Circle Test Research Articles

Qualitative validation on a numerical model for the direct stability assessment of surf-riding and broaching

A previously developed numerical model for surf-riding and broaching is qualitatively validated based on the criteria of direct stability assessment (DSA) proposed in SDC 7. Roll decay tests are conducted to obtain roll backbone curves, which are compared with calculated GZ curve to demonstrate their consistency. Then, roll response curves under different wave frequencies in regular beam wave are obtained. It is verified that roll response curve “fold around” the newly defined “peak backbone curve”. Cases with fixed yaw under different Fn are chosen to demonstrate the numerical model's capability of reproducing surf-riding equilibrium. Turning circle test is conduced to demonstrate correct modelling of maneuvering forces and the capability to reproduce heel due to ship turning. Wave surging forces are calculated under different wave numbers and amplitudes. The correct tendency of phase difference between wave surging force and the incident wave is observed, which reveals the correct modelling of wave forces in the model. Moreover, a preliminary quantitative validation is conducted under various cases. Through comparison with experimental results, it is recommended that the wave diffraction correction of the wave surging forces should be included in the simulation model in order to avoid overestimation of surf-riding and broaching.

Estimating Hydrodynamic Coefficients of Real Ships Using AIS Data and Support Vector Regression

In response to the complexity and time demands of conventional methods for estimating the hydrodynamic coefficients, this study aims to revolutionize ship maneuvering analysis by utilizing automatic identification system (AIS) data and the Support Vector Regression (SVR) algorithm. The AIS data were collected and processed to remove outliers and impute missing values. The rate of turn (ROT), speed over ground (SOG), course over ground (COG) and heading (HDG) in AIS data were used to calculate the rudder angle and ship velocity components, which were then used as training data for a regression model. The accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm were validated by comparing SVR-based estimated hydrodynamic coefficients and the original hydrodynamic coefficients of the Mariner class vessel. The validated SVR algorithm was then applied to estimate the hydrodynamic coefficients for real ships using AIS data. The turning circle test wassimulated from calculated hydrodynamic coefficients and compared with the AIS data. The research results demonstrate the effectiveness of the SVR model in accurately estimating the hydrodynamic coefficients from the AIS data. In conclusion, this study proposes the viability of employing SVR model and AIS data for accurately estimating the hydrodynamic coefficients. It offers a practical approach to ship maneuvering prediction and control in the maritime industry.

Mathematical modeling of shallow water effects on ship maneuvering

An Abkowitz-type model was extended to improve the prediction of maneuvering dynamics of inland ships in deep and shallow waters. First, additional coupled rudder and speed related hydrodynamic derivatives were added to better capture hydrodynamic forces and moments. Second, higher order drift related hydrodynamic derivatives were implemented to more reliably predict longitudinal forces. Steady RANS-based captive model tests were performed to estimate speed-dependent hydrodynamic derivatives. Unsteady captive model tests, based on applying a novel Euler equations based numerical approach, were carried out to determine acceleration-dependent zero-frequency hydrodynamic derivatives. Executed were propulsion tests, rudder tests, coupled propulsion and rudder tests, rotating arm tests, drift tests, and coupled rotating arm and drift tests, all at five water depths to draft ratios of 1.43, 1.79, 2.00, 4.00, and 8.00. Tests at the ratio 1.79 were validated against physical captive model tests, and regression analyses estimated the hydrodynamic derivatives. At each water depth, a 45 deg turning circle test, a 35/10 zigzag test, and a 45/110 evasive action test were carried out. Turning circle maneuvers were significantly influenced by shallow water. Compared to deep water, in shallow water the tactical diameter increased from 1.6L to 2.6L, and the drift angle decreased from 21 deg to about 4 deg. Compared to turning circles maneuvers, effects on the zigzag and evasive action maneuvers were relatively small in shallow water. Drift angles and yaw rates in the simulated 45 deg turning circle and a 35/5 zigzag tests agreed favorably with full-scale trials of a similar ship; however, scale effects and the slightly different hull shapes led to different speed losses.

A pilot study of how the past, present, and future are represented in three-dimensional space.

Numerous studies have shown that the representation of temporal concepts is associated with spatial features such as position and size. In a conventional task called the "Circle Test (CT)," participants are asked to express the relative importance of the past, present, and future and to demonstrate relationships among them by drawing three circles representing the past, present, and future. Studies on various participants, including refugees, patients living with serious illnesses, and adolescents, have used it to understand the temporal perspectives of different test takers. On the other hand, several studies have suggested that concepts of time are represented in three-dimensional (3D) space. It is expected that temporal concepts of the past, present, and future could be recorded using a 3D drawing task. Here we created a 3D version of CT (the "Sphere Test [ST]") to investigate the sagittal representation of time and to record the relative time importance and relatedness, allowing for the shielding relationships and the laws of perspective. We conducted experiments with university students to compare the results from the CT and the ST. Our results suggested that not all on-screen overlapping can be interpreted as representing a connection between two time zones in 3D space. We also found correlations between the chosen sizes of the three circles in the CT and ST, i.e., the on-screen sizes of the past and present circles were positively correlated. In contrast, we observed no correlation between the on-screen sizes of the future circles in the two tests. The alignment pattern along the sagittal axis showed different patterns from the horizontal and vertical axes. In conclusion, this study sheds new light on the third dimension of the spatial representation of time and may help us understand the relationship between temporal perspectives and other factors, including mental health.

Development and thermal characteristic study of an integrated phase change material earthbag unit for temporary housings

The increasing demand for temporary housing in many developing countries necessitate the use of sustainable and affordable construction options. Earthbag units have the potential to be integrated into such housings as they are inexpensive, sustainable, and straightforward material options for building structures. Nevertheless, due to their thermal characteristics, earthbag units cannot provide a thermally comfortable environment.Thus, the present study focuses on developing an environmentally and sustainable earthbag unit integrated with phase change materials (PCM) to convert severely harsh indoor spaces to moderately harsh ones. For the design and development of earthbag blocks, several units are developed with varying amounts of PCM encapsulated in expanded perlite (EP) and expanded graphite (EG) within each unit, including block A (reference), Block B (PCM 2.2% of sample weight), C (4.3%), and D (6.5%). An experimental study is then conducted to understand the microstructural properties of the embedded PCM composite in soil. Following this initial study, practical differential techniques, including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermal conductivity, and Oozing circle test, have been employed over the developed units to measure their thermal characteristics. Test results from DSC and TGA show good thermal stability of PCM and PCM composites, while SEM results indicated that PCM is well distributed within the pores of EP at 50%EP of the PCM weight. The study found the average indoor surface temperatures by block B, block C, and block D to drop compared to the reference block about 1.2 °C, 3.3 °C, and 4.1 °C, respectively. This clearly shows the benefit of integrating phase change materials in an earthbag unit.

Ophthalmic Manifestations, Evaluation, and Guidelines for Testing of Concussion

Early detection and treatment of concussions is crucial to preventing further brain damage. Current subjective standard-of-care tests used to diagnose concussions, such as symptom reporting and standardized concussion checklists, can often underdiagnose patients with concussions. This review will cover novel biomarkers of concussions related to concussion-associated visual deficits and how they can be used to more accurately monitor patient concussion symptom improvement. Visual deficits are seen in up to 90% of patients within hours after a concussion-inducing trauma and can serve as objective biomarkers in diagnosing and monitoring concussions. Some of the key visual deficits that are seen in patients with concussions include convergence insufficiency, problems with accommodation and smooth pursuit eye movements, saccade dysfunction, and decreased optokinetic nystagmus gain. Patients frequently report blurred vision, challenges reading, double vision and eyestrain, dizziness, visual field defects, and light sensitivity, related to concussions. Promising eye tests to detect and track concussions include pupillary light reflexes, the circle test, and the Samandarani group’s non-spatially calibrated binocular motility test/algorithm in conjunction with video oculography and eye tracking equipment. The EYE-SYNC eye-tracking device allows for portable and accurate detection of eye movements in the field and is a promising tool for detecting concussions both in the field and clinic. Optical coherence tomography and other retinal imaging modalities also represent a promising method of identifying individuals who have sustained a concussion.

A numerical study on the ship-bank interaction at various water depths of a surface ship.

Ship maneuvering in restricted waters is a significant challenge in navigation safety due to the complex flow around the ship. In particular, when a ship travels close to a lateral bank and shallow water, the hydrodynamic interaction forces significantly influence the maneuvering motion of the ship. Maneuverability in restricted water is even more difficult for an autonomous surface ship. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the effects of maneuvering near a bank and in shallow water for an autonomous surface ship. In this study, maneuvering simulations considering the bank effect at various water depths are implemented based on hydrodynamic forces estimated using computational fluid dynamics simulation. First, virtual captive model tests at various water depths and simulations of various lateral distances to the banks are performed to estimate the hydrodynamic forces using computational fluid dynamics simulation. The simulation method is validated by comparing the simulation results of the static drift test in deep water with the measured one in the experimental method. Second, the maneuvering simulations for the turning circle test and zig-zag test at various water depths are conducted using the obtained hydrodynamic coefficients. Then, the maneuvering simulations in deep water are compared with the experiment results, and a good agreement is observed. Finally, the simulation considering the bank effects at various water depths is evaluated and discussed.

Modified nano-SiO2/TiO2 hybrid fluorinated B-72 as antimicrobial and hydrophobic coatings for the conservation of ancient bricks

A transparent superhydrophobic organic–inorganic composite coating was prepared with fluorinated B72 as the base organic component and methyl-modified silica/titania (SiO2/TiO2) by hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) as the inorganic component by a simple and gentle means to protect ancient bricks from the invasion of micro-organisms and the breakage of weathering. Contact angle, transparency, adhesion, and hardness tests were utilized to testify the content of TiO2 in the inorganic component. The modified SiO2/TiO2 and the composite coating were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 8% TiO2 in methyl-modified silica was proved to achieve the highest contact angle. Compared with the untreated bricks, the composite coating enhanced the performance of ancient bricks against weathering, bacteria, and algae. In detail, the inhibitory effect of the coating on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) was studied by a bacteriostatic circle test and fluorescence staining, and the influence of the composite coating on algae was determined by comparative experiment as well. Finally, the mechanism of the coating on antibacterial and anti-algae was explored and summarized. The results demonstrated that the weathering process can be slowed by coating the bricks with silica-titania hybrid fluorinated B-72 without altering their outward appearance, thereby protecting ancient buildings without structural repairs involving cement, glues, or concrete which alter the original architect's concept.

Student learning difficulties in Mathematics learning at Madrasah Tsanawiyah

This study aims to: (1) describe the learning difficulties of class VIII A MTs students. Badrussalam NW Sekarbela on circle material in terms of concepts, principles, and algorithms (2) to find out the teacher's efforts in overcoming the learning difficulties of class VIII A MTs students. Badrussalam NW Sekarbela on circle material in terms of the use of concepts, principles, and algorithms. The subjects selected in this study were 19 students, but 1 student was absent due to illness so the subject became 18 students who took the circle test. The research subjects would be determined based on the results of the circle test. Students who were selected as research subjects were students who did not meet the KKM (Minimum Completeness Criteria). Of the 18 students who took the circle test, there were 5 students who passed. Which is determined as research subjects are 3 students who get a score and 3 students with. The approach used in this research is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques namely observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing (verification), and checking the validity of the data used, namely observation extension, observation persistence, triangulation, and reference adequacy. The results showed that students' difficulties in learning circle material in terms of concepts, principles, and algorithms, namely: (a) students' difficulties in giving short names or technical names (b) students' difficulties in remembering the formulas for circumference and area of circles (c) difficulties in classification (d) students' unskilled in basic errors (e) calculation errors (f) students have not been able to master the algorithm. And the teacher's efforts to overcome student learning difficulties in circle material in terms of concepts, principles, and algorithms, namely: (a) provide an understanding of the concept of circle elements by showing pictures of circles (b) provide exercises with various questions (c) take a variety of approaches personally to students (d) doing private privately (e) repeating questions that have been studied (f) giving directions to students to remember the formulas learned (g) guiding and directing students in using the algorithm correctly.

Preparation of functional poly-(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)-based guided bone-regeneration membrane and its application in the reconstruction of mandibular defects in rats.

This study aimed to prepare functional composite electrospinning fibrous membranes with the functions of antifibrosis and bacteriostasis, as well as to explore its repair effect on rat jaw defect. Poly-(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) fibrous membrane loaded with cyclic-arginine-glycine-aspartic acid sequence, ornidazole, and nanohydroxyapatite (n-HA) was prepared by electrospinning as the functional layer (GBRL) for adhering onto defective bone. A barrier layer with the function of supporting and isolating different functional layers was prepared by tape-casting method. Poly(p-dioxanone-co-l-phenylalanine) fiber membrane with the function of inhibiting fibrosis was prepared by electrospinning technology as the antifibrosis layer (AFL). The morphology of the composite membrane was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The effects of different functional layers on the proliferation of mouse osteoblast precursor cells (MC3T3-E1) and mouse fibroblasts (L929) were studied by cell-proliferation test (CCK-8 method). The inhibitory effect of composite membrane on the proliferation of Porphyromonas gingivalis was studied by bacteriostatic circle test. A rat mandibular-bone defect model was established to study the repair effect of composite fiber membrane on bone-defect tissue. This repair effect was compared with that of collagen oral-repair membrane commonly used in clinics. The GBRL layer could support the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells, and the AFL layer could inhibit the proliferation of L929 cells. Composite membranes loaded with ornidazole could inhibit the proliferation of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Various composite membranes can induce the reconstruction of rat jaw defects, among which the composite membranes loaded with ornidazole and n-HA had the best repair effect, which was better than that of collagen oral-repair membrane. The electrospun membrane loaded with ornidazole and n-HA as the composite fiber membrane of GBRL layer had excellent antibacterial and bone-tissue-regeneration activity. The effect was better than that of the commonly used collagen oral-repair membrane. Therefore, this material has great potential to induce bone regeneration for defects caused by periodontal diseases.

Study on numerical PMM test and its application to KCS hull

· A numerical moving tank was applied for the various PMM tests of the KCS model. · Numerical sensitivity of time window, grid resolution, and time step was systematically examined. · The wave patterns and vortices around ship was observed in various PMM test conditions. · A complete set of hull manoeuvring coefficients was obtained. · The manoeuvring coefficients were successfully applied for the prediction of turning tests. The planar motion mechanism (PMM) test is among the most popular methods to evaluate ship manoeuvrability due to its ability to generate manoeuvring coefficients through a series of captive tests. As a replacement for conventional towing tank facilities, the present work applies an open-source-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver to conduct numerical tests, including the static drift, pure sway, pure yaw, and combined drift-yaw tests. The test model is the KRISO container ship (KCS), which has a highly-curved hull with sharp edges and extruded bulbous bow. The original k-ω SST turbulence model has been enhanced to stabilize the turbulence fields near the free surface as well as the hull, and the bow and stern vortices that occur during the ship's PMM motions are displayed in the present CFD analysis. For both the static and dynamic tests, the force and moment predicted by the present CFD solver agree well with the experimental measurements. The numerical PMM tests have generated a complete list of manoeuvring coefficients for the bare hull, and the further application to ship 35° turning circle test has demonstrated a reasonable agreement with the direct free-running experiments.

Enhanced body-force propeller model for non-uniform inflow flow and application to turning circle test of KCS in calm water

An enhanced body-force propeller model is developed to consider propulsion effects without solving the actual propeller geometry in ship maneuvering problems. Application to the KCS turning circle test in calm water (starting at the self-propulsion point) is conducted using the computational fluid dynamics solver, snuMHLFoam, which was developed on OpenFOAM-plus. Based on the original Hough and Ordway model, the non-uniform advance velocity of the propeller is considered using the local velocity on the inflow plane, to compute the local advance coefficient for different parts of the propeller disk when the propeller works behind a hull. The original overset algorithm is revised by introducing more flexible hole-patch definitions for the hole-cutting procedure and an iterative procedure for the donor-searching procedure to remove invalid donors. The motion decomposition of ship and rudder motions with the revised overset is implemented in order to handle body motions effectively. Self-propulsion and turning circle tests for KCS ships are successfully conducted in calm water. The predicted results, including the PI control results, turning trajectory and parameters, ship motions and velocities, forces and moments, and flow and vortical structures are illustrated and compared with the benchmark experimental data, as well as the numerical results obtained using the Maneuvering Modeling Group (MMG) model. The results indicate that the developed body-force propeller model can provide more reasonable predictions of the propulsive performance when the propeller works behind a hull. The snuMHLFoam solver, which is coupled with motion decomposition using the revised overset grid methodology, is validated to be effective and reliable.

They might all be marauders

Circle theory predicts most offenders will reside within the smallest circle that encloses a pattern of offense locations, which defines the offender's crime range. Those who reside within the crime range reflect a marauder decision pattern, with the remainder reflecting a commuter decision pattern. Random simulations of marauders were conducted to determine the failure rate of the smallest circle to correctly identify a marauder decision pattern. Failure rates were higher as the number of offenses was reduced, but were systematic and predictable. Moreover, the published rates of the marauder vs commuter patterns correspond well with the predicted failure rate. A method for estimating the true size of an offender's criminal territory is presented and it is suggested that the vast majority of offenders are likely to be adopting a marauder decision pattern, and that true commuters may be far less than indicated by the circle test.

Design, synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pleuromutilin derivatives with thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine substitution

A series of novel pleuromutilin derivatives with substituted thienopyrimidines were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for antibacterial act ivity. In this study, the activities of these compounds were investigated using the inhibition circle test, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test, real-time growth curves, time-kill kinetic assays, cytotoxicity assays, and molecular docking. Most of the tested compounds exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Escherichia coli. Compound A11 was the most active and displayed bacteriostatic activities against methicillin-resistant S. aureus, with MIC values as low as 0.00191 μg/mL, which is 162 and 32 times lower than that of the marketed antibiotics tiamulin and retapamulin, respectively. Furthermore, the mechanism of action of A11 was confirmed by molecular docking studies.

Assessments of propulsion models for free running surface ship turning circle simulations

Two propeller models of RANS tools for ship maneuvering predictions are recommended by ITTC committee: discretized propeller model and body force model. In this paper, discretized propeller model and three different body force models are selected to conduct the ship turning circle maneuvering simulations. The direct URANS (unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes) CFD (computational fluid dynamics) method is adopted to assess ship turning circle performance of the self-propelled KCS (KRISO Container Ship) with KP505 propeller model and rudder. Rudder deflection and propeller rotation are executed by the application of hierarchy of overset grids while the ship undertakes 6 DOF dynamic motions. According to the benchmark case, KCS 35 ° turning circle test is simulated at Fr=0.26 using four propulsion models (including the discretized propeller model (DPM), descriptive body-force method (DBM), OUM (Osaka University Method) and modified OUM (MOUM) body-force methods). The present numerical method for maneuvering simulations is verified and validated by conducting the uncertainty analyses. The ship turning circle computational results have been compared against experimental data from literature and with each other in detail. It is found that DPM is able to predict ship turning circle performance well. The difference between DPM and body-force approach become noticeable when the drift angle is larger than 10 deg. DBM is shown to under-predict the magnitude of propeller induced wake passing the rudder and over-predict the tactical diameter, which is consistent with the literatures. The iterative body forces (OUM and MOUM) are found to solve this problem better, especially, MOUM shows higher accuracy in predicting the turning circle characteristics.

쌍축선의 정적 횡경사각에 따른 조종성능 변화에 관한 실험적 연구

The manoeuvrability of a ship with an unwanted heel angle due to a maritime accident is changed from the original characteristics. The purpose of this study is to quantitatively investigate the change in the manoeuvring performance of a twin-screw ship under various hee angles and speed conditions. A series of free running model test campaigns were performed in the Ocean Engineering Basin of Korea Research Institute of Ships & Ocean Engineering (KRISO) for a twin-screw car ferry vessel. Turning circle test and zig-zag 10/10 and 20/20 tests were carried out on the heel angles of 0, -10, and -19.5 degrees. In addition, two-speed conditions were considered to understand the effect of ship speed. In order to examine the effect of the bilge keel, a heel angle of -22 degree where the bilge keel is exposed outside the water surface, was considered. Finally, the change of manoeuvring characteristics according to the heel angle for a twin-screw and a single-screw vessel is discussed.

Development of novel form-stable phase change material (PCM) composite using recycled expanded glass for thermal energy storage in cementitious composite

In the last decade, latent heat storage materials such as phase change materials (PCMs) have been increasingly seen as a promising solution in thermal energy storage (TES) systems to reduce heating and cooling energy demand in buildings. However, there are still some significant challenges to integrate PCM into building components. The main challenges are the difficulty of selecting appropriate PCM carriers which are not only compatible with building materials but also have a high absorption capacity while preventing the leakage of PCM. In this study, recycled expanded glass aggregate (EGA) was innovatively used as a PCM carrier to fabricate form-stable PCM composite. A high absorption ratio of 80% was measured for the EGA, and the leakage results from the diffusion-oozing circle test confirmed the stability of the EGA-PCM composite. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that the phase transition properties of the composite were slightly shifted, and its enthalpy decreased compared to the pure PCM. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results showed that the composite exhibited good thermal stability. In addition, the thermal performance measurements demonstrated that using EGA-PCM composite can significantly reduce the heat transfer rate of the cement mortar up to 47%. Moreover, the microstructure studies revealed successful impregnation of PCM into the EGA and good interfacial bonding between the EGA-PCM composite and the cement matrix. Besides, a cost-benefit analysis of a case study building showed that although the costs of production and initial installation of EGA-PCM composite are relatively high, it is more beneficial in terms of economic and environmental consideration in the long run. The results revealed the feasibility of utilising EGA as a novel PCM carrier and the promising thermal performance of EGA-PCM cement mortar.

Measure technology for loose circle and its application

Based on the 88,302 working face of Baode coal mine, in order to provide the basis for the auxiliary roadway maintenance of the working face, this paper introduces the test principle, test method, test process and result analysis of the loose circle. The analysis shows that the loose range of the two ribs of the auxiliary haulage roadway in 88,302 working face increases gradually with the reduction of the distance from the working face. Affected by mining, the maximum loosening range of roadway coal pillar side is 2.4 m, and the maximum loosening range of coal wall side is 2.2 m. It provides the basis for determining the reasonable bolt support parameters, and provides the practice for the loose circle test of the roadway under similar conditions.

Passage à la majorité des mineurs non accompagnés : quelles adaptations nécessaires pour la prise en charge psychologique et la clinique transculturelle ?

ObjectivesIn France, unaccompanied immigrant minors are considered to be children unprotected by parents or other legal representatives. Some of them have left their country and their family to study, work and pursue a better life, while others are escaping from war-torn countries. The social workers (and carers) who work with them may cope with a variety of problems. Lack of knowledge about the minor's culture and lack of training about symptoms of trauma may lead to misinterpretation. The teenagers may experience difficulties in trusting any adults, after the loss of their family or other various traumatic events, including being victimized by smugglers. These youngsters confront a multiplicity of difficulties and paradoxes. Since the absence of an adult protection prevails over their “foreignness”, they receive temporary legal protection and social services in France. However, at 18 years old, they can be deported back to the chaotic environment that they fled, often at the risk of their lives. They are also exposed to extremely discordant attitudes among the professionals who deal with them (due to the conflicts between immigration policy and child protection laws). The Pr. Moro team has built multidisciplinary interventions strategies, based on a complementary method resorting to both psychoanalysis and anthropology, in order to respond to the needs observed in recent years, related to different populations. In this article, we focus on the adaptation of the transcultural setting care to the unaccompanied minors. We propose to describe the creation of an original transcultural setting, adapted from the results of an action research and its impact on those teenagers as they age 18. Materials and methodsThis study used a qualitative method that mixed narrative and transcultural approaches. We conducted 47 interviews with 17 different young people and their social worker (2 to 3 interviews per dyad one month apart). The process involved three meetings led by two transcultural careers in the presence of the referring social worker and an interpreter-mediator. We relied on three tools to facilitate the narrative process: objects, the circle test, and cultural mediators. The circle test allows the subjects to represent their perceptions of the past, present and future, as well as the potential correlations between them. The teen is asked to bring three objects or thoughts (for example, music, image, souvenir/memory, sentence…). The three objects shall be associated with the adolescents’ past, present, and future and are required to illustrate some aspects of their inner life, chosen randomly by context, mood, and the investment of the social worker. Interviews were processed using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) and analyzed in line with a complementary transcultural approach. ResultsThree main themes were identified: reduce the risk of social isolation, psychotraumatism and precariousness, regressive positions and accountability. The effective sub-themes for an action modifying the relationship between the young person and the educator are highlighted: need to get rid of a sense of helplessness; highlight the minor's ability to connect and not being afraid belonging to a group; give meaning to the journey, such as a rite of passage; assume a maternal position for the educator, etc. ConclusionsThis original transcultural setting effectively transmits transcultural skills in three meetings to the professionals accompanying these young people. It is also a relevant framework to re-activate the construction process of identity of these young people, at the delicate period of passage of 18 years. It promotes the emergence of cultural representations and it takes into account pre-migration, migration, and post-migration experiences.

Improving thermal and mechanical properties of light weight aggregate concrete using inorganic phase changing material, expanded clay aggregate, alccofine1203 and manufacturing sand

The present work focuses on enhancing the thermal properties of Light Weight Aggregate Concrete (ECAC) using Expanded Clay Aggregate (ECA) as a carrier for inorganic Phase Change Material (PCM) (Hydrated salt-24 (HS24) with melting point 24 °C) for M30 grade concrete. As PCM incorporation in concrete reduces mechanical properties which can be improve by addition of alccofine1203 which is ultrafine slag developed by Ambuja cement Pvt. Ltd and manufactured in India. Alccofine1203 was used as a partial replacement (10% and 20%) of cement, and Manufacturing sand (M-sand) was completely replaced with fine aggregate. ECA was immersed in liquid PCM at 3 different temperatures (40 °C, 50 °C and 60 °C) for 24 h, to determine the maximum absorption capacity of ECA, and these arregates were patially replaced (10% and 20%) with coarse aggregate. After immersion process now, these aggregates are again immersed in cement slurry for next 2hrs to avoid leakage of PCM from ECA. Leakage of PCM-ECA aggregates was carried using diffusion oozoning circle test. When coating of cement slury was applied on PCM-ECA material, leakage was reduced by 40% for all the mixes.Total 7 mixes were prepared with 175 specimens including reference mix. Different tests were conducted to evaluate its mechanical, thermal, durability and leakage properties of ECAC. As the percentage of PCM-ECA was increased from 10 to 20% its compressive and flexural strength decreased but when the same amount of PCM-ECA was incorporated with combination of alccofine1203 (10% and 20%), strength was increased by 11%. Thermal conductivity for 20% PCM-ECA gave the lowest value of all the mixes, and the percentage decrease was 28.31%. All the mix had low or moderate value for its rapid chloride permeability test (Durability test) which is a good sign of indication. In the leakage test, when 20% PCM-ECA was incorporated, 4% Leakage was observed when without coating PCM-ECA was incorporated, but it was reduced to 1.5% when cement slurry coating was applied on it.