Clean Stock Research Articles

How do climate policy uncertainty and renewable energy and clean technology stock prices co-move? evidence from Canada

AbstractThis work probes the dynamic co-movement between the Climate Policy Uncertainty Index (CPU) and the Renewable Energy and Clean Technology Index (RECT) employing the novel wavelet power spectrum (WPS) and wavelet coherence (WC) approaches for monthly data between 2013 and 2022. Using the wavelet approach enables us to observe the causality direction from both time and frequency dimensions and also to help detect the causal linkage in the short-medium and long-term horizons. This is the first study aiming to perform this relationship from both time and frequency dimensions. Remarkably, findings reveal that: i) CPU seems only volatile in 2019 and 2021 in the short run; (ii) there was significant volatility in the RECT in the short and long terms (SLT) between 2018 and 2022; (iii) RECT significantly caused the CPU between 2014 and 2018; iv) after 2019, CPU started to cause RECT in the short and medium terms (SMT).

Tracing the dynamic impact of energy transitions on equity market volatility in an era of financial turbulence

This study investigates the dynamic relationship between the shift towards clean energy and stock market fluctuations, covering the period from January 2004 to August 2021 by applying time-varying parameters vector autoregressions (TVP-VAR). The results reported strong spillovers between clean energy markets and stocks, while dirty ones demonstrated disconnected spillovers. Asymmetry in the spillovers detected dominance of negative (bad) spillovers due to various uncertain economic and financial circumstances. The most significant negative (bad) events tracked in time-varying attributes are the global financial crisis, European Debt Crisis, Shale Oil Crisis, Brexit, US interest rate agenda, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, negative asymmetries prevailed in time-varying analysis, echoing the pre-eminence of negative crisis periods. We identified clean energy markets and stocks as net spillover emitters and dirty energy markets as net recipients. These findings have profound implications for a range of stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and market participants, offering valuable insights for portfolio diversification and risk management strategies amidst the ongoing energy paradigm shift.

Forecasting of clean energy market volatility: The role of oil and the technology sector

This study is the first to explore whether the well-known relationship between the clean energy sector, oil prices, and technology stocks can be leveraged to enhance the accuracy of realized volatility forecasts for individual clean energy sub-sectors. Based on intraday data and various decompositions of daily realized volatility, we account for the heterogeneity across clean energy sub-sectors using the dynamic common correlated effect heterogeneous autoregressive (DCCE-HAR) model. Our findings reveal that, in the short term, price variations in technology shares are more informative for future clean energy volatility than fluctuations in oil prices. In an out-of-sample analysis, we individually forecast the volatility of each clean energy sub-index using Lasso, Ridge, and random forest approaches. We identify sub-indices that systematically benefit from technology sector price variation (e.g. Smart Grid, Operators, Energy Management), sub-indices that benefit from oil price variation (e.g. Bio Fuel, Wind and Geothermal), while also sub-indices that show limited sensitivity to price variation in the technology and oil markets.

Effective plant virus enrichment using carbon nanotubes and microfluidics

Plant virus detection and identification in crops is a pillar for disease management, import of crop material, production of clean stock plants and basic plant virology studies. In this report, we present a platform for the enrichment and isolation of known or unknown viruses. This platform is based on carbon nanotube arrays inside a microfluidic device that can be a solution for the identification of low titer viruses from plants. Using our microfluidic devices, we achieved enrichment of two economically important viruses, the orthotospovirus, tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) and the potyvirus, zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). The carbon nanotube arrays integrated in these microfluidic devices are capable of trapping viruses discriminated by their size; the virus rich arrays can be then analyzed by common downstream techniques including immunoassays, PCR, HTS and electron microscopy. This procedure offers a simple to operate and portable sample preparation device capable of trapping viruses from raw plant extracts while reducing the host contamination.

How do climate policy uncertainty and renewable energy and clean technology stock prices co-move? evidence from Canada

How do climate policy uncertainty and renewable energy and clean technology stock prices co-move? evidence from Canada

Радиоэкологическое моделирование динамики активности I-131 в молоке в центральной части Мазовии по материалам «Варшавского» сценария проекта МАГАТЭ EMRAS: реконструкция, верификация, оценки достоверности

The work was aimed to the study the Cs-137 and I-131 transport dynamics along the trophic chain, from the atmosphere to soil, vegetation, dairy cattle, milk, and the human body. This was done with the use of the radioecological simulation model based on instrumental data from the "Warsaw" scenario of the International Atomic Energy Agency's (IAEA) EMRAS project, which were collected after the Chernobyl nuclear accident. The created simulated radioecological model was used for reconstruction of the I-131 radioactivity in dairy cattle milk in the Warsaw and Ostroleka areas located in the central part of Mazovia, where the cattle dairy milk radiometry was performed in April-May 1986. The aim of the study was to verify the radioecological model, to assess the reliability and uncertainty of the milk block of the computed model. It was found that the successive account of discrepancies between computed and reconstructed instrumental data of I-131 radioactivity dynamics in green fodder on farms in Mazovia areas and the shortage of clean fodder stocks harvest lead to a successive improvement of the agreement between computed and instrumental data of 131I activity in the dairy milk. For all variants of accounting correction the ratio of computed data to instrumental data with recalculated I-131 activities in the atmosphere of the Ostroleka Area is on average 2.5-3 times closer to their ideal value of 1 than in calculations with instrumental data for a cloud. The prognostic properties of the computational model at the stage of reconstruction of the specific 131I activity in milk, estimated as the ratio of computed data to instrumental data, can be estimated as 1.05+/-2.0; the values of these ratios for correction of thyroid radiation doses to the population due to the contaminated milk consumption are estimated as 1.3+/-2.5.

Pathogen Eradication in Garlic in the Phytobiome Context: Should We Aim for Complete Cleaning?

Global food production is challenged by plant pathogens that cause significant crop losses. Fungi, bacteria, and viruses have long threatened sustainable and profitable agriculture. The danger is even higher in vegetatively propagated horticultural crops, such as garlic. Currently, quarantine, rouging infected plants, and control of natural vectors are used as the main means of disease and pest control in garlic crops. Agricultural biotechnology, meristem-tip culture, and cryotherapy offer solutions for virus eradication and for the multiplication of 'clean stocks', but at the same time, impact the symbiotic and beneficial components of the garlic microbiome. Our research involves the first metatranscriptomic analysis of the microbiome of garlic bulb tissue, PCR analyses, and a biological assay of endophytes and pathogens. We have demonstrated that in vitro sanitation methods, such as shoot tip culture or cryotherapy can alter the garlic microbiome. Shoot tip culture proved ineffective in virus elimination, but reduced bacterial load and eliminated fungal infections. Conversely, cryotherapy was efficient in virus eradication but demolished other components of the garlic microbiome. Garlic plants sanitized by cryotherapy exhibited a lower survival rate, and a longer in vitro regeneration period. The question arises whether total eradication of viruses, at the expense of other microflora, is necessary, or if a partial reduction in the pathogenic load would suffice for sanitized garlic production. We explore this question from both scientific and commercial perspectives.

Targeting the Highly Conserved 3' Untranslated Region of Iris Severe Mosaic Virus for Sensitive Monitoring of the Disease Prevalence in Iris Production.

Iris severe mosaic virus (ISMV, Potyviridae) can threaten the sustainability of iris production and the marketability of the plants. Effective intervention and control strategies require rapid and early detection of viral infections. The wide range of viral symptoms, from asymptomatic to severe chlorosis of the leaves, renders diagnosis solely based on visual indicators ineffective. A nested PCR-based diagnostic assay was developed for the reliable detection of ISMV in iris leaves and in rhizomes. Considering the genetic variability of ISMV, two primer pairs were designed to detect the highly conserved 3' untranslated region (UTR) of the viral genomic RNA. The specificity of the primer pairs was confirmed against four other potyviruses. The sensitivity of detection was enhanced by one order of magnitude using diluted cDNA and a nested approach. Nested PCR facilitated detecting ISMV on field-grown samples beyond the capabilities of a currently available immunological test and in iris rhizome, which would facilitate ensuring clean stock is planted. This approach dramatically improves the detection threshold of ISMV on potentially low virus titer samples. The study provides a practical, accurate, and sensitive tool for the early detection of a deleterious virus that infects a popular ornamental and landscape plant.

Spillover relationship between different oil shocks and high- and low-carbon assets: An analysis based on time-frequency spillover effects

In this paper, the spillover relationship between different oil shocks and high- and low-carbon assets is investigated through DY and BK spillover methods. It is found that the spillover relationships between them are heterogeneous, with WTI crude oil futures and heating oil futures being highly affected by oil demand and supply shocks, and clean energy sector stocks being highly affected by oil risk shocks. The spillover relationship between them changes at different time frequencies. For high- and low-carbon assets, more attention should be paid to protecting against risks from the same assets. Natural gas futures are little affected by spillovers.

On the connection between clean energy stocks and African stock markets: does uncertainty due to infectious diseases matter?

PurposeAs financial markets for environmentally friendly investment grow in both scope and size, analyzing the relationship between green financial markets and African stocks becomes an important issue. Therefore, this paper examines the role of infectious disease-based uncertainty on the dynamic spillovers between African stock markets and clean energy stocks.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ the dynamic spillover in time and frequency domains and the nonparametric causality-in-quantiles approach over the period of November 30, 2010, to August 18, 2021.FindingsThese findings are discernible in this study's analysis. First, the authors find evidence of strong connectedness between the African stock markets and the clean energy market, and long-lived but weak in the short and medium investment horizons. Second, the BDS test shows that nonlinearity is crucial when examining the role of infectious disease-based equity market volatility in affecting the interactions between clean energy stocks and African stock markets. Third, the causal analysis provides evidence in support of a nonlinear causal relationship between uncertainties due to infectious diseases and the connection between both markets, mostly at lower and median quantiles.Originality/valueConsidering the global and recent use of clean energy equities and the stock markets for hedging and speculative purposes, one may argue that rising uncertainties may significantly influence risk transmissions across these markets. This study, therefore, is the first to examine the role of pandemic uncertainty on the connection between clean stocks and the African stock markets.

The impact of oil shocks from different sources on China's clean energy metal stocks: An analysis of spillover effects based on a time-varying perspective

In order to examine the impact of oil shocks from different sources on clean energy metals in China. This paper first obtains different sources of oil shocks, namely, oil supply shocks, oil demand shocks and oil risk shocks, and then uses the TVP-VAR model to investigate the time-varying effects and point-in-time impacts of different sources of oil shocks on Chinese clean energy metal stocks. The results show that, firstly, oil shocks from different sources have time-varying and heterogeneous effects on clean energy metal stocks. Compared to other oil shocks, the impact of oil demand shocks is the largest. Due to the different status and nature of different clean energy metals, the impact of different sources of oil shocks is different. At different time points of major events, the impact of different sources of oil shocks is different. Therefore, there is a need to focus on the impact of different events.

JMM Profile: Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum, biovars Pullorum and Gallinarum.

Salmonella serovar Gallinarum has two distinct biovars, Pullorum and Gallinarum. They are host-adapted avian pathogens that infect a number of wild and domesticated species but they pose a particular threat to farmed and backyard chickens and turkeys. Both biovars cause invasive and septicaemic disease, often resulting in high mortality. Pullorum is transmitted in eggs and typically affects birds soon after hatch. Gallinarum may cause disease in any age of bird, which often progresses through mature flocks. The establishment of clean breeding stock has resulted in freedom from the pathogens in many countries although even in these territories sporadic incursions still occur.

An evidence-based rationale for a North American commercial bumble bee clean stock certification program

The commercial production and subsequent movement of bumble bees for pollination of agricultural field and greenhouse crops is a growing industry in North America and globally. Concerns have been raised about the impacts of pathogen spillover from managed bees to wild pollinators, including from commercial bumble bees. We recommend development of a program to mitigate disease risk in commercial bumble bee production, which will in turn reduce disease stressors on wild pollinators and other insects. We provide recommendations for the components of a clean stock program with specific best management practices for rearing commercial bumble bees including related products such as wax, pollen, and nesting material.

Investor climate sentiment and financial markets

We propose to measure investor climate sentiment by performing sentiment analysis on StockTwits posts on climate change and global warming. In financial markets, stocks of emission (carbon-intensive) firms underperform clean (low-emission) stocks when investor climate sentiment is more positive. We document investors overreaction to climate change risk and reversal in longer horizons. Salient but uninformative climate change events, such as the release of a report on climate change and abnormal weather events, facilitate the investor learning process and correction of the mispricing.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Laporan Keuangan bagi Pelaku Usaha Depot Air Minum di Bengkulu

The management of the company's finances is related to the allocation of company finances to meet the company's current needs, in the future, to unexpected needs. Current needs consist of current expenses, such as production costs, water and electricity costs, employee salary and bonus costs, machine repair costs and others. Future needs consist of expenses incurred in the future, such as the cost of recruiting new employees.
 The Drinking Water Depot business is one of the many UMKM in the Bengkulu City area. One of these UMKM units plays a fairly active role in disseminating clean drinking water stocks at affordable prices and relatively quick to obtain. Therefore, in supporting the acceleration and accuracy in the provision of clean drinking water stocks, it is also necessary to have a sufficiently mature financial report so that there is no miscalculation of inventory in the future, a training on financial statement management is formed to one of the owners or business actors of the UMKM Drinking Water Depot in Bengkulu City.
 The purpose of this training activity is to provide understanding to UMKM business actors regarding the management of financial statements, including company financial management so that in the future the company's finances can be monitored carefully.

Dynamic connectedness between clean energy stock markets and energy commodity markets during times of COVID-19: Empirical evidence from China

We examine the dynamic relationship between clean energy stock markets and energy commodity markets in China from a time-frequency perspective. The daily dataset spans from March 27th, 2018, to July 29th, 2022, and is utilized in this study. We find that the clean stock markets are the main contributors and recipients in this dynamic system in the short run, while the solid net contributor role of commodities is detected in the long run. In addition, in most cases, short-term spillovers can dominate the long-run ones. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, long-term spillovers can dominate short-run spillovers. In particular, it can be seen that in the short run, energy commodities can be easily influenced by clean energy stocks. In the long run, traditional energy assets are less affected. Finally, we show that COVID-19 can increase the hedging effectiveness of the portfolio design. We conclude with policy implications for energy and resources policymakers.

What do we know about the idiosyncratic risk of clean energy equities?

The COVID-19 pandemic stimulated the need to invest in clean energy firms for better returns and climate risk mitigation. This study provides a detailed overview of the impact of idiosyncratic risk (IVOL) on excess returns of 95 clean energy stocks. Overall, investors in clean energy stocks are guided by the pessimist group of investors who underprice the high IVOL stocks and demand high-risk premiums to diversify the firm-specific risk. Further, during the COVID-19 period, there is no significant relationship between clean energy excess stock returns and IVOL. During this period, clean energy stocks were exposed to higher information asymmetry, limiting the arbitrage opportunities and producing a weaker return-IVOL relation indicating that clean energy stocks reflect the properties of technology stocks. IVOL has a low level of persistence which may be helpful in forecasting. This study offers valuable insights for regulators and investors from the investment decisions, asset pricing, and diversification perspective.

A clean, green haven?—Examining the relationship between clean energy, clean and dirty cryptocurrencies

Is clean energy a safe haven for cryptocurrencies, or vice versa? In this paper, we investigate the hedge and safe haven property of a wide range of clean energy indices against two distinct types of cryptocurrencies based on their energy consumption levels, termed “dirty” and “clean”. Statistical evidence shows that clean energy is not a direct hedge for either of types. However, it serves as at least a weak safe haven for both in extreme bearish markets. Moreover, clean energy is more likely to be a safe haven for dirty cryptocurrencies than clean cryptocurrencies during increased uncertainty. We further study the spillover patterns among clean energy, cryptocurrency, stock, and gold markets. Weak connectedness is found between clean energy and cryptocurrencies which implies the potential use of clean energy as a hedge and diversification tool for cryptocurrencies in the future.

A Dynamic Nexus Between COVID-19 Sentiment, Clean Energy Stocks, Technology Stocks, and Oil Prices: Global Evidence

This study examines time-varying correlations between clean energy stocks, technology stocks, oil prices, and COVID-19 sentiment. The results confirm a weaker positive relation between oil prices and clean energy stocks. Correlations between COVID-19 sentiment and clean energy and technology stocks vary from low and negative during the peak period to positive and relatively high during the post-peak period. The results show the relatively better position of clean and technology stocks during the post-peak period.

Return and volatility spillovers between Chinese and U.S. clean energy related stocks

This paper aims to empirically investigate the dynamic connectedness between oil prices and stock returns of clean energy-related and technology companies in China and U.S. financial markets. We apply three multivariate GARCH model specifications (CCC, DCC and ADCC) to investigate the return and volatility spillovers among price and return series. We use rolling window analysis to forecast out-of-sample one-step-ahead dynamic conditional correlations and time-varying optimal hedge ratios. Our results suggest that Invesco China Technology ETF (CQQQ) is the best asset to hedge Chinese clean energy stocks followed by WTI, ECO, and PSE. Our results are reasonably robust to the choice of different model refits and forecast length of rolling window analysis. Our empirical findings provide investors and policymakers with the systematic understanding of return and volatility connectedness between China and U.S. clean energy stock markets.