City Of Mohammedia Research Articles

Publisher’s note

This study is an experimental investigation of the effect of natural dust deposition on the performance of three (PV) systems installed on the rooftop of the faculty of science and technology in the city of Mohammedia of Morocco in a Mediterranean climate. To determine the local soiling losses in solar PV systems electrical performance analysis using the IEC60891 procedure and the optical, morphological, and thermal properties of the dust deposited on PV systems is assessed. The results show that power production and maximum current of PV modules decrease by 7.4–12.35% and 11.6–18%, respectively, after allowing dust to accumulate naturally without any scheduled cleaning. In addition, the optical transmittance of the glass samples is reduced by 75–5%, from transmittance/absorbance data obtained with a UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The elemental and chemical analysis results by XRF, XRD, and FT-IR indicate that silica and calcite are the predominant components of the dust sample. Differential scanning calorimetry is used to assess the thermal properties (DSC) in a temperature range of 6–85 °C and the Laser-Flash method (LFA) for measuring thermal conductivity and diffusivity in the temperature range of 25 °C to 70 °C. It has been established that, for a given mass, dust particles can accumulate energy in thermal form when the temperature rises.

Mathematical Modelling of Biogas Production in a Controlled Landfill: Characterization, Valorization Study and Energy Potential

Methane potential is the volume of methane gas produced during anaerobic degradation in the presence of the bacteria of an initially inserted sample. This paper presents a degradation study of the green and industrial fermentable waste sheltered by the landfill of Mohammedia in which the biogas deposit and the associated recoverable energy at the end of exploitation is estimated and the power of the gas engine of the proposed cogeneration unit is calculated. The Total potential biogas production value of the household waste of the city of Mohammedia is much higher than that of the American and French household waste recommended by the US EPA and French ADEME. This calls into question the adaptability of the modeling tools for biogas production to Moroccan waste. The four modeling equations for landfill will be evaluated. The results show that the ADEME model proved to be more descriptive and better adapted to this case.

Intelligent monitoring system for biogas detection based on the Internet of Things: Mohammedia, Morocco city landfill case

Mechanization is a depollution activity, because it provides an energetic and ecological response to the problem of organic waste treatment. Through burning, biogas from mechanization reduces gas pollution from fermentation by a factor of 20. This study aims to better understand the influence of the seasons on the emitted biogas in the landfill of the city Mohammedia. The composition of the biogas that naturally emanates from the landfill has been continuously analyzed by our intelligent system, from different wells drilled in recent and old waste repositories. During the rainy season, the average production of methane, carbon dioxide, and oxygen and nitrogen are currently 56%, 32%, and 1%, respectively, compared to 51%, 31%, and 0.8%, respectively, for old waste. Hazards levels, potential fire, and explosion risks associated with biogas are lower than those of natural gases in most cases. For this reason a system is proposed to measure and monitor the biogas production of the landfill site remotely. Measurement results carried out at various sites of the landfill in the city of Mohammedia by the system show that the biogas contents present dangers and sanitary risks which are of another order.

IoV distributed architecture for real-time traffic data analytics

In this paper, we present necessary premises for the deployment of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) integrating Big Data analytics of road network traffic measurements of the city of Mohammedia, Morocco. Thus, we introduce an architecture based on three main layers such as IoV, Fog Computing and Cloud Computing Layer. We specifically put more focus on Fog Computing layer in which we develop a framework for a real-time collecting and processing events generated by intelligent vehicles as well as visualizing traffic state on each road section. Furthermore, we consider deployment and test of the proposed framework using events retrieved from a Vanets-type micro simulation. Finally, we present and discuss the first obtained results as well as the advantages and limitations of the proposed architecture.

GEOSPATIAL TOOLS FOR PREVENTION OF URBAN FLOODS CASE STUDY: RIVER OF EL MALEH (CITY OF MOHAMMEDIA – MOROCCO)

Abstract. Today, the prevention and the risk management occupy an important part of public policy activities and are considered as major components in the process of sustainable development of territories. Due to the expansion of IT processes, in particular the geomatics sciences, decision-makers are increasingly requesting for digital tools before, during and after the risks of natural disasters. Both, the geographic information system (GIS) and the remote sensing are considered as geospatial and fundamental tools which help to understand the evolution of risks, to analyze their temporality and to make the right decisions. The historic events (on 1996, 2002 and 2010) which struck the city of Mohammedia and having caused the consequent damage to vital infrastructure and private property, require a thorough and rational analyze to benefit from it and well manage the floods phenomena. This article present i) the contribution of the geospatial tools for the floods simulation of Oued of el Maleh city at various return periods. These tools allow the demarcation of flood-risk areas and so to make floods simulations in several scenarios (decadal flood, 20-year flood, 50-year flood, 100-year flood, 500-year flood & also millennial flood) and besides (ii) present a synthesis map combining the territorial stakes superposed on the flood scenarios at different periods of return.

Landfill site selection using GIS, remote sensing and multicriteria decision analysis: case of the city of Mohammedia, Morocco

In Morocco, as in most developing countries, landfill is still the only solution for the disposal of municipal solid waste. Choosing the appropriate site for waste elimination is a very complex process that depends on several criteria and regulations. To this end, many environmental, social and economic requirements have to be met. For the city of Mohammedia, which is the subject of this study, the choice of the landfill site was performed using multi-criteria decision analysis (MDA), a geographic information system (GIS), and remote sensing. Several criteria were discussed, such as waste production, distance from houses, surface and ground water, land use, slope of land, transport network, etc. A final map was produced by overlaying the criteria map layers, which enabled us to propose three potential sites for the establishment of the landfill. Our study also showed the need to rehabilitate the current landfill site, which represents a major nuisance in terms of air, water and soil pollution, and affects the health of city residents.

Towards recycling and waste reduction in Mohammedia, Morocco

Like all municipalities, the city of Mohammedia has to bear a significant cost for the treatment of its waste. In all, €2·72 million has been spent on the collection and processing of 78 608 t of household and similar waste produced in 2013. The urban commune of Mohammedia, which has a daily waste production of 0·807 kg per capita, has been trying to reduce waste production by upstream sorting and recovery; whereas waste reduction is only possible at the source. Treatment processes only could reduce the amount of waste that has to be disposed of. A study of the waste arisings through characterisation of the household waste produced by the city of Mohammedia enabled to know how much waste is generated, how much waste is recyclable, the percentage of fermentable organic materials, the percentage of non-recyclable materials and the estimated cost of disposal of such waste.

1711 – Addiction among young moroccan students of a vocational training institute

The internship system of some institutes and adolescence period could constitute a favorable medium to develop addiction behaviors among students. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of addicted students of an Institute of the vocational training in city of Mohammedia (North-West of Morocco) and the kind of substances used in this addiction. An epidemiological study is conducted among 460 students of this institute. These students aged from 18 to 26 years, are individually questioned about their consumption of different kinds of drugs. The obtained results show that only 100 boys speak freely of their consumption of drugs and/or alcohol and only 6 girls confess to be smokers (tobacco) including 2 consumers of drugs. Indeed, the drug most commonly used is cannabis rolled into cigarettes (Hashish). These drugs are used regularly at least once a day and especially at night before bed to facilitate sleep. The kinds of substances used depend also on socio-economic level of students; the students from rich families consume up to 12 joints a day against some puffs of joint shared by many consumers for poor students. In addition, the poor students consume some local preparation called “maajoune” or “cala”. Alcohol consumption is casual during weekends or ceremonies. This study is an preliminary investigation that lighted the problem of addiction among students in this vocational training institute. So, deeper researches must be done in order to determine the factors causing and/or influencing this kind of pathologic behavior.