Clinical-epidemiological Profile Of Patients Research Articles

Colonized patients by Candida auris: Third and largest outbreak in Brazil and impact of biofilm formation.

To describe the clinical-epidemiological features of patients colonized by Candida auris in the largest outbreak in Brazil and to show the biofilm formation capacity of yeast strains. Clinical yeasts suspected of C. auris isolated from urine and surveillance samples were seeded on chromogenic media at 30°C and Sabouraud agar at 42°C. matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectometry was used for reliable identification. After proteomic confirmation, the genomic approach and culture on Chromagar Candida Plus media were carried out. Biofilm formation was investigated based on metabolic activity, and the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients was described. A total of 11 C. auris clinical yeasts from nine patients were identified between the end of December 2021 and March 2022. Two clinical yeasts were isolates from urine and nine clinical yeasts were isolates from axillary and inguinal surveillance swabs. No case is related to previous Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, all the yeasts showed a high ability of biofilm formation. C. auris requires great vigilance as its high capacity to colonize and form biofilms contributes to its dissemination. The rapid and precise identification of this species is essential for the management, control, and prevention of infections.

Clinical-epidemiological profile of patients with tuberculosis in Alagoas

Clinical-epidemiological profile of patients with tuberculosis in Alagoas

1319Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Viral Hepatitis C in Oran

Abstract Introduction The clinical epidemiological profile of patients with viral hepatitis C appears to differ from population. It is well established that in the West, the two main modes of hepatitis C virus contamination are blood transfusion and addiction. However, in our region, risk factors for transmission remain poorly identified and poorly quantified Thus, the objective of this study is to chart the epidemiological profile and to show the share of the different risk factors reported among the modes of transmission of HCV in this category of Oranese patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with patients with chronic viral hepatitis C, admitted to the gastroenterology services of the Oran University Hospital and prospectively collected from 2009 until 2015 for therapeutic management. The data were collected using a standardized questionnaire and processed on SPSS 20.0. Results There are 289 cases of viral hepatitis C; female predominance (sex ratio of 0.56). Their average age is 48.9±12.9 years. The G1 genotype is slightly with a frequency of 48.4% followed by the G2 with 37.7%. Among the probable modes of contamination reported, dental care ranked first with 54.7% followed by surgical procedures in 26.3%. Traditional practices such as hijama and scarification were found in 51.9% of cases. Conclusion Apart from the known contamination factors in the literature, we must not overlook the very important part of traditional practices that are closely linked to the traditions and beliefs of our region. Awareness campaigns should be adopted on hygiene practices to ensure good care safety. Keywords HCV, Contamination Patterns, Genotype, Risk

Epidemiology of Spinal cord Injury in references trauma center in Curitiba (Paraná, Brazil)

ABSTRACT Objective: To outline the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients who were victims of SCT, to identify the main trauma mechanisms for this injury and its outcome. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study, in which the epidemiological data, computed tomography reports and medical records of patients with fractures identified in their examinations at trauma reference hospitals in Curitiba-PR, in 2018, were analyzed. Results: 705 patients were studied. There was a male prevalence (64%), the most affected age group was 21 to 30 years old (18%), the mean age was 48.23 years, the mean female age being approximately 10 years higher. The main mechanisms were traffic accidents (34%), falls from a higher level (29%) and falls from the same level (25%). The most affected segment was the lumbar with 46% of cases. The incidence of surgical treatment was 15%, of spinal cord injury was 5%, and death was the outcome in less than 3% of cases. Conclusions: The profile of the patient victim of SCT in 2018 in Curitiba-PR was that of a young man, victim of a traffic accident with thoracolumbar involvement without spinal cord injury, under conservative treatment.Level of evidence II; Retrospective Study.

Temporal changes in the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients with Chagas disease at a referral center in Brazil.

INTRODUCTION We aimed to describe the sociodemographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics of patients with chronic Chagas disease (CD) at an infectious disease referral center. Changes in patient profiles over time were also evaluated. METHODS This retrospective study included patients with CD from November 1986-December 2019. All patients underwent an evaluation protocol that included sociodemographic profile; epidemiological history; anamnesis; and physical, cardiologic, and digestive examinations. Trend differences for each 5-year period from 1986 to 2019 were tested using a nonparametric trend test for continuous and generalized linear models with binomial distribution for categorical variables. RESULTS A total of 2,168 patients (52.2% women) were included, with a mean age of 47.8 years old. White patients with low levels of education predominated. The reported transmission mode was vectorial in 90.2% of cases. The majority came from areas with a high prevalence (52.2%) and morbidity (67.8%) of CD. The most common clinical presentation was the indeterminate form (44.9%). The number of patients referred gradually decreased and the age at admission increased during the study period, as did the patients’ levels of education. CONCLUSIONS The clinical profile of CD is characterized by a predominance of the indeterminate form of the disease. Regarding the patients who were followed up at the referral center, there was a progressive increase in the mean age and a concomitant decrease in the number of new patients. This reflects the successful control of vector and transfusion transmission in Brazil as well as the aging population of patients with CD.

Clinical-epidemiological profile of patients with pressure injuries in the hospital context

Objective: describe the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients with pressure injuries admitted to a university hospital. Method: descriptive study with 122 patients with pressure injuries admitted to a university hospital between January 2018 and December 2019. Data were collected from patients’ medical records and from the Serviço Assistencial de Cuidados com a Pele (Skin Care Assistance Service) database. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results: pressure injuries predominated among adults and the elderly, browns, who studied up to elementary school and had no partner. There was a similarity between the sexes. The patients had, mainly, infectious disease, one or more comorbidities, nutritional alteration, mixed incontinence and used nutritional therapy, but did not present dermatitis associated with incontinence and smoking history. Most patients were classified as high risk of pressure injury. The study totaled 237 lesions, most of which were acquired before admission, not classifiable, located in the sacrococcygeal region, treated topically with hydrogel with alginate and hydrocolloid, and not healed at the time of hospital discharge. Conclusion: the studydescribed important aspects of the characterization of pressure injuries, as well as the people affected by this serious health problem, which can optimize prevention and treatment actions.

Perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos pacientes com lesão por pressão no contexto hospitalar

Objetivo: descrever o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos pacientes com lesão por pressão internados em um hospital universitário. Método: estudo descritivo com 122 pacientes com lesão por pressão internados em um hospital universitário, entre janeiro de 2018 e dezembro de 2019. Os dados foram coletados nos prontuários dos pacientes e no banco de dados do Serviço Assistencial de Cuidados com a Pele. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva para análise dos dados. Resultados: as lesões por pressão predominaram entre adultos e idosos, pardos, que estudaram até o ensino fundamental e não possuíam companheiro. Houve semelhança entre os sexos. Os pacientes possuíam, principalmente, doença infecciosa, uma ou mais comorbidades, alteração nutricional, incontinência mista e utilizavam terapia nutricional, mas não apresentavam dermatite associada à incontinência e histórico de tabagismo. A maioria dos pacientes foi classificada como risco alto de lesão por pressão. O estudo totalizou 237 lesões, sendo a maior parte adquirida antes da internação, não classificável, localizada na região sacrococcígea, tratada topicamente com hidrogel com alginato e hidrocoloide, e não cicatrizada no momento da alta hospitalar. Conclusão: o estudo descreveu aspectos importantes da caracterização das lesões por pressão, assim como das pessoas acometidas por esse grave problema de saúde, o que pode otimizar as ações de prevenção e tratamento.

Perfil de pacientes vítimas de fraturas internados em um hospital universitário: estudo transversal

OBJETIVO: Descrever o perfil clínico epidemiológico dose pacientes vítimas de fraturas internados em um hospital universitário do Maranhão. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um E estudo descritivo transversal, retrospectivo e de abordagem quantitativa, realizado a partir da análise de prontuários destes pacientes no Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (HU-UFMA) no setor de traumato-ortopedia. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 251 prontuários, em que no qual houve predomínio do sexo masculino (52,59%), cor parda (64,1%), residentes em São Luís (57%), solteiros (51%), baixa escolaridade, apresentando maior índice de ensino fundamental incompleto (35,3%) e a média de idade foi de 45,4 anos. O tipo de trauma que mais causou fraturas foram as quedas, com 127 vítimas (50,6%), seguido dos acidentes de trânsito com (27,8%) de acidentes motociclísticos, (3,98%) de acidentes automobilísticos, (3,98%) de atropelamentos. Quanto às regiões corpóreas mais acometidas, observou-se com maior frequência as lesões nos membros inferiores (MMII), sendo 33,47% fraturas de fêmur, 23,11% de tíbia e 11,95% de tornozelo. O tipo de cirurgia mais realizado foi a osteossíntese, para a estabilização do seguimento, com 82,87% de prevalência. Desses pacientes 98,8% obtiveram alta hospitalar após procedimento cirúrgico com mediana de 3 dias de internação e 1,2% evoluíram para óbito. CONCLUSÃO: Houve maior prevalência de fraturas entre os indivíduos do sexo masculino, solteiros, compreendidos na faixa etária de 13 a 38 anos, o mecanismo de trauma com maiores números de casos foram quedas e acidentes de trânsito, com maior acometimento dose membros inferiores.

Screening for neuropathic pain in patients with sickle cell disease: is a single assessment scale sufficient?

BackgroundThe objectives of this study were to delineate the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients with neuropathic pain (NP) in the groups of SCD patients, from each of the three questionnaires used DN-4, painDETECT - PDQ, LANSS and to compare these three questionnaires in NP evaluation in SCD carriers. This cross-sectional study evaluated 83 patients with symptomatic SCD, aged 14 years or older. Clinical and laboratory data were extracted from the patients’ charts and from information obtained from the patients during the interview before the application of the questionnaire. The calculations were performed using the statistical software Epi InfoTM 7. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to compare the neuropathic pain evaluation scales with the software BioEstat 5.3.ResultsThe use of two or more questionnaires may increase the suspicion of NP in patients with SCD and, with a confirmed diagnosis, adequate treatments will benefit patients.

Clinical-epidemiological profile of orofacial fissures in a reference center from northeast Brazil

To describe the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients with orofacial fissures treated at a reference center from northeast Brazil. Descriptive study, based on secondary data obtained from medical records. Sociodemographic information of patients and their mothers, use of medication during pregnancy, clinical and surgical aspects related to fissures, family history of malformation, and consanguinity among the parents were investigated. Data were analyzed descriptively using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) statistical program to obtain frequency, mean and standard deviation measures. 51.1% of the patients with orofacial fissures were female, 46.2% were under one year of age and 54.4% lived in urban areas. The majority of mothers were between the ages of 16 and 25 during the gestational period, and 59.2% reported the use of medication. Cleft lip and palate were the most prevalent types of fissures (34.4%). On admission to the Craniofacial Anomaly Rehabilitation Center, 90.5% of the individuals had not yet undergone surgical treatment. Family history of fissure was found in 29.8% of the cases studied, but inbreeding among parents was reported in only 7.1% of them. Socioeconomic and genetic factors can influence the development of orofacial fissures; this requires greater governmental attention as well as new studies for better investigation.

Clinical-epidemiological aspects of patients submitted to Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in a university hospital.

To outline the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients submitted to Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in a Reference Hospital in Urgent Cardiology Clinic of the state of Rio Grande do Norte. This is a descriptive, exploratory, prospective study with a quantitative approach developed in a Brazilian University Hospital with patients submitted to Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Data collection occurred between April and October 2017. The sample consisted of 222 patients, of whom 58.10% underwent Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and 41.89% were primary, 65.3% males, with a mean age of 62.7. In comorbidities "Hypertension", "Acute Myocardial Infarction", "Current Smoking" and "Physical Inactivity" were highlighted. In the elective patients, there was a high prevalence of risk factors and in patients with urgent cases, high time of total ischemia. It is necessary to create strategies to structure the care line, to improve the effectiveness of treatment and to minimize adverse outcomes.

Vigilância das síndromes neurológicas notificadas no HFSE em um contexto de epidemia de Zika, chikungunya e dengue

Justificativa e Objetivos: a ocorrência de manifestações neurológicas no contexto da circulação dos vírus da dengue(DENV), Zika(ZIKV) e chikungunya(CHIKV) no Brasil é um desafio para a vigilância epidemiológica. Objetivo: descrever o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos pacientes notificados no HFSE com síndromes neurológicas potencialmente associadas ao DENV, CHIKV e ZIKV, em 2015 e 2016. 
 Métodos: estudo observacional, com análise de bases secundárias e coleta de dados em prontuários e fichas de investigação epidemiológica do HFSE. Incluídos todos os casos notificados em 2015 e 2016, que atendessem aos critérios: a) síndrome neurológica de origem indeterminada e registro de infecção viral prévia até 60 dias antes do início do quadro neurológico, confirmados laboratorialmente ou não; b) síndrome neurológica sem registro de infecção viral prévia até 60 dias antes do início do quadro neurológico, com confirmação laboratorial para DENV, CHIKV e ZIKV em líquor, soro ou urina. Variáveis analisadas: sexo, idade, raça/cor, escolaridade, município de residência, sinais e sintomas, diagnóstico sindrômico e etiológico do quadro neurológico, local/tempo de internação e evolução. 
 Resultados: 72 casos notificados: 61,1% homens, idade mediana 37 anos, quadro neurológico com síndrome de Guillain-Barré(SGB) 34,7% e meningoencefalite 31,9%. Foram classificados como associados a arboviroses 39 casos (54,1%), dos quais 14 pelo critério laboratorial (3 ZIKV, 6 CHIKV, 4 DENV, 1 DENV+ CHIKV) e 25 por critério clínico-epidemiológico. Nos laboratorialmente confirmados o percentual de meningoencefalite (57,1%) ultrapassou SGB (35,7%). 
 Conclusão: o diagnóstico diferencial entre as arboviroses nesse contexto é um desafio para a vigilância epidemiológica, destacando-se o predomínio da SGB e das meningoencefalites.
 PALAVRAS-CHAVE: infecção por arbovírus; manifestações neurológicas; Epidemiologia.

Clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with hypertensive peak after Ahmed glaucoma valve implant

Objective: To report the clinical epidemiological profile of patients who presented the hypertensive peak after VAT and to indicate possible associated risk factors. Methods: A retrospective, observational and descriptive study (review of medical records of patients assisted in the IBOPC) from 2014 to 2016. Results: We analyzed 40 patients with glaucoma submitted to Ahmed Glaucoma Valve implant. The most common preoperative diagnosis was secondary glaucoma, with the most frequent corneal penetrating post-transplant indication. 95% of the surgeries were of isolated [...]

Characterisation of clinical epidemiological profile of patients with facial lipoatrophy, living with AIDS, submitted to facial filling with polymethylmethacrylate

Background : Patients living with AIDS and on Antiretroviral Therapy are likely to develop Lipodystrophy syndrome. Soft tissue filler with Polymethylmethacrylate is an option to treat Facial Lipoatrophy. It is a small procedure performed on an outpatient basis. Aimet to characterise the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients living with AIDS, who developed Facial Lipoatrophy and who underwent facial filler with Polymethylmethacrylate. Methods: A descriptive, observational study with 63 patients with AIDS, Facial Lipoatrophy, submitted to facial filling with Polymethylmethacrylate. As sources for data collection, data were analysed from records, and the Protocol Lipodystrophy Clinic of the Municipal STD/AIDS and Viral Hepatitis of Sao Bernardo do Campo, in Sao Paulo, Brazil, of patients treated between January and July 2009. Results: On average, HIV was diagnosed for 11.5 years, mean duration of antiretroviral therapy for 10 years and mean duration of 3.8 years for Facial Lipoatrophy. Most made use of Stavudine and/or Efavirenz. At the beginning of treatment, the mean dosage of CD4 was 284 cells/mm ³ and at the time of filling the average was 709 cells/mm³. Cholesterol levels were elevated in 44.4%, and the triglycerides were elevated in 66.7%. here were practically no adverse effects from the filling. Conclusion: On average, HIV was diagnosed for 11.5 years, mean duration of antiretroviral therapy for 10 years and mean duration of 3.8 years for Facial Lipoatrophy.

Clinical-epidemiological profile of patients with cardiovascular diseases in Petrolina city, Pernambuco, Brazil

ABSTRACTObjective: to know the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with cardiovascular disease at a medical clinic at a public hospital in Petrolina/PE city. Method: this is a descriptive and exploratory study from qualitative and quantitative approaches, carried out in the medical clinic of the Hospital Emergency and Trauma from September to October 2009. The survey sample consisted of 24 clients admitted and with cardiovascular diseases, and data were obtained through review of records and semi-structured interviews. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Instituto Materno Infantil de Pernambuco Professor Fernando Figueira/IMIP, protocol number 1568. Results: proved, after analysis of the data that the greatest affected by cardiovascular disease were older people with low education who had habits of smoking and drinking. The personal and family history also influenced the development of heart disease, this risk increases when associated with socioeconomic disadvantage. Among cardiovascular diseases, stood out heart failure with 58%. Conclusion: after analyzing the data, it was felt that health professionals have a challenge, which consists in changing the lifestyle of the general population, working in health promotion and disease prevention in the different spheres of industry health. Descriptors: coronary disease; epidemiology; inpatient.RESUMOObjetivo: conhecer o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos portadores de doenças cardiovasculares em uma clínica médica de um hospital público da cidade de Petrolina/PE. Método: estudo descritivo, exploratório de abordagem quali-quantitativa, realizado na clinica médica do Hospital de Urgência e Traumas nos meses de setembro e outubro de 2009. A amostra da pesquisa foi composta por 24 clientes internados e portadores de doenças cardiovasculares, cujos dados foram obtidos através da análise de seus prontuários e de entrevistas semi-estruturadas. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética do Instituto Materno Infantil de Pernambuco Professor Fernando Figueira/IMIP, sob nº de protocolo 1568. Resultados: revelou-se, após analise dos dados que os maiores acometidos pelas doenças cardiovasculares foram pessoas idosas, com baixa escolaridade que possuíam hábitos de fumar e beber. Os antecedentes pessoais e familiares também influenciaram no desenvolvimento de cardiopatias, esse risco aumenta quando associado aos fatores socioeconômicos desfavoráveis. Dentre as doenças cardiovasculares, destacou-se a insuficiência cardíaca com 58%. Conclusão: após analise dos dados, percebeu-se que os profissionais de saúde possuem um desafio, o qual consiste em mudar o estilo de vida da população em geral, trabalhando a promoção da saúde e a prevenção de doenças nas diversas esferas do setor saúde. Descritores: doença das coronárias; epidemiologia; pacientes internados.RESUMENObjetivo: conocer las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes con enfermedad cardiovascular en una clínica médica en un hospital público en la ciudad de Petrolina/PE. Método: estudio descriptivo, exploratorio cualitativo y cuantitativo, realizado en la clínica médica del Hospital de Emergencia y Trauma de septiembre la octubre de 2009. La muestra de la encuesta consistió en 24 pacientes internados y con enfermedades cardiovasculares, y los datos fueron obtenidos mediante la revisión de documentos y entrevistas semi-estructuradas. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética del Instituto Materno Infantil de Pernambuco Profesor Fernando Figueira/IMIP, numero de protocol 1568. Resultados: demostrado, tras el análisis de los datos que los mayores afectados por enfermedades cardiovasculares fueron las personas mayores con bajo nivel de educación que tenía hábitos de fumar y beber. Los antecedentes personales y familiares también influyeron en el desarrollo de la enfermedad cardíaca, el riesgo aumenta cuando se asocia con desventaja socioeconómica. Entre las enfermedades cardiovasculares, fallo en el corazón quedó con el 58%. Conclusión: Después de analizar los datos, se consideró que los profesionales de la salud tienen un reto, que consiste en cambiar el estilo de vida de la población en general, trabajando en promoción de la salud y prevención de enfermedades en las diferentes esferas de la industria salud. Descriptores: enfermedad coronaria; la epidemiología; hospitalización.

Bronquiectasia localizada e multissegmentar: perfil clínico-epidemiológico e resultado do tratamento cirúrgico em 67 casos

A bronquiectasia, doença rara no Primeiro Mundo, tem alta prevalência nos países em desenvolvimento. No Brasil, as principais causas são infecções respiratórias, virais ou bacterianas na infância e tuberculose. A antibioticoterapia diminui consideravelmente a morbidade, mas nos pacientes com sintomatologia persistente, a ressecção cirúrgica oferece maior possibilidade de cura ou melhor qualidade de vida. Objetivos: Avaliar prospectivamente o perfil clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes com bronquiectasia e o resultado do tratamento cirúrgico em dois hospitais da rede pública de saúde de Fortaleza (CE), na região Nordeste do Brasil. Casuística e método: Foram estudados dados demográficos, etiologia da doença e complicações e sucesso terapêutico da cirurgia de 67 portadores de bronquiectasia operados de agosto de 1989 a março de 1999. Resultados: Os pacientes, 39 mulheres e 28 homens, tinham idade média de 32,5 ± 14,1 anos e as causas mais freqüentes da bronquiectasia foram infecções bacterianas ou virais (44,8%) e tuberculose (31,3%). A doença era localizada em 46 pacientes e multissegmentar em 21, sendo bilateral em seis. Não houve óbito cirúrgico e as complicações pós-operatórias foram mais freqüentes nos pacientes com bronquiectasia multissegmentar (9/21 versus 6/46, p = 0,011). Dos 62 pacientes com seguimento, 49 foram curados, dez melhoraram e três não obtiveram benefícios. O resultado foi excelente em 39 pacientes com doença localizada e em dez com doença multissegmentar (p < 0,001). Conclusão: O resultado mostra dois grupos distintos de pacientes: os com bronquiectasia localizada, que apresentam menos complicações cirúrgicas e melhores resultados pós-operatórios, e os com bronquiectasia multissegmentar.