Chinese Government Websites Research Articles

An integrated model combining BERT and tree-augmented naive Bayes for analyzing risk factors of construction accident

PurposeLearning from past construction accident reports is critical to reducing their occurrence. Digital technology provides feasibility for extracting risk factors from unstructured reports, but there are few related studies, and there is a limitation that textual contextual information cannot be considered during extraction, which tends to miss some important factors. Meanwhile, further analysis, assessment and control for the extracted factors are lacking. This paper aims to explore an integrated model that combines the advantages of multiple digital technologies to effectively solve the above problems.Design/methodology/approachA total of 1000 construction accident reports from Chinese government websites were used as the dataset of this paper. After text pre-processing, the risk factors related to accident causes were extracted using KeyBERT, and the accident texts were encoded into structured data. Tree-augmented naive (TAN) Bayes was used to learn the data and construct a visualized risk analysis network for construction accidents.Findings The use of KeyBERT successfully considered the textual contextual information, prompting the extracted risk factors to be more complete. The integrated TAN successfully further explored construction risk factors from multiple perspectives, including the identification of key risk factors, the coupling analysis of risk factors and the troubleshooting method of accident risk source. The area under curve (AUC) value of the model reaches up to 0.938 after 10-fold cross-validation, indicating good performance.Originality/value This paper presents a new machine-assisted integrated model for accident report mining and risk factor analysis, and the research findings can provide theoretical and practical support for accident safety management.

The Use of Real-World Evidence for Regulatory Decisions in China.

There is a growing demand for the use of high-quality real-world evidence (RWE) to support regulatory decision-making worldwide and in China, which highlights the need for conducting literature reviews to evaluate the available data and evidence. This study aims to review the use of RWE in Chinese regulatory decisions and to summarize relevant regulatory and methodological considerations to inform the future use of RWE in China. We identified policy documents, technical guidance documents, and cases on official Chinese government websites and extracted their contents separately. We consulted experts from the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) and academic institutes and searched case-related articles for enrichment. We also searched and included articles related to the use of RWE/Real-world data in Chinese regulatory decisions. Six trial versions of technical guidance documents, 7 case studies, and 40 articles related to the Chinese regulatory decisions were included in this study. Based on the technical guidance, data quality, and appropriate study design and statistical analysis are the main concerns for RWE generation. The cases and articles related to regulatory decisions revealed 9 main concerns, including data sources and applicability, data quality, strength of existing evidence, appropriate study design and statistical analysis, regulated and transparent process for analysis and evidence generation, product safety and efficacy, product characteristics and clinical needs, ethical considerations and data security, and communicate adequately with regulatory authorities. Among these concerns, data issues are central. Preliminary attempts have been made by the NMPA to promote the use of RWE, but substantial challenges still remain.

The regulatory effect of herd structure on pig production under the environmental regulation.

Integrating pig production stability and pollution control is a matter of social livelihood and green development. This paper estimates the policy effectiveness of environmental regulation based on the big data of Chinese government websites and combines the pig production data of various provinces in China from 2008 to 2018 to construct a mediating effect model, empirically analyzing the relationship between environmental regulations, herd structure, and pig production. Research shows: (1) Improving environmental regulations in the short term will increase the slaughter of pigs, but in the long run it will decrease first and then increase; (2) At this stage, environmental regulations can increase the slaughter of pigs by changing the herd structure; (3) Reasonable adjustment of the herd structure can effectively increase the slaughter of pigs; (4) The herd structure can be used as a supplementary monitoring indicator to stabilize the supply of pigs. Combine it with the change rate of sow stock to provide early warning of fluctuations in pig production, and the early warning herd structure values are 0.0980 and 0.1135. There are two key initiatives to achieve supply and price stability in the pig industry that taking into account environmental protection: first, an industrial regulation instrument based on the herd structure needs to be established; second, an early warning system for pig production fluctuations should be established with reference to the early warning system for pork price fluctuations.

Information Disclosure on Chinese Government Websites: A Literature Review

This paper presents an insight into studies from literature in the past 15 years, i.e., since the promulgation of the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Disclosure of Government Information. This paper demonstrates the different topics studies from various disciplines focus on, providing a brief review of Chinese government information disclosure conditions over the past 15 years.

Traditional Chinese Medicine as a complementary therapy in combat with COVID-19-A review of evidence-based research and clinical practice.

To examine the literature on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) used in the treatment, prevention and supportive care in patients with COVID-19. A narrative review was performed. A systematic and comprehensive search was conducted on both Chinese and English electronic databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane, PubMed, PsycINFO. Articles published from 1 December 2019 -1 April 2020 were included in this review. Studies reporting on the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 using TCM regardless of study designs were included. In addition, grey literatures, including media reports on Chinese government websites or official media websites and treatment guidelines were searched for TCM treatment and prevention on COVID-19. Limited research has been published on the use of TCM for COVID-19. We qualitatively described and synthesized the published research and current clinical practice on the use of TCM for COVID-19, and focused on the following areas: TCM treatment used in SARS, MERS, H1N1; TCM treatment plan for COVID-19; TCM in Prevention and Treatment at Early Stage of COVID-19; TCM emotional therapy; and personalized TCM treatment plan. The combination of western medicine and TCM in treatment, and treatment based on the local condition, isolation, personal protective measures are of great significance for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Relevant laboratory research and clinical evaluation should be continued to collect scientific evidences on the efficacy of TCM. TCM has been used in the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 in China, and the clinical evidences indicated that TCM regulates immunity and exerts anti-viral effect simultaneously. This review provides practical recommendation for the policymakers in the selection process of the treatment and preventive measures for the global pandemic of COVID-19.

Impact of firms’ energy-saving effort and fixed asset characteristics on energy savings

We examine the role of some firm-level factors, such as energy-saving effort (ESE) and fixed asset characteristics (FACs, including fixed asset scale (FAS) and fixed asset efficiency (FAE)), in promoting energy saving (EnSv) for Chinese large firms that subject to a goal-setting regulation. We argue that the achievement of energy-saving goals is positively associated with ESE and FAS, and is the strongest when FAE is controlled at a moderate level. We also claim that whether firms comprehensively adopt the two major behaviors is related to their resource stocks. Basically, higher level of resource stocks corresponds to better energy saving performance. In terms of behavioral adoption, firms with lower resource stocks are more likely to make a full effort to achieve energy-saving goals, while firms with higher resource stocks may underestimate the status quo and reduce the adjustment of asset allocation, and even ignore the creation of energy-saving capabilities. We show empirical supports for our arguments using detailed data from Chinese government websites and the Chinese Industrial Enterprises Database for 510 firms in 2009. Our study highlights the micro-level contributors to energy saving and unveils unsustainability problems behind the success reflected in the data. Finally, we suggest that decision-makers should stress firm resource endowments when making policies and encourage firms to build comprehensive competence in pursuit of environmental performance.

Probing popular and political discourse on antimicrobial resistance in China

BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an increasing threat to global public health that is largely exacerbated by the overuse and misuse of antimicrobial medicines. As the largest antimicrobials producer and user in the world, China has a critical role to play in combatting AMR. By examining Chinese news articles and policy statements, we aim to provide an authentic understanding of public discourse in China on AMR.MethodsA search was conducted using two of the most comprehensive digital libraries for Chinese news media documents. Chinese policy documents were retrieved from official Chinese government websites. Records from June 2016 to May 2017 were included. Grounded theory was used to analyze included records, and we followed an iterative thematic synthesis process to categorize the key themes of each document.ResultsAcross 64 news articles, most articles delivered general knowledge about AMR and debunked AMR-related myths, explored the implications of AMR-relevant policies, and discussed the misuse of antimicrobials in the agricultural sector. All policy documents provided guidance for healthcare workers, encouraging them to better manage antimicrobial prescriptions and usage.ConclusionsWhile the Chinese media actively educates the public on strategies for AMR prevention, certain news articles risk misleading readers by downplaying the hazards of domestic AMR issues. Further, although several national policies are geared towards combatting AMR, the government faces difficult challenges in overcoming public misconceptions regarding antimicrobial use. Records from the regional level should also be examined to further explore China’s public discourse on AMR.

Impacts of government website information on social sciences and humanities in China: A citation analysis

The purpose of this research is to investigate the current state and trend of government website information cited by social science and humanities (SS&H) journal articles in China. The Chinese Social Science Citation Index (CSSCI) was used as the benchmark and the Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) journals as the reference samples. It analyzed 204,019 web citations (N=5,063,237) found in 925,506 articles that were published in CSSCI journals during the 1998–2009 period. The findings unveil that web citations accounted for only 4.03% of the total number of citations (N=5,063,237), and that citations of Chinese government websites constituted 6.6% of the total number of web citations (N=204,019). The study disclosed detailed information regarding citations derived from ministries and commissions directly under the State Council websites (N=69), government online media (N=7), government website citation subjects (N=21), and various types of government website information (N=5). Although government website information has limited influence on SS&H, their impact is currently growing rapidly. In comparison with international research community, influence of government web information on Chinese social science is higher, while its influence on humanities is lower. Essentially, Chinese scholars put emphasis on citing information from authoritative central government websites or highly visible state-owned media information as supporting evidences in their articles. In general, the citation of information from Chinese government website tends to hot social issues of society. Finally, it is necessary to promote the visibility of local government websites, to develop policies and guidelines to encourage the disclosure and the diversity of data, so that there will be more citation balances between social and technological topics.

Child Health and Nutrition: Getting better and facing new challenges in China.

Child healthcare practices in China over the last 60 years have extensively improved children's health and growth, yet new challenges lie ahead. This review aims to summarise the successful experiences and the newly identified problems in child healthcare in China. Information, available to the public, was obtained from Chinese databases and Chinese Government websites,chiefly the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database, the Chinese Biomedical Literature database, the Ministry of Health website and the National working committee on children and Women website During its poverty-stricken 1950s-1970s, China protected children's health mainly through prevention and control of common infectious diseases and severe malnutrition within a comprehensive healthcare system. After the subsequent 30 years of rapid socio-economic development, China has achieved great success in reducing childhood mortality rates and promoting child growth, meeting the Millennium Development Goal 4 targets and the WHO child growth standards. Meanwhile, new challenges for children's healthcare emerged, including: large disparities in the health, growth and nutritional status of children,and in the accessibility and quality of child healthcare, between urban and rural areas and across different regions of China; the nutritional and healthcare concerns of the fast-expanding population of migrant children and rural left-behind children; the burgeoning epidemic of childhood obesity in urban and economically developed areas; micronutrient deficiencies such as calcium, iron, zinc and vitamin A; and increasing prevalence of mental and behavioural disorders. Under poor economic conditions, healthcare plays a key role in protecting children against diseases. With the development of social economy, new challenges present to healthcare services, specifically, to comprehensively promote and optimise childrens' health and nutrition.

Public policies affecting ethnic minorities in China

The original hypothesis of this research was that China has developed public policies to protect the rights and interests of its ethnic minorities. Using literature and web materials from different sources, however, the authors were unable to obtain findings to test this hypothesis. Nevertheless, from an analysis of 31 articles and books, eight research and news websites, and three Chinese government websites, we found three discussion areas on the relationship between public policies and ethnic minorities in China. These three areas are the characteristics of ethnic minorities in China, the theoretical underpinnings of studies of ethnic minorities in China, and recent migration patterns that affect ethnic minority populations. Limited by using scarce resources from existing literature, including general demographic and government websites, this article analyses whether policies have been formed to help ethnic minorities to be economically and politically productive. 本研究最原先的假设是中国已发展了一系列的公共政策以保护境内少数民族的权益。但是，作者无法从不同的文献和网络等获得资料以考证这个假设。不过，通过对三十一篇文章和书籍，八个研究及新闻网站，和三个中国政府的官方网站的分析后，我们发现有关研究中国公共政策和少数民族关系的三个范畴。这三个领域包括:中国少数民族的特征，中国少数民族的理论基础研究，以及近代移民模式对少数民族的影响。用现今有限的文献，包括一般人口资料和政府网站，本文分析了协助少数民族提高经济和政治生产力的政策是否已经形成。

Current status and needs of Chinese e‐government users

PurposeThis article seeks to investigate unequal access of Chinese citizens to Chinese e‐government. The study promotes wide access to declassified and uncensored Chinese government information and services published on Chinese government web sites for Chinese citizens.Design/methodology/approachThis article reviews relevant literature and independent surveys as well as government survey reports in consecutive years. It investigates the current status and needs of the Chinese e‐government users – who they are, who are not and why not, as well as what they need to use and benefit from Chinese e‐government.FindingsThis article finds that the current Chinese e‐government is still at an immature stage and serves too few people. There is a need for Chinese e‐government information and services, but the awareness and usage of e‐government is very low among the Chinese people. People need all kinds of education and assistance, from general computer and internet literacy to specialized government information related education and assistance, all of which should be free or inexpensive.Research limitations/implicationsThis article suggests that research delving into the following questions needs to be done in future: what government information and services do people need; how do they search it; what are their experiences of using e‐government; what are their problems and solutions; and what improvements do they expect?Practical implicationsThe study exposes the problem of unequal access of Chinese citizens to Chinese e‐government.Originality/valueIt is important to regularly study the status and the needs of the users along with the Chinese e‐government development. Literature review shows that the research on Chinese e‐government tends to focus on the technical aspects. There is little research on the users. This article, from a librarian's perspective, provides better knowledge of the Chinese e‐government users and their deeper need to use and benefit from e‐government information and services.