ABSTRACTInjury is a surgical disease, and survival is inversely proportionate to elapsed time to treatment. As the routine use of helicopters started during the Vietnam War, it has been well-established that rapid transport was associated with unprecedented survival of critically injured patients. Currently, helicopters are used for tactical and medical evacuation purposes both in the Turkish Military and civilian health care system. Despite the rapid transport advantages, these flying ambulances are austere environments in terms of limited space and medical resources. Accordingly, a study group consisting of experienced military trauma surgeons has analyzed the data related with the present and future aspects of casualty evacuation missions with military helicopters.The main focus of this study was to increase the Turkish Trauma Society awareness, improve en route care quality, identify new research topics and increase military medical readiness for the ensuing conflicts and disaster situations.How to cite this articleÜnlü A, Can MF, Yagci G, Ozerhan I, Asensio JA, Petrone P. Tactical Evacuation of Casualties by Military Helicopters: Present and Future Aspects. Panam J Trauma Critical Care Emerg Surg 2013;2(2):83-88.