Integrity in Radiation Oncology Research: A Systematic Review of Retracted Studies, Retraction Notices, and Their Impact on the Field.

Research interests and trends in alveolar ridge augmentation and visualization of articles from 1990 to 2024: a bibliometric analysis.

Mpox was declared a public health emergency of international concern in 2022. Instagram is widely used by age groups and communities disproportionately affected by mpox; yet platform-specific evidence on mpox information characteristics and engagement remains limited. The aim of this study is to characterize sources, content, and engagement features of mpox-related Instagram posts, to describe prevention and treatment framing, and to compare the top 10% most-liked posts with the remaining corpus. We retrieved English-language public Instagram posts via CrowdTangle containing "mpox" or "monkeypox" dated May 5, 2022, to January 17, 2023 (initial N=18,616). Using a pretested, deductive codebook adapted from prior Instagram health studies, 2 coders completed 2 pilot rounds; variables with low agreement were excluded. A randomized analytic sample of 1000 posts was coded for source type, content features, and prevention/treatment framing. Descriptive statistics were computed. For engagement contrasts, we compared the top 10% most-liked posts with the bottom 90% using tests of differences in independent proportions (mean differences [MD] with P values). Most posts originated from organizations (760/1000, 76%) versus individuals (240/1000, 24%). Organizational sources most commonly included businesses (436/760, 57.4%) and news/media outlets (401/760, 52.8%); government (174/760, 22.9%), nonprofits (131/760, 17.3%), and health care organizations (70/760, 9.2%) were less frequent. About one-third of posts cited a source (344/1000, 34.4%), most often the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)/other federal entity. Posts predominantly used illustrated images/infographics (827/1000, 82.7%); photos appeared in 47.3% (473/1000) and videos in 12.4% (124/1000) of posts. Prevention content appeared in 38.4% (384/1000) of posts, most commonly vaccination (684/1000, 68.5% of prevention posts), followed by avoiding close contact (145/1000, 14.5%), avoiding contact with objects (83/1000, 8.3%), abstaining from sexual activity (76/1000, 7.6%), and condom use (13/1000, 1.3%); 28.9% (289/1000) of prevention posts noted barriers. Treatment mentions were uncommon (25/1000, 2.5% traditional biomedical; 2/1000, 0.2% alternative). Compared with the bottom 90%, the top 10% most-liked posts (1) were more likely to originate from public figures/celebrities among individuals (MD=-0.591; P<.001) and from businesses (MD=-0.299; P<.001) or news/media (MD=-0.350; P<.001) among organizations; (2) were less likely to be from government (P<.001) , nonprofit (P=.006), or health care organizations (P=.005); and (3) more often included nonmoving images (MD=-0.119; P=.024), visible lesion depictions (MD=-0.081; P=.035), prevalence mentions (MD=-0.180; P<.001), and citations (MD=-0.162; P=.001). During the initial outbreak period, the highly engaged mpox content on Instagram skewed toward posts by public figures and news/business accounts and toward static, citation-bearing visuals that included prevalence context and occasionally lesion imagery. Public-health communicators seeking reach on Instagram should prioritize clear static infographics with explicit source citation and epidemiologic context and consider copublishing with trusted creators and news outlets, while addressing access barriers highlighted in prevention posts.

To analyze the research dynamics of myopia management functional lenses (MMFL) in the field of vision health over the past decade, revealing cutting-edge hotspots and development trends. Relevant literature on MMFL from 2016 to 2025 in the Web of Science (WOS) core database was searched by computer. The bibliometrics software Bibliometrix, VOSviewer 1.6.20 and CiteSpace.V.6.3.R1 were used for bibliometric and knowledge graph visualisation analyses. A total of 1143 WOS core database documents were included, and the number of publications has gradually increased over time. China and the United States rank the top two in terms of the number of publications and citations. The leading authors in this field are Cho P, Sankaridurg P, and Chen H, who have made significant contributions to research in two distinct subfields: contact lenses and spectacle lenses. Most relevant sources are OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS, CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE, and OPTOMETRY AND VISION SCIENCE, all of which are considered to be highly authoritative publications in this field. These journals have published a considerable number of articles on a wide range of topics, including the mechanism of spectacle lenses, physiological changes associated with contact lenses, variations in fitting parameters, and the effects of myopia control. The keywords co-occurrence, clustering, thematic map, timeline view and emergent analyses reveal that recent research has been focused on the following areas: axial length, defocusing mechanism, choroidal thickness, and orthokeratology. The knowledge map of research on MMFL is constructed through bibliometric analysis, systematically summarizing the current status and hotspots of research. The integration of material, optics and intelligence is a trend that is set to be reflected in future functional lenses for myopia management.

Triclosan (TCS) is a common chemical antibacterial agent widely used in personal care and medical products. With its increasing application, TCS is continuously released into the environment, and its impacts on ecological systems and human health have garnered growing attention. In this study, research progress on triclosan was comprehensively reviewed through bibliometric methods. All relevant articles and reviews published between 2014 and 2024 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Bibliometric analyses were conducted using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Bibliometrix software. The results revealed a total of 4,019 articles in the field of TCS research, involving 17,346 researchers from 435 institutions across 98 countries/regions, and were published in 891 journals. The annual output of TCS-related literature showed an increasing trend, with China and the UnitedStates publishing the largest number of articles. "Science of The Total Environment" was the most productive journal, publishing 316 articles, while "Environmental Science & Technology" received the highest number of citations (8,637 times). Current research focuses on the interactions between TCS and other environmental pollutants (e.g., microplastics and heavy metals), as well as its impacts on organismal health and removal/degradation mechanisms. These findings are expected to enhance the understanding of TCS research characteristics and provide guidance for future research directions.

Citation skew refers to the unequal distribution of citations to articles within a journal. The study aimed to assess citation skew in sleep science journals and whether the journal impact factor (JIF) predicts individual article citation rates. The top ten sleep science journals were identified via the Journal Citation Report (JCR), and the number of citations in 2022 for all original and review articles from 2020 to 2021 was analyzed. Among 3,949 articles with 16,373 citations, a substantial proportion had either zero (16.0%) or one citation (18.7%) in 2022. Only 27.7% of articles exceeded their journal's JIF, while 72.3% fell below it. Review articles demonstrated higher citation rates than original research. Citation distribution was highly skewed, with 12.5% of articles accounting for 50% of all citations. Although citation rate correlated significantly with JIF (r = 0.21, p < 0.001), JIF explained only ~ 4.4% of the variance in article-level citations. Citation distributions in leading sleep journals are highly skewed, and journal impact factor has limited utility for predicting individual article influence. These findings support interpreting JIF cautiously and emphasize the value of article-level indicators and qualitative appraisal when assessing research impact. Future studies incorporating multiple JIF cycles and article-level citation provenance, including self-citation and citation-network effects, are needed to better characterize the drivers and temporal stability of citation behavior in sleep medicine.

Objective:This study conducted a visual analysis of literature related to lumbar spondylolysis from January 2015 to August 2025, summarizing the current state, research hotspots, and developing trends in this field to provide theoretical support for subsequent research and clinical practice.Methods:The China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Web of Science databases were searched. Using CiteSpace V6.3.R1 and VOSviewer 1.6.20 (Leiden University ), visualization maps were generated and analyzed from perspectives including publication volume, authors, institutions, cited journals, and keywords.Results:The search identified 602 articles from Web of Science and 268 from China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Analysis of both databases revealed distinct research networks, centered on high-output authors and collaborative institutions. The leading research institutions were primarily hospitals and clinics, with Harvard Medical School being the most prolific. Among authors, Sairyo, Koichi had the highest number of publications and citations, while Spine was the most cited journal. Early research, both in Chinese and international literature, primarily addressed surgical interventions and imaging studies. Chinese core journals frequently emphasized “internal fixation” and adolescent populations, whereas international studies focused more on “low back pain” and diagnostic “tomography.” In recent years, conservative treatment, risk factors, and rehabilitation management have gained prominence, marking a shift in research emphasis from surgical intervention toward disease prevention and rehabilitation.Conclusion:Research on lumbar spondylolysis is increasingly characterized by multimodality and multidisciplinary integration, with a growing convergence in research priorities within the global academic community. However, China continues to trail behind leading international efforts in this domain. Moving forward, priorities should include conducting high-quality prospective cohort studies, multicenter comparative trials, and multimodal cross-disciplinary research to enhance evidence-based clinical decision-making and advance personalized rehabilitation management.

Chemoresistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicates treatment and poses a substantial and growing burden to healthcare systems worldwide. Despite remarkable advances in recent years, the massive volume of publications has made it hard to identify overarching trends, critical turning points, and emerging frontiers. The present study aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the global research landscape and summarize future hotspots. Articles on chemoresistance in HCC published in the Science Citation Index Expanded, Web of Science Core Collection, from 1991 to 2025 were searched. Bibliometrix (R package) was used for data analysis and visualization. CiteSpace was employed for keywords bursts detection. A total of 2571 publications by 12243 authors from 643 sources were included. An increase in the annual growth in the number of publications and citations was observed. Cancers had the most publications, and Cancer Research was the most cited. China and the USA are the dominant countries in this field. Sun Yat Sen University is the most productive affiliation. Wang Y is the most productive author. Besides topic-relevant keywords, terms like "expression," "apoptosis, " and "metastasis," etc. had high occurrence. Thematic shifts were also identified, transitioning from single-agent and single-target approaches to complex combination therapies and novel technological interventions. Conclusively, through a bibliometric analysis of publications, the present work shows key developments in the field of chemoresistance in HCC. Potential research hotspots include advanced combinatorial nano-immunotherapy, ferroptosis inducers, combined immunotherapy, and metabolic plasticity and stemness pathway regulators of cancer stem cells.

The widespread availability of the internet in recent years has made it easier to use electronic databases, and bibliometric analysis is now being carried out in a variety of fields. This method aimed to investigate the characteristics and trends of dental anesthesiology research published in Anesthesia Progress, the oldest and most authoritative journal in the field, from its inception in 1966 to 2023. We identified the 50 most-cited articles to evaluate the impact and evolution of research in this field. The search was conducted by entering "Anesthesia Progress" in the "Source Title" field, which is one of the search items in the Scopus database. The results were sorted by number of citations, and the bibliographic information for the top 50 most-cited articles was downloaded. The analysis revealed that most of these influential papers originated in the United States (60%), highlighting its dominance in dental anesthesiology research. Key topics identified included "sedation" and "local anesthesia," reflecting an increasing emphasis on pain management and psychological support in dental care. The findings also indicated a modest decline in the proportion of scientific reports, suggesting potential stagnation in new research contributions over time. Furthermore, index keyword analysis illustrated a growing specialization in addressing anxiety and pain associated with dental procedures. This study underscores the need for enhanced research and innovation in dental anesthesiology to meet the evolving needs of clinical practice and improve patient care.

Background:Thermogenic fat plays a crucial role in regulating energy metabolism and improving obesity-related metabolic diseases. However, a systematic analysis of the research trends and hotspots in the field of thermogenic fat is lacking. This study aimed to fill this gap by employing bibliometric methods to analyze the global research landscape of thermogenic fat from 2000 to 2023.Methods:A systematic search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection to retrieve publications related to thermogenic fat. Various bibliometric tools (HistCite, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer) were used to analyze and visualize the data, including annual publication trends, geographical distribution, institutional and author contributions, citation analysis, and keyword analysis.Results:A comprehensive search yielded a total of 5246 English-language articles, revealing a significant upward trend in the number of publications focused on thermogenic fat over the past 24 years. The United States stands out as the most productive country, with Harvard University emerging as the leading research institution in this field. Bruce M. Spiegelman was identified as a pivotal figure in advancing thermogenic fat research. The journals that have published the highest number of articles in this field include Molecular Metabolism, Journal of Biological Chemistry, and Scientific Reports, with Cell Metabolism receiving the highest number of citations. The primary research keywords cluster into 9 distinct categories, with the most frequently occurring terms being “obesity,” “brown adipose tissue,” “thermogenesis,” “brown adipocytes,” “energy expenditure,” “browning,” “UCP1,” “beige fat,” and “type 2 diabetes.” Notably, white fat browning and beige fat have emerged as cutting-edge research trends.Conclusion:This investigation provides a comprehensive overview of the global research trends in thermogenic fat through bibliometric analysis. Enhanced insights into the historical development and evolutionary trajectory of this field offer a novel perspective on potential future research avenues. The findings of this study are poised to serve as an invaluable resource for researchers, thereby fostering continued advancement in the study of thermogenic fat.

To provide a sound foundation for public health policy and practice, scientific work must address priority topics and reach appropriate audiences. This analysis provides an evaluation of a large public health scientific publication portfolio. We explored the relevance and impact of a decade of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-authored publications. We used Science Clips, a CDC library database, to identify 34 104 scientific publications published from 2014 through 2023 with ≥1 CDC-affiliated author. To identify public health topics, we applied a large language modeling framework using BERTopic to publication titles and abstracts. We obtained bibliometric indicator data from Altmetric, Dimensions, and BMJ Impact Analytics. We assessed the percentage of publications with online attention, academic citations, and policy citations; the median Altmetric Attention Score; and the median number of academic citations by topic area. Of CDC-authored publications published during 2014-2020, 94.6% were cited by academic articles and 52.4% were cited in clinical guidance or policy. Of those published during 2014-2023, 83.8% garnered online attention. Publications clustered into 46 public health topics. Fungal infections had the highest median number of academic citations (36.5 per publication), mining safety and health had the highest proportion of articles with policy citations (92.5%), and substance abuse or opioids received the highest median Altmetric Attention Score (14.0). More than one-quarter of topics ranked in the top 5 for ≥1 of the 3 indicators. CDC-authored scientific publications in this collection addressed an array of public health topics and demonstrated resonance in academic and policy arenas and with the public. Evaluating publication portfolios can strengthen science, policy, and communications partnerships.

BackgroundSurgeons work in a progressive field where communicating research is vital to advancing health care and enabling meaningful interactions among clinicians. It also contributes to societal impact, increases access to information, and reduces misinformation. Additionally, there can be barriers to accessing papers. Social media enhances research impact through sharing scholarly work and improving its translation into clinical practice, but little is known about how to design specific posts to maximize research impact through language.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the linguistic cues that optimize research impact among surgeons through Twitter (subsequently rebranded X). Additionally, this research combines the linguistic features of the posts and article access to determine their unique contributions.MethodsAn exploratory linguistic analysis of 84 posts extracted from Twitter was conducted, which shared scholarly activity by 17 of the most-followed surgeons. The linguistic cues were measured on a continuous scale, computed from the percentage of each linguistic cue used in the text, and reported as mean (SD). Regression analysis and analysis of covariance were conducted to determine which cues influenced research impact and to estimate the potential association with study accessibility (open vs restricted access).ResultsAnalyzed tweets were highly analytic (mean 94.77, SD 9.00), moderate in clout (mean 42.69, SD 19.84), low in tone (mean 20.06, SD 33.91), suggesting negative tone use, and low in authenticity (mean 19.52, SD 24.50). Results suggest that a high use of formal language negatively impacts readership and citations. Analytical language was indirectly associated with readership (β=−0.296, 95% CI −423.57 to −59.95; P=.01) and citations (β=−0.524, 95% CI −0.442 to −0.187; P<.001). Linguistic clout had a positive association with readership (β=0.260, 95% CI 8.58-186.91; P=.03), and tone in tweets had a negative association with readership (β=−0.317, 95% CI −138.52 to −5.39; P=.04). Negative language tone was found to increase the impact of research. With respect to linguistic cues and study accessibility, the results also suggest that the number of citations was impacted by readership (F1,66=4.11, 95% CI 2.459E-06 to 0.003; P=.047) and analytic linguistic cues (F1,66=18.77, 95% CI −0.402 to −0.149; P<.001) used in the post, but the association of open (mean 3.04, SE 1.062) versus restricted access (mean 1.83, SE 0.716) was not statistically significant (F1,66=0.877, 95% CI 0.405-3.266; P=.352).ConclusionsThis research is the first to explore article accessibility and linguistic cues used in creating posts that share research on social media to determine their influence on research impact, making this study both innovative and unique relative to existing studies in the surgery field. Through language, the medical field can expand its impact and encourage dialogue between scientists and the public, thereby increasing scientific and societal contributions while reducing the negative effects of limited article access.

Purpose:This study aims to determine the bibliometric characteristics of scientific articles on intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma worldwide.Methods:The Web of Science database was used to conduct a comprehensive search strategy, which included all languages, countries or regions, affiliations, journals, research areas. The search ultimately yielded 256 articles that met the predefined inclusion criteria and were manually reviewed. The study employed a bibliometric analysis using quantitative bibliometric indicators and network analysis with co-authorship and co-occurrence of terms, using the bibliometrix package in R and VOSviewer, respectively.Results:The number of publications has been increasing since the first publication in 2010, with the largest number in 2021 (36 articles). The average number of citations per document was 13.32, and the annual growth rate was 5.38%. The most prolific country and authors were from the United States. Carol Lally Shields had the most contributions (53 articles), and the most cited study was published by Gobin et al in 2011. The journal with the most publications was JAMA Ophthalmology. The most commonly used keywords were Retina, Enucleation, and Periocular around 2016, while Radiation, Advanced age, and External carotid artery were commonly used around 2020.Conclusions:The United States is the most prolific country in this topic, with a large publication output but a low collaboration among other countries. Low- and middle-income countries should also be encouraged to implement research to contribute to the advancement of knowledge on intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma.

This study aimed to assess the quality and reliability of health information in the 100 most-viewed YouTube videos related to semaglutide for weight loss, as of December 2024. The study also explored the relationship between engagement metrics and content quality, with attention to the prevalence of misinformation. A cross-sectional evaluation was conducted in December 2024. The top 100 English-language YouTube videos retrieved using the search term “semaglutide weight loss” were analyzed. Each video was assessed using 2 validated tools: the Global Quality Score and the Modified DISCERN (quality assessment tool for consumer health information) instrument. Viewer engagement data – including likes, comments, and views – were recorded. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression to examine relationships between engagement metrics and content quality. Videos from academic and healthcare-affiliated sources generally scored higher in quality assessments, while those produced by individual users tended to lack source citations and balanced information. Although certain engagement metrics, such as the number of likes and comments, showed modest associations with higher Global Quality Scores, view count did not consistently predict quality. A notable portion of user-generated videos lacked discussion of semaglutide’s risks and contraindications. The study highlights the variability in quality among semaglutide-related videos on YouTube. Engagement does not necessarily reflect the reliability of content, underscoring the importance of guiding viewers toward credible health sources. Enhancing digital health literacy and promoting greater visibility of evidence-based content may help improve the quality of health information encountered on widely used digital platforms.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Chronic Pain: Bibliometric Analysis.

This study presents the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis of male aesthetic surgery. In January 2025, data were retrieved from the Scopus database, covering publications from 1949 to 2024. For 2684 papers, the annual publication trends, along with the most productive contributors, are summarized in six supplementary tables. Regional disparities in research output, spanning Europe, Asia, the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa, are illustrated in Supplementary Fig. 1. Furthermore, the study explored publication dynamics across 28 distinct research areas related to male aesthetic surgery, with detailed findings presented in Supplementary Tables 7-34. The study also examined the top 100 most cited papers (Supplementary Table 35). Author impact metrics, including the number of publications, total citations, h-index, g-index, m-index, hg-index, and q2 index, were calculated (Supplementary Table 37). Additionally, author collaboration networks were mapped (Supplementary Fig. 2), and the evolution of scholarly relationships over time was visualized (Supplementary Fig. 3). Institutional contributions (Supplementary Table 38), their research dynamics (Supplementary Fig. 4), and departmental collaboration networks (Supplementary Fig. 5) were also highlighted. Similarly, the top contributing countries, their publication dynamics, and international collaboration patterns are shown in Supplementary Table 39 and Supplementary Fig. 67. Leading sources of publication were also assessed (Supplementary Table 40). To explore research focus, a co-words analysis was conducted (Fig. 1). Additionally, unigram (Fig. 2), bigram (Fig. 3), and trigram (Fig. 4) analyses were performed. Thematic evolution of the top 100 most cited papers was also investigated, showcasing shifts in research focus over time. These findings may serve as a valuable foundation for future research efforts and clinical advancements in the field of male aesthetic surgery. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

To maximize the impact of our contributions, we strive to perfect our scientific writing. Much of the existing guidance on how to effectively structure reviews originates from anecdotal opinions and guidelines set out by the journals themselves. This makes it less clear what ultimately determines the number of citations of review papers. Citation frequencies partly depend on the topic of the review, and on the innovative nature of the ideas within the review. However, the language norms and the narrative flow within a review might also play an important role in the eventual acceptance of the ideas. Here, we analyzed the text of review papers published in 2020 in the top ten journals in ecology. Citation counts correlated with two of the four psychometrics tested, as well as the word count of the contributions, explaining an aggregate of 1.9% of total variation. We further observed relationships in citation counts with two descriptors of the article structure. We identify linguistic traits correlated with citation frequency in ecology, with potential relevance across other disciplines. A solid theoretical background on best practices in review writing would be transformative in terms of contributing to tools for further improving the impact of reviews, but also to assist their preliminary editorial evaluation.

Climate change poses a significant threat to human life, food security, and biodiversity, with direct effects on agricultural systems. In the present study, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of research on the tolerance of Capsicum pepper plants to high temperatures using the Bibliometrix package in R. A total of 85 documents published between 1989 and 2024 were analyzed. We found that the topic has gained relevance in recent years, particularly in 2013, when it received the highest number of citations. Notably, China and the United States have conducted the most research on the thermal stress in pepper plants. The most cited studies have addressed the biochemical, physiological, and molecular mechanisms of thermal stress tolerance and resistance to pathogens. Despite the relevance of the topic, only three of the 81 documents focused on the tolerance of ornamental pepper plants, and these included no Brazilian studies. These findings highlight the lack of studies in Brazil, emphasizing the need for studies to develop cultivars that are more resilient to climate change. Our findings can guide future investigations, including the selection of thermotolerant materials, and promote more sustainable agriculture adapted to climate challenges.

BackgroundCervical cancer is still a significant issue, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Adding HPV self‐sampling to cervical cancer screening programs could make the process simpler for people to receive essential health care and support universal health coverage. Therefore, this study is aimed at mapping research output, global trends, and collaboration networks related to the implementation of HPV self‐sampling in cervical cancer screening programs.MethodsA bibliometric, descriptive, and retrospective study was performed, covering the period from 2006 to October 2025. A search was conducted in Scopus, confined to the TITLE‐ABS‐KEY fields, without language limitations, and restricted to documents in their final publication stage and original research articles. The search syntax used Boolean operators (AND, OR) to combine four thematic blocks: self‐sampling/self‐collection, etiological agent, cervical screening, and implementation and programmatic delivery. The study examined a number of indicators, such as the volume of research output, the amount of authorship credit per article, the number of normalized citations, the number of citations, the h‐index, the g‐index, and the m‐index. R (RStudio) Version 4.3.1 was used to analyze the data.ResultsThere were 824 articles published in 268 journals. The number of research papers published each year went up by 14.90%, and each paper received an average of 21.16 citations per year. Each paper had 8.38 coauthors, and 39.56% of the time, the coauthors were from other countries. The United States and Australia became major contributors, working together in dense networks that crossed continents. Editorial dissemination was primarily found in oncology and public health journals, with cocitation patterns connecting clinical and public health areas. The authorship distribution mirrored Lotka′s pattern, with 71.90% of authors contributing a single article and 4.10% producing five or more. The focus shifted from cytology and acceptability to molecular testing and self‐sampling from 2006 to 2011. From 2012 to 2016, the focus was more on equity and digital support tools along the screening pathway. The focus on sociocultural issues got stronger between 2017 and 2019. From 2020 to 2025, the literature began to emphasize clinical outcomes, HPV‐16, populations living with HIV, and programmatic implementation, including the collection of urine samples.ConclusionResearch on HPV self‐sampling is expanding, although it remains geographically concentrated. International collaboration is substantial, and the thematic focus has shifted toward programmatic implementation in higher‐risk populations, with increasing emphasis on equity and digital support. These patterns underscore the need for stronger translational partnerships led by stakeholders in high‐burden settings and supported by open science practices to reduce geographic disparities and inform context‐sensitive public policies.

Metformin is a commonly used antihyperglycemic drug to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus worldwide. However, its effectiveness was recently documented beyond diabetic treatment, such as in the case of cancer. Recent epidemiological evidence suggests that the use of metformin has shown benefits in breast and colorectal cancer; however, its effectiveness was inconclusive in the case of head and neck cancer. This umbrella review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of metformin among head and neck cancer patients. Three electronic databases and additional sources (Google Scholar and citation screening) were used to extract relevant research records. A multistage screening was performed by two independent reviewers, and the study selection process was reported according to PRISMA guidelines. Along with descriptive findings and overlap assessment, a meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model with 95% confidence interval. A total of five studies were included. Analysis revealed that metformin increases overall survival probability among head and neck cancer patients by 0.74 times [95% C.I. (0.67-0.81)] compared to non-metformin user, indicating pharmacological effectiveness. Overall heterogeneity was negligible (I2 = 0%). Egger's test suggested funnel plot asymmetry, indicating potential publication bias. All studies have shown effectiveness in lowering incidence risk. Findings showed promising potential of metformin among HNC user. However, as there were very few studies available and quality assessment showed low confidence, a more comprehensive evaluation of metformin in diabetic and non-diabetic patients should be conducted to confirm these findings.