Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems Research Articles

Exploring the factors and outcomes of collaborative information monitoring: Findings of a cross‐case analysis

AbstractCollaborative information monitoring (CIM) involves intentional information monitoring activities pursued by a group and could help researchers keep up to date. This paper reports findings of a cross‐case analysis aimed to explore the perceived factors and outcomes of CIM. Seven cases were included in the study, representing 11 members of patient‐oriented research communities (i.e., researchers, trainees, clinicians, research professionals, managers), who have implemented projects in a dedicated CIM system called eSRAP. Data were collected with semistructured interviews, verified with system logs and CIM project documents. Data were analyzed using a deductive/inductive thematic analysis. Cross‐case analysis revealed four types of cases, those that engaged in CIM with eSRAP, without eSRAP, used eSRAP individually (i.e., did not collaborate), or did not collaborate and did not use eSRAP. Analysis confirmed theory‐based types of factors (personal, group, organizational, environmental, information sources, system, task) and outcomes (performance, behavioral, cognitive, affective, relational) and generated new subtypes. The factor specific to cases that engaged in CIM (with or without eSRAP) was group leadership. Specific outcomes were motivation and discussion. Our findings contribute to conceptualizing CIM and can inform practice by providing actionable recommendations for supporting and sustaining CIM projects.

Environmental safety monitoring management of territories using modern technologies

Modern scientific and technological development is connected with the development and integration of modern monitoring technologies and computer integrated manufacturing systems (CIM) into management processes. Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) is an approach to management in various areas of production and activity, where computers and automated systems play a central role in all aspects of safety monitoring, including environmental safety of territories. Considered modern technologies and CIM provide an opportunity to integrate the management of all stages of environmental monitoring into one process, ensuring their rational functioning in one system. Importance and prospects of integration of modern monitoring technologies into automated systems of environmental safety management through the use of computer integrated manufacturing systems (CIM) contribute to creation of sustainability of development of territories in accordance with modern requirements of environmental safety. Transition to management of monitoring of environmental safety of territories with the help of modern observation means and computer integrated manufacturing systems (CIM) reduces the terms of realization of monitoring stages, automation of control that provides positive economic effect. A promising direction in the field of informatization of processes of observation of environmental safety and monitoring of its changes is the creation of new opportunities of modern observation technologies and computer integrated manufacturing systems (CIM) allowing to increase the functionality and their automation, including with the change and expansion of tools, observation, their spatial configuration in the real mode of modeling changes in the environmental situation.

Literature Review: Application of Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) to Increase Operational Effectiveness and Company Productivity

Computer Integrated Manufacturing(CIM) is a manufacturing method and the name of an automated computer system by which the individual engineering, production, marketing, and support functions of a manufacturing company are organized. In a CIM system, functional areas such as design, analysis, planning, purchasing, cost accounting, inventory control, and distribution are linked via computers providing direct control and monitoring of all process operations. This study aims to analyze and review the literature on Computer Integrated Manufacturing in previous research through references to international journal articles by considering the discussion of the application of CIM in a manufacturing industry case for production efficiency and company operations with article sampling parameters such as being indexed in Scopus Q3.

Straightforward data transfer in a blockwise dataflow for an analog RRAM-based CIM system

Straightforward data transfer in a blockwise dataflow for an analog RRAM-based CIM system

Hardware-aware Quantization/Mapping Strategies for Compute-in-Memory Accelerators

The emerging non-volatile memory (eNVM) based mixed-signal Compute-in-Memory (CIM) accelerators are of great interest in today's AI accelerators design due to their high energy efficiency. Various CIM architectures and circuit-level designs have been proposed, showing superior hardware performance for deep neural network (DNN) acceleration. However, hardware-aware quantization strategies for CIM-based accelerators are not systematically explored. Since there are a variety of design options for neural network mapping on CIM systems while improper strategies may narrow the circuit-level design space and further limit the hardware performance, it is important to make a comprehensive early-stage design space exploration and find appropriate quantization/mapping strategies to achieve better hardware performance. In this paper, we provide a joint algorithm-hardware analysis and compare the system-level hardware performance for various design options, including quantization algorithms, data representation methods and analog-to-digital converter (ADC) configurations. This work aims to propose guidelines for choosing more hardware-friendly design options for chip architects. According to our evaluation results for CIFAR-10/100 and ImageNet classification, the properly chosen quantization approach and optimal mapping strategy (dynamic fixed-point quantization + 2’s complement representation/shifted unsigned INT representation + optimized precision ADC) could achieve ∼2 × energy efficiency and 1.2 ∼ 1.6 × throughput with 5%∼25% reduced area overhead, compared to naïve strategy (fixed-point quantization + differential pair number representation + full precision ADC).

Study of industrial interactive design system based on virtual reality teaching technology in industrial robot

Abstract Across numerous disciplines, virtual reality (VR) had been used to aid decision-making in training, design, and evaluation processes. Both the educational and industrial groups have contributed to a vast knowledge based on a variety of VR topics during the last two decades. VR has been expanded to industry in recent years, but the majority of its applications do not involve industrial robots. To study the application of VR technology in industrial design, it is better to combine the design activities with computer-integrated manufacturing system and bring new opportunities for the innovation of industrial design. Therefore, in this article, an application of industrial interactive design system based on VR technology in the education domain is explored. First, the function and scheme design of industrial robot assembly and adjustment system are designed, and the model is established. Finally, SolidWorks and 3DsMAX are selected as three-dimensional model development tools. Unity 3D is used as the VR development engine; HTC VIVE is used as VR equipment. The study shows that the design of the machine motion instruction interpreter is effective, and the specific steps of the system to realize real-time control are also given. The feasibility of the system is verified through the analysis of typical applications of industrial robots.

Investigations into pesticide charge site isomers using conventional IM and cIM systems

A growing number of pesticides are being used around the world necessitating strict regulatory policies to guarantee consumer safety. Liquid Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) is a highly sensitive method for pesticide screening, which provides retention time, mass/charge ratios and the relative abundances of characteristic product ions. Variability in the latter necessitates relatively large tolerances (±30%, SANCO/12682/2019, current EU regulation). One cause of this variability may stem from the presence of different charge-site isomers (charge carrier being a proton, sodium cation, potassium cation and alike); each yielding a set of different product ions, of which the relative ratios are influenced by solution and ion source conditions. Consequently, varying relative abundances may be observed for analyte ions produced from calibration standards, chemical residues in food matrices and across different instruments. Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS) is a fast, gas phase separation technique which can resolve charge-site isomers based on differences in their collisional cross sections (CCSs). We previously used the IM device embedded in LC-IM-MS geometry to generate a pesticide CCS database and subsequently focussed upon identification of pesticides which form charge-site isomers. Latterly, we applied this approach to screen food commodities for pesticide residues. In some instances, isomer separation was clear, however sometimes broad, unresolved distributions were observed. Using a high-resolution cyclic IM device (cIM) we resolved and determined CCS values of species of indoxacarb, spinosad, fenpyroximate, epoxiconazole, metaflumizone and avermectin. Furthermore, utilising novel cIM functionalities (tandem-IM) we discovered that two spinosyn sodimers can interconvert in the gas phase.

Transient analysis of a single server queueing system with infinite buffer

As a typical single server queueing system, computer integrated manufacturing system (CIMS) has been widely used in the field of intelligent manufacturing. However, how to derive its instantaneous index is still an important issue. This paper investigates the transient behavior of the CIMS with spectral method. By constructing an asymptotic system and analyzing the spectral distribution, we derive the explicit transient solution of the asymptotic system. Trotter–Kato theorem is used to prove that the transient solution of the CIMS is just the limitation of explicit transient solution of the asymptotic system. At the end of the paper, numerical examples are shown to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approximation.

Editorial: The Innovation and Project Management Department in the Journal of Operations Management

Editorial: The Innovation and Project Management Department in the <i>Journal of Operations Management</i>

Ubiquitous computing: a learning system solution in the era of industry 4.0

Ubiquitous computing, which was initially advocated by Mark Weiser has become one of the keywords to express a vision of the near future of computing systems. The world is a ubiquitous computing environment with integrated networks; computer integrated manufacturing system (CIMS) and invisible computers which equipped sensor microchips and radio frequency identification systems. Anyone can access the ubiquitous computing systems anytime and anywhere broader, without individual awareness or skills. Ubiquitous computing is becoming crucial elements to organize the activities of groups of people by use of groupware under workforce mobility. The computer-supported cooperative work is transforming from telework to ubiquitous work with new information and communication technologies that support people working cooperatively. Ubiquitous learning is a demand for the knowledge workforce for more multi-skilled professionals. It is a new and emerging education and training system that integrating e-learning of cyberspace and mobile learning of physical space with a global repository that has the potential to be accessed by anyone at any place and anytime under ubiquitous integrated computing environment. In this paper, we discuss the study of emerging trends through the implementation of work and learning that influenced ubiquitous computing technology prospects. Furthermore, the perspective of ubiquitous work and learning system, gaining quality, and hence credibility with emerging information and communication technologies in education and training systems in the area of the education system are discussed. The experimental results showed that CIMS could improve the students learned more efficiently and achieved better learning performance.

Using IoT technology for computer-integrated manufacturing systems in the semiconductor industry

The evolution of semiconductor manufacturing between lot and equipment has an increasingly complex relationship in the track-in/track-out process mechanism. Failure of reading or updating barcodes may cause some lots to scrap with mis-operation. In this paper, it proposed an Internet of Things (IoT) based Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) system used in Feature Advantage Benefit (FAB), that semiconductor company used Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) into 300-mm (FAB), and according to the information provided by the semiconductor company MTB (Manufacturing Technical Board). This solution to change the operation process flow to fit the CIM system characteristics of Fab in Manufacturing Execution System (MES). It also use IoT design strategy and the system architecture of this new IoT solution. The result of this research is to incorporate deep learning method in the IoT system into the current CIM system to reveal the benefits in FAB. It estimate to save about US$ 2.8M by adopting IoT RFID instead of tagging to identify a work in process lot in the initiation phase. The company can gain greater asset visibility, reduce the costs of man-power requirements and connect with the worldwide trend.

A design knowledge management model for civil aircraft cabin based on Markov Logic Networks

ABSTRACT Traditional civil aircraft manufacturing enterprises are experiencing transformation from providing products to providing the civil aircraft services based on the entire life cycle. In the process of transformation and upgrading, a well-developed knowledge management system is crucial to support the rapid and agile development of enterprises, fast delivery of orders and increase in brand awareness. However, in the research area of civil aircraft design knowledge management and related computer integrated manufacturing systems, there is a lack of investigation into knowledge modelling, management frameworks and methods of civil aircraft product design, which are vital in modern digitised manufacturing systems. Therefore, this research puts forward a design knowledge management (DKM) model for civil aircraft cabin, which is based on the analysis of design knowledge flow patterns among users, decision makers, designers and engineers. The authors have established the mapping model between historical design cases and new civil aircraft cabin design, and have built a Markov Logic Networks based design knowledge management framework which integrated time series into DKM systems to increase the accuracy and availability of knowledge matching. Finally, the specific application of the Markov Logic Networks-based knowledge management software platform is proposed.

HUMAN ERROR REDUCTION PROGRAM THROUGH CANONICAL ACTION RESEARCH (CAR) IN WAFER FABRICATION MANUFACTURING FACILITY

In a wafer fabrication manufacturing facility, thousands of wafers are being processed daily. To manufacture the product, the wafers need to go thru hundreds of steps according to the technologies required. The cycle time to complete a standard product ranges from few weeks to few months, depends on the complexity of the technologies. Due to the difficulty and the complexity of the product, Computer Integrated Manufacturing system (CIM), is widely used as a manufacturing platform. As such, all the processes, equipment and wafers are fully integrated. Nevertheless, not all processes could be processed automatically. In the situation of the halfway processes wafer due to equipment or facility interruption, the wafer, need to be processed manually. Engineers or technicians will manually process the affected wafer according to the specification. The problem arises when; there is a human involvement that ends up with wafers misprocess. The potential revenue lost due to wafer misprocess is vast. Hence, this paper aims to discuss issues related to human error in manufacturing, specifically in Wafer Fabrication Manufacturing Facility. The paper presents partial input for the Canonical Action Research (CAR) that presently being exercised in order to minimize human error by developing a Small Group Activities (SGA) in the manufacturing facility.

Ergonomics-based working flexibility for automated guided vehicle (AGV) operators

This research work focuses on the human working flexibility in a computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) environment. For experimental investigations, younger male operators from age group 19–24 years were interfaced with a component of CIM, the automated guided vehicle (AGV). A novel concept of load cell–based human performance recording system is introduced through this work. This is an almost first study in the field of CIM system interface utilizing the integration of load cell with LabVIEW program to determine cognition and motor actions based human performances. The concerned measurement system designed through this research can be utilized in other areas of control panel systems and also for recording and monitoring of human beings with symptoms of Alzheimer disease. For the purpose of investigations, search, select, and motor action times and the applied force were selected as parameters to determine human performance in AGV system environment. For operator performance data gathering, a full-factorial design containing 27 (33) experiments was applied. The Gray relational analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the gathered data. Design-Expert software was used to conduct ANOVA. Also, the experimental investigations were validated through a confirmation test. This work generates the ergonomic database for working flexibility in CIM and explored that the younger male operator’s (19–24 years) performance significantly affected with varying AGV height, an operator working distance and AGV panel angle.

Computer-Integrated Manufacturing System for Membrane Structures

A membrane structure is a space structure composed of a membrane material (fabric or film), cables, and steel frames, among others. It reduces the environmental load for transporting materials and constructions; for instance, compared with conventional roofs that have steel panels or tiles, the membrane structure of a roof is lightweight. Computer analysis and three-dimensional (3D) models are required for determining the stable shape of such tensile structures. It is useful to use computer-integrated systems for the design and manufacturing process because these 3D models consist of numerical data. In this study, we developed a system program based on artificial intelligence methods, with a support vector machine instead of human judgment for the membrane structure estimation and for a probabilistic optimization to predict the differences caused by production loss etc. and compare the results after actual production. And we got close predicted results to the person.

An architectural view to computer integrated manufacturing systems based on Axiomatic Design Theory

The emergence of the globalization paradigm in manufacturing industry has changed the markets’ circumstances, and accordingly manufacturing systems need to be compatibilized with these situations. There are many solutions to assist manufacturing systems for this purpose. Computerized systems and their related solutions were being the most attractive ones for manufacturing systems in recent decade. Developing such systems and exploiting from the advantages of such solutions requires a consistent foundation. Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) emerged as a philosophy to provide such foundation, and to assist the computerized manufacturing solutions. Despite of the high potentials of the CIM philosophy, the related works lack in many aspects. The absence of a thorough look to exploit the high potentials of the CIM philosophy to consider different aspects of the manufacturing systems, and the complexity which exists in the nature of the designing of such systems are the major concerns. These concerns lead us to afford them fundamentally with an architectural view. The architectural view of the paper is because of architectures are the basis for designing and future development of the systems, and synthesizing solutions that satisfy the system requirements. Accordingly, the architecture of the system is considered as a basis for creating desired changes and resolving the mentioned concerns. Therefore, the paper proposes a layered architecture which covers five critical aspects of a CIM system. Physical, Functional, Managerial, Informational, and Control aspects are the five critical aspects which are assigned to five layers of the architecture. The manipulated architecture assists manufacturing systems to audit their Physical, Functional, Managerial, Informational, and Control aspects based on a proposed set of ISO standards in order to compatibilize and align themselves with the necessities of the globalized manufacturing industry. The layered architecture expected to be well-structured and to resolve the concerns. The expectations have been investigated through a promising tool for designing and analyzing complex systems, known as Axiomatic Design (AD) Theory. The AD-based design and analysis are according to two axioms, known as Independence Axiom and Information Axiom. Moreover, the AD Theory approaches have been used to reach a set of standard guidelines for exploring and achieving realization operands for the architecture. By analyzing the results with the AD Theory axioms, appropriateness of the design has been approved. Finally, a roadmap for future works is delineated.

Computer-integrated shaving processing for spiroid face gear on a five-axis CNC machine

To improve the tooth surface finish of spiroid face gear manufactured by die-casting process, a computer-integrated shaving processing of the gear on a five-axis computer numerical control (CNC) machine was developed. Using differential geometry and gear meshing theory, the tooth surface of spiroid face gear generated by shaving processing was deduced. Based on the analyzation of the kinematic relationship between the shaving cutter and the gear, a universal CNC machine model with five degrees of freedom was established, and motion parameters of each movement axis were investigated. The shaving processing for the spiroid face gear and the NC machining program presented in the paper were verified through the simulation process based on the VERICUT software. The shaving machining experiments were conducted on the CNC machine by using the designed shaving cutter, and the tooth surface roughness of the spiroid face gear before and after shaving processing were measured. This work is of great significance for the realization of a computer-integrated manufacturing system, including computer design, simulation machining, and NC manufacturing for the spiroid face gear.

Manufacturing Data Analysis in Internet of Things/Internet of Data (IoT/IoD) Scenario

ABSTRACTComputer integrated manufacturing (CIM) has enormous benefits as it increases the rate of production, reduces errors and production waste, and streamlines manufacturing sub-systems. However, there are some new challenges related to CIM operating in the Internet of Things/Internet of Data (IoT/IoD) scenarios associated with Industry 4.0 and cyber-physical systems. The main challenge is to deal with the massive volume of data flowing between various CIM components functioning in virtual settings of IoT. This paper proposes decisional DNA-based knowledge representation framework to manage the storage, analysis, and processing of data, information, and knowledge of a typical CIM. The framework utilizes the concept of virtual engineering object and virtual engineering process for developing knowledge models of various CIM components such as automatic storage and retrieval systems, automatic guided vehicles, robots, and numerically controlled machines. The proposed model is capable of capturing in real time the manufacturing data, information and knowledge at every stage of production, that is, at the object level, the process level, and at the factory level. The significance of this study is that it will support decision-making by reusing the experience, which will not only help in effective real-time data monitoring and processing, but also make CIM system intelligent and ready to function in the virtual Industry 4.0 environment.

Application of a Capacitive Method for Technical and Economic Analysis for Process Optimization in Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) Systems

Application of a Capacitive Method for Technical and Economic Analysis for Process Optimization in Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) Systems

Industrialized Construction Chronology: The Disputes and Success Factors for a Resilient Construction Industry in Malaysia

Background:The construction industry needs to be resilient in Malaysian economy because it contributes significantly to its socio-economy, gross domestic production, and positive employment ratios.Objective:This study is a chronological review of the fundamental issues related to the industrialization of construction in Malaysia. It covers different aspects of industrialized building systems (IBSs), which have the potential to promote productivity resiliency by stakeholders in Malaysian construction industry.Method:Furthermore, this study examines the fundamental issues related to current terminologies and the numerous classifications of industrialized construction. It also examines related works that support potential critical success factors and the current disputes affecting the adoption of industrialized construction in Malaysia.Discussion and Conclusion:This study redefines an IBS as a computer-integrated design, manufacturing, and construction system, using the concept of off-site or on-site prefabricated mass-production techniques within a controlled environment. Furthermore, the system uses proper coordination and planning to transport, position, and install building components with minimal in-situ work. With the success of modern methods of construction, IBS is expected to transform construction industry practices through the application of manufacturing and mechanization concepts. The study concludes by recommending incorporation of computer-aided learning technology at all workforces’ training levels when learning IBS applications. It is expected that this will improve performance in terms of construction quality, waste reduction, occupational safety, cost effectiveness, and productivity.