Chinese Youth Research Articles

Short videos, big impact: How Chinese youth perceive and engage with news on short video platforms

In the contemporary media landscape in China, short video platforms (SVP) have emerged as significant news sources, especially among young audiences. Anchored in an understanding of news literacy as situated knowledge, this study investigates how Chinese youth (aged 13–18) perceive and engage with news content on these platforms. Based on qualitative interviews with 30 middle and high school students across five provinces in China, we found that 1) participants wanted short video news to be objective and straightforward, and felt that the affordances of short video platforms detract from these values; 2) they reported using news literacy skills when consuming short video news, but the strategies they shared were problematic; and 3) they were reluctant to engage with news content online and preferred to discuss it offline with people they trust. This study sheds light on the complex and often contradictory news consumption engagement and practices among Chinese youth on SVPs.

Adipokine/hepatokines profiling of fatty liver in adolescents and young adults: cross-sectional and prospective analyses of the BCAMS study.

The underlying connections between obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are not fully understood. One potential link might be the imbalanced adipokines and hepatokines. We aimed to explore the associations between specific adipokines/hepatokines and NAFLD in Chinese youth and to determine how these biomarkers mediate the obesity-NAFLD relationship. We analyzed data from the 10-year follow-up visit of the Beijing Children and Adolescents Metabolic Syndrome (BCAMS) study (n = 509; mean age = 20.2years) for a comprehensive metabolic risk assessment, including liver ultrasound and plasma measurements of adiponectin, leptin, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), and angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8). Longitudinal analysis was performed on a subgroup (n = 307), with complete baseline (mean age = 12.2years) and follow-up data. Mediation models assessed how obesity at baseline and follow-up influence NAFLD through these biomarkers. Participants with NAFLD exhibited a high prevalence of central obesity (90.9%). Both cross-sectional and prospective analyses identified increased RBP4, FGF21, leptin, and decreased adiponectin levels as significant predictors of NAFLD. More adipokine/hepatokine abnormalities were linked to higher NAFLD risk. Furthermore, ratios reflecting adipokine/hepatokine imbalances, including leptin/adiponectin, FGF21/adiponectin, and RBP4/adiponectin, demonstrated stepwise changes correlating with NAFLD severity (all p < 0.05). Mediation analysis indicated that these four adipokines/hepatokines accounted for approximately 72.4% of the central obesity-NAFLD relationship and 80.1% in the subgroup analysis using baseline childhood data. Dysregulated adipokines/hepatokines may explain the onset or progression of obesity-related NAFLD in youths. Higher RBP4, FGF21 and leptin, alongside lower adiponectin, could serve as early biomarkers for NAFLD.

Parental attachment and mental health in Chinese early adolescents: The mediation role of narcissism

The generalization of multiple attachment models in Chinese youth is still unknown, and the specific effect of combined parental attachment on the mental health of early Chinese adolescents and the mechanism behind it remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to empirically investigate the effect of parental attachment on early Chinese adolescents’ mental health, to examine which multiple attachment model could best explain this impact, and to explore the mediating effect of narcissism between them. A sample of 834 early adolescents was recruited to complete standard questionnaires. Regression analyses, MANOVA, and mediation analysis were performed. We found (1) the effects of parental attachment on the mental health of early Chinese adolescents were generally consistent with the integrative model of multiple attachment; (2) a linear relationship was observed between combined parental attachment and anxiety/depression, while a curvilinear relationship was observed between combined parental attachment and life satisfaction; (3) combined parental attachment could affect mental health through vulnerable narcissism instead of grandiose narcissism. The current study offered one of the first evidence for the association between parental attachments and early adolescents’ mental health within a multiple attachment framework in China and provided valuable insight into the role of narcissism between them, as well as contributing to the literature by suggesting that the integrative model could be better refined by considering the characteristics of the indicators.

Navigating (Eco) Homogenization: Emerging Socio-Cultural Trends and Digital Influences Among Chinese Youth in Ecotourism

Navigating (Eco) Homogenization: Emerging Socio-Cultural Trends and Digital Influences Among Chinese Youth in Ecotourism

The role of involution on Chinese youth pursuit of postgraduate education abroad: examine through the lens of normative social behaviour

ABSTRACT Involution has gained significant traction in China in recent years, particularly in the realms of education and employment. With the economic slowdown, more individuals opt for postgraduate studies to enhance their skills and remain competitive. The keen competition in China has prompted some to pursue further studies abroad, while others leverage academic qualifications obtained from prestigious overseas universities to engage in job involution upon returning home. This phenomenon has been examined by a qualitative research, employing the Theory of Normative Social Behaviour (TNSB) as a lens for analysis. Through the TNSB, the study explores how involution functions as a social norm, influencing the pursuit of postgraduate education abroad among young individuals as a normative social behaviour. The research involved in-depth interviews with 15 mainland Chinese postgraduate students, focusing on three key norms. Descriptive norms shed light on the influence of peers and family members on students’ decisions regarding further education. Injunctive norms reveal how young individuals’ perceptions of external rewards and intrinsic benefits impact their pursuit of postgraduate studies. Collective norms explore the societal influences that shape their choices. Based on the findings, suggestions have been put forward to utilize involution as a driving force for healthy societal progression.

Why Are Young People Willing to Pay for Health? Chained Mediation Effect of Negative Emotions and Information Seeking on Health Risk Perception and Health Consumption Behavior.

The perception of health risks can influence people's health behaviors. However, in the context of modern consumer society, few people delve into in-depth discussions on health consumption as a form of health protection behavior. Inspired by the Health Belief Model and Protection Motivation Theory, this study interprets health consumption behavior as a new form of health protection behavior. A survey was conducted on a sample of Chinese youth (N = 885) to explore the mechanisms of action between health risk perception and health consumption behavior using structural equation modeling. The study found that: (1) health risk perception has a significant positive impact on the health consumption behavior of young people; (2) negative emotions and information seeking play mediating roles respectively in the mechanism of the impact of health risk perception on health consumption behavior; and (3) in addition to their individual mediating roles, negative emotions and information seeking behavior collectively play a chained mediation role in this process. Implications of these results, both theoretical and practical, are further discussed.

Weight-Specific Grip Strength as a Novel Indicator Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk in Children: The EMSNGS Study.

Handgrip strength (HGS) is an important indicator of sarcopenia and adverse health outcomes. However, evaluating HGS in children presents challenges, and its association with metabolism remains incompletely understood. To establish grip strength reference values for Chinese children and adolescents, as well as to evaluate the relationship between HGS and cardiometabolic risk. Data were collected from 4 072 participants aged 6-18 as part of the Evaluation and Monitoring on School-based Nutrition and Growth in Shenzhen (EMSNGS) study. HGS was measured, and relative HGS (RHGS) was normalized by body mass index. Age- or weight-specific HGS and RHGS were derived using the generalized additive model of location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS) model, and participants' values were categorized into quartiles, defining low strength as the lowest quartile. The cardiometabolic risk index (CMRI) z-score was calculated, with high risk defined as a z-score of ≥ 1. Both boys and girls exhibited similar increases in age- and weight-specific grip strength. Low grip strength, classified by weight-specific HGS and RHGS, was linked to higher CMRI z-scores compared to classifications based on age-specific references in both sexes. A dose-dependent relationship was observed between weight-specific grip strength and cardiometabolic risk, particularly in boys. Compared to the middle category (P25th-P75th), the odds ratios for high cardiometabolic risks associated with low grip strength increased in both sexes. This study established grip strength reference values for Chinese youth, introduced the concept of weight-specific HGS and RHGS, and demonstrated a dose-dependent relationship between weight-specific grip strength and cardiometabolic risk. These findings highlighted the association between low muscle strength and increased cardiometabolic risk.

Machine learning-enabled mental health risk prediction for youths with stressful life events: A modelling study

BackgroundYouths face significant mental health challenges exacerbated by stressful life events, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Immature coping strategies can worsen mental health outcomes. MethodsThis study utilised a two-wave cross-sectional survey design with data collected from Chinese youth aged 14–25 years. Wave 1 (N = 3038) and Wave 2 (N = 539) datasets were used for model development and external validation, respectively. Twenty-five features, encompassing dimensions related to demographic information, stressful life events, social support, coping strategies, and emotional intelligence, were input into the model to predict the mental health status of youth, which was considered their coping outcome. Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) was used to determine the importance of each risk factor in the feature selection. The intersection of top 10 features identified by random forest and XGBoost were considered the most influential predictors of mental health during the feature selection process, and was then taken as the final set of features for model development. Machine learning models, including logistic regression, AdaBoost, and a backpropagation neural network (BPNN), were trained to predict the outcomes. The optimum model was selected according to the performance in both internal and external validation. ResultsThis study identified six key features that were significantly associated with mental health outcomes: punishment, adaptation issues, self-regulation of emotions, learning pressure, use of social support, and recognition of others' emotions. The BPNN model, optimized through feature selection methods like SHAP, demonstrated superior performance in internal validation (C-index [95 % CI] = 0.9120 [0.9111, 0.9129], F-score [95 % CI] = 0.8861 [0.8853, 0.8869]). Additionally, external validation showed the model had strong discrimination (C-index = 0.9749, F-score = 0.8442) and calibration (Brier score = 0.029) capabilities. LimitationsAlthough the clinical prediction model performed well, the study it still limited by self-reported data and representativeness of samples. Causal relationships need to be established to interpret the coping mechanism from multiple perspectives. Also, the limited data on minority groups may lead to algorithmic unfairness. ConclusionsMachine learning models effectively identified and predicted mental health outcomes among youths, with the SHAP+BPNN model showing promising clinical applicability. These findings emphasise the importance and effectiveness of targeted interventions with the help of clinical prediction model.

The Influence of English Language Exposure on Language Attitudes and Identity among Chinese Youth

This research aims to examine the influence of exposure to the English language on the linguistic attitudes and identity of Chinese students. The analysis examines the characteristics of respondents according to their gender, academic program, and socio-economic background. It evaluates their level of English exposure via formal education, media consumption, digital communication, literature, social interactions, travel experiences, self-study, and familial influences. Although English exposure is typically considered reasonably beneficial, the research reveals significant disparities depending on gender and socio-economic level. The impact of English exposure on emotional components of language attitudes is moderate, whereas its influence on cognitive, evaluative, social, perceptual, and contextual elements is relatively modest. The research also demonstrates that English exposure substantially impacts students' identity, namely in terms of historical and cultural background, language preference, and regional identification. Furthermore, a modest but favorable association exists between exposure to English and the general sense of self among Chinese students. At the same time, formal schooling and social contacts have a more significant impact. Based on these results, the research proposes customized language programs, immersive experiences, and various learning resources to improve English acquisition and its influence on students' identities.

Examining the Alignment of Ideological Expression with Behavior or Deception: An Experimental Investigation of Chinese Youth&amp;apos;s Political Attitudes Towards America

&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Background&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; In the context of globalization, as one of the most significant bilateral relations in the world, the dynamics of China-US relations exert a considerable influence on the world. Simultaneously, the accelerated advancement of Internet technology has provided a more expansive array of avenues for acquiring information. Through Social media, news websites, and international forums, Chinese youth groups demonstrate a heightened interest in global affairs. However, the divergence between disparate cultural and political systems has resulted in Chinese youth developing nuanced and multifaceted political dispositions when engaging with the United States and other Western nations. It is therefore imperative to study the political attitudes of Chinese youth, particularly to the United States. &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Objectives&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; The concept of political attitude expression refers to the external manifestation of an individual&amp;apos;s ideological position&amp;apos;s usefulness. However, there is a lack of empirical research examining the alignment between an individual&amp;apos;s inner motivation and their expression of political attitudes. Based on the aforementioned information, an experimental study was devised and executed with the aim of discerning political attitudes. The study focused on individuals&amp;apos; external expressions of political attitudes and their intrinsic motivations, specifically in relation to the United States. The objective was to examine whether specific factors could potentially influence the external manifestation of individuals&amp;apos; internal ideologies.&amp;lt;i&amp;gt; Main ideas&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Various factors contribute to the expression of individual ideologies. The ideologies expressed by individuals do not solely reflect their ideological beliefs, but rather arise from a complex interplay of moderating factors influenced by individual rationality regarding economic costs and social circumstances. &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Conclusions&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; (1) The political attitudes of Chinese youth toward the United States in general demonstrate a left-leaning trend, with low favorability toward the U.S. (2) Economic interests exert an influence on ideological expression, and individuals holding a left-leaning ideological position may elect to accept financial incentives and formally demonstrate high favorability toward the U.S., driven by economic interests. (3) Transformations in the social milieu may precipitate a phenomenon whereby individuals are inclined to &amp;quot;follow the crowd,&amp;quot; concealing their authentic political dispositions and eschewing genuine political expression.

Suicide risk with ASD traits or ADHD traits in non-clinical young adults

The impact of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) traits on suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) remains inadequately explored. Hence, the present study aims to delve deeper into these intricate issues, contributing to a better understanding of these complex challenges among Chinese youth. The data of 90,882 participants was collected from 63 Chinese universities and colleges in Jilin, China. We aim to explore the risks of STBs on ASD, ADHD, and co-occurrence of ASD + ADHD by using the Autism Spectrum Quotient-10 items (AQ-10) and Adult ADHD Self Report Scale (ASRS). Propensity score matching (PSM) was implemented to balance demographical variables across the four groups. Binary logistic regression was then conducted to further analyze and compare suicide risk across the four groups, also accounting for sex differences. Suicide risks were significantly higher in the ADHD (OR = 1.24, p < 0.001) and ASD + ADHD(OR = 1.49, p < 0.001) traits group. However, there was no significant difference in suicide risk between the ASD traits group (OR = 1.00, p = 1.00) and the control group. The risk of suicide was significantly higher for females than for males across all four groups (p < 0.001). These results indicate the importance of screening for ASD + ADHD traits in young adults, especially females due to its higher risk of STBs. Further studies are warranted to delve deeper into this issue, emphasizing the necessity of formal diagnostic tests and directing focused attention toward addressing these complexities.

Analysis of the Role and Guidance of Art Management in Music Education in Chinese Primary and Secondary Schools

In recent years, China has demonstrated a growing commitment to the aesthetic education of young people, with primary and secondary schools implementing a range of art activities. This paper, through the methods of literature review and case study, seeks to examine the theories of art management and art education. It analyses the role of aesthetic education in fostering the holistic development of young people and enhancing the vitality of social aesthetics through case studies. The paper discusses the commonality, intersection and complementary between the two disciplines, and considers the specific practical methods and significance of the combination of them. In combination with three case studies, and in the context of music education in Chinese public primary and secondary schools, this study will discuss the role of arts organizations in establishing new paths and methods of education, exploring innovative models of classroom practice, and effectively increasing the popularity of high-level music education. Art organizations and schools fulfil their respective roles and strengths, ranging from teaching and research to practice, and collaborating to enhance the aesthetic literacy and creativity of Chinese youth.

Associations between gut microbiota and osteoporosis or osteopenia in a cohort of Chinese Han youth

Osteoporosis (OP) is a common metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mass and microstructural deterioration of bone. Changes in the composition and structure of gut microbiota (GM) are related to changes of bone mass and bone microstructure. However, the relationship between GM and bone mineral density (BMD) is complex, and data are especially scarce for Chinese Han youth. Therefore, 62 Chinese Han youth participants were recruited. Furthermore, according to the T–score evaluation criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO), we divided the BMD levels of participants into three groups: osteoporosis\\BDL, osteopenia\\BDM, normal bone density\\BDH, and the associations between GM community and BMD groups were conducted. According to alpha and beta diversity analysis, significant differences were found in the microbial richness and composition between groups. The dominant phyla of GM in a cohort of Chinese Han youth were Bacteroidota (50.6%) and Firmicutes (41.6%). Anaerobic microorganisms, such as g_Faecalibacterium and g_Megamonas, account for the largest proportion in the gut, which were mainly Firmicutes phylum. The dominant genera and species in the three BMD groups were g_Prevotella, g_Bacteroides, g_Faecalibacterium, g_Megamonas, s_Prevotella copri, s_unclassified_g_Faecalibacterium, s_unclassified_g_Prevotella, s_unclassified_g_Bacteroides and s_Bacteroides plebeius. g_Faecalibacterium, g_Bacteroides and g_Ruminococcus differed between the BDH and BDL groups as well as between the BDH and BDM groups. LEfSe showed three genus communities and eight species communities were enriched in the three BMD groups, respectively. The associations between microbial relative abundance and T–score was not statistically significant by Spearman and regression analysis. In conclusion, the alpha diversity indexes in the BDH group were higher than in the BDL group, and several taxa were identified that may be the targets for diagnosis and therapy of OP.

Association of body composition with ambulatory blood pressure among Chinese youths

BackgroundFor youths, abnormalities in ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) patterns are known to be associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk and potential target organ damage. Body composition, including indicators such as lean mass index (LMI), fat mass index (FMI), and visceral fat level (VFL), plays a significant role in blood pressure (BP) regulation. However, little is known about the association between these body composition indicators and ABP. Therefore, the present study examined the association between these body composition indicators and BP among Chinese youths.MethodsA total of 477 college students aged 17 to 28 years old (mean ± Standard deviation = 18.96 ± 1.21) from a university in Changsha, Hunan Province, China, were included in this study. Body composition indicators were measured with a bioelectrical impedance body composition analyzer, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was conducted. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the relationship between body composition indicators and abnormal ABP.ResultsThe prevalence of abnormal BP, including 24-hour BP, daytime BP, nighttime BP, and clinic BP, were 4.8%, 4.2%, 8.6%, and 10.9%, respectively. After adjusting for potential covariates, LMI [abnormal 24-hour BP (OR = 1.85, 95%CI:1.31, 2.62), abnormal daytime BP (OR = 1.76, 95%CI:1.21, 2.58), abnormal nighttime BP (OR = 1.64, 95%CI:1.25, 2.14), abnormal clinic BP (OR = 1.84, 95%CI:1.38, 2.45)], FMI [abnormal 24-hour BP (OR = 1.20, 95%CI:1.02, 1.41), abnormal daytime BP (OR = 1.30, 95%CI:1.07, 1.57), abnormal nighttime BP (OR = 1.24, 95%CI:1.10, 1.39), abnormal clinic BP (OR = 1.42, 95%CI:1.22, 1.65)], and VFL [abnormal 24-hour BP (OR = 1.22, 95%CI:1.06, 1.39), abnormal daytime BP (OR = 1.29, 95%CI:1.10, 1.51), abnormal nighttime BP (OR = 1.24, 95%CI:1.12, 1.39), abnormal clinic BP (OR = 1.38, 95%CI:1.21, 1.57)] are positively linked to abnormal BP. Additionally, there were significant sex differences in the association between body composition and abnormal BP.ConclusionsOur findings suggested maintaining an individual’s appropriate muscle mass and fat mass and focusing on the different relations of males’ and females’ body composition is crucial for the achievement of appropriate BP profiles.

From personality types to social labels: the impact of using MBTI on social anxiety among Chinese youth.

As the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) gains popularity among Chinese young people, it has undergone a gradual transition from being perceived as a personality assessment tool to being regarded as a social label. The objective of this study was to ascertain whether the use of the MBTI as a social label has an impact on social anxiety among Chinese youth groups. A questionnaire survey was conducted on social media platforms to recruit Chinese youth aged 18 to 35. A total of 247 males and 222 females participated in the study, and the data was analyzed quantitatively using SPSS software and the Process macro plugin. The study found no strong correlation between MBTI as a social label and social anxiety. Moreover, this study introduced ego identity, belonging, and impression management as mediating variables and found that, under the influence of ego identity and impression management, the use of MBTI has a significant impact on social anxiety. The research reveals the complex role of MBTI among Chinese youth and provides a new perspective for understanding the impact of online social labels on the mental health of youth groups. Of course, this study also has limitations in terms of sample size and variable control. Future research should expand the sample size, introduce more potential influencing factors, and further validate and expand the existing conclusions.

The impacts of new propaganda media use on youth's political socialization

ABSTRACT Given the critical role of media in political socialization, the relationship between media use and political trust has attracted considerable attention from Western scholars. To examine the media mobilization effect in contemporary China, this paper aims to investigate how the use of New Propaganda Media (NPM) by youth relates to their patriotism and political trust based on a cross-sectional study conducted by cluster random sampling among Chinese youth in 31 provinces (N = 3011). Results indicated that (1) NPM use, in generally, positively predicts patriotism and political trust; (2) the intensity of patriotism mediates the connection between NPM use and political trust; and (3) usage of official media, social media and learning media has a positive impact on political trust, while the effect of entertainment media use is not significant. Our findings contributed to a better understanding of the effect of NPM on political trust and provide theoretical and practical significance in media mobilization and youth's political socialization of future research.

From Clicks to Calm: Investigating the Link Between Mindfulness and Digital Hoarding Behavior Among Chinese Youth.

Digital hoarding refers to the continuous acquisition of digital content and the difficulty in disposing of it. This behavior is increasingly common among today's youth. This study aims to explore the impact of mindfulness on digital hoarding behavior, investigating self-control as a mediator and upward social comparison via social media as a moderator. A total of 956 young individuals participated in this cross-sectional study. The research instruments used included the Mindfulness Measure, the Self-Control Scale, the Social Comparison Scale, and the Digital Hoarding Behavior Questionnaire. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. For more complex analyses, we examined the mediating role of self-control and the moderating effects of upward social comparison via social media in the relationship between mindfulness and digital hoarding behavior. 1) Mindfulness significantly negatively predicted digital hoarding. 2) Self-control mediated the relationship between mindfulness and digital hoarding. 3) Upward social comparison via social media moderated the relationship between mindfulness and self-control, specifically the first segment of the mediation pathway. This research is pioneering in exploring mindfulness as a protective factor against digital hoarding, offering fresh insights into this nascent field. The findings also suggest prevention and intervention strategies for digital information management disorder in young people.

Elevated remnant cholesterol was associated with the increased metabolically unhealthy obesity risk in Chinese youth.

Metabolically unhealthy obesity is characterized by the presence of cardiovascular metabolic risks such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia. Research has shown a correlation between remnant cholesterol (RC) concentrations and abdominal obesity in children. However, the effect of RC concentration on metabolically unhealthy obesity remains unclear. This study included 3114 Chinese adolescents who received health check-ups. We used logistic regression models and receiver operating characteristic analysis to evaluate the correlation between RC concentration and metabolically unhealthy obesity in a cross-sectional design. After controlling for possible confounding variables, we found that individuals in the top and fourth quintiles of RC concentrations had a significantly higher likelihood of developing metabolically unhealthy obesity compared to those in the bottom quintile (ORs, 4.810 and 1.836; 95% CIs, 3.209-7.212 and 1.167-2.890, respectively). The risk of metabolically unhealthy obesity tended to increase with RC concentration (ptrend<0.001). In addition, boys showed positive associations between RC concentration and both BMI (r = 0.305, p<0.001) and waist circumference (r = 0.306, p<0.001). According to the analysis, the predictive accuracy of metabolically unhealthy obesity was 0.736 (95% CI, 0.690-0.781) for boys and 0.630 (95% CI, 0.573-0.687) for girls. The ideal prediction threshold was 0.66 for boys and 0.59 for girls. Our findings indicate that elevated RC concen-tration is linked to a higher likelihood of developing metabolically unhealthy obesity in young individuals, regardless of other known risk factors.

Guidelines to Promote Youth Basketball for Basketball Club in Guangdong Province, the People’s Republic of China

Background and Aim: The normal operation of children's amateur basketball clubs is not only affected by external risks such as policy and economic epidemics but also influenced by the club operators' strategic consciousness, players, coaches, basketball teaching, and other aspects. The number of coaches within the club is not enough and without professional coaches and places for non-standard training, there is no cooperation from parents. These factors all affect the ability to play basketball of Chinese youth. The purpose of this study was to construct the guidelines to promote youth basketball for basketball clubs in Guangdong. Materials and Methods: This research was the mixed method. Using an expert interview form, 5 experts were interviewed to find ways to create a guideline to promote youth basketball for basketball clubs in Guangdong. Questionnaires were used for 63 basketball clubs. Criteria for selecting basketball clubs are: It is the city's top three basketball clubs. which has a total of 100 youth basketball players or more. It will use 189 questionnaires for 1 club leader and 2 basketball club coaches in each club. 9 experts for the Focus group method and connoisseurship method used 7 experts to confirm the guidelines to promote youth basketball for basketball clubs in Guangdong, all of the experts using purposive sampling. Results: The research results found that: The guidelines to promote youth basketball for basketball clubs in Guangdong consist of 4 areas: 1) The policy setting and planning to promote youth basketball for basketball club area consists of 15 guidelines; 2) The creating an atmosphere and environment in the basketball club area consists of 13 guidelines; 3) The providing club members with the ability to promote youth basketball area consists of 15 guidelines; 4) The budget support for promoting youth basketball in the clubs of club members area consists of 12 guidelines. Conclusion: The guidelines for promoting basketball clubs for youth basketball players in Guangdong Province are clear. Can be used and it is not contrary to government policy, but it must focus on providing club members with the ability to promote youth basketball area. Including presenting strategies, and alternative plans, and making recommendations for clear monitoring and evaluation. It can be applied to other sports, but it should start with a small organization first.

Development of A Comprehensive Test for Talent Identification in Chinese Youth Racewalking Athletes

Background and Aim: Talent identification forms the foundation of competitive sports. Scientific selection of young people with strong athletic talent and potential to compete in sports training is key to developing high-level athletes and achieving excellent athletic results. Therefore, this study aims to develop a comprehensive test for talent identification in Chinese youth racewalking athletes. Materials and Methods: This is a research and experimental development (R&amp;D) study. There are approximately 300 youth racewalkers in China, and this study is implemented in 115 athletes. The main steps and methods of the study are as follows: (1) Literature review and content analysis, search and sort out the factors related to excellent racewalking performance; (2) Invite 7 experts to fill in the semi-structured questionnaire and form a preliminary draft of the comprehensive test; (3) Invite 21 experts to conduct a Delphi evaluation of the comprehensive test content and revise the comprehensive test; (4) Implement the comprehensive test and analyze the data, select the key test through correlation analysis, and conduct a Test-retest analysis to confirm test reliability; (5) Complete the second round of Delphi evaluation and to construct the final comprehensive test and norms. Results: The final comprehensive test for talent identification in Chinese youth racewalking athletes includes five aspects: anthropometric, physiological, physical fitness, skill, and psychology. The comprehensive test for males included 11 items as follows: (1) Pelvic Width; (2) Thigh Length; (3) Calf Length; (4) VO2 max; (5) 400m Run; (6) 3000m Run; (7) 1000m Racewalking; (8) Sit and Reach; (9) Willpower; (10) Mental Resilience; and (11) Expectation of Winning. The comprehensive test for females included 8 items as follows: (1) Thigh Length; (2) Calf Length; (3) VO2 max; (4) 400m Run; (5) 1000m Racewalking; (6) Standing Long Jump; (7) Willpower; and (8) Motivation to Participate. Conclusion: The holistic evaluation of Chinese youth racewalking athletes encompasses a diverse range of factors, from physical dimensions to psychological attributes, reflecting a nuanced understanding of talent beyond mere physical prowess.