Classes B1 Research Articles

Pengaruh Video Animasi tehadap Pengenalan Kosakata Bahasa Inggris di Taman Kanak Kanak Assyofa

This research was motivated by the lack of development in children's ability to recognize English vocabulary. Teachers usually explain the material by giving examples of assignments, then the children are asked to do the assignments on the Children's Worksheet. This shows a lack of teacher professionalism in developing and introducing English vocabulary to children. This research aims to determine the effect of using animated video learning media on children's introduction of English vocabulary at Assyofa. Kindergarten. with a sampling technique in the form of cluster sampling involving classes B1 and B2, each consisting of 15 children. Data collection was carried out using a test containing 4 statements, and data analysis included normality tests, homogeneity tests, and hypothesis tests. The data collection tool used was a statement sheet, and the data was processed using the SPSS version 30 for Windows application. Data analysis shows that the average pre-test score for the experimental class is 112 and the post-test score is 218. The average pre-test result for the control class is 83 and the post-test result for the control class is 174. The final data set is homogeneous and distributed regularly. Based on the results of the hypothesis test, the sig (2-tailed) value is 0.000 <0.05. So Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. Sho it can be concluded that there is an influence of animated videos on children's introduction of English vocabulary.

PENGARUH MEDIA BIG BOOK TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN KOSAKATA BAHASA INGGRIS SISWA KELAS I SD NEGERI 040443 KABANJAHE

The study aims to determine the development of English vocabulary of children aged 6-7 years through Big Book media on students in class I of SD Negeri 040443 Kabanjahe. This study uses an experimental research method because it will look for the effect of certain treatments. The type of research is the Quasi Experiment. The quasi-experimental research design used in this research is the Nonequivalent control group design. In this design there are two groups used, namely the experimental group and the control group. The population used in this research was all class I138students at SD Negeri 040443 Kabanjahe, totaling 40 children, with the sample being classes B1 and B2 determined by purposive sampling. Data collection techniques by conducting observations, questions, and answers (interviews), and taking physical evidence such as photographs (documents), and RPPH. Before being used, the instrument was tested for validity and reliability. Validity testing with the Corrected Item Total Correlation technique and reliability testing with Cronbach Alpha's technique. All calculations use the help of the SPSS program version 18.0 for windows. Furthermore, to meet the requirements of the hypothesis test, normality calculations were carried out with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and homogeneity calculations with the Lavene Statistic test on both samples (class B1 and class B2). Data analysis techniques were carried out with descriptive statistics and continued with inferential statistics using the t-test or t-test, with the formula paired sample t-test and a significance value of α = 0.05 (5%). Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the use of Big Book media in the English learning process on vocabulary proved to have a significant effect on the development of children's English vocabulary in the experimental group in class B1. The level of vocabulary development of children who were given treatment was higher compared to the group of children who were not given treatment, in the experimental group and the control group there was a "quite significant" difference. Based on calculations carried out with the help of the SPSS version 18.0 for Windows program, it is known that the value of t in the SPSS output after the paired samples T-test analysis was -5.315. Where in the t value there is a minus sign (-) which is a sign that there is a difference between the two groups. Therefore, the presence of this minus sign indicates a signal that there is a difference between the two groups (experimental and control).

The Effect of Zig-Zag Running Games on Gross Motor Skills of Early Childhood Group B at Paud IT Auladuna 1 Bengkulu City

Finding out how zigzag running games affect young children's gross motor abilities is the goal of this study. Researchers employed quantitative research, or pseudo-experimental methodology. The youngsters in group B at PAUD IT Auladuna 1 Bengkulu City comprised the study population. Using random sampling, 36 children from classes B2 and B5 made up the research sample. There was testing done on the data gathering method. This data analysis method applied the t test. As expected, during the teaching and learning process, the control class learning with body exercise center games had an average value of 70.00, but the zig-zag running game had an average value of 85.56.At a significance level of 0.05, the hypothesis test results indicate that tcount> ttable is 3.909> 1.691. This indicates that, in comparison to the control class, the experimental class receiving the treatment experiences a notable change in value. The findings indicate that group B early childhood students at PAUD IT Auladuna 1 Bengkulu City had improved gross motor abilities as a result of playing zigzag running games. It is recommended that (1) educators utilize it as a substitute for instruction to help early childhood students' gross motor abilities grow and (2) future researchers use it as an inspiration to conduct research and play other games to help kids improve their gross motor skills.

STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF USING SOCIAL MEDIA IN WRITING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

This study aimed to find out the perception of semester VIII students of the English Language Education Study Program at Universitas Tanjungpura about the most used social media for writing English as a Foreign Language. This study used a descriptive design and a quantitative method. To collect the data, the researcher used a survey through a questionnaire and interview. The population in this study was 81 students, while the sample was 39 students from classes A1, A2, A3, B1, and B2. The instrument for collecting the data was 28-item questionnaires and 4 main questions interviews. The result of this study was that students have positive perceptions with a total of 79%. Furthermore, from the data, it was found that the most used social media for English writing practice was Instagram with a total of 73%. Moreover, the reason students use Instagram to write English is caused by external factors and internal factors. Therefore, students perceive that Instagram is the most appropriate social media to practice English writing skills.

Efektivitas Model STEAM Berbantuan Media Loose Parts untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Kognitif Anak Usia Dini

This research addresses the issue of the lack of ideal and enjoyable learning for early childhood, which can impact the underdeveloped and suboptimal cognitive abilities of children. The aim of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of using the STEAM model with the assistance of Loose Parts media in improving the cognitive abilities of early childhood. The research method employed is quasi-experimental, with the sampling technique involving all students from TK Pertiwi 08.03 Nalumsari classes B1 and B2. Data analysis involves descriptive analysis and an independent sample t-test. The results indicate that the STEAM model with the assistance of natural Loose Parts media has a positive impact on the cognitive abilities of early childhood. The experimental group, which received learning with this model, showed a significant improvement in cognitive abilities compared to the control group. The t-test statistic yielded a value of t = 15.555 > t-table = 2.030, indicating a significant difference between the two groups. Thus, it can be concluded that the STEAM model with the assistance of natural Loose Parts media is effective in improving the cognitive abilities of early childhood.

Efektivitas Media Dart Board Modifikasi terhadap Kemampuan Kognitif dalam Mengenal Buah-buahan bagi Anak Usia Dini

The lack of growth in children's cognitive capacities to identify objects around them, such as the fact that children still struggle to recognize fruit, particularly its color, shape, and size, is what inspired this research. The research purpose is to evaluate the impact of dart board media on young children's cognitive development with regard to fruit comprehension. This study employs quasi-experimental techniques along with a quantitative approach. This study included every student at the Pembina Pasaman State Kindergarten, which had 115 students spread across six classes. Using a purposive sample technique, the sample of 17 kids from classes B6 and B1 was selected. Tests were used to collect the data, and tests for homogeneity, hypothesis testing, normality, and effect size were used to analyze the data. Therefore, the pre-test.

Pengaruh Pop Up Book Dalam Mengenalkan Huruf Alphabet Di Taman Kanak-Kanak Bhakti Bunda Padang

The purpose of this article is to disuss the results of research on how much influence Pop Up Books have in introducing letters of the alphabet at Bhakti Bunda Padang Kingdergarten. In the introduction of alphabet letters, they have not used Pop Up Book media and learning still seems monotonous. As a result, shildren are less interested and respond during learning. This is because the media used in learning is only blackboards and letter cards. This research is a quantitative research using Quasi Experiment method. The population in this study were all students of Bhakti Bunda Padang Kingdergarten with the Cluster Sampling technique (area sampling) namely selecting or taking samples based on certain characteristic needed in the study. Based on the data above, the classes that will be used as samples are classes B1 and B3 where groups B1 and B3, taking into account the homogeneity of the same children aged 5-6 years and the same learning facilities.Based on the hypothesis test table in the sig column. (2-tailed) obtained a sig value of 0.024. this value indicates that the sig value is 0.024 <0.05. in accordance with the measurement criteria in the hypothesis test, if a sig value <0.05 is abtained, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of Pop Up Books in introducing alphabet letters in Bhakti Bunda Padang Kingdergarten.

Pengaruh Metode Bercerita Terhadap Kemampuan Bahasa Pada Anak Kelompok B di TK Yapis Merauke

This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of the storytelling method on language skills in group B children at Yapis Merauke Kindergarten. This study used an experimental research type, with a pre-experimental research design in the form of a One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The population of this study was all of the children in Group B at Yapis Merauke Kindergarten in the academic year 2022/2023 totaling 40 children who were divided into 2 parallel classes namely classes B1 and B2 and the research sample was children from group B1 with a total of 20 children taken using a probability sampling technique with a simple type random sampling. Data analysis used paired sample t-test. The research results obtained t count = 13.2587 greater than t table = 1.72913 which means H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted so it can be concluded that there is an influence on children's language skills using the storytelling method in Group B1 Kindergarten Yapis Merauke.

Using Songs to Teach English Vocabulary to Young Learners in Kindergarten

From the phenomena around them, young learners find it difficult to learn vocabulary because they are still in e active phase, especially learning English. Therefore, knowing a good and effective way to teach English vocabulary using songs is essential. This study aims to determine the use of songs to teach English vocabulary by teachers at TK 'Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal (ABA) 51. To be able to answer research questions, researchers conducted classroom observations and interviews with teachers who teach English in class. The subjects of this study were class B students, namely classes B1, B2, and B3. From the observations and interviews that researchers have conducted, it is known that teachers have taught well according to the correct stages and enabled children to recognize vocabulary well at each meeting. Students have high learning enthusiasm when the teacher teaches vocabulary using songs that are shown by being active students. The study results show that songs are very effective for teaching English vocabulary to students because they can foster learning motivation so that students can easily remember the vocabulary being taught and that the objectives of teaching vocabulary are well achieved.

Magnetic fluxes of solar active regions of different magneto-morphological classes – I. Cyclic variations

ABSTRACT Data for 3046 solar active regions (ARs) observed since 1996 May 12 to 2021 December 27 were utilized to explore how the magnetic fluxes from ARs of different complexity follow the solar cycle. Magnetograms from the Michelson Doppler Imager instrument on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory and from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager instrument on the Solar Dynamics Observatory were utilized. Each AR was classified as a regular bipolar AR (classes A1 or A2), or as an irregular bipolar AR (class B1), or as a multipolar AR (classes B2 or B3). Unipolar ARs were segregated into a specific class U. We found the following results. Unsigned magnetic fluxes from ARs of different classes evolve synchronously following the cycle, the correlation coefficient between the flux curves varies in a range of 0.70–0.99. The deepest solar minimum is observed simultaneously for all classes. Only the most simple ARs were observed during a deepest minimum: A1- and B1-class ARs. The overall shape of a cycle is governed by the regular ARs, whereas the fine structure of a solar maximum is determined by the most complex irregular ARs. Approximately equal amount of flux (45–50 per cent of the total flux) is contributed by the A-class and B-class ARs during a solar maximum. Thus, observations allow us to conclude that the appearance of ARs with the magnetic flux above 1021 Mx is caused by the solar dynamo that operates as a unique process displaying the properties of a non-linear dynamical dissipative system with a cyclic behaviour and unavoidable fluctuations.

Evaluation of the initial manifestations of the toxic process in conditions of chronic action of low subtoxic doses of dioxins polluting the environment

AIM: To study the state of the genome by indicators of retrotransposon activity the gene encoding DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1); DNA damage in animals from the natural population of the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) living in the vicinity of a preserved landfill contaminated with low concentrations of dioxins (landfill of production and consumption waste "Salariyevo", Moscow).
 MATERIAL AND METHODS: The activity of ERV-L, B1, and L1 retrotransposons and the transcription level of the DNMT1 gene were evaluated by real-time PCR. The stability of DNA in liver and bone marrow cells was characterized by the comet assay method. Afterward, the obtained characteristics of the state (stability, reactivity, and damage) of the genome in response to environmental stress factors were compared in groups of animals from the study and conditionally control samples.
 RESULTS: The effects of a decrease in the activity of retrotransposons of classes B1 and L1, and an increase in DNMT1 gene expression level were revealed in voles from the natural population living under the long-term chronic exposure to low doses of dioxins decrease in the activity of retrotransposons of classes B1 and L1, and an increase in the expression level of the DNMT1 gene were revealed. An increased level of DNA damage (on average up to 56% of the DNA in the tail of the comet) was detected in hepatocytes, with the addition of winter environmental factors to the chronic effect of small subtoxic doses of dioxins.
 CONCLUSION: Suppression of retrotransposon activity and increased expression of its epigenetic regulator (DNMT1) are regarded as adaptive responses to long-term chronic exposure to low doses of dioxins polluting the environment. The alteration in the reactivity and destabilization of the genome indicates the launch of the initial mechanisms of the toxic process formation. The created and tested methodological base for its study opens up prospects for establishing a threshold level, and as a result, substantiating indicators for screening assessment of local (territorial) risk to public health by biomonitoring.

Language Politeness of Preschool Children in the Market Environment

Politeness is an important aspect of language because it can help people communicate more quickly. Children learn politeness through their social environment from an early age. Children are taught how to greet people politely, express their desires in an ethical manner, express curiosity, and express disagreement without screaming or using high voices, among other things. This study involved phenomenological qualitative research, which examined the natural phenomena of language. Data were collected by listening to the use of language without participating in the discussion process and using other free listening techniques. The purpose of the note technique that was used was to observe linguistic phenomena as they occurred. Students in classes B1 and B2 at Raudhatul Athfal (RA) Ash-Syafi’iyah T / A 2018/2019 in Kendari were the data sources. According to the findings, children’s language politeness in the family environment was heavily influenced by the situation and circumstances of the environment. Children who had grown up in a market environment had different communication language. Students at RA Ash-Syafi’iah learned about language in the sense of using it to communicate with other people or animals. Children used greetings, permission, thanks, and prohibitions as examples of imperative speech as a sign of politeness. Furthermore, the politeness of language in the children from the market environment had an effect on the intonation of the child’s voice when speaking, as well as the child’s kinesthetic signals.
 Keywords: politeness, preschool children’s language, market environment

Analysis of the Impact of Storytelling Methods on Early Childhood Religion and Moral Development

Activities of moral and religious development must also be promoted in preschool education. The purpose of this study was to analyses the impact of the storytelling method on the religious and moral development of early childhood. The study uses a quantitative method with an experimental post-test pre-test approach of a group design located at Cahaya Ananda Preschool, Mataram which is determined by a purposive cluster sampling. The subjects in this study were 52 children surveyed in classes B1, B2 and B3. The treatment was carried out four times using the storytelling method with tools, hand puppets, standing planel boards, paste and story books with environmental themes. There was an average increase; positive influence of the application of the learning method of storytelling on the religious/moral growth of early childhood. It is recommended that early childhood education teachers constantly improve their storytelling skills in order to be able to increase the potential of children, especially in the moral and religious development of early childhood

Penggunaan media belajar untuk mengenalkan anak TK kosakata

The purpose of this study was to determine the use of learning media in introducing children’s English vocabulary in Aisyiyah Kindergarten Bustanul Athfal Tapan, Pesisir Selatan District. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The informants in this study were teachers who pursued classes B1, B2, B3, and B4. This study’s data collection techniques were carried out by observation, interviews, field notes, and documentation. This research was carried out for approximately five weeks. Data analysis in the form of descriptions was in the form of words with data reduction techniques, display data and drawing conclusions and data validity techniques using credibility, transferability, and dependability techniques. Based on the research results that have been done, it was found that the learning media was favored by children in the learning process of introducing children’s English vocabulary. The learning media used by teachers have various unique variations that attract children’s attention and make children more enthusiastic in learning English vocabulary introduction. The learning media used by the teacher in introducing children’s English vocabulary at Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Tapan Kindergarten are visual learning media in the form of flashcards, audio-visual learning media in the form of videos, and audio learning media in the form of songs.

BEHAVIORAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILDREN WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE.

ABSTRACTObjective: To evaluate sociodemographic and clinical aspects of children with sickle cell disease (SCD) and their behavioral characteristics.Methods: Interview with parents of patients with SCD from four to ten years old, addressing socioeconomic aspects and other health conditions, and using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Clinical data were obtained from medical records. Exclusion criteria were the use of hydroxyurea, previous diagnosis of stroke, chronic encephalopathy and/or intellectual disability.Results: 45 patients (19 girls and 26 boys) were assessed. The median age was seven years. Diagnosis of SCD: 26 hemoglobinopathy SC; 19 hemoglobinopathy SS. Socioeconomic class: D: 24.4%; C2: 44.4%; C1: 28.9%; B2: 2.2%. Clinical history: acute chest syndrome: 40%; transfusions: 66.7%; hospitalizations: 82.2%. SDQ findings: 88.9% clinical impact (emotional subscale: 68.9%); total score: impact in 48.9%. It was not possible to establish a relation between the severity of the disease and the results of the SDQ. Regarding socioeconomic class: among individuals of classes B2 and C1, 21.4% had impact at the total score; in classes C2 and D, this percentage was 61.3%. Regarding the schooling of the head of the family, with Elementary School at least, 39.3% of the children had impacts; for fewer education, this percentage was 64.7%.Conclusions: Behavioral impacts are highly prevalent in children with SCD. Individuals in socioeconomic classes C2 and D suffered more behavioral impacts than individuals in classes B2 and C1.

Participation restriction of adults and elderly users of an audiology clinic: association with auditory and social-environmental factors.

To verify the association between restrictions to auditory participation and quality of life, self-perceived health, auditory factors and sociodemographic aspects of adults and elderlies assisted in an audiology service. The study included 152 participants; restrictions to auditory participation were assessed using the instruments Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults - HHIA and the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Elderly - HHIE. In order to assess the quality of life, participants answered the World Health Organization Quality of Life - abbreviated version (WHOQOL-bref). Sociodemographic characteristics were assessed using a questionnaire to characterize the participants; and by the Brazilian Criteria ABEP. The results of the hearing assessment were also collected. Descriptive, bivariate statistical analyzes (p ≤ 0.20) and multiple logistic regression (p ≤ 0.05) were performed. Regarding social class, individuals belonging to classes B1 and C2 had, respectively, 4.75 and 7.73 times greater chances of presenting restrictions to auditory participation compared to individuals of class D. Regarding hearing factors, disabling hearing loss increased by 3.4 times the chance of presenting perception of restriction to auditory participation. In the environmental domain of the WHOQOL-bref instrument, each unit increased in the score was associated with a decrease of 0.96 times in the chance of perceived restriction in auditory participation. We found that the use of the amplifying hearing aid by itself, despite its benefits, did not eliminate the restrictions on auditory participation of most participants.

Increasing the Monolithic Nature of Masonry Made of Cellular Concrete Blocks by Using Polyurethane Foam Glue as a Masonry Mortar

This study is a continuation of previously published work [1]. The results of experimental determination of the strength of normal adhesion (under axial tension) in masonry made of autoclave–hardened cellular concrete blocks of compressive strength classes B1,5-B3,5 on cement mortars and polyurethane foam adhesives are presented. The tests were carried out in the laboratory of the Department “Reinforced Concrete and Stone Structures” of the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University). The experiment was carried out on samples-cubes with a size of 150x150x150 mm, which were cut out of cellular concrete blocks, fastened (glued) together using masonry (binding) compositions. In the course of the study, it was found that when using various polyurethane foam glue compositions in masonry made of cellular concrete blocks of compressive strength classes B1,5–B3,5, the resistance to axial stretching over an unbound section (normal adhesion) of the masonry increases by approximately 9–25%. It was also found that the nature of the destruction of samples made on polyurethane foam adhesives (destruction occurs along the body of concrete), indicates the monolithic nature of the masonry. The analysis of the results obtained makes it possible to conclude that the resistance to axial tension along the unbound section of the masonry depends on the strength of the material from which the block is made, and not on the compressive strength of the masonry (binder) mortar used, as indicated in table 11 of SP 15.13330.2012 “Stone and reinforced masonry structures”. This factor must be taken into account when calculating masonry from autoclave-hardened cellular concrete blocks on polyurethane foam compositions.

Высокопрочное вяжущее на основе жидкого стекла для бесцементного полистиролбетона

This research set out to obtain a high-strength binder based on low-energy liquid glass using silica fume produced in the Bratsk Ferroalloy Plant. The starting materials used for the development of polystyrene concrete were liquid glass obtained from silica fume using sol-gel technology, fly ash, screening from diabase crushing, ground channel quartz sand and foamed polystyrene granules. Math-ematical processing of the results was performed using the Statistica 10 software package in the mod-ule of planned experiment. According to the conducted analysis, the resulting material corresponds to the strength characteristics of concrete classes B1–B3 with an average density of 400–600 kg/m3. In comparison with polystyrene concrete based on cement, foamed polystyrene concrete based on the developed complex binder has half the shrinkage strain. This can be explained by the reduced water-absorbing capacity and hydraulic activity of the hardened binder, which ensures the stability of the block sizes during long-term operation. The results of determining the thermal conductivity show the effec-tiveness of polystyrene concrete as a heat insulator. Based on the optimized composition of the binder die, filled light concretes were obtained using foamed polystyrene boulder from recycled packaging ma-terials. Effective heat-insulating and heat-insulating structural concretes of D400–D600 density grades characterized byan increased stability of geometric dimensions were obtained.

Use of Foam Polystyrene Waste in the Conditions of a Reinforced Concrete Products Factory

The relevance of research in the factory laboratory of JSC «198 KZHI», which is part of the HC GVSU «Center», is dictated by the need to dispose of foam polystyrene waste that occurs in large quantities when producing the precast concrete. In the production of three-layer external wall panels, polystyrene heatinsulating plates of the PPS 17-R-A brand are used as an effective insulation material. The secondary use of PPS 17-R-A for its intended purpose, as a heater, is not possible. The volume of foam polystyrene produced varies from 25 to 45 m3 per month. Utilization (disposal) of foam polystyrene waste is an expensive undertaking. Its use as a filler in the production of expanded polystyrene blocks was tested in the factory’s laboratory to produce foam polystyrene concrete with specified physical and mechanical characteristics. The results of testing of expanded polystyrene concrete of classes B2.5 and B 7.5 are presented. It is shown that under the conditions of the reinforced concrete factory technology, the production of polystyrene concrete blocks is possible with the achievement of the design strength. The information presented in the article is aimed at motivating specialists who produce recast concrete to the possibility of using foam polystyrene waste for low-rise construction. Keywords: foam polystyrene, ecology, energy efficiency, foam polystyrene concrete, foam polystyrene heat insulation plates, precast concrete.

Pembelajaran Audio Visual Dalam Mengembangkan Bahasa Anak Dalam Membaca Al-Qur’an Di Tk Rahmat Damai Aceh

The researcher aims to see the language development of children through visual audio with group B children with a sample taken 37 children consisting of one class B1 totaling 19 people who made 10 children as the control class and 18 more as the experimental class. Population and Research SamplesPopulation is all data that researchers pay attention to in a scope, and a predetermined time. In this study the subject is determined as a source of data relevant to the problem under study to study and draw conclusions. The sample is the population or subject chosen and determined as a source of data or sources of information from the study. Sampling is done by purposive sampling technique which means it is a technique of determining the sample with certain considerations. Based on the results of research students in classes B1 and B2 show that 3 students get high test results, then 22 students get test results with enough categories, and 12 students get the test results in the low category, in knowing and how in the paragraph. A student is called complete learning if he / she scores at least 75 of the ideal grade. In a class students are called complete learning if the class there are at least 85% of students who complete. Keywords : Audio visual, develops children's language