy rates for transfers performed during the spring transition and breeding seasons (77.1%) compared to those performed during the autumn transitional season (57.9%). No effect of temperature/humidity index was found on pregnancy rates or pregnancy losses after the transfer to the recipients (p>.05). Embryo transfer during autumn was less successful than the transfers performed during the spring transition and the breeding season.