Challenges Of Climate Change Research Articles

The effect of climate change on economic growth in European countries: an empirical evidence from Panel ARDL approach.

This paper examined the impact of climate change on economic growth using panel data from 20 European countries during the period 1990-2020 and the estimation techniques of cointegration and the ARDL model. The empirical results reveal that precipitation; labour force and CO2 emissions have a positive effect on long-term economic growth in sample countries. However, temperature, foreign direct investment, and urbanization have a negative effect on growth over the same period. Therefore, our study highlights the complex links between climate, demographic, and economic developments in European countries over the past three decades. Urbanizations, as a driver of urban development, and FDI, indicators of economic attractiveness, influence not only economic dynamics but also environmental impacts, exacerbating the challenges of CO₂ emissions and climate change.

Impacts of Factors of Production and Public Policy on the US and China Offshore Wind Industries Analysis

In 2023, global carbon dioxide emissions climbed to a staggering new high of 37.4 metric tons, a grim situation driven primarily by the massive consumption of fossil fuels, particularly coal. In this context, the offshore wind power industry has emerged as a key part of tackling climate change and emission reduction challenges. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of how productive factors and public policy work together to shape the development of the offshore wind industry in the United States and China, highlighting the importance of land availability, labor market quality and size, and capital investment flows in shaping the future of the industry. At the same time, the paper also carefully examines how the government can effectively attract and promote investors to participate in offshore wind power projects through a series of public policies, such as tax incentives, subsidies and other financial incentives. The results show that China has a clear lead in the offshore wind market compared to the United States. This paper aims to make insightful suggestions for the sustainable development of offshore wind power industry in both countries through comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the two countries.

A Comparative Analysis of the Policy Frameworks and Formation Mechanisms of the Biofuel Industry in China and the United States

At present, the world is facing the great challenge of climate change, and there is an urgent need to transform the energy system to cope with the environmental crisis. As a kind of clean energy with great potential, biofuel is regarded as an effective way to get rid of fossil fuel dependence and reduce carbon emissions. Both China and the US, the world's two largest carbon emitters, see biofuels as a key strategy to reduce the environmental burden and ensure energy self-sufficiency. However, the two governments' incentives for the biofuel industry are very different. This paper aims to explore the policy structures and incentives in the biofuel sector in China and the United States, and analyze the root causes of these differences in detail. This study aims to reveal the similarities and differences between the policies of the two countries through comparative analysis, provide useful references and enlightenment for policy makers, and help build a more scientific and reasonable biofuel development blueprint.

Contribution of earth bricks reinforced with African locust bean pod powder (Parkia biglobosa) to sustainable construction in Togo: Characterization, formulation, mechanical performance, and recommendations

In response to the challenges of climate change, this study explores the use of moringa pod powder as reinforcement in the manufacture of compressed earth bricks to promote sustainable building materials. The objective is to evaluate the impact of African locust bean pod powder on the mechanical properties of the bricks. Two types of soils from Togo were characterized according to geotechnical standards. Mixtures containing 8% African locust bean pod powder at various particle sizes (0.08 mm, 2 mm, and between 2 and 5 mm) were formulated and tested for compression and tensile strength. The results show that the addition of African locust bean pod reduces the mechanical strength of the bricks compared to the control sample without pods, with strengths ranging from 0.697 to 0.767 MPa, compared to 0.967 to 1.060 MPa for the control. However, the best performances for the mixtures were obtained with a fineness of less than 2 mm. This decrease in performance is attributed to several factors, including inadequate water content and suboptimal preparation and compaction methods. Optimizing formulation parameters is necessary to maximize the effectiveness of African locust bean pods. This work highlights the valorization of agro-industrial waste, paving the way for a better understanding of bio-based materials and future research for sustainable construction.

Unveiling the Contemporary Research Direction and Current Business Management Strategies for Port Decarbonization Through a Systematic Review

Port decarbonization is becoming an increasingly critical focus in the maritime industry. It facilitates prioritizing compliance with the latest regulatory updates introduced by the International Maritime Organization, the European Union, and national governments. It is also seen as a key element to tackling climate change challenges. Hence, it is essential to comprehend recent developments in port decarbonization research to address sustainability requirements of the industry. This article reveals the recent research directions and current industrial practices in response to port decarbonization requirements by employing a holistic view of the literature. The methodology of this research uses a detailed qualitative approach framework to conduct an in-depth analysis of contemporary research publications. In this study, 75 recent publications in the literature are examined in-depth using systematic review, thematic analysis, and content analysis. The findings of this study suggest a significant emphasis on innovative technologies and collaborative strategies for achieving decarbonization goals. Another important contribution of this study is the identification of key barriers and facilitators in the implementation of decarbonization practices at ports. This study also encompasses future research directions by identifying existing themes, contents, and research gaps in the literature. It is anticipated that the outcomes of this article will shed light on the main research motivations and policymaking requirements in the field of port decarbonization.

Addressing Climate Change Challenges in Thailand’s Agricultural Economy

Climate change is rapidly intensifying, leading to a surge in climate-related disasters worldwide. Thailand's agricultural sector, a cornerstone of its economy and food security, is particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of these climatic shifts. This study delves into the multifaceted challenges faced by stakeholders in Thailand's agricultural sector, shedding light on the impact of climate change on their livelihoods and the broader food security landscape. Through in-depth interviews and thematic analysis, this research explores the experiences and perspectives of key stakeholders within the agricultural community. Participants consistently highlighted the disruptive influence of erratic rainfall patterns and rising temperatures on crop productivity and economic stability. These climate-induced challenges have exacerbated food shortages, compromised livelihoods, and heightened food insecurity. The study also underscores the critical importance of food security and the imperative to adopt resilient agricultural practices. To mitigate the impacts of climate change, it is essential to integrate climate change education into the Thai education system. This will equip future generations of farmers with the knowledge and skills necessary to adapt to changing climatic conditions and implement sustainable agricultural strategies.

Red sorghum [Sorghum bicolor L. Moench]: A biochemical, nutritional hub and key food supplement - a review

Red sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) stands out as a crucial dietary staple food, particularly in economically disadvantaged and food-insecure regions worldwide. Its diversity among landraces makes India a key hub for production. Red sorghum, renowned for its nutrient density and stress tolerance, holds immense potential as an alternate crop amidst climate change challenges. This review explores red sorghum's grain structure and nutritional profile, emphasizing its macronutrient and micronutrient composition, dietary fibre content, soluble sugars and bioactive secondary metabolites, including phenols, tannins and flavonoids. Understanding these aspects underscores the importance of red sorghum in addressing nutritional deficiencies and forecasting agricultural sustainability. Red sorghum offers many health benefits, particularly as a gluten-free alternative for individuals with celiac disease. Its rich phenolic compounds exhibit potential in combating carcinoma, while its starch composition, including slowly digestible starch, benefits diabetics with its low glycemic index. Combining sorghum with probiotic milk reduces oxidative stress in chronic renal disorders. Sorghum emerges as a versatile gluten-free ingredient rich in minerals and phenolic compounds, offering health benefits in various food products like cookies, RTE cereals, pasta and pet food. Additionally, exploring sorghum's genetic variations and health impacts paves the way for developing nutritionally superior varieties with robust agronomic traits.

Sustainable Development in Islamic Theology: From Occasion-Driven Approaches to a Comprehensive Understanding of Sustainability Using the Example of Water-Related Fatwas in Jordan

The Islamic environmental theology (IET) that emerged in the 20th century is analyzed and two main strands are pursued: the efforts to protect the environment derived from the thinking of some Muslim scholars and activists in Europe and North America, and the discourse of Muslim theologians in Arab countries such as Egypt and Jordan that developed in the face of environmental destruction and associated problems in the societies concerned. The topic of water, i.e., the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of clean water and access to sanitation, played a particularly important initial role in the discourse in Arab countries. Jordan, for example, is one of the most water-scarce countries in the world and, since 2010, various fatwas have been seen, such as expert opinions from the General Iftaa’ Department, the state authority for Islamic jurisprudence in Jordan, on the use of water. The discourse of Muslim jurists on the Sustainable Development Goals in general has developed from this. At the same time, it is obvious that the normative theology in Arab countries is more reactive than progressive concerning the challenges of climate change. This article comes to the conclusion that Islamic theology, even if it starts from the same resources of tradition, comes to form different discourses depending on the regional context. This study will show how institutions of Islamic law respond to climate change and what flexibility is inherent in Islamic theology to meet these challenges.

Path Analysis of The Carbon Market's Impact on Corporate Carbon Emission Reduction

The focus of this study is to explore how carbon markets have been effective in motivating companies to reduce carbon emissions globally. Through the setting of emission quotas and a series of fair and strict trading rules, the carbon market not only stimulates the intrinsic motivation of enterprises to reduce greenhouse gas emissions but also pushes forward climate governance on a global scale. This paper elaborates on the theoretical basis and operational mechanism of the carbon market, especially its key role in facilitating enterprises to reduce emissions through economic incentives, improving their ability to comply with environmental regulations, creating more market access opportunities, promoting innovation in environmental technologies, and enhancing the green brand image of enterprises in the eyes of the public. This study aims to provide insights for business managers to help them optimize their carbon reduction strategies and references for policymakers to promote corporate emissions reduction more efficiently and accurately when formulating relevant policies to jointly address global climate change challenges.

UNDERSTANDING THE ADOPTION AND IMPACT OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES ON CLIMATE CHANGE AWARENESS: EVIDENCE FROM UNIVERSITY GRADUATES IN PAKISTAN

Climate change is a pressing issue that significantly impacts agriculture, health, biodiversity, water resources, forests, and the socioeconomic well-being of populations, particularly in developing and least developed nations. Raising public awareness of climate change through accurate knowledge is a key strategy to encourage proactive mitigation and adaptation efforts. This study investigates the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) by university graduates to enhance climate change awareness, focusing on the role of both educators and students in knowledge transfer within academic environments. The research was conducted across 15 major universities in Pakistan, using a structured questionnaire to collect data on demographic, socio-cultural, technological, and economic factors influencing graduates’ awareness and perceptions of climate change. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to assess the impact of ICTs on climate change awareness. The results indicate that access to smartphones, agricultural magazines, news bulletins, newspapers, television, and internet connectivity significantly enhances climate change awareness. However, access to radio and computers or laptops did not show a significant impact. Universities should integrate ICT-based training and outreach activities into their curricula, promoting technological solutions that address climate change challenges. Furthermore, collaboration between technological solution providers, environmental departments, and academic institutions is recommended to design ICT-driven strategies for raising climate change awareness among the youth.

Using Biotechnology to Create Transgenic Crops that Resist Climate Change

Climate change is a major threat to food security, especially for farmers in vulnerable areas facing the challenges of climate change. This study aimed to modify the plant genome to increase tolerance to extreme climatic conditions such as drought and high temperatures using genetic engineering methods based on CRISPR-Cas9 technology. Transgenic and control plants were grown in a laboratory experimental design with a quantitative approach. The results showed that the transgenic plants consistently outperformed the control plants under drought, high temperature, and low nutrient conditions. The transgenic plant showed a growth rate of 15.2 and average productivity of 25.7, higher than the control (12.3 and 19.1). Under high temperature conditions, the increase in productivity was even greater, reaching 33.2%, indicating that the inserted HSP gene successfully protects important proteins from heat stress damage. Genetic modification through the expression of genes such as DREB1A, HSP70, and PHR1 was shown to increase plant resistance to environmental stress. With these findings, biotechnology provides a real opportunity to build more adaptive and sustainable agricultural systems, supporting global food needs amid the intensifying challenges of global warming. This research is very relevant in answering the big challenge in the future, which is how to ensure biotechnology can be utilised sustainably to meet the world's growing food needs, without compromising ecosystems and biodiversity.

Microbiota dynamics and source tracing during the growing, aging, and decomposing processes of Eucommia ulmoides leaves.

Eucommia ulmoides, an important tree, faces serious threat to its growth from environmental stress, particularly climate change. Using plant microbes to enhance host adaptation to respond climate change challenges has been recognized as a viable and sustainable strategy. However, it is still unclear how the perennial tree microbiota varies across phenological stages and the links between respective changes in aboveground and belowground niches. Here, we sequenced 27 root and 27 leaf samples of E. ulmoides using 16S rRNA and ITS amplicon sequencing techniques. These samples were obtained from the three main phenological stages of leaves, including leaf growing, aging and decomposing stages. Results showed that the diversity, composition, and function of the leaf microbiota of E. ulmoides showed more obvious changes at three phenological time points compared to roots. Regarding alpha diversity, the root microbiota showed no difference across three sampling stages, while the leaf microbiota varied with sampling stages. Regarding beta diversity, the root microbiota clustered from different sampling stages, while the leaf microbiota exhibited distinct separation. Regarding composition and function, the dominant taxa and main functions of the root microbiota were the same in three sampling stages, while the leaf microbiota in the decomposing stage was obviously different from the remaining two stages. Additionally, taxa overlap and source-sink relationship existed between E. ulmoides microbiota. Specifically, the degree of overlap among root microbiota was higher than that of leaf microbiota in three sampling stages. The bidirectional source-sink relationship that existed between the root and leaf niches varied with sampling stage. During the leaf growing and aging stages, the proportion of microbial members migrating from roots to leaves was higher than the proportion of members migrating from leaves to roots. During the leaf decomposing stage, the migration characteristics of the fungal community between the root and leaf niches maintained the same as in the remaining two stages, but the proportion of bacterial members migrating from leaves to roots was significantly higher than that of members migrating from roots to leaves. Our findings provide crucial foundational information for utilizing E. ulmoides microbiota to benefit their host under climate change challenges.

Effects of urbanization on the ephemeral lake flood risks under subtropical humid monsoon climate

Study regionPoyang Lake region, China. Study focusThis study focuses on addressing severe summer monsoon floods in the Poyang Lake region under subtropical monsoon climate conditions. Employing the Seasonal Water Yield analysis within the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs framework to investigate and assess the impacts of subtropical monsoon climate and urban dynamics on regional flood risk. By combining simulation results with analysis of regional urban distribution, the study aims to identify sensitive changes in flood hazard characteristics. Ultimately, the research seeks to enhance regional flood resilience to address climate change and urban development challenges. New hydrological insights for the regionUpon analyzing the model simulation results, we discovered that the subtropical humid monsoon climate contributes significantly, accounting for 35.98 % of surface runoff variability during the ephemeral lake region's flood season. Rapid urbanization amplifies the negative impact of land use change on surface runoff (with a contribution rate of 26.00 %). In urban agglomeration areas, surface runoff increased by 30 mm, and the area with surface runoff production of 60–90 mm increased by 120.33 km2. Implementing proactive ecological management measures around lakes and riverbanks has mitigated flood risks across 22 administrative regions, reducing high-risk flood areas by 92.15 km². Restoration of lake flood storage capacity has significantly bolstered resilience against flood disasters.

Protein quality evaluation: FAO perspective.

United Nations agencies have a unique role in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and aligned global nutrition targets by 2030. According to the latest estimates the world is moving backward in its efforts to end hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition in the presence of a more challenging and uncertain context, including climate change, war conflicts and other challenges. Shifts to plant and novel foods such as insects have been suggested to have good nutritional quality, as well as less environmental impact compared to "traditional" animal source foods. In the context of changing food systems, considering the nutritional quality of foods is essential and accurately assessing protein quality of foods is particularly important, given the large variability in amino acid composition and digestibility between dietary proteins. Indeed, protein quality estimates have the potential to inform policies and programs for actions to improve nutrition throughout the world and have been discussed during past and recent expert consultations. Recently, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations has been working with the International Atomic Energy Agency and international experts to review and update evidence and related methods on protein quality assessment and to develop a Protein Digestibility Database to aid dialog on the evaluation of protein quality and protein sufficiency in different populations.

Green Innovation Among Transportation Enterprises in Guangdong, China Basis for Sustainable Development Model

With escalating global climate change and environmental challenges, green innovation has emerged as a pivotal strategy for enterprises to achieve sustainable development. This study investigates the status of green innovation and its impact on sustainable development within transportation enterprises in Guangdong Province. Data were gathered through questionnaires from six representative enterprises and analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression methods. The findings indicate that while substantial progress has been made in applying green innovation technology systems, significant gaps persist in implementing green management concepts. Moreover, green innovation markedly enhances sustainable development performance, including cost reduction, market share growth, enterprise expansion, and improved technology transfer. However, its implementation is constrained by insufficient policy support, limited resource allocation, and inadequate employee engagement. Based on these insights, the study recommends prioritizing green management, integrating green innovation into strategic planning, fostering stronger collaboration with policymakers, and optimizing resource allocation to advance sustainable development goals.

Study on the spatio-temporal coupling and drivers of agricultural carbon emission efficiency and food security

In light of global climate change and environmental challenges, reducing agricultural carbon emissions while maintaining food security has become a critical concern for sustainable agricultural development. This study examines 13 provinces in primary grain-producing regions, utilising data from 1999 to 2022 to analyse the spatio-temporal heterogeneity and driving factors of the coupled and coordinated development of agricultural carbon emission efficiency and food security. The findings indicate that: 1) The proportion of carbon emissions from agricultural inputs in primary grain-producing regions exceeds 80%, whereas the contribution of carbon sinks from rice, maise, and wheat surpasses 95%. Both agricultural carbon emissions and carbon sinks in the Yellow River Basin are significantly elevated; 2) The general trend of agricultural carbon emission efficiency and food security is increasing, spatially characterised by a pattern of high levels in the north and south, and low levels in the south and high levels in the north, respectively. The integration of the two systems is progressing positively, and the trailing form of food security has emerged as a developmental trend, with the degree of food security limiting the coordinated advancement of both. 3) The overall spatial disparity exhibits a declining tendency, with hypervariable density being the primary contributor to this spatial difference. The overall polarisation of the primary grain-producing regions has diminished. The level of heterogeneity in the Songhua River basin progressively intensifies; 4) Rural human capital and financial support for agriculture, urbanisation rate and soil erosion control, agricultural machinery power and soil erosion control are the main interaction factors. The economic status and rural human capital will facilitate the integrated and harmonious development of the two systems, while the agricultural disaster rate will impede this integrated and harmonious development. Ultimately, policy solutions are proposed to optimise agricultural inputs and raise their utilisation efficiency, adopt diversified regional development strategies, promote regional connection and coordinated development, and reinforce the management of drivers and policy support.

Achieving energy resilience: The joint role of environmental policy stringency and environmental awareness

This paper examines the critical interplay between environmental policy stringency, public environmental awareness, and energy resilience, leveraging a dataset for 32 OECD countries between 2004 and 2020. Further, it explores the channels through which these variables influence energy resilience. Principal component analysis (pca) is adopted to derive the multi-dimensional index of energy resilience based on three pillars, renewable energy, energy access, and energy efficiency. The findings underscore a significant positive relationship between stringent environmental policies, environmental awareness, and energy resilience. Additionally, environmental awareness and environmental policy stringency are shown to exert a positive effect on renewable energy and enhance energy access. Environmental policy stringency is found to have a significant negative impact on energy intensity, i.e. a positive impact on energy efficiency. The results demonstrate that by increasing public environmental awareness and implementing more stringent environmental policies policymakers can improve energy resilience, energy efficiency, and the share of renewable energy. The latter are considered essential elements for the environmental transition emerging as a prominent solution when addressing climate change challenges.

Sustainable practices and household resilience: an empirical analysis of behavior change in times of crises

Understanding sustainability behavior is essential in tackling the global challenge of climate change. The importance of studying sustainability practices and their dynamics grows in light of recent global crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the energy crisis following the Ukraine war. These events both challenge and shape individual sustainable practices, offering opportunities for fostering individual sustainable practices and enhancing societal resilience. An online survey was conducted in Germany (n = 571, May 2023) to investigate sustainable behavior dynamics (mobility, energy-saving, and shopping habits) and to identify segments reflecting behavioral shifts. We found relative stability in sustainable mobility choices compared to pre-crisis times, with a tendency towards reduction, as well as an overall increase in energy-saving and sustainable shopping habits. Factor analyses revealed that sustainable mobility behavior (SMB) and sustainable consumer practices (SCP) formed two separate domains. Cluster analyses further identified four segments within each domain, each exhibiting unique behavioral patterns compared to pre-crisis practices. Examining individual variables, adopting more sustainable mobility practices was associated with sociodemographic factors (income, education, and area of living), higher levels of environmental awareness, institutional trust, and increased risk perceptions. Sociodemographic variables had less influence on sustainable consumer practices. Here, higher levels of knowledge, climate change awareness, trust, and risk perceptions played a significant role. Our findings highlight the importance of separately considering behavioral domains in understanding crises-induced changes in sustainability practices. Moreover, it is important to consider specific individual factors and to develop tailored interventions and policies to promote sustainable practices during volatile times.

Preface

Good morning, Honorable Governor of West Nusa Tenggara Distinguished guests, speakers, conference participants, and colleagues, I am deeply honored and excited to welcoming all of you to The 3rd International Conference on Mining and Environmental Technology. The theme of our conference this year, “Good Mining Practices and Energy Transition in the Mining Industry,” is highly relevant and significant in today’s global context. Amid the challenges of climate change and the need for sustainable energy sources, the mining industry plays a crucial role. Good mining practices not only ensure environmental sustainability but also enhance operational efficiency and safety. By adopting the latest technologies and best practices, we can minimize the negative impacts on the environment and surrounding communities. The energy transition in the mining industry is also a vital step towards a greener and more sustainable future. The use of renewable energy and innovations in energy technology can reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and lower carbon emissions. It is our collective responsibility to ensure that the mining industry can adapt and contribute positively to global efforts in combating climate change. I am pleased to inform you that there will be 51 presented papers across plenary and parallel sessions. Paper presenters are from New Zealand, Australia, United State of America, Turkey, Malaysia, and Indonesia. In addition, I would like to convey my deepest gratitude to the keynote speakers: Professor Michael Walmsley, Associate Professor Wahidul Biswas, Professor Mahmud Yavuz, Associate Professor Datu Buyung Agusdinata, Associate Professor Hareyani binti Zabidi, and Mr. Tonny Gultom. I hope this conference serves as an effective platform for sharing knowledge, experiences, and innovations in mining and environmental technology. Let us take this opportunity to discuss, collaborate, and find solutions that can be implemented in the field. List of Conference Committees are available in this Pdf.

Biodiversity and anthropogenic disturbances predominantly drive carbon sequestration rates across temporal scales in temperate forests

Addressing the escalating challenges of climate change necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing carbon sequestration rates (CSRs) in forest ecosystems. Although the impact of various biotic factors, environmental, and anthropogenic factors on CSRs over different time scales is well recognized, their precise roles remain poorly defined. This study aims to clarify the mechanistic relationships between CSRs and these factors in large-scale natural temperate forests in northeastern China. We employed linear mixed-effects models and piecewise structural equation models were to analyze data from 310 vegetation plots, assessing the effects of biotic factors (including multidimensional diversity, structural diversity, and community-weighted mean (CWM) trait values) and abiotic factors (climate, topography, and anthropogenic disturbances) across different forest types and successional stages. Our analysis tested a series of hypotheses to identify the principal drivers of forest CSRs. The results indicate that while functional composition and standard environmental factors such as mean annual temperature and slope are significant, their influence is markedly less than that of biodiversity (encompassing multidimensional and structural diversity) and anthropogenic disturbance (as measured by the Human Modification Index). These findings support the dominance of the niche complementarity theory and the moderate disturbance hypothesis, with their importance increasing over time. Furthermore, this study advocates for forest management strategies that are specifically tailored to the unique characteristics of mixed and dense forests at different stages of succession. By elucidating the complex relationships between ecological variables and CSRs, our findings provide critical insights for the development of effective strategies aimed at optimizing forest carbon sequestration. This study underscores the necessity of integrating sustainable forest management with the conservation of ecological biodiversity.