Chinese Psychological Society Research Articles

End of an era or a moment of reshuffling: fragmentation of entry-level training in China's psycho-boom.

This article examines the fragmentation of entry-level training in China's psycho-boom since the state terminated its certification for psychological counsellors in 2017. Initially, the policy change was perceived as the end of an era marked by rapid yet disorderly development. The stringent state regulation that many people anticipated, however, did not occur. The certification's ending turned out to be a moment of reshuffling that gave existing key players - including the Registry System under the Chinese Psychological Society, other quasi-official organizations and their partners in the training industry, and digital start-up companies - a new chance to vie for growth and dominance in the space it left behind. The heat of the psycho-boom continues, as do the chaos and struggles within it.

Practices and Outcomes of Promoting the Competencies of Psychological Assistance Professionals in Defeating the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The competencies of clinical or counseling psychologists influenced the effectiveness and qualities of the psychological assistance provided after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The following practices were performed by the Clinical Psychology Registration Work Committee of the Chinese Psychological Society in promoting the competencies of the professionals: (1) Developed and introduced guidelines for psychological assistance provided via hotlines or the Internet. (2) Provided specific trainings based on the competency model constructed by knowledge, skills, and attitudes. These training programs included the psychological first aid under the major public health emergencies, crisis intervention, special methods and approaches for hotline and online services, related ethical guidelines, etc. (3) Emphasized on the supervision for the professionals worked front line. The professionals practiced effectively in dealing with suicide crisis, helping people who lost their loved one, and the adjustment to life during the quarantine. The practical experience showed that the working mechanism of issuing practical guidelines, providing specific training and supervision can effectively improve the competencies of the professionals and play an important role in the psychological assistance defeating the pandemic in China.

Professional Ethical Concerns and Recommendations on Psychological Interventions during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China

When COVID-19 pandemic hit China, Chinese clinical psychologists, counselors and other practitioners reacted quickly to provide psychological interventions for different target groups. Different professional ethical concerns and potential transgressions arose during different stages of pandemic. This paper aimed to summarize different ethical concerns and transgressions during different stages of pandemic in China, as well as how the professional ethical workgroup in the registration system of clinical psychologists and professional organizations of Chinese Psychological Society (CPS) to publish a series of documents as recommendations on ethical practice. It is hoped by providing a picture of “problems vs. solutions” in terms of professional ethical issues on psychological interventions for COVID-19 pandemic in China, the paper may provide certain inspirations as well as emotional support to clinical practitioners from other countries and regions who have been fighting the pandemic.

Ethical Issues in Psychotherapy Training in China

ABSTRACTThe growth of psychodynamic psychotherapy in China has been accompanied by a small number of ethical complaints. Some particular aspects of the logistics of building a practice in China have contributed to these ethical situations and are discussed. The CAPA Ethics Committee has worked with its Chinese counterparts to explicate the basic concepts of ethics and professional behavior, and ethics investigations, as they are articulated in the CAPA Ethics Procedures, the Ethics Code of the American Psychoanalytic Association and the Ethics Code of the Chinese Psychological Society. Continued education by CAPA and CIC about the essence of ethical and professional behavior will be a feature of its training going forward, and should be extended after graduation by means of continuing education programs.

Jiao Shao: A forerunner of physiological psychology and comparative psychology in China

Jiao Shao (邵郊, 1923–2017) (Fig. 1), who was an expert in physiological psychology and comparative psychology in China, made important contributions to the development of physiological psychology and comparative psychology, scientific research and personnel training (The obituary of Jiao Shao, 2017). He was a member of the Second Discipline Review Group of the State Council (Pedagogy), the director of the third and fifth sessions of Chinese Psychological Society (CPS), the chairman of the Professional Committee on Physiological Psychology of the CPS (1984–1988), an editorial advisory board member of the Encyclopedia of China Publishing House (First Edition), an editorial board member of Acta Psychologica Sinica (1979–1991), and he was honored as a fellow of the CPS (2007).

The Congress of the Chinese Psychological Society

The Congress of the Chinese Psychological Society

Community, Spiritual Traditions, and Disasters in Chinese Society

This article posits a deeply contextual and communal therapy as the best path to a victim’s reconstruction of a sense of ‘home.’ The authors take seriously the recent call of Zhang Kan, chairperson of the Chinese Psychological Society, to consider the localities and heritage of China in the construction of psychotherapy for Chinese. The article follows Walsh’s four ways by which reconstructed communities are a resource for detoxifying the effects of trauma and disaster: shared acknowledgement of the traumatic events, shared experience of loss and survivorship, reorganization of the community, and reinvestment in relationships. It is argued that spirituality can also play a positive role in the recovery of meaning and community after disaster when honored rather than instrumentalized. Examples will be drawn from the communal/religious reconstructive efforts of Ukrainian Mennonites in communist Russia and the ways in which Chinese responded to the earthquake of May 12, 2008.

2008 Revision of the Chinese Code of Ethical Use of Psychological Tests and Its Implementation Status

In response to the rapidly increasing application and abuse of psychological tests in China, the Psychometrics Division of the Chinese Psychological Society published the 2008 revisions of the Chinese Code of Ethical Use of Psychological Tests. We investigated the implementation status of the code 2½ years after its promulgation. Sample included 284 psychological professionals and psychology graduate students. The average accuracy rate for the appropriate use of psychological tests was 67.1% (range = 25.5–97.5%), with 10 items having accuracy rates below 45%. Participants remained uncertain about the clients' rights to information about the purpose, psychometric properties, and scores of the tests. The most frequent violations involved “using psychological tests without psychometric information for entertainment purposes” and “using SCL-90 to measure mental health of normal people.”

Community, Spiritual Traditions, and Disasters in Collective Societies

This article posits a deeply contextual and communal therapy as the best path to a victim's reconstruction of a sense of ‘home.’ The authors take seriously the recent call of Zhang Kan, chairperson of the Chinese Psychological Society, to consider the localities and heritage of China in the construction of psychotherapy for Chinese. The article follows Walsh's four ways by which reconstructed communities are a resource for detoxifying the effects of trauma and disaster: shared acknowledgement of the traumatic events, shared experience of loss and survivorship, reorganization of the community, and reinvestment in relationships. It is argued that spirituality can also play a positive role in the recovery of meaning and community after disaster when honored rather than instrumentalized. Examples will be drawn from the communal/religious reconstructive efforts of Ukrainian Mennonites in communist Russia, the ways in which Chinese responded to the 5.12 earthquake, and the work of the Catholic diocese with Guatemalan indigenous peoples in honoring the dead in rebuilding communities.

Professional Ethical Issues and the Development of Professional Ethical Standards in Counseling and Clinical Psychology in China

This article aims to summarize the current ethical issues in the field of clinical and counseling psychology and the process of developing professional ethical standards in China. First, through a review of the history of counseling and psychotherapy in China, general background information is provided. Important ethical issues are then discussed based on the results from several empirical studies. Finally, the process of developing the new edition of the Chinese Psychological Society Code of Ethics for Clinical and Counseling Psychology, the main contents as well as the considerations taken into account in the development of this code are presented.

Psychology in China and the Chinese Psychological Society

Psychology in China and the Chinese Psychological Society

Teaching of psychology to university students in China

Psychology was first introduced into China from the Western world in the beginning of the 20th century. After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, psychology was a subdiscipline under education; only after 1960 did psychology became an independent discipline. With the onset of the “Cultural Revolution” (1966–1976), when all universities were closed, psychology was severely attacked by the leftist group and was criticized as a pseudoscience. In the early 1980s, Chinese psychology was again accepted as an academic discipline. Departments of psychology were established in several universities. Since then, Chinese psychology has begun a new stage of rapid development. Although there is no uniform program in the teaching of psychology across Chinese universities, some progress in psychology education has been achieved. Along with the transition of the social‐economic system in China, the role of psychology has become more visible. It is now one of the most favoured scientific disciplines in China. In recent years many new departments of psychology have been established, and the number of students majoring in psychology has increased greatly. In order to improve the teaching of psychology, some unified textbooks have been published under the guidance of the Ministry of Education. With the help of the Chinese Psychological Society, some national conferences on the exchanging of teaching experience have been organized.

The history of psychology in Japan

The history of psychology in Japan

Biopsychology research in China

The early studies on biopsychology in China were classified under the name of physiological psychology and comparative psychology. In 1979 the Division of Physiological Psychology of the Chinese Psychological Society was founded. Fifteen years later, the Brain‐Behavior Research Center was founded at the Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The objective of the Center was to establish a multidisciplinary scientific environment for conducting experimental research on the relationship between brain and behaviour as well as the interactions of the mind and body. A wide range of studies in biopsychology has been conducted in China. The most major research areas are: (1) Behavioural and physiological studies of stress: Research work includes the effect of early environment on stressful responses, interactions of behavioural and endocrine responses under stress, effects of emotional stress on immune function, stress and hypertension and the related role of interleukin‐1. (2) Conditioning and immunity: Studies focus on the effects of conditioning in the modulation of bidirectional immune function. Data from different experiments demonstrate that psychological processes are capable of influencing immune function. The neural substrates are also explored. (3) Memory and learning: Studies mostly concentrate on types of memory formation and training stimulus, effect of light exposure and corticosterone on learning and memory, and the role of the hippocampus in learning and memory. (4) Drug addiction: Work mainly focuses on long‐term aspects of addiction, including memory, novelty seeking, motivation‐related models, and the brain mechanisms underlying morphine psychological dependence.

MAJOR ACTIVITIES OF THE CHINESE PSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY DURING 1988

MAJOR ACTIVITIES OF THE CHINESE PSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY DURING 1988

BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF THE CHINESE PSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY

Abstract The Chinese Psychological Society held its latest academic symposium for three days beginning September 18, 1987 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. About 300 representatives attended.

SIXTY YEARS OF CHINESE PSYCHOLOGY: RETROSPECT AND PROSPECT*

It is sixty years since the founding of the Chinese Psychological Society. In this comparatively short period, psychology in China has travelled a very tortuous and bumpy path. Experiences are worthy of being summarized, and lessons of being learned and remembered. On this occasion of commemorating the 60th anniversary of the founding of the society, let us review the past and look forward into the future, in the hope of pushing psychology in China towards a new stage of development.

The 1981 conference of the chinese psychological society

(1982). The 1981 conference of the chinese psychological society. Australian Psychologist: Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 119-127.

Impressions of psychology in the people's republic of China

In addition to outlining continuities and discontinuities in the development of psychology in China over the last 60 years, the present paper identifies current trends in teaching, research, and practice. Psychology has been vigorously re-established following severe disruption to the discipline during the cultural revolution. The major forces in contemporary Chinese psychology are the Institute of Psychology, the colleges and universities, and the Chinese Psychological Society. These three systems are discussed in the context of observations made by the author in 1979 while working in the Institute of Psychology under the sponsorship of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Psychology in Communist China

Communist psychologists seek a psychological basis of communism. Psychology is defined as the brain’s reflection of reality, determined by the contradictions that exist in objective reality and the ideology of the social class to which the individual belongs. Western social psychology is blamed for helping the capitalists to suppress the workers’ class struggle. There is nationwide research on child development with EEG, initiated by the Chinese Psychological Society, rather than intelligence tests used to study the development of brain function. Piagete theory is used to study the cognitive development of Chinese children. Traditional Chinese interest in moral development is also emphasized in the research.