An enantioselective oxa-Piancatelli reaction was established for the first time using a chiral vanadium(v) catalyst. The dual Brønsted and Lewis acid properties of the vanadium catalyst afforded 4-hydroxycyclopent-2-enone derivatives in up to 90% yields and with 93 : 7 enantiomeric ratios, as well as >20 : 1 diastereomeric ratios.
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