Circuit Training Intervention Research Articles

EFFECT OF CIRCUIT TRAINING ON CARDIO-RESPIRATORY ENDURANCE AMONG ADOLESCENTS

In the contemporary age, an inactive lifestyle is a burning issue. In the context of Pakistan, the majority of adolescents are victims of sedentary lifestyles leading to various chronic problems like cardio-respiratory diseases. In this regard, regular training is considered a medicine and cure to restrict chronic problems. This study focuses on how adolescents' cardio-respiratory endurance is affected by circuit training. This study comprised of an experimental, randomized controlled trial and pre/post-intervention study design. The intervention was conducted at the Government College of Management Sciences in Haripur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Twenty-four participants were randomly divided into the experimental group (n=12) and the control group (n=12). Before starting the intervention, a pre-test was conducted and then the experimental group was engaged in circuit training intervention whereas the control group was not engaged in intervention. At the end of the intervention, a post-test was conducted. The change in cardio-respiratory endurance for 16–19-year-old participants differed significantly between the experimental group (Heart Rate 8.083±3.423, Respiratory Rate 2.750±1.357) and control group (Heart Rate .667±2.309, Respiratory Rate -.333±1.371) (p>0.05) in favor of the experimental group. Circuit training intervention is effective in increasing cardio-respiratory endurance among adolescents.

School-Based Circuit Training Intervention Improves Local Muscular Endurance in Primary School Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of a 12-week circuit training program in improving local muscular endurance in normal-weighted primary school students. The study involved a parallel-group randomized trial with 606 primary school boys assigned to an experimental or a control group. The participants underwent a 12-week circuit training program that involved multi-joint, total-body workouts using body weight, resistance bands, and medicine ball exercises. The study measured the participants' local muscular endurance during sit-ups, dynamic trunk extensions on a Roman bench (DTE), and push-ups. After adjusting for the baseline, the treatment-grade interaction was significant for sit-ups (F = 7.74, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.04), DTE (F = 6.49, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.03), and push-ups (F = 9.22, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.05), where the experimental treatment was more beneficial than the control. The treatment effect seemed to vary depending on the individual's baseline local muscle endurance capacity. As the baseline local muscular endurance values increased, the treatment and grade effects became less beneficial. A 12-week circuit training program involving body weight, resistance bands, and medicine ball exercises suits school-based programs and can improve local muscular endurance in normal-weighted primary school boys. The experimental treatment was more effective than the control, and the individual baseline muscular endurance should be considered when designing training programs.

The Effects of a 6-Week Strength and Endurance Circuit Training on Body Image of High School Girls

Summary The aim of this study was to extend the knowledge about the influence of strength and endurance circuit training intervention on body image of the female high school students. Our hypothesis was: The objectively and subjectively measured body image among the 16 – 17 years old females will be significantly improved after the participation in 6-week strength and endurance circuit training. We used experiment with 2 groups from 2nd class from the secondary school: experimental (intervention) group consists of 15 female students (x̄ age = 16.99 ± 0.29 years) and control group consists of 20 female students (x̄ age = 17.11 ± 0.36 years). The experimental factor was the strength and endurance circuit training, practicing during 6 weeks (twice a week), performed during the physical education lessons. The body image of the girl was measured using 2 methods: the objective one was the somatometry (body height, body weight and Body Mass Index), subjective measurements of the body image were the Silhouettes – Contour Drawing Rating Scale (Thomson &amp; Gray 1995). After these 6 weeks we succeeded in every measurement of the body image – the significant effect was noticed in the experimental group in pre- and post-test on Body Mass Index (p = 0,003) and on Contour Drawing Rating Scale (p = 0,003). According to the received knowledge we suggest to integrate this movement program to the lessons of the physical and sport education for the female adolescents.

Circuit Training Intervention for Adaptive Physical Activity to Improve Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Leg Muscle Strength Static and Balance of Intellectually Disabled Children

Circuit Training Intervention for Adaptive Physical Activity to Improve Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Leg Muscle Strength Static and Balance of Intellectually Disabled Children

Rehabilitation interventions for improving balance following stroke: An overview of systematic reviews.

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to synthesize evidence from systematic reviews, to summarise the effects of rehabilitation interventions for improving balance in stroke survivors.MethodsWe conducted an overview of systematic reviews (SRs). We included Cochrane Systematic Reviews and non-Cochrane Systematic Reviews of randomized-controlled clinical trials and not-randomized clinical trials, in all types of stroke, comparing the effects of interventions, control interventions and no interventions on balance-related outcomes. We conducted a comprehensive search of electronic databases, from inception to December 2017. Data extracted included: number and type of participants, type of intervention, control intervention, method of assessing risk of bias of primary studies, balance outcome measures and results of statistical meta-analyses. Methodological quality of included reviews was assessed using AMSTAR 2. A narrative description of the characteristics of the SRs was provided and results of meta-analyses summarised with reference to their methodological quality.Results51 SRs (248 primary studies and 10,638 participants) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the overview. All participants were adults with stroke. A wide variety of different balance and postural control outcomes were included. 61% of SRs focussed on the effectiveness of physical therapy, 20% virtual reality, 6% electromechanical devices, 4% Tai-Chi, whole body vibration and circuit training intervention, and 2% cognitive rehabilitation. The methodology of 54% of SRs were judged to be of a “low or critically low” quality, 23% “moderate” quality and 22% “high” quality.ConclusionsThere are 51 SRs of evidence relating to the effectiveness of interventions to improve balance in people with stroke, but the majority of these are of poor methodological quality, limiting our ability to draw clear implications. Only 22% of these SRs were judged to be of high quality, highlighting the need to address important methodological issues within rehabilitation research.

Effects of circuit training interventions on bone metabolism markers and bone density of old women with osteopenia.

The purpose of this study is to propose an effective exercise intervention program to prevent and control osteopenia and osteoporosis that result from aging. To the end of this study, a circuit training intervention was performed for 8 weeks among participants with osteopenia who resided in Gyeonggi Province and were aged 65 and whose T-score of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was between −1.0 and −2.5. Based on the effect of this intervention on their bone metabolism markers and bone density, the following conclusions were derived: First, it turned out that the circuit training intervention had statistically significant interactive effects on bone metabolism markers (osteocalcin and deoxypyrid-inoline) of old women with osteopenia depending on the measuring timing and groups. Second, it turned out that the circuit training intervention had statistically significant interactive effects on the bone density (T-score) depending on the measuring timing and groups. The conclusions above indicate that the circuit training intervention showed positive effects on bone metabolism markers and bone density of old women with osteopenia, being viewed as an effective intervention program applicable in order to prevent and control osteopenia and osteoporosis in line with bone density decrease.

The effects of circuit training on the indexes of sarcopenia and the risk factors of metabolic syndrome in aged obese women.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of circuit training on the indexes of sarcopenia and the risk factors of metabolic syndrome in aged obese women. To address the goal, this author selected aged women whose body mass index was higher than 25.0 kg/m2 visiting the welfare center for the aged located in Gangwon-do Province and measured the indexes of sarcopenia and the risk factors of metabolic syndrome after circuit training. Through that, this study has gained following results. First, after circuit training, aged obese women’s indexes of sarcopenia indicated statistically significant difference in terms of interaction between the measuring times and groups. Second, after circuit training, aged obese women’s risk factors of metabolic syndrome (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and waist circumference) showed statistically significant difference in terms of interaction between the measuring times and groups. To sum up the above results, circuit training improves aged obese women’s indexes of sarcopenia and risk factors of metabolic syndrome positively, which means circuit training is found to be effective. Therefore, the circuit training intervention enhances aged obese women’s muscular and metabolic functions positively. As it helps prevent and manage the risk factors of sarcopenia and metabolic syndrome resulted from aging, it will elevate life quality in senescence.

제2형 당뇨병 노인여성의 건강관리를 위한 순환운동의 중재 효과

제2형 당뇨병 노인여성의 건강관리를 위한 순환운동의 중재 효과

Circuit training enhances function in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study

BackgroundThe number of patients receiving total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been rising every year due to the aging population and the obesity epidemic. Post-operative rehabilitation is important for the outcome of TKA.MethodsA series of 34 patients who underwent primary unilateral TKA was retrospectively collected and divided into either exercise group (n = 16) and control group (n = 18). The exercise group underwent a 24-week course of circuit training beginning 3 months after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The effect of circuit training on TKA patients in terms of motion analysis, muscle strength testing, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS) questionnaire and patient-reported outcome measurement Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) at the pre-operation, pre-exercise, mid-exercise, and post-exercise.ResultsMotion analysis revealed the stride length, step velocity, and excursion of active knee range of motion significantly improved in the exercise group when compared to those in the control group. KOOS questionnaire showed a greater improvement in pain, ADL, and total scores in the exercise group. The SF-36 questionnaire revealed a significant improvement in general health, bodily pain, social function, and physical components score in the exercise group.ConclusionsThe post-operative circuit training intervention can facilitate recovery of knee function and decrease the degree of pain in the TKA and might be considered a useful adjunct rehabilitative modality. The ultimate influence of circuit training on TKA needs further a prospective randomized clinical trial study and long-term investigation.Trial registrationNCT02928562

The Effect of Circuit Training on Resting Heart Rate Variability, Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Physical Fitness in Healthy Untrained Adults

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of circuit training (CT) on resting heart rate variability (HRV) and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as blood lipids and blood glucose and on fitness components. Twenty-four healthy untrained adults (age 26.5 ± 5.1 years; height 1.67 ± 8.4 m; weight 66.8 ± 15.1 kg; 26.3% ± 5.2%; maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) 48.5 ± 10.0 ml.kg-1.min-1) were assigned to either CT (n = 12) involving bodyweight exercises, or control (CON, n = 12) groups. Prior to the start and following the end of the six-week training period, time-, frequency-domain and nonlinear measures of resting HRV, arterial blood pressure, body composition, fasting blood lipids, lipoproteins and glucose, VO2max, upper body muscular endurance (UBME) and abdominal and hip flexor (AHFME), back strength (BS) and handgrip were assessed. None of the resting HRV measures (P > 0.05) were affected by the CT intervention. However, diastolic blood pressure decreased (P = 0.03), lean body weight (P = 0.03) increased, VO2max (P = 0.03), UBME (P ＝ 0.001), AHFME (P = 0.04), and BS (P = 0.03) were significantly higher following CT, whereas the other variables were not influenced by the CT. Six-week of CT involving bodyweight exercises has no significant impact on resting HRV. However, this type of training might decrease the risk for development of CVD by reducing arterial blood pressure and by improving body composition, aerobic capacity, muscular endurance and strength.

The effect of a novel tactical training program on physical fitness and occupational performance in firefighters.

Structural firefighting is a dangerous and physically demanding profession. Thus, it is critical that firefighters exercise regularly to maintain optimal physical fitness levels. However, little is known about optimal training methods for firefighters, and exercise equipment is often not available to on-duty firefighters. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a novel supervised on-duty physical training program on the physical fitness and occupational performance of structural firefighters. Twenty professional male firefighters were divided into a supervised exercise group (SEG; n = 11) and a control group (CG; n = 9). The SEG participated in a 12-week circuit training intervention. The SEG exercised for 1 hour on 2 d·wk. At baseline and after the intervention, subjects performed a battery of physical fitness tests and a simulated fire ground test (SFGT). At baseline, there were no significant differences (p = 0.822) in the completion rate of the SFGT in the SEG (82%) vs. the CG (78%). After the intervention, a significantly greater proportion of the firefighters in the SEG completed the SFGT compared with the CG (SEG = 100% vs. CG = 56%; p < 0.013). In addition, the SEG demonstrated significant improvements in body mass, fat mass, and body mass index (p ≤ 0.05). The findings of this study indicate that training with firefighter equipment improved occupational performance and anthropometric outcomes in incumbent firefighters. Furthermore, implementing a supervised exercise program using firefighter equipment can be done so in a safe and feasible manner.

Examining the Effectiveness of a Multicomponent Reading Comprehension Intervention in Middle Schools: A Focus on Treatment Fidelity

In this experimental study, we examined the effects of a multicomponent reading comprehension intervention in sixth- to eighth-grade English language arts classes with a focus on factors to enhance treatment implementation. We tested the contribution of a theoretically derived fidelity framework that included adherence, quality, dosage, program differentiation, and student responsiveness. The study was conducted in three schools, involving 14 teachers and 859 students. English language arts classes were randomly assigned to the Comprehension Circuit Training intervention (n = 30) or typical practice comparison (n = 31) conditions, and all teachers taught in both conditions. Findings indicated that there was no reliable difference between the intervention and typical practice groups on standardized or researcher-developed proximal measures. To investigate the relationship between fidelity and student outcomes, we conducted a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to determine the relation of the indicators to a latent fidelity factor. Results of the CFA revealed a single fidelity factor composed of the adherence, quality, dosage, student responsiveness, and program differentiation variables. The fidelity factor was statistically significantly related to outcomes on a standardized comprehension measure (γ = .86, p < .01) and a narrative measure (γ = .52, p < .01). Results underscore the need to consider the complexity of implementing multicomponent interventions in middle schools and the importance of measuring multiple dimensions of the implementation of fidelity.

Effect of supervised and home exercise training on bone mineral density among breast cancer patients. A 12-month randomised controlled trial

The ability of combined step aerobic- and circuit-training to prevent bone loss after breast cancer treatments was related to skeletal site and patients' menopausal status. Among premenopausal breast cancer survivors, a 12-month exercise intervention completely prevented bone loss at the femoral neck, whereas no exercise effect was seen at lumbar spine or at neither site in postmenopausal women. The primary objective of this randomised clinical trial was to determine the preventive effect of supervised weight-bearing jumping exercises and circuit training on bone loss among breast cancer patients. Of 573 breast cancer survivors aged 35-68years randomly allocated into exercise or control group after adjuvant treatments, 498 (87%) were included in the final analysis. The 12-month exercise intervention comprised weekly supervised step aerobic- and circuit-exercises and similar home training. Bone mineral density (BMD) at lumbar spine and femoral neck were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Physical performance was assessed by 2-km walking and figure-8 running tests, and the amount of physical activity was estimated in metabolic equivalent-hours/week. In premenopausal women, bone loss at the femoral neck was prevented by exercise, the mean BMD changes being -0.2% among the trainees vs. -1.4% among the controls (p = 0.01). Lumbar bone loss could not be prevented (-1.9% vs. -2.2%). In postmenopausal women, no significant exercise-effect on BMD was found either at the lumbar spine (-1.6% vs. -2.1%) or femoral neck (-1.1% vs. -1.1%). This 12-month aerobic jumping and circuit training intervention completely prevented femoral neck bone loss in premenopausal breast cancer patients, whereas no effect on BMD was seen in postmenopausal women.

Effects of a 6-week circuit training intervention on body esteem and body mass index in British primary school children

Research examining the impact of physical activity on children's body image has been limited and equivocal. The current researchers examined the effect of 6-week circuit-based training on body esteem and body mass index (BMI) in 68 British children (34 boys and 34 girls, aged 10–11 years, 16% overweight, 7% obese). The Body Esteem Scale for Children (BES-C) was administered to both the intervention group and control group, pre, post and 6 weeks post the intervention. BMI was directly assessed from height and body mass pre- and post-intervention. The results of this study revealed that, as compared to the control group, participation in 6-week circuit training significantly improved body esteem scores post-intervention. However, these scores were not sustained 6 weeks post-intervention. The improvement in body esteem scores from pre- to post-intervention was greater for girls as compared to boys. Additionally, BMI decreased significantly in the intervention group compared to the control group.

A 2-YEAR, SCHOOL-BASED EXERCISE INTERVENTION INDUCES SUBSTANTIAL GAIN IN FEMORAL NECK BMC IN BOYS

PURPOSE We, and others, have reported greater gains in bone mass (BMC) at several skeletal sites in children participating in short-term (8 month) exercise interventions. However, whether benefits are maintained or increase when exercise is sustained over 20 months is unknown. METHODS We investigated BMC changes in initially, prepubertal boys (Tanner Stage (TS) 1, 10.1 (0.5) yr) who participated for 2 school years in a circuit-training intervention, 3x/wk. Intervention (INT) group (N = 28, 141.2 cm and 37.7 kg) was compared with controls (N = 32, 140.7 cm and 34.6 kg) whose schools continued normal-practice PE. We assessed BMC (grams) and area (BA, cm) for the total body (TB), lumbar spine, proximal femur, femoral neck (FN) and greater trochanter by DXA (Hologic QDR 4500W). We obtained lean mass and fat mass (grams) from DXA TB scans, and measured height (cm) and weight (kg) by standard methods. Physical activity (PA) and calcium intake (CI) were evaluated by questionnaire 6 times over 2 school years. RESULTS There was no difference between groups for body size or composition, maturity, CI or PA at baseline. Over 20 months, two-thirds of the boys advanced to TS 2 or 3. FN BMC (18.6 vs 13.9%, P < 0.01) and BA (11.1 vs 7.6%, P < 0.05), and TB BMC (24.7 vs 22.9%, P < 0.05) increased significantly more in INT (ANCOVA, baseline weight, final TS, PA and height change as covariates). Bone changes at other sites were not significant. Changes in FN BMC paralleled changes in lean mass, which were augmented in INT (23.1 vs 18.4%, P < 0.05). Other growth indices changed similarly between groups. In regression, group assignment was a significant predictor of FN BMC change and accounted for 5.7% (P < 0.01) of variance (baseline BMC, final TS, change in lean mass, baseline weight, height change and PA were controlled in the model). CONCLUSION Our data suggests that substantial increases in FN BMC can be made with long term participation in a school-based exercise program. The early pubertal period may be a particularly responsive time for femoral neck adaptation to loading activity.