City Of Nazareth Research Articles

THE ISLAMIC ENDOWMENTS IN THE NAZARETH DURING OTTOMAN ERA 1810 – 1918

This research examines the Islam endowments (waqf) in the city of Nazareth during of the Ottoman era 1810 – 1918. It shows the types of real estate that were endowed, such as lands, houses, shops, and khans, as well as money and the beneficiaries of those endowments (mosques, schools, in addition to the poor in Nazareth. This research also examines the names of the endowers who were merchants and religious leaders, khatib, imam, mufti and qadi. The variety of transaction with endowments are clarified such as vacancies, exchanges, monopolies and interests, their conditions, and the different ways of collection income from those endowments such as tax forming and renting, and the people responsible for collection income such as merchants, and its effects on the different social classes in Nazareth.

The Construction of the Architectural Background in Melkite Annunciation Icons

This article discusses the architectural backgrounds visible in Melkite Annunciation icons from Aleppo, Hama, Damascus and Latakia in Syria, dating from the middle of the seventeenth century to the end of the nineteenth century. The architectural backdrops of Annunciation icons and the architectural perspective are represented through the technique of reverse perspective. In order to emphasize that the event took place in a real place, the house of Virgin in the city of Nazareth.

Re-envisioning community-based heritage tourism in the old city of Nazareth

This study specifically examines the potential for heritage tourism development to promote cross-cultural dialog in the historic old city of Nazareth (Israel). The paper focuses on a case study of a small-scale heritage tourism venture that seeks to influence tourism development in Nazareth's old city. This is an exploratory case study that uses qualitative research methods including extensive participant observation and in-depth interviews with the venture's senior management group and selected employees. Study findings indicate a model of the relationship between community-based tourism development, heritage, and peace-building in a city that has experienced a wide range of cross-cultural conflicts. This model represents an alternative view to the notion that heritage serves to enhance differences and dissonance between different cultural groups. In contrast, findings from this study suggest that heritage in the form of tourism can help create shared interests between different communities in settings characterized by cross-cultural conflict.

Autorytet rodzicielski w Rodzinie Nazaretańskiej i dzisiaj

The Family of Nazareth was not formed according to natural law, yet according to the law revealed by God to Mary (Lu 1: 26–38) and Joseph (Mt 1: 18–24). Obeying the will of Heavenly Father, the spouses, Mary and Joseph, accepted the Son of God as a human being, since Jesus was brought up as the son of Joseph the Carpenter in the city of Nazareth. Jesus was raised under the Law of Moses and Jewish tradition, which stressed respect for parental authority, especially that of a father. The respect for parental authority of St Joseph as the legal father of Jesus (according to Jewish and Roman laws) is manifested through the words uttered by Mary to her 12 year-old son in the Jerusalem Temple: “Son, why hast thou thus dealt with us? Behold, thy father and I have sought thee sorrowing” (Lu 2: 49) – the King James’s Bible. Mutual respect between parents, the idea of sharing all the sorrows and joys, especially those connected with the upbringing of their children, is the very foundation of an appropriate development of a young generation.

Desarrollo, Territorios y Tecnologías Sociales: reflexiones a la luz del programa de María Barro

Os resultados pouco satisfatórios das políticas de desenvolvimento dos anos 1990 evidenciaram a necessidadede se refletir sobre os conceitos, práticas e interesses envolvidos nos projetos de desenvolvimentolocal. No contexto dessa reflexão, surgiram práticas inovadoras na perspectiva da preservação ambientale da organização social. O projeto Maria de Barro, aqui discutido, é uma experiência que parte de umproblema-chave do município de Nazareno: a degradação dos solos, que incorpora e dialoga com váriosoutros problemas do cotidiano da população, apontando a complexidade das transformações sociais edo sentido do desenvolvimento. Três conceitos orientaram o debate e o desenho das ações do projeto:desenvolvimento, territórios e tecnologias sociais.

Tourism development and cultural conflict: the case of ‘Nazareth 2000’

In areas that are characterized by political, national, cultural and religious conflicts, issues concerning conservation and development become particularly complex. One prominent example of this tension can be seen in events that have taken place over the last decade in the city of Nazareth, which hosts some of Christianity's holiest sites. Until the mid-twentieth century most of the city's residents were Christian. In the past several decades however, Muslims have come to form the majority of the population. Against this backdrop, Nazareth began to prepare for the millennium year, including the formulation of the ‘Nazareth 2000’ plan for tourism development in the city. Unfortunately, the city's numerous complexities rapidly surfaced, with one of the most prominent examples being the bitter struggle around the city's newly planned main square. This paper examines tourism development for the city in conditions of such cultural conflict.

Space of Risk: The Contribution of Planning Policies to Conflicts in Cities, Lessons from Nazareth

This article defines a new concept, ‘Space of risk’, as a lived space that has low levels of trust among different urban groups; where people feel vulnerable and defenseless against terrorizing, urban clashes and riots. Based on a qualitative study, the article examines this concept in the city of Nazareth, which has been in turmoil since the introduction of a plan for a plaza. The article concludes that the reasons that may strongly contribute to the production of spaces of risk are: lack of the right to the city for urban inhabitants; the hegemony of the state over the city through ‘ethnocratic’ urban policies; the hegemony of global forces and neo-liberal agendas over the locale; deficient local politics; absence of communicative planning procedures; and contradictions between planners conception of the place and the way inhabitants conceive and experience it in their daily life practices. As planning has the power of creating and triggering risks in cities, the article suggests some practical ways for planners to avoid the production of spaces of risk through new techniques of collaborative planning.

Military Rule, Political Manipulation, and Jewish Settlement: Israeli Mechanisms for Controlling Nazareth in the 1950s

This article explores the first decade of relations between the State of Israel and the city of Nazareth, which after the 1948 war constituted the largest and most important Arab center in the new Jewish state. It focuses on the strategies employed by central government officials to retain state control over the all-Arab city and surrounding region, highlighting the integrated use of military, political, and spatial mechanisms. The Nazareth municipal elections of 1954 emerge as an important milestone in this process, compelling officials to intervene in local politics and to take immediate concrete steps towards establishing the Jewish town of Upper Nazareth.

Nazareth

‘Shprinzak’, built in the 1960s, is a resort hotel in the city of Nazareth. The land that the resort occupies is within the municipal boundaries of Nazareth. Shprinzak (currently called Nazareth Ga...

Attitudes of Local Residents vs. Residents of Surrounding Areas Towards Tourism Development

ABSTRACT The study examined local residents vs. residents of surrounding areas in terms of their attitudes toward tourism development in the city of Nazareth by focusing on the Nazareth 2000 millennium celebrations. The attitudes of Arab residents in Nazareth and the Galilee area about the economic role of tourism in Nazareth, the planned millennium festivities, and the existing problems that might affect these celebrations were studied. The study found that residents of surrounding areas rather than local residents expressed a stronger belief in the role of tourism as leverage for economic development, and at the same time expressed a deeper concern about potential conflicts that might undermine the success of the planned mega-event.

The Impact of Working in a School Project on Students’ Behavior and Self-Perception

This article describes a school intervention program that was initiated and developed by a small team in one of the schools in the city of Nazareth, Israel. The proposed program is intended to promote academic perseverance and thereby reduce dropout rates, providing youth at risk with a variety of personal and interpersonal skills that are important both for studies and for labor world. The findings showed that combining learning with work in the candle factory promoted attendance and reduced violent behavior in school.