Middle-aged Chinese Women Research Articles

Resection of a giant intraspinal and extraspinal schwannoma with cystic change using a two-step surgery: a case report

BackgroundSchwannomas originating from the intravertebral canal rarely extend into the paravertebral region or form large masses. There are few reports on such medical cases, and their clinical diagnosis and management are poorly understood. Here, we report a case of an intraspinal schwannoma with a giant extraspinal mass in a middle-aged Chinese woman and the clinical implications of the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of thoracic vertebral schwannoma.Case presentationA 59-year-old female patient who presented with sudden lower limb numbness and difficulty in walking was referred to our department. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a tumor compressing the T11-T12 spinal canal and extensively invading the left thoracic cavity to form a giant paravertebral mass. Schwannoma was diagnosed after intraoperative pathological examination, in which tumor cells were immunoreactive to S100 and Sox10 but negative for smooth muscle actin (SMH). Intraspinal mass resection through the posterior approach and extraspinal chest mass resection under video-assisted thoracoscopy through the left lateral approach were performed simultaneously, and instrumentation was used to maintain thoracic spinal stability.ConclusionIn patients with large schwannomas, customized treatment plans are crucial. Tailoring the approach to an individual’s specific condition by considering factors such as tumor size and location is essential for optimal outcomes.

Gender Disparities in the Association Between Educational Attainment and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: Cross-Sectional Study.

Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) health is affected by social determinants of health, especially education. CKM syndrome has not been evaluated in Chinese population, and the association of education with CKM syndrome in different sexes and its intertwined relation with lifestyles have not been explored. We aimed to explore the association between educational attainment and the prevalence of CKM syndrome stages in middle-aged and older Chinese men and women as well as the potential role of health behavior based on Life's Essential 8 construct. This study used data from the nationwide, community-based REACTION (Risk Evaluation of Cancers in Chinese diabetic individuals: a longitudinal study). A total of 132,085 participants with complete information to determine CKM syndrome stage and education level were included. Educational attainment was assessed by the self-reported highest educational level achieved by the participants and recategorized as low (elementary school or no formal education) or high (middle school, high school, technical school/college, or above). CKM syndrome was ascertained and classified into 5 stages according to the American Heart Association presidential advisory released in 2023. Among 132,085 participants (mean age 56.95, SD 9.19 years; n=86,675, 65.62% women) included, most had moderate-risk CKM syndrome (stages 1 and 2), and a lower proportion were at higher risk of CKM (stages 3 and 4). Along the CKM continuum, low education was associated with 34% increased odds of moderate-risk CKM syndrome for women (odds ratio 1.36, 95% CI 1.23-1.49) with a significant sex disparity, but was positively correlated with high-risk CKM for both sexes. The association between low education and high-risk CKM was more evident in women with poor health behavior but not in men, which was also interactive with and partly mediated by behavior. Low education was associated with adverse CKM health for both sexes but was especially detrimental to women. Such sex-specific educational disparity was closely correlated with health behavior but could not be completely attenuated by behavior modification. These findings highlight the disadvantage faced by women in CKM health ascribed to low education, underscoring the need for public health support to address this inequality.

Associations between menopausal symptoms and cardiovascular disease in middle-aged Chinese women

Objective This study aimed to examine the association between severity of menopausal symptoms and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among middle-aged Chinese women. Methods A cross-sectional study recruited 9679 women aged 40–70 years from three socioeconomic regions of China in 2018. Menopausal symptoms were assessed by the modified Kupperman Menopausal Index (KMI). The severity of individual symptoms was classified as none (0 points), mild (1 points) and moderate-to-severe symptoms (2–3 points), and overall menopausal symptoms were classified as none (<15 points), mild (15–24 points) or moderate-to-severe (≥25 points) according to the sum score of the KMI. Logistic regression models were used to examine associations of the severity of menopausal symptoms with CVD risk. Results A total of 5.6% of participants reported being diagnosed with CVD. Overall menopausal symptoms were more common in women aged 60–70 years than in women aged 40–59 years. After multiple adjustment, mild (odds ratio [OR] = 2.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.64–2.61) and moderate-to-severe (OR = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.92–3.63) overall menopausal symptoms were associated with increased risk of CVD compared with no symptoms. Significant positive associations between the severity of individual menopausal symptoms and CVD risk were observed for all 13 items. Conclusion The severity of menopausal symptoms was positively associated with CVD risk in middle-aged Chinese women.

Association between triglyceride glucose index and breast cancer in 142,184 Chinese adults: findings from the REACTION study.

The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index has been associated with an increased risk in breast cancer. However, this association remains unclear among the Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate whether the TyG index is associated with the risk of prevalent breast cancer in Chinese women. This cross-sectional study included 142,184 women from the REACTION (Risk Evaluation of Cancers in Chinese Diabetic Individuals: A Longitudinal) Study, which recruited adults aged 40 years or older from 25 centers across mainland China between 2011 and 2012. The TyG index was calculated according to the formula: Ln (fasting triglycerides [mg/dL] × fasting glucose [mg/dL]/2). Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to evaluate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) regarding the associations between the TyG index and breast cancer. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the lowest quartile of the TyG index, the highest quartile of the TyG index was significantly associated with an increased risk of prevalent breast cancer, with an OR (95% CI) of 1.61 (1.19-2.17). In the stratified analysis, the association of each 1 SD increase in the TyG index with risk of prevalent breast cancer was more dominant in individuals with menarche at age 13-17, those who were postmenopausal, those with a history of breastfeeding, and those who had two to four children, with the ORs (95% CIs) of 1.35 (1.09-1.68), 1.27 (1.05-1.54), 1.26 (1.05-1.52), and 1.32 (1.08-1.62), respectively. Moreover, among those without discernible insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance [HOMA-IR] ≥2.5), hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, each 1 SD increase in the TyG index was associated with a 1.36-fold increase in breast cancer risk, with an OR (95% CI) of 2.36 (1.44-3.87). The TyG index is significantly associated with the prevalent breast cancer risk among middle-aged and elderly Chinese women.

Musculoskeletal pain among Chinese women during the menopausal transition: findings from a longitudinal cohort study.

The profiles of muscle and joint pain throughout the menopausal transition and the factors associated with these symptoms have not been determined. A total of 609 participants from a longitudinal cohort study conducted in an urban Chinese community were enrolled in this study. We assessed the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms at different menopausal stages and explored the factors associated with these symptoms. The prevalence and severity of muscle and joint pain increase as menopausal stages progress, and late menopausal transition may be a crucial timepoint that triggers the onset of musculoskeletal pain. The results of the multivariate analysis revealed that poor health status (OR = 2.245, 95% CI = 1.714-2.94, P < 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (OR = 1.046, 95% CI = 1.01-1.084, P = 0.011), the presence of anxiety (OR = 1.601, 95% CI = 1.211-2.117, P < 0.001), and depression (OR = 1.368, 95% CI = 1.143-1.639, P < 0.001) were independently associated with muscle and joint pain. In addition, the severity of musculoskeletal pain was related to poor health status (OR = 2.738, 95% CI = 1.91-3.924, P < 0.001) and depression (OR = 1.371, 95% CI = 1.095-1.718, P = 0.006). Musculoskeletal symptoms are frequent somatic symptoms experienced by Chinese middle-aged women. Women with poor health status, high BMI, anxiety, and depression were at heightened risk of experiencing musculoskeletal pain. The severity of pain increased over time.

Prospective association between social isolation, loneliness and lung function among Chinese middle-aged and older adults.

Previous research has highlighted a heightened occurrence of social isolation and loneliness in older adults diagnosed with chronic lung diseases. Nevertheless, there exists a dearth of studies that have explored the influence of impoverished social relationships on lung function. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal association between social isolation, loneliness and lung function over 4 years among middle-aged and older Chinese adults. This study employed two waves (2011 and 2015) of data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The analysis was limited to participants aged 45 years and above and stratified based on gender (3325 men and 3794 women). The measurement of peak expiratory flow (PEF) served as an indicator for assessing lung function. Lagged dependent variable regression models, accounting for covariates, were employed to explore the relationship between baseline social isolation and loneliness and the subsequent PEF. For women, social isolation was significantly associated with the decline in PEF at follow-up (β = -.06, p < .001) even after adjusting for all covariates; no significant correlation was observed between loneliness and PEF. Among men, there was no significant association found between either social isolation or loneliness and PEF. Social isolation is prospectively associated with worse lung function in middle-aged and older Chinese women but not men. The results highlight the importance of promoting social relationships in public health initiatives, especially in groups that are more vulnerable.

Association of Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms With Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Women.

The objective of this study was to estimate the association of depressive and anxiety symptoms with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in middle-aged and older Chinese women and to further evaluate whether the association was influenced by sociodemographic factors. This cross-sectional study included 9544 women aged 40 to 70 years from the eastern, central, and western regions of China in 2018. Logistic regression models were utilized to examine odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for depressive and anxiety symptoms with CVD risk. Depressive (OR = 1.89) and anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.55) were independently associated with an increased risk of CVD after adjusting for potential confounders. Stratified analyses found that depressive symptoms were only significantly associated with higher risk of CVD in women aged over 50 years and with lower levels of education and household income, whereas anxiety symptoms were only significantly associated with an elevated risk of CVD in women aged 60 to 70 years, and living in rural areas, and with lower levels of education and household income. Our findings emphasize the improvement of recognizing and managing depressive and anxiety symptoms to reduce the risk of CVD in middle-aged and older women, particularly in older women of low socioeconomic status.

Hypertension, socioeconomic status and depressive and anxiety disorders: a cross-sectional study of middle-aged and older Chinese women

ObjectivesTo investigate the association of hypertension with depressive and anxiety disorders in middle-aged and older Chinese women, and to further assess whether the association was influenced by socioeconomic status (SES).DesignNationwide...

Mechanisms connecting square dance to sleep quality among middle-aged and older Chinese females: serial mediation roles of social support and depressive symptoms.

Square dance is gaining increasing popularity among middle-aged and older Chinese women who are also at high risk of sleep disturbance. Although previous studies have shown exercise could improve sleep quality, the association between square dance and sleep quality remains to be discussed, and even less is known about the potential mechanism underlying this association. This study aims to investigate the relationship between square dance and sleep quality and test if social support and depressive symptoms together play a serial mediating role in the influence of square dance on sleep quality. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 549 middle-aged and older Chinese females from September to December 2020 in Shao Yang City, Hunan Province of China, with ethics approval granted (SYU [2020]002). Square dance involvement was assessed by three questions about the time participants spent in square dance. Social support, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality were measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Social Support Self-Rating Scale (SSRS), and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), respectively. The serial mediation model was analyzed by the bootstrapping method to assess whether social support and depressive symptoms mediate the relationship between square dance and sleep quality. Two-thirds of the participants had high involvement in square dance and most reported a moderate and high level of social support (98.54%). The prevalence of depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance was 19.49 and 26.78%, respectively. The serial mediation model showed a significant association between square dance and sleep quality, which was fully mediated by social support and depressive symptoms in a serial model (total effect c = -0.114, 95%CI = -0.227 to -0.001; direct effect c' = -0.036, 95% CI = -0.138 to 0.065; total indirect effect ab = -0.077, 95% CI = -0.139 to-0.016). Our study extends the understanding of how square dance is associated with sleep quality through the serial mediating roles of social support and depressive symptoms. It provides crucial implications for developing square dance interventions to improve sleep quality among middle-aged and older Chinese females.

Sex-specific aging patterns of gut microbiota guild in urban Chinese adults

Abstract Background The loss of gut microbial stability has been observed during aging. Previous studies have noted changes in the diversity of gut microbiota and richness of specific bacteria along with age, but rarely focused on alternations in microbial guild. Methods Included in this study were 2944 middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults (1473 men and 1471 women) from the Shanghai Men's and Women's Health Studies, of whom 1419 healthy subjects (747 men and 672 women) self-reported no common non-communicable diseases (NCD) were selected for evaluating the healthy aging pattern. Microbiome was profiled by 16S rRNA sequencing. A guild-based method was adopted to cluster operational taxonomic units (OTU) into co-abundance groups (CAG) as functional units. PICRUSt2 were used to predict metagenome functions. The aging trend were assessed by linear regression. A random forest model incorporating significant CAGs with chronological age was developed to fit microbial age in the healthy and subsequently applied to those with NCDs. Results The age of all participants ranged from 51.4 to 89.3 years (mean of 70.2). A decline in Chao1 index and an increase in Pielou evenness with aging were observed among healthy women but not men. The microbial drift based on Bray-Curtis distance appeared driven by age and differed significantly by sex. Eleven CAGs were identified as potential aging markers in men, and twelve in women; wherein only CAG_6 (Bifidobacterium sp. dominated) and CAG_118 (Veillonella dispar dominated) were positively related with age in both genders. The 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate biosynthesis served as the core metabolic pathway that increased with age in both men and women. Subjects with metabolic diseases had an older microbial age than the healthy, particularly among men. Conclusions This study indicates the importance of gut microbiota in healthy aging among Chinese men and women. The aging related sex-specific patterns of gut microbiota can be modified by prevalent NCDs. Key messages • The aging patterns of gut microbiota guild were different in middle-aged and elderly Chinese men and women. • The microbial age was older in subjects with metabolic diseases than those without.

Diagnosis of Fibrillary Glomerulonephritis with Positive Immunoglobulin A-κ Deposits Presenting as Membranous Nephropathy Using Immunoelectron Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review

ABSTRACT Fibrillary glomerulonephritis (FGN) is a rare disease characterized by randomly arranged fibrils with a diameter of 10–30 nm on immunoelectron microscopy. Clinically, renal insufficiency, hypertension, hematuria, and proteinuria are the typical symptoms of FGN. Currently, there are limited treatment options for FGN, and transplant recurrence is common. We reported the case of a middle-aged Chinese woman diagnosed with FGN with positive immunoglobulin A-κ deposits presenting as membranous nephropathy.

Improvement of mild photoaged facial skin in middle-aged Chinese females by a supramolecular retinol plus acetyl hexapeptide-1 containing essence.

The anti-ageing gold standard, retinol, has been widely recognized for its anti-wrinkle benefits in the Chinese population. Studies have shown that Asians are more sensitive to retinol compared to their Caucasian counterparts, and it is generally recommended to use retinol once a day in the evening. However, there are few reports on the most appropriate concentration and frequency of retinol use in the general Chinese population. In this study, supramolecular retinol was prepared using cyclodextrin encapsulation technology, and the most appropriate concentration for the general Chinese population was investigated. Then, a cosmetic essence was developed by combining the classic supramolecular retinol, which promotes collagen regeneration, with acetyl hexapeptide-1, a popular ingredient known for reducing expression lines. The safety and efficacy of this cosmetic essence were studied through clinical tests. First, a patch test was conducted on 32 healthy Chinese subjects to compare the tolerance of supramolecular retinol to non-encapsulated retinol and to select the optimal concentration of retinol. Then, an 8-week clinical study was conducted using a twice-daily cosmetic essence containing 0.1% supramolecular retinol and 0.02% acetyl hexapeptide-1 to treat mild photoaging in 32 middle-aged Chinese women. Dermatological evaluations and instrument measurements were taken at baseline, 4weeks, and 8weeks. Efficacy was assessed using facial skin wrinkles, textures, elasticity, firmness, pores, gloss and stratum corneum hydration. Tolerability was assessed throughout the study. Our patch test results showed that supramolecular retinol was better tolerated than non-encapsulated retinol, and our findings suggest that 0.1% was the approximate optimal retinol concentration for the general Chinese population. The cosmetic essence studied was effective in improving the appearance of photoaged skin in the Chinese population in all aspects studied and was well tolerated. 0.1% retinol is suitable for twice daily use in the general Chinese population. Data and records on efficacy dimensions of skin textures, elasticity, firmness, pores, gloss and stratum corneum hydration for retinol in the Chinese population are supplemented with our study. Cosmeceutical approaches targeting both static and dynamic wrinkles are of value for treating the photoaged Chinese population.

The Mediatisation of the Chinese Dama in Chinese English-Language Media: A Cognitive Linguistic Approach

The term ‘Chinese dama’ was originally coined by the Wall Street Journal in 2013 to refer to a group of middle-aged and elderly Chinese women who, somewhat frenetically, purchased gold or other items. This study employs a cognitive-linguistic approach to critical discourse analysis to examine how Chinese damas are linguistically mediatised in the Chinese English-language news media. A specialised corpus of 41 news articles with 26661 words, covering the years between 2013 and 2019, was built for this purpose. Informed by Maslow’s ‘hierarchy of needs’ theory, four most recurrent themes of Chinese dama news discourses were identified and coded. The analysis of these discourses suggests that whilst there is divergence in how newspapers construe Chinese damas’ participation in social activities when they are agentive, there is convergence in terms of schematising the conflicts between Chinese damas and the other parties. This seems to fit with the media’s ideological framework, steering ultimately towards the legitimisation of excluding Chinese female seniors from the public realm.

Urban-rural differences in epidemiology and risk factors of menopause syndrome in middle-aged Chinese women.

To compare the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms and investigate their associated factors among rural and urban middle-aged Chinese women. A descriptive, cross-sectional study of 4,580 urban and 2,729 rural randomly sampled participants aged 40 to 55 years in Gansu Province, China, was conducted. Questionnaires assessing the sociodemographic information and menstrual and reproductive histories of the participants were administered. The modified Kupperman scale was used to assess the presence and severity of menopausal symptoms. Binary and ordinal logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with the occurrence and severity of menopausal syndrome, respectively, according to the modified Kupperman Menopausal Index score rank. The natural menopausal age of the rural women was significantly lower than that of the urban women (rural: 47.22, urban: 47.98; P < 0.05). Furthermore, rural women had a higher prevalence (rural: 56.35%, urban: 43.47%) and severity (rural: 11.40%, urban: 6.61%) of menopausal syndrome than the urban women ( P < 0.05). For both the urban and rural women, the prevalence and severity of most menopausal symptoms increased as menopause progressed. The three most prevalent symptoms in both the urban and rural women were fatigue (rural: 70.43%, urban: 68.19%), muscle/joint pain (rural: 62.84%, urban: 59.32%), and vertigo (rural: 57.42%, urban: 47.44%). Positive associations between menopausal symptoms and age, residence, body mass index, level of education, time of pregnancy, menstrual cycle, and presence of chronic diseases were observed. Rural women experience more frequent and severe menopausal syndrome than do urban women.

Skin Aging Perception and Anti-Aging Management Characteristics of Women in their 30s in Shanxi Province, China

This study aims to provide accurate information through data on the perception of skin aging and anti-aging management behavior characteristics of women in their 30s in Shanxi Province, China, and to provide basic data on the development and professional management of cosmetics tailored to customers' needs in the anti-aging market. For the study, an electronic questionnaire was produced by the Wenjuanxing program, and the purpose of the study and the survey contents were read to a woman in her 30s living in Shanxi Province, China, and a survey was conducted anonymously. A total of 260 copies were distributed, and 227 copies were finally analyzed except for 33 responses that were insincere or omitted. The survey was divided into three parts: 6 questions to know the general characteristics of the survey subjects, 19 questions to know skin aging awareness, 8 questions to know anti-aging cosmetics use characteristics, and 9 questions to know professional care use characteristics among anti-aging management. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSSWIN21.0 program for Windows. The results of the study showed that women in their 30s in Shanxi Province, China, are usually aware of skin aging, but there is a lot of interest in anti-aging management. To prevent skin aging, cosmetics are used, lifestyle is maintained well, and the period of using cosmetics is 20~25 years old. Frequently used cosmetics are ‘moisturizing products’, and cosmetics are important to improve skin aging. In addition, “self-management (home care)” is the most common professional management, and “removing wrinkles” is the most common management. These findings show that women in their 30s need to spread knowledge about skin aging, and there is a growing interest in skin aging and anti-aging management by identifying their skin characteristics and selecting skin care that suits them. Therefore, professional management should develop a skin care program for middle-aged women in their 30s by developing a skin care program tailored to each age group, and the results of this study are meaningful in providing basic data on the dissemination of anti-aging knowledge and development and marketing of Chinese middleaged women.

Differences in spine volumetric bone mineral density between grade 1 vertebral fracture and non-fractured participants in the China action on spine and hip status study

This study evaluated the prevalence of vertebral fractures (VF) in middle-aged and elderly Chinese men and women and explored the differences in lumbar spine volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) derived from quantitative CT (QCT) between those with a grade 1 vertebral fracture and non-fractured individuals. 3,457 participants were enrolled in the China Action on Spine and Hip Status (CASH) study and had upper abdominal CT examinations. Vertebral fractures were identified by Genant's semi-quantitative method from lateral CT scout views or CT sagittal views. L1-3 vBMD was measured by Mindways QCT Pro v5.0 software. The characteristics of different fracture severity groups were compared using one-way ANOVA, independent-samples t-tests, and Kruskal-Wallis H-tests. 1267 males (aged 62.77 ± 9.20 years) and 2170 females (aged 61.41 ± 9.01 years) were included in the analysis. In men, the prevalence of VF increased from 14.7% at age&lt;50 years to 23.2% at age ≥70 years, and in women from 5.1% at age&lt;50 years to 33.0% at age ≥70 years. Differences in mean age and vBMD were found between the different fracture grade groups. After age stratification, vBMD differences in men aged &lt; 50 years old disappeared (p = 0.162) but remained in the older age bands. There was no significant difference in mean vBMD between those with multiple mild fractures and those with a single mild fracture. In women, the prevalence of VF increased rapidly after age 50, while it grew more slowly in men. In general, with the exception of men &lt;50 years old, participants with a grade 1 VF had lower vBMD than non-fractured individuals. The majority of women younger than 50 with a grade 1 VF had normal bone mass. We recommend that a vertebral height reduction ratio of &lt;25% be diagnosed as a deformity rather than a fracture in people under the age of 50. The presence of multiple mild fractured vertebrae does not imply lower BMD.

Cumulative consumption of tea is associated with lower risk of liver cancer: Updated results from the Shanghai Women's Health Study.

Prospective epidemiological studies have provided limited evidence for an association between tea consumption and liver cancer risk. Based on a population-based prospective cohort study in middle-aged Chinese women, we investigated the association between tea consumption and the risk of primary liver cancer. Detailed information on tea drinking habits and other potential confounders was obtained at the baseline interview. Incident liver cancer cases were identified through record linkage with the population-based cancer registry and verified through home visits and review of medical charts by medical experts. Multiple aspects of tea drinking habits including starting age, duration, intensity and cumulative consumption of any type of tea and green tea were considered. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived from the Cox regression models. After a median follow-up time of 18.12 (interquartile range=1.59) years, 253 incident liver cancer cases were identified from 71 841 cohort members. Compared with never tea drinkers, the risk of liver cancer for participants who have consumed over 30 kg of dried tea leaves cumulatively was 0.56 (95% CI: 0.32-0.97). For those who drank green tea only, the aHR was 0.54 (95% CI: 0.30-0.98). This updated study suggested an inverse association between cumulative consumption of tea, especially green tea and the risk of primary liver cancer.

Triglyceride Glucose-Body Mass Index Is a Reliable Indicator of Bone Mineral Density and Risk of Osteoporotic Fracture in Middle-Aged and Elderly Nondiabetic Chinese Individuals.

(1) Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship of triglyceride glucose–body mass index (TyG-BMI) with bone mineral density (BMD), femoral neck geometry, and risk of fracture in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals. (2) Methods: A total of 832 nondiabetic individuals were selected from the prospective population-based HOPE cohort. All individuals underwent DXA for assessment of BMD at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip, as well as femoral neck geometry. The 10-year probabilities of both major osteoporotic (MOFs) and hip fractures (HFs) were calculated. (3) Results: Cortical thickness, compression strength index, cross-sectional moment of inertia, cross-sectional area, section modulus, and 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in women (all p < 0.001). The presence of osteoporosis was related to age, BMI, BMD and femoral neck geometry, TyG-BMI, MOF, and HF. TyG-BMI was positively correlated with BMD. In men, TyG-BMI showed significant negative correlation with HF but not with MOF, the correlation exists only after adjusting for other variables in women. Femoral neck geometries were significantly impaired in individuals with low TyG-BMI. (4) Conclusion: TyG-BMI is positively associated with BMD and geometry, and negatively associated with risk of fracture in nondiabetic middle-aged and elderly Chinese men and women.

The Effects of Benefits Sought for Cosmetics on Motivation to Purchase Cosmetics in Middle-Aged Chinese Women

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of benefits sought for cosmetics on motivation to purchase cosmetics in middle-aged Chinese women in their forties and fifties who have high cosmetics consumption to seek for young and beautiful life with economic stability. 179 questionnaires were used to examine general characteristics, benefits sought for cosmetics, and motivation to purchase cosmetics using WeChat and Wenjuanxing program from March 05 to 15, 2022. Data analysis was conducted via SPSSWIN 21.0 with frequency analysis and factor analysis to test validity. Reliability was assessed by Cronbach’s  coefficient. Descriptive statistics analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were also conducted. Analysis results were as follows. The 40s age group(age), married(marital status), high school graduation(education), and white collar, professional, and service workers(occupation) were common. 0.5~1 million won(monthly income). The factor means of benefits sought for cosmetics were 3.95 points for trend-chasing, 3.94 points for brand popularity, 3.95 points for product performance, 3.98 points for appearance enhancement, and 3.91 points for scarcity-chasing. The factor means of motivation to purchase cosmetics were 4.05 points for trend- and other-oriented, 3.96 points for product change, 3.90 points for skin care and esthetic, and 4.01 points for economic. The benefits sought for cosmetics had a positive(+) correlation with motivation to purchase cosmetics in trend-chasing, brand popularity, product performance, appearance enhancement, and scarcity-chasing. It suggests that all factors of the benefits sought for cosmetics had a high effect on all factors of the motivation to purchase cosmetics. Based on the findings of the study, benefits sought for cosmetics has a great effect on motivation to purchase cosmetics in middle-aged women. They have a very high tendency to purchase cosmetics based on scarcity and the value of product performance. Therefore, this study will contribute to presenting basic data for marketing strategy to promote middle-aged women’s cosmetics purchase.

Low erythrocyte folate levels and increased risk of invasive cervical cancer in Chinese women

To investigate the relationship between erythrocyte folate levels and cervical lesions. Using a case-control method, patients with cervical lesions from September 2021 to February 2022 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiangnan University Hospital were selected as study subjects. After cervical biopsy, 40 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) CIN3 and 65 cases of cervical cancer as case group. The normal population of 120 cases attending the same period served as the control group. A competitive model was used to establish a chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) for human erythrocyte folate. Erythrocyte folate levels of 225 subjects were determined. Serum folate levels were 7.82 ± 3.13, 8.04 ± 3.58, and 7.58 ± 4.30 ng/ml in the control, CIN3, and cervical cancer groups, with no statistically significant differences (p=0.959). Erythrocyte folate levels were 307.27 ± 122.95, 306.52 ± 189.77, and 285.42 ± 125.74 ng/ml, respectively, with statistically significant differences (p=0.03). In a population of middle-aged Chinese women, the lower the erythrocyte folate value, the greater the risk of cervical cancer. In addition, serum folate levels were not associated with cervical lesions.