Chinese Examination System Research Articles

Design on Online Examination System for College Chinese

College Chinese is a main course through the classic passing down Chinese excellent culture and college humanistic quality cultivation project, in order to improve the level of Chinese learning, promote informatization construction of language assessment, carries on the design to the College Chinese examination system, to lay the foundation for software development. Mainly for summary design, execution process design and data access component design. Among them, the summary design using hierarchical graph designed all functions of the system; execution process design using the system flow chart program designed system program of the complete execution process; data access components designed based on the ADO Object model, clarify the role of the main object and the realization method. Contents of this article has important significance for promoting college Chinese teaching, such as improving the quality of student language.

Det Chinesiske Examens-Væsen

Det “Chinesiske” Examens-Væsen[The “Chinese’’examination system]By K. E. BuggeGrundtvig's assaults on the educational practices of his time include attacks on “the Chinese examination system”. This surprising figure of speech is encountered in the initial sections of the third volume of his World History (1842), in which he deals inter alia with the first European sea-voyages to China in the early 16th century. In this context he describes the ponderous and exaggerated thoroughness in which the Chinese officials “examined” the Portuguese ships on their way to the harbour of Canton. Grundtvig, however, does not reveal any knowledge of the educational systems of China.According to Grundtvig’s footnotes his account is based on a comprehensive Portuguese publication, the Italian translation of which was accessible to him at the Royal Library in Copenhagen. The book is Fernando Lopes di Castagneda, Historia dell’ Indie Orientali (Venezia 1578). In this way we learn that Grundtvig was able to read Italian, a competence that of course was based on his supreme mastery of Latin.

Imagining the Chinese Examination System: Historical Nature and Modern Usefulness

Imagining the Chinese Examination System:Historical Nature and Modern Usefulness Thomas H. C. Lee (bio) Benjamin A. Elman . A Cultural History of Civil Examinations in Late Imperial China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000. xlii, 847 pp. Hardcover $85.00, ISBN0-520-21509-5. Liu Haifeng 劉海峰 . Kejuxue daolun 科舉學導論 (Introduction to the study of the imperial examination). Wuhan 武漢: Huazhong Shifan Daxue Chubanshe 華中師範大學出版社2005. iii, 465 pp. Paperback RMB 58, ISBN7-5622-3185-0. The study of the history of the examination system in China took on a double significance in 2005, as that year marked the one hundredth anniversary of the abolition of the keju system, which arguably was founded in 605 and was continued for exactly 1,300 years. The appearance at this time of the two books under review here is especially important, because they represent the most recent rethinking of the significance of the keju for Chinese civilization and indeed for all of human society. (Each book is published in both Chinese and English.) Liu Haifeng of Xiamen University is now recognized as the foremost authority on the subject in China, and his championing of "Civil Examination Studies" (he calls it "Imperial Examination Studies" [kejuxue]) as a proper genre of academic research has received support in the Chinese scholarly community. Kejuxue daolun is representative of his work and has been chosen for discussion here. Benjamin Elman of Princeton, who is the Western leader in the field, quite convincingly has called for a comprehensive rethinking of the cultural significance of the keju examinations in late Imperial China. Although A Cultural History of Civil Examinations in Late Imperial China came out only in 2000, he has been making his appeal for some time now. This huge work, at nearly nine hundred pages, has intimidated even the most diligent readers, and few have yet to write a review of it.1 Let me start with Elman's book. To begin with, it is necessary to reiterate that this is by far the most important study on the traditional Chinese civil examinations as practiced in the Ming and Qing periods. Its importance is measured by the extent to which it will influence [End Page 1] our understanding of the institution, and I dare say that it will indeed be talked about for many years to come as the definitive study on the subject. Elman makes the following important claims. First of all, the examination system should be understood in the context of cultural history and not simply as an aspect of the political or even the educational system. Second, the traditional Chinese examination system affected the changing structure of Chinese society and its cultural reproduction. More specifically, it influenced the pattern of social mobility and the family/lineage organization, the writing of textbooks and primers or elementary readers, and, above all, the development of scholarship and intellectual orientation. Third, the "eight-legged essays" were not necessarily such a bad literary style or examination form after all. The traditional Chinese disdain for it should be reexamined. Fourth, the examination system did not adversely affect the development of scientific studies, since there were questions on the examination that did test the candidates' knowledge about nature.2 Other claims by Elman are related to his advocacy of, or a generally revisionist approach to, the examination as a social and even cultural system; for example, the imperial Chinese government did not intend to use the system to exercise ideological control, and by 1500 evidentiary scholarship based on textual research (kaoju) or criticism (kaozheng) was already on the rise, thanks to the approach to the civil examination system during the Ming dynasty. All these claims are very important, and Elman documents them based on his meticulous research.3 Sometimes one must wonder if it was indeed necessary to do some of these extraordinarily detailed studies in order to support some minor point.4 Overall, however, the work is solid, comprehensive, and definitely persuasive. My first point will be brief. This concerns the old issue of "social mobility" that has cost so much time and effort on the part of modern students of the imperial examinations. While not refuting the conclusions of researchers such as Hart-well and...

Wolfgang Franke: The reform and abolition of the traditional Chinese examination system. (Chinese Economic and Political Studies. Special Series.) VIII, 100 pp. Cambridge, Mass.: Center for East Asian Studies, Harvard University, 1960. (Distributed by Harvard University Press. Distributed in G.B. by Oxford University Press. 20s.)

Wolfgang Franke: The reform and abolition of the traditional Chinese examination system. (Chinese Economic and Political Studies. Special Series.) VIII, 100 pp. Cambridge, Mass.: Center for East Asian Studies, Harvard University, 1960. (Distributed by Harvard University Press. Distributed in G.B. by Oxford University Press. 20s.) - Volume 26 Issue 2

The Reform and Abolition of the Traditional Chinese Examination System

The Reform and Abolition of the Traditional Chinese Examination System

The Reform and Abolition of the Traditional Chinese Examination System. By Wolfgang Franke. Cambridge: Center for East Asian Studies, Harvard University, 1960, viii, 100. Notes, Sources. $2.50. (paper)

The Reform and Abolition of the Traditional Chinese Examination System. By Wolfgang Franke. Cambridge: Center for East Asian Studies, Harvard University, 1960, viii, 100. Notes, Sources. $2.50. (paper) - Volume 21 Issue 1

Public Office in The Liao Dynasty and The Chinese Examination System

A systematic study of the first of China's great dynasties of conquest, Liao (907-1125), reveals its dual structure both in the sphere of economy and in the organization of the state. The Ch'itan masters entrusted important administrative functions to their Chinese subjects, particularly in the agricultural or southern region. But they took great care to reserve for themselves-and for a few reliable Chinese-the key positions of political and military power. Conforming to the dual pattern of government and society, the Ch'i-tan and Chinese roads to office diverged conspicuously.