Circumstances In Korea Research Articles

대학 운동선수들의 은퇴불안, 진로결정 자기효능감, 진로준비행동의 관계

Objectives The purposes of this study were to investigate the structural relationship model of retirement anxiety, career decision-making self-efficacy and career preparation behavior of athletes in college. Methods The participants of this study consisted using of 415 athletes who were more than 18 years old with more than 3 years experience of competition. They were assessed by retirement anxiety scale, career decision-making self-efficacy scale and career preparation behavior scale. The evaluation questionnaires were modified to reflect the circumstances in Korea and underwent a validity test prior to translation. The data were conducted by descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and structure equation modelling. Results First, retirement anxiety had no a influence on career decision-making self-efficacy. Second, retirement anxiety had a positive influence on career preparation behavior. Third, career decision-making self-efficacy had a positively influence on career preparation behavior. Conclusions The result of this study suggests the need of developing programs and providing necessary support aimed at improving college athletes' decision-making self-efficacy and career preparation behavior through career counseling and education.

A Study on the Preliminary Validity Analysis of Korean Firefighter Job-Related Physical Fitness Test.

The purpose of this study is to revise and modify the firefighter job-related performance tests from overseas to implement into the circumstances in Korea, examine its validity by analyzing the level of association between the test employed in the ongoing firefighter selection process, and propose a Korean firefighter job-related physical fitness test. Therefore, a modified version of Candidate Physical Ability Test (CPAT) from the United States firefighter selection process was conducted on 28 male firefighter officer candidates. Recorded results from VO2max, heart rate, blood lactate, anaerobic power test, and the ongoing Korean firefighter physical fitness test were analyzed to assess the validity of the modified test. IBM SPSS Statistics Ver. 27.0 was employed for the data correlation analysis in different fitness factors and the total circuit physical test time. The results revealed the proposed modified firefighter job-related physical fitness test showed significant correlation with VO2max (r = −0.450, p < 0.05), METS (r = −0.735, p < 0.01) recovery lactate over 15 min (r = −0.460, p < 0.05), peak power (r = −0.484, p < 0.05), average power (r = −0.647, p < 0.01), and in the ongoing firefighter physical fitness test, grip strength (r = −0.709, p < 0.01), lower back strength (r = −0.681, p < 0.01), standing long jump (r = −0.618, p < 0.01), sit-ups (r = −0.397, p < 0.05), and shuttle run (r = −0.523, p < 0.01). Fitness factors including VO2max, recovery lactate, anaerobic power, muscular strength, and so forth known to play a crucial role in firefighting operations were also shown to be important in the modified firefighter job-related physical fitness test. However, we suggest that studies with a larger sample size are needed in order to generalize our findings.

체육계열 대학생들의 긍정심리자본, 진로준비행동과 진로적응력의 구조적 관계 분석

The purpose of this study was to investigate the structural relationship of positive psychological capital, career preparation behavior, and career adaptability for university students participating in physical Education. Participants of this study were 455 physical education students who were more than 18 years old. They were assessed by positive psychological capital scale, career preparation behavior scale, and career adaptability scale. The evaluation questionnaires were modified to reflect the circumstances in Korea and underwent a validity test prior to translation. The data were conducted by descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and structure equation modelling. First, positive psychological capital had a positive influence on career preparation behavior. Second, positive psychological capital had a positive influence on career adaptability. Third, career preparation behavior had a positive influence on career adaptability. Finally, the relationships between positive psychological capital and the level of career adaptability were mediated by career preparation behavior.

2018 KHRS guideline for the evaluation and management of syncope-Part 1

Syncope is a very common symptom that occurs in all age groups, especially in adolescents and elderly people. The cause of syncope is very diverse, and patients with syncope visit various medical departments such as general medicine, cardiology, neurology, and emergency medicine. If we do not perform appropriate diagnostic tests based on detailed history of syncope, we may have some diffi-culty to identify the cause of syncope. Failure to identify the cause of syncope can lead to physical trauma due to recurrence of syncope or may increase the risk of cardiovascular events in the future. How-ever, there is no Korean guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of syncope yet. Considering these circumstances in Korea, we prepared writing and publishing committee for evaluation and management guidelines of syncope in the Korean Society for Holter and Nonin-vasive Electrocardiology (KSHNE) under the Korean Heart Rhythm Society (KHRS). In this guideline, we reviewed the Korean published literatures and European / American guidelines on syncope.

Credit ratings and corporate cash holdings: Evidence from Korea’s corporate reform after the 1997 Asian financial crisis

We examine the extent to which credit ratings affect firms’ cash holdings by investigating the circumstances in Korea after the 1997 Asian financial crisis. We find that, due to the costs and benefits associated with different rating levels, credit ratings are a major consideration for corporate cash management. Specifically, firms that become relatively sensitive to rating changes increase their cash holdings, either to improve the chances of an upgrade, or to avoid a downgrade. Furthermore, this effect is driven by chaebol business groups that increasingly rely on external financing that depends on credit ratings following the attenuation of their internal capital markets. Finally, we show that the impact of credit ratings on firms’ cash holdings is more noticeable when firms are more prominent in the market.

A Polysystem Revisited in Korea and a Discussion for a System Evolution

This study delved into the process of polysystem theory application in Korea from the selection of literary works for translation to shifts in translation activities. According to the polysystem theory, many systems in the target culture correlate in the way source texts are selected for translation and translated into target texts. A previous researcher(Chang, Nam Fung) specified the theory and categorized the systems into political, ideological, economical, linguistic, literary, and translational polysystems after being conscious of criticisms about the theory that it is too subjective or unspecified to apply for further research. Based on the suggested augmented version of the polysystem theory, this study contemplated it further, reflecting specific cases and circumstances in Korea. On top of that, this paper suggested to add a responsive polysystem among other things because readers, these days, are more likely to express their opinions about translation than before thanks to the development of the Internet and the media, and their responses are getting critical in that they have a bigger impact on the actual translation activities.

Classification of Wastewater Reuse for Agriculture: A Case Study in South Korea

AbstractThere are several types of wastewater reuse for agriculture, and an explicit classification is necessary before providing the proper management plan for the specific type. The objective of this study was to classify types of agricultural wastewater reuse for safe and sustainable wastewater irrigation. Three criteria were applied based on the reuse circumstances in Korea: (i) whether wastewater diluted with fresh water (direct/indirect); (ii) whether planned by government agencies (planned/unplanned); (iii) treatment level of wastewater (untreated wastewater/treated wastewater/reclaimed wastewater). The wastewater reuse for agriculture was classified into seven types. This study describes characteristics and a possible management practice for each reuse type, and also provides some representative cases. The proposed classification would contribute to a better understanding of agricultural wastewater reuse and help decision makers in both Korea and developing countries having agricultural similarity with Korea to provide optimal management plans. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Differences in pregnancy outcomes, prenatal care utilization, and maternal complications between teenagers and adult women in Korea: A nationwide epidemiological study.

Teenage mothers are at high risk for maternal and neonatal complications. This study aimed to evaluate the socioeconomic circumstances of teenage pregnancy, and determine whether these increased risks remained after adjustment for socioeconomic circumstances in Korea. Using the National Health Insurance Corporation database, we selected women who terminated pregnancy, by delivery or abortion, from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010. Abortion, delivery type, and maternal complications were defined based on the International Classification of Diseases-10th Revision. We compared teenagers (13–19 years at the time of pregnancy termination) with other age groups and investigated differences based on socioeconomic status, reflected by Medical Aid (MA) and National Health Insurance (NHI) beneficiaries. We used multivariate analysis to define the factors associated with preterm delivery. Among 463,847 pregnancies, 2267 (0.49%) involved teenagers. Teenage mothers were more likely to have an abortion (33.4%) than deliver a baby when compared with other age groups (20.8%; P < 0.001). About 14.4% of teenage mothers had never received prenatal care throughout pregnancy. Among teenage mothers, 61.7% of MA recipients made fewer than 4 prenatal care visits (vs 38.8% of NHI beneficiaries) (P < 0.001). Teenage mothers more often experienced preterm delivery and perineal laceration (P < 0.001). Teenage mothers (<20 years) were 2.47 times more likely to have preterm delivery than older mothers (20–34 years; P < 0.001). Teenage mothers had higher risk of inadequate prenatal care and subsequently of preterm delivery, which remained significantly higher after adjusting for socioeconomic confounding variables and adequacy of prenatal care in Korean teenagers (P < 0.001).

Housing Policy and Urban Sustainable Development: Evaluating the Process of High-rise Apartment Development in Korea

ABSTRACTIn Korea, housing shortages have been a high-level social problem for decades. Since the late 1980s, a significant number of housing units (mostly high-rise apartments) has been constructed, with the goal of resolving this issue. In spite of the positive effects on housing supply, many undesirable socioeconomic consequences of urban housing development, such as social exclusion and polarization of housing affordability, etc., have been largely overlooked. Moreover, at this point, the number of high-rise apartments is arguably excessive, leading to particular concern with regard to their need for redevelopment after deterioration. The massive quantities of deteriorated high-rise buildings will be ubiquitous at a certain point in time. Due to changes in social and economic circumstances in Korea, many homeowners of high-rise apartments could be incapable of proceeding with redevelopment based on their own financial resources. The problems facing the present generation will be most likely to be passed on to future generations, further impeding such development efforts. This pervasive and mounting housing and development issue is directly antithetical to the definition of sustainable development proposed by the Brundtland Report.

갯벌복원의 함의와 복원추진체계 구축에 관한 연구

Korean society has been recently promoting the restoration of coastal wetlands. These efforts might become the basis of a policy framework that compensates for the limitations of a regulation-oriented policy such as the designation of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). The shift in government policy could contribute to strengthening the socioeconomic infrastructure of coastal development through the accumulation of ecological capital. Although our scientific efforts and social demands in regard to the ecological restoration of the coastal wetlands have increased during the past years, the bases for restoration in Korea requires that scientific, technological, financial, social and legal aspects be enhanced. The present study re-examined the concept and attitudes behind coastal wetland restoration in the light of changing circumstances in Korea. Herein, we first defined coastal wetland restoration as “An act of recovering the functions of the ecosystem of coastal wetlands to a state that resembles conditions prior to being damaged.” Next, this study discussed the limitations and future directions of such restoration efforts based on the descriptive analyses of recent restoration practices from social, economic, and technological aspects. Finally, we suggest future policy directions regarding coastal wetland restoration on the basis of a PFST (Policy, Financial, Social, and Technological) analysis; 1) re-arranging legal mechanisms, 2) setting multidimensional restoration goals, 3) establishing a multi-discipline- and convergence based R&D system, 4) linking spatial management and local development to the restoration, 5) building restoration governance at the local level, 6) implementing an ecosystem service payment system, and 7) applying test-bed projects in accordance with proper directions.

High Time to Discuss Future-Oriented Telemedicine.

High Time to Discuss Future-Oriented Telemedicine.

A Survey on the Urban Residents' Recognition of Eco-friendly Outdoor Playground - Focused on Apartment House Playground Users in Seoul·Incheon·Gyeonggi-

Urban outdoor playground serves as the space to promote the physical, cognitive, social, creative, emotional and linguistic development of children and the education center to stimulate the imagination and curiosity of them. It is also the place to be used as a basic park for urban residents and the local community space for associating with people of various levels. However, this playground as a banal space did not function properly before now. In 21st century, urban playground requires change and its various changes have been attempted. In particular, there is a need for the change into eco-friendly playground to provide children's health and urban healthy environment. Therefore, it requires much effort to construct and vitalize the eco-friendly playground adequate for domestic circumstances in Korea. This study derived the preferred planning items among eco-friendly playground planning elements focused on the people to use it and provided the data for the construction of local friendly, eco-friendly outdoor playground. For this purpose, we visited the playground of the apartment house built in 10 years with more than 300 households and surveyed 200 adults and investigated the residents' utilization and satisfaction on the current playground and the recognition and preference for eco-friendly playground.

A Comparative Analysis of Elementary English Classroom Characteristics in Korea and Japan

The aim of this study is to investigate and compare the present elementary school English education circumstances in Korea and Japan in terms of the similarities and differences of the pedagogical practices as well as of the teachers’ pedagogical views on teaching English to young learners. Questionnaires, observations, and interviews were employed in order to gather the quantitative and qualitative data. The five major findings indicate the following: a) practicing CLT in both countries was similar, but in Japan, JLTs (Japanese assistant language teacher) helped the main teacher and students; b) the use of materials and activities was similar, but Korean teachers preferred CD-ROMs, whereas they were not popular with Japanese teachers; c) the majority of Korean and Japanese teachers did not favor exclusive L2 use; d) while Korean teachers highlighted the key target language sentences in the initial phase of class, Japanese teachers did not require students to be aware of them; e) teachers in both countries had a different attitude in generating student motivation. In the final section, this study has attempted to provide implications for the future education of both countries.

안동-임하 연결도수로 설치에 따른 가용 수자원량에 관한 연구

Abstract World is experiencing abnormal weather caused by urbanization and industrialization increasing greenhouse gas and one of these phenomenon domestically happening is flood and drought. The increase of green-house gases is due to urbanization and industrialization acceleration which are causing abnormal climate changes such as the El Nino and a La Nina phenomenon. It is expected that there will be many difficulties in water management, especially considering the topography and seasonal circumstances in Korea. Unlike in the past, a variety of water conservation initiatives have been undertaken like the river-management flow and water capacity expansion projects. To meet the increasing demand for water resources, new environmentally-friendly small and medium-sized dams have been built. Therefore, the development of a new paradigm for water resources management is essential. This study shows that additional security is needed for potential water resources through diversion tunnels and is very important to consider for future water supplies and situations. Using RCP 6.0 and RCP 8.5 in representative concentration pathway climate change scenario, specific hydrologic data of study basin was produced to analyze past observed basin rainfall tendency which showed both scenario 5%~9% range increase in rainfall. Through sensitivity analysis using objective function, population in highest goodness was 1000 and cross rate was 80%. In conclusion, it is expected that the results from this study will help to make long-term and stable water supply plans by using the potential water resource evaluation model which was applied in this study.

Proposal for Safety Inspection of Multiple Dwellings in the Era of Sustainability

In this paper, methods to institute a sustainable safety inspection system for e xtent multiple dwellings in Korea are presented. The results of the study are summarized below. First, on the basis of a study on the safety inspection systems for multiple dwe llings in Japan and the United States, the state of the safety inspection systems and the policies for multiple dwellings in Korea is exa mined. Subsequently, the weaknesses of the Korean safety inspection systems and the need to revise them are discussed. Second, the housing circumstances in Korea, Japan, and the United States are analyzed and compared, including laws on safety inspection for multiple dwellings, targets and items of inspection, qualifications for inspection, building history systems, and qualified professionals for safety inspection. On the basis of the analysis and com parison, the differences between the systems of the three nations and the issues that need to be introduced in Korea are presented. Third, based on the safety inspection experiences in Japan and the United States, new directions of safety inspection and methods to enhance current systems for multiple dwellings in Korea are proposed.

한국판 통제적 코칭행동척도(K-CCBS) 개발의 구조적 타당도 검증

The purpose of this study was to prove a structural validation of the Korean version that was made in order to be appropriate CCBS(Controlling Coaching Behavior Scale) of the athlete`s that was developed in native English countries for domestic circumstances in Korea. For this, the procedure was to make initial version targeting 169 athletes in first step, to analyze reliability of final version based on initial version from first step in second step and to prove the validation about structural basic of final version. The initial version that was produced through translation and its review in the comparative cultural view and was analyzed by reliability and internal consistency between test and retest targeting for 169 athletes and indicated that consistency and stability was in good condition. And also, data targeting for 679 athletes of 31 events(Ju-do and etc.) was collected. From the question analyzation and confirmatory fact analyzation, model was found suitable for this study. From the result, K-CCBS was confirmed through fourteen questions of four facts (controlling use of rewards, negative conditional regard, linguistic intimidate, excessive personal control).

Evaluation of nuclide release scenarios for a hypothetical LILW repository

A program for the safety assessment and performance evaluation of a low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste (LILW) repository system has been developed. Utilizing GoldSim (2006), the program evaluates nuclide release and transport into the geosphere and biosphere under various disruptive natural and manmade events and scenarios that can occur after a waste package failure. We envisaged and illustrated these events and scenarios as occurring after the closure of a hypothetical LILW repository, and they included the degradation of various manmade barriers, pumping well drilling, and natural disruptions such as the sudden formation of a preferential flow pathway in the far-field area of the repository. Possible enhancement of nuclide transport facilitated by colloids or chelating agents is also dealt with. We used the newly-developed GoldSim template program, which is capable of various nuclide release scenarios and is greatly suited for simulating a potential repository given the geological circumstances in Korea, to create the detailed source-term and near-field release scheme, various nuclide transport modes in the far-field geosphere area, and the biosphere transfer. Even though all parameter values applied to the hypothetical repository were assumed, the illustrative results, particularly the probabilistic calculations and sensitivity studies, may be informative under various scenarios. ( GoldSim, LILW, Nuclide transport, Safety assessment, Scenario).

Evaluating Durability and Burying Characteristic of PVC Pipe

Currently, there are cast iron pipe, protective coating steel pipe, PE pipe, GRP (Glass-Fiber Reinforced Pipe), PVC pipe etc in use in Korea. Since there is rather very low recognition of synthetic resins pipe among those in case of Korea, the kind of pipes for use is very few compared with the actual performance. Once analyzing foreign data, synthetic resin pipes are widely used in even drainpipe and items for piping such as connecting parts are diverse and accessories of piping for general use are being laid underground. It is necessary to mine pipes with selection of various kinds of pipes considering surrounding environment and local circumstances in Korea. This study evaluated the features of soil pressure using load-strain feature and simulated scale down box test through 3-point deflection test for the evaluation of basic features by vertical load such as breakage of PVC pipe and leakage in mining environment in which live loads and cavity exist.

Electro-Mechanical Safety Testing of Portable ECG Devices for Home Healthcare Usage

ObjectivesThis paper suggests the experimental guidelines to evaluate the electro-mechanical safety of belt type equipment. The electro-mechanical safety was determined by using the International Electrotechnical Commission guidelines, which are widely used as important factors for assessing the electro-mechanical safety of belt type equipment. However, the local guidelines on wearable healthcare sensors are currently not well-established. Therefore, safety guidelines suited for the actual circumstances in Korea are required, and this paper attempts to try a new experimental safety test procedure of the wearable healthcare sensor.MethodsThis belt type device measures the electrocardiogram (ECG) and heart rates by attaching to the chest. Examination lists were selected by analyzing the common standards ofelectro-mechanical safety (IEC 60601-1) and environment tests (IEC 60068-1, IEC 60068-2) of home-healthcare equipment.ResultsThe essential electrical safety, which was required for the RS300G3 as a medical device, was evaluated, and most of the examination lists were selected by considering the circumstances of the users. The device passed all the selected examinable lists that are applicable to the Korean environment.ConclusionsThis study has limitations to estimate and to conduct electro-mechanical safety experiments because our study focused on the belt type of heart-rates equipment. We are not taking into account the overall electro-mechanical home-healthcare measurements. According to industrial and technological development, there are infinite possibilities for the advancement of home-healthcare equipment, so more examination lists for safety are being added in addition to what we have done.

Development of Korean Academy of Medical Sciences Guideline on the skin and related system: impairment evaluation of disfigurement in skin and appearance.

The purpose of this study is to develop new standards for the disability evaluation with reference to existing laws and other study reports regarding disabilities for the rational evaluation of the diverse kinds of disfigurement in appearance and skin. Three plastic surgery specialists and 3 dermatology specialists developed a new standard for the disability evaluation which is appropriate for circumstances in Korea. Disability rate does not take into account the social occupation, gender or age of the patient, but instead, evaluate the Activity of Daily Living and the social adaptability of the appearance and skin disfigurement regardless of the balance between different disabilities. We tried to include most cutaneous disorders and categorized them into 3 types; congenital (Type 1), acquired (Type 2) as well as any permanent skin impairment sequelae of disease, trauma or treatment process (Type 3). For type 3 disorders, we tried to rate the score according to the size of involved skin lesion. The disability rate is determined by dividing the disability class into 8 steps based on the seriousness of each type of disability.