Chlorpheniramine In Plasma Research Articles

High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Assay for Basic Amine Drugs in Plasma and Urine Using a Silica Gel Column and an Aqueous Mobile Phase. II. Chlorpheniramine

Abstract A high performance liquid chromatographic [HPLC] method that involves the use of a silica gel column and an aqueous mobile phase for quantitation of chlorpheniramine in plasma and urine is presented. Alkalinized samples are cleaned by extraction with pentane [containing 1% CH3CN], and the extraction is followed by evaporating the solvent and reconstituting the residue in a small amount of mobile phase. An aliquot of this solution is analyzed by an HPLC system with an Ultrasphere Si Column, an aqueous mobile phase at pH 7 containing 60% CH3CN and 7.5 mM [NH4]2HPO4, and UV detection at 200 nm. Although the average recovery of extraction is 58% ± SD 10%, the detection limit for the method is 0.7 ng/ml in plasma and 100 ng/ml in urine [s/n = 3] for 0.5 ml samples. The coefficients of variation [CV] on the results of samples run to measure interday and intraday precision and the bias on control samples were all 10% or less. We have used the method in a bioavailability study of a controlled release formulation involving over 1000 samples.

High-performance liquid chromatographic assay of basic amine drugs in plasma and urine using a silica gel column and an aqueous mobile phase : I. Amiloride

A high performance liquid chromatographic [HPLC] method that involves the use of a silica gel column and an aqueous mobile phase for quantitation of chlorpheniramine in plasma and urine is presente...

Subnanogram Quantitation of Chlorpheniramine in Plasma by a New Radioimmunoassay and Comparison With a Liquid Chromatographic Method

A new radioimmunoassay (RIA) procedure for the quantitation of chlorpheniramine in plasma is described. The assay allows the determination of chlorpheniramine levels up to 96h after oral administration of a single 4-mg tablet to healthy volunteers. This procedure was sensitive to a 156-pg/mL plasma concentration when a 100-μL plasma sample was used. The mean coefficient of variation over the linear range of the assay from 0.156 to 20 ng/ml. was 3.79%. The specificity of the assay was investigated, and the antisera showed 7% cross-reactivity with the N,N-didemethyl analogue and 17% cross-reactivity with the N-demethyl analogue. This high degree of specificity was also evident from the findings that the plasma concentrations determined by this newly described RIA procedure in samples of two healthy male volunteers who were administered 4mg of chlorpheniramine maleate orally gave a strong correlation (r2 = 0.88) with values obtained by an HPLC-UV procedure. The antiserum cross-reacted 100% with brompheniramine and, thus, can be used for its analysis in plasma. The described RIA procedure is precise, simple, and capable of handling a large number of plasma samples with a minimal turnaround time.

Chlorpheniramine : I. Rapid quantitative analysis of chlorpheniramine in plasma, saliva and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography

A method was developed for the rapid quantitative analysis of chlorpheniramine in plasma, saliva and urine using high-performance liquid chromatography. A diethyl ether or hexane extract of the alkalinized biological samples was extracted with dilute acid which was chromatographed on a reversed-phase column using mixtures of acetonitrile and ammonium phosphate buffer as the mobile phase. Ultraviolet absorption at 254 nm was monitored for the detection and brompheniramine was employed as the internal standard for the quantitation. The effects of buffer, pH, and acetonitrile concentration in the mobile phase on the chromatographic separation were investigated. A mobile phase 20% acetonitrile in 0.0075 M phosphate buffer at a flow-rate of 2 ml/min was used for the assays of plasma and saliva samples. A similar mobile phase was used for urine samples. The drug and internal standard were eluted at retention volumes of less than 17 ml. The method can also be used to quantify two metabolites, didesmethyl- and desmethylchlorpheniramine, in the urine. The method can accurately measure chlorpheniramine levels down to 2 ng/ml in plasma or saliva using 1 ml of sample, and should be adequate for biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic studies. Various precautions for using the assay are discussed.

Trace Determination of Chlorpheniramine in Plasma by GLC Using a Nitrogen-Phosphorous (N-P) Detector

A fast, sensitive and specific method for the determination of chlorpheniramine in plasma is described. The drug was extracted with diethylether, back extracted in hydrochloric acid and reextracted in diethylether. The extract was evaporated to dryness and reconstituted in isopropyl alcohol. The isopropyl alcoholic solution was gas chromatographed without any derivatization and the detection was carried out using a nitrogen sensitive detector. The mean recovery of chlorpheniramine was found to be 96% and a drug level as low as 0.5 ng/ml can be accurately measured.

Determination of nanogram amounts of aromatic compounds by spectrophotometry on thin-layer chromatograms

A highly sensitive method is described for the simultaneous determination of codeine and chlorpheniramine in plasma. Thin-layer chromatography is used for the separation of the drugs. The spots are then rendered visible by nitration of the substances on the thin-layer plate. Codeine can be quantified by direct measurement of the resulting fluorescence. After reduction, the aromatic amines are diazotized and coupled with N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine on the thin-layer plate. For codeine the fluorimetric measurement is more reliable than the colorimetric determination. The sensitivity limits are 8 ng/ml of plasma for codeine phosphate and 1–2 ng/ml of plasma for chlorpheniramine maleate. This procedure is also applicable to other aromatic compounds which can be nitrated by the described method. The method has been applied to compare a determination of the plasma levels of codeine and chlorpheniramine after administration in normal capsules and retard tablets.