Chinese Academy Of Engineering Research Articles

The global macroeconomic burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias: estimates and projections for 152 countries or territories

Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (ADODs) severely threaten the wellbeing of older people, their families, and communities, especially with projected exponential growth. Understanding the macroeconomic implications of ADODs for policy making is essential but under-researched. We used a health-augmented macroeconomic model to calculate the macroeconomic burden of ADODs for 152 countries or territories, accounting for: the effect on labour supply of reduced working hours of informal caregivers; the effect on labour supply of ADODs-related mortality and morbidity; age-sex-specific differences in education, work experience, labour market participations, and informal caregivers; and treatment and formal care costs diverting from savings and investments. ADODs will cost the world economy 14 513 billion international dollars (INT$, measured in the base year 2020; 95% uncertainty interval [UI] 12 106-17 778) from 2020 to 2050, equivalent to 0·421% (95% UI 0·351-0·515) of annual global GDP. Japan incurs the largest annual GDP loss at 1·463% (1·225-1·790). China (INT$2961 billion [2507-3564]), the USA (INT$2331 billion [1989-2829]), and Japan (INT$1758 billion [1471-2150]) face the largest absolute economic burdens. The economic burden of informal care ranges from 60·97% in high-income countries to 85·45% in lower-middle-income countries, and treatment and formal care costs range from 10·50% in lower-middle-income countries to 30·80% in high-income countries. The macroeconomic burden of ADODs is substantial and unequally distributed across countries and regions. Global efforts to reduce the burden, especially with regard to informal care, are urgently needed. National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health; Chinese Academy of Engineering; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; Davos Alzheimer's Collaborative through Data for Decisions.

Analyses of academician cohorts generate biased pandemic excess death estimates

ObjectiveDeath data from cohorts of academicians have been used to estimate pandemic excess deaths. We aimed to evaluate the validity of this approach. Study Design and SettingData were analyzed from living and deceased member lists from Mainland China, UK and Greece academies; and Nobel laureates (and US subset thereof). Samples of early elected academicians were probed for unrecorded deaths; datasets overtly missing deaths were excluded from further analyses. Actuarial risks were compared against the general population in the same country in respective age strata. Relative incidence risk increases in death in active pandemic periods were compared to population-wide pandemic excess death estimates for the same country. ResultsRoyal Society and Academy of Athens datasets overtly missed deaths. Prepandemic death rates were 4- to 12-fold lower in the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) vs respective age strata of the Mainland China population. A +158% relative increase in death risk was seen in CAE data during the first 12-month of wide viral spread. Both increases (+34% in British Academy) and decreases (−27% in US Nobel laureates) in death rates occurred in pandemic (2020-22) vs prepandemic (2017-19) years; point estimates were far from known excess deaths in the respective countries (+6% and +14%, respectively). Published excess death estimates for urban-dwelling Mainland China selectively analyzed CAE that had double the pandemic death rates than another Chinese academy (Chinese Academy of Sciences). ConclusionMissingness, lack of representativeness, large uncertainty, and selective analysis reporting make data from academy rosters unreliable for estimating general population excess deaths.

Estimated Excess Deaths Due to COVID-19 Among the Urban Population of Mainland China, December 2022 to January 2023.

Mainland China experienced a major surge in SARS-CoV-2 infections in December 2022-January 2023, but its impact on mortality was unclear given the underreporting of coronavirus disease 2019 deaths. Using obituary data from the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE), we estimated the excess death rate among senior CAE members by taking the difference between the observed rate of all-cause death in December 2022-January 2023 and the expected rate for the same months in 2017-2022, by age groups. We used this to extrapolate an estimate of the number of excess deaths in December 2022-January 2023 among urban dwellers in Mainland China. In December 2022-January 2023, we estimated excess death rates of 0.94 per 100 persons (95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.54, 3.16) in CAE members aged 80-84 years, 3.95 (95% CI = 0.50, 7.84) in 85-89 years, 10.35 (95% CI = 3.59, 17.71) in 90-94 years, and 16.88 (95% CI = 0.00, 34.62) in 95 years and older. Using our baseline assumptions, this extrapolated to 917,000 (95% CI = 425,000, 1.45 million) excess deaths among urban dwellers in Mainland China, much higher than the 81,000 in-hospital deaths officially reported from 9 December 2022 to 30 January 2023. As in many jurisdictions, we estimate that the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic had a much wider impact on mortality than what was officially documented in Mainland China.

Review and prospect of traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of hypertension

Hypertension, a primary cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, has become a major global public health problem and caused a heavy burden of health economics on the society. In "the 20 Most Important and Most Preventable Health Problems" released by the Chinese Academy of Engineering, hypertension was ranked the second. Due to the disease complexity, many hypertension patients need to take antihypertensive drugs for life. Although significant progress has been achieved in blood pressure lowering by western medicines, the problems including adverse reactions, poor compliance due to long-term medication, and ineffective mitigation in clinical symptoms related to hypertension remain to be addressed. In the last decade, the research on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) treatment of hypertension has received much attention and achieved remarkable progress. The TCM treatment of hypertension is the most active area of research with integrated Chinese and western medicine in China. In addition to lowering blood pressure smoothly, TCM can alleviate clinical symptoms, reverse risk factors, improve the quality of life, and protect target organs from the damage caused by hypertension. This article systematically reviews the research progress of TCM in treating hypertension in the last decade from the following four aspects: consensus on guideline, clinical trial, experimental study, and systematic review/Meta-analysis. It summarized the evidence of TCM in reducing blood pressure and clarified the mechanism of TCM in reducing blood pressure, aiming to provide a reference for the TCM diagnosis and treatment of hypertension and the development of new drugs.

Current status of public health system in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and improvement suggestion

Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) has three public health systems under different systems, which plays an important role in the construction of the public health system in China. Further strengthening the construction of the public health system in the GBA will play an important reference role in the optimization and upgrade of China's public health system in the future. Based on the key consulting project of "research on the strategy of the modern public health system and capacity building in China" by Chinese Academy of Engineering, this paper deeply analyzes the current status and existing problems of public health system construction in GBA and suggests to improve and innovate the mechanisms of collaborative prevention and control of public health risks, resource coordination and joint research and result sharing, information sharing and exchange, personnel training and team building in order to comprehensively improve the capacity of public health system in GBA, and promote the construction of Healthy China.

Shuangqing Forum on carbon neutrality in construction and architecture.

The Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) held the 326th Shuangqing Forum on 22 February 2023. As the first forum of 2023 and one of the first in-person activities post-COVID, a topic of national and global significance was chosen: the challenges, for basic sciences, of reaching carbon neutrality in construction and architecture. National Science Review (NSR) attended this forum, as several presentations related to materials science and information science would appeal to the broad audience of NSR. In the plenary session, four members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE), Profs. Jiaping Liu, Jianguo Wang, Weimin Zhuang and Hongyuan Mei, provided an overview of the challenges facing construction and architecture industries in the run-up to carbon neutrality.

The future of carbon-neutrality science and technology from an industrial transformation perspective: an interview with Hou-Liang Dai.

Since China announced that it will strive to achieve its carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060, it has determined to take steps, which will establish low carbon development and a transition to carbon neutrality, as part of its long-term strategy for sustainable development and prosperity. This will be both a huge challenge and an opportunity. To achieve the dual-carbon goals, the whole society must undergo a broad and profound systemic transformation, involving changes in energy, technology, economy, industry and lifestyle, etc. Carbon-neutrality science and technology should be the foundation of the transformation. Now, dual-carbon goals have become the focus, not just of scientific and technological circles [1], but of all society. Some Chinese scientists have put forward the concept of green carbon science (GCS) to promote rational and systematic scientific thinking on carbon science and sustainable development [2,3]. Additionally, hundreds of scientists and senior experts have participated in formulating the action plan and guiding the outline of basic research on the dual-carbon strategy and pathways, helping the country to formulate a timetable, roadmap and implementation plan for achieving carbon-peaking and carbon-neutralization goals in industries [4,5]. Among them, Hou-Liang Dai, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE), took part in a major consulting project of the CAE. He is famous for the development and application of highly efficient and environmentally friendly aromatic hydrocarbon technology and also a leader in high-quality development of the petrochemical industry [6]. He has been working in the petroleum and chemical industry for almost 40 years. Currently, he is the chairman of the China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC). NSR spoke to Hou-Liang Dai on the future of carbon-neutrality science and technology.

Investigating the mentorship effect on the academic success of young scientists: An empirical study of the 985 project universities of China

• Scientists’ research performance significantly affects their academic titles. • Mentor's academic titles increase a student's chance of academic success. • Mentors with academician titles have the highest moderating effects. • This is manifested through the social influence of the mentors’ status. This study intends to uncover the mentorship effect by investigating the impact of mentors’ academic titles and research performance on the academic success of young scientists. Drawing on the data of chemical scientists from China's 985 project universities, we demonstrate that the probability of young scientists acquiring academic success increases if their mentors are qualified Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) or Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) academicians. However, this positive effect may be insignificant or negative for improved academic performance. Additionally, the role of the mentors’ research performance in moderating the relationship between the young scientists' research performance and the probability of acquiring an academic title is not significant and may even be negative. Remarkably, our empirical results suggest that mentors with a CAS or CAE academician title and an increase of the young scientists’ H-index by 20 have equal effects on the probability that young scientists win an Excellent title. This raises concerns about the mentorship effect in China. The results have solid practical implications that are clarified at the end of this research.

Editorial

I am delighted to introduce this inaugural issue of the Complex System Modeling and Simulation (CSMS). CSMS is one of the high-start new-journal-projects of Excellence Action Plan of China Science and Technology Journals. This plan is jointly implemented by seven ministries and commissions including China Association for Science and Technology, Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China (PRC), Ministry of Education (MOE) of the PRC, Ministry of Science and Technology of the PRC, China National Press and Publication Administration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Chinese Academy of Engineering. It aims to promote the high-quality development of China's science and technology journals and to accelerate the construction of the world-class scientific and science and technology journals. The MOE is in charge of CSMS, sponsored by Tsinghua University China. China Tsinghua University Press Co., Ltd. is responsible for the manuscript editing and journal distribution, and sets up an editorial department to organize the editorial board for handling review process and special issues.

Preface

The 2020 Sustainability Innovation & Fashion Technology International Conference (SIFTIC 2020) was successfully held in Shanghai University of Engineering Science, China on October 15-17, 2020. Due to the COVID-19 prevention and control and travel restrictions, the conference also provided the form of online conference via online collaboration tool Zoom. SIFTIC 2020 aimed to provide a flexible platform for experts and scholars in the field of Textile Engineering, Textile Chemistry and Dyeing and Finishing Engineering, Fashion Engineering, Fashion Marketing Management, Fashion Art Design to disseminate the latest research achievements and advanced technologies, as well as to promote the cooperation between each other.SIFTIC 2020 is hosted by China Textile Engineering Society (CTES) and Shanghai University of Engineering Science (SUES), organized by Sino-British Joint Lab for Smart Sportswear of SUES and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Textile Chemistry and Cleaner Production, co-organized by Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), Shanghai International Fashion Innovation Center (SIFIC), Industry-Education Alliance of Fashion Sustainability (IEAFS), Shanghai Institute of Visual Arts (SIVA).On October 16, the opening ceremony of the conference was presided over by Prof. Jiping Wang, director of the academic committee of the School of Textiles and Fashion, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, China. Afterwards, Ms. Kerry M. King, President of American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC), Mr. Ruizhe Sun, Board chairman of China Textile Engineering Society (CTES) and Prof. Jianyong Yu, Academician, Chinese Academy of Engineering (ACE), President of Donghua University made opening speeches for the conference. Andthen, Prof. Yao Xiuping, vice president of Shanghai University of Engineering Science, announced the formal opening of the conference. During the conference, the conference model was divided into three sessions, including keynote speeches, oral presentations and online Q&A discussion.List of Conference Committees are available in this pdf.

Insulin Treatment Increased Fatality in COVID-19 Patients with Diabetes

Background: COVID-19 epidemic continues to spread rapidly around the world, causing severe multi-organ injury and high mortality in a subset of patients. Individuals with diabetes mellitus are at a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and worse outcomes than the general population without diabetes. While glucose control was observed to be associated with attenuated mortality, limited evidence is available to determine whether glucose control by insulin was beneficial for COVID-19 patients with diabetes.Methods: This retrospective study focused on a cohort of 689 COVID-19 patients from Wuhan, China, diagnosed with diabetes, and assessed the clinical outcomes associated with insulin treatment. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and proportional Cox regression were employed to analyze the influence of insulin treatment on all cause death.Results: Among the 689 diabetic patients infected with COVID-19, 106 patients died (fatality was 15.4%). The fatality of COVID-19 patients with diabetes treated with insulin was significantly higher than those without insulin treatment (27.2% vs. 3.5%, p Conclusion: According to this retrospective study, insulin treatment increases the mortality in COVID-19 patients with diabetes. Thus, close observation especially glucose and vital signs monitoring are very important when COVID-19 patients with diabetes treated with insulin.Funding: This work was supported in part by projects from Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No. 2020YFC0844500), Nature Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31130031), Emergency project fund of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2020YJFK0105) and Chinese Academy of Engineering and Ma Yun Foundation (No. 2020-CMKYGG-05). Conflict of Interest: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.Ethical Approval: This study was approved by the institutional review board of Tongji Hospital (IRBID: TJ-IRB20200229). The written informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee because of the retrospective and anonymous nature of the data.

Inaugural editorial: Energy Conversion and Economics

Inaugural editorial: <i>Energy Conversion and Economics</i>

New SI and precision measurements: an interview with Tianchu Li.

On 13–16 November 2018, the 26th General Conference of Weights and Measures (CGPM) was held in Paris. The conference adopted Resolution A on ‘Revision of the International System of Units (SI).’ According to Resolution A: four of the SI basic units, namely kilograms, amps, kelvin and mole, are defined by the Planck constant h, the basic charge constant e, the Boltzmann constant k and the Avogadro constant NA, respectively. This establishes the basic quantities and units in SI on a series of constants. The new SI was officially launched on 20 May 2019. This is the most significant change and a milestone in the history of metrology since the Metre Convention was signed in 20 May 1875. Professor Tianchu Li, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, has been working on time and frequency standards for 37 years. In this interview, Prof. Li reviews the quantization and constant evolutions of the second and meter, and introduces the redefinitions of ampere, kelvin, kilogram and mole, and their significance for precision measurements.

Origin and Operation of the Chinese Academy of Engineering: An Interaction between Expertise and Politics

ABSTRACTThe Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) is one of the most important engineering institutions for Chinese engineers. The formal establishment of CAE, from its original conception in 1978 to its final birth in 1994, took almost 20 years. At present it has been in existence for two decades. Both the former decades-long emergence and the latter decades-long operation of CAE can be interpreted in terms of an interaction between expertise and politics. To understand the CAE’s origins and operation, this paper will first examine how ‘engineering’ and ‘engineer’ have slightly different meanings in the historical and cultural context of China than in the West. Then it will focus on the decades-long creation of the CAE. In the 1970s, the proposal for a Chinese engineering academy was initiated by scientist and engineer members of the Chinese Academy of Science, as a result of both domestic and international influences. Through the 1980s and 90s, a few politicians jointly with those scientists and engineers made a crucial contribution to the founding of the CAE. Finally, the article offers an account of CAE’s structure and operation during the first twenty years of its existence.

Development Trend of Laser Technology Application in the Information Field Toward 2035

Laser technology has been widely used in the field of information since it was invented and has promoted the rapid development of information technology, which has become the main driving force for the development of information technology. “Strategic Research on China’s Laser Technology and Its Application in Information by 2035” is a key sub-project of the major consulting project “Strategic Research on China’s Laser Technology and Its Application by 2035” launched by the Chinese Academy of Engineering. It aims to conduct a comprehensive research on the application of laser technology in the information field and on the development of related industries in China; analyze the development trend of laser technology in the information field; and propose suggestions to promote the development of the field. This paper introduces the major application of several laser technologies—optical communication, laser display, optical storage, and optical sensing—in the information field, and analyzes the research and development status of laser technology, the major key technologies, and the development of related industries in China and abroad. To promote the laser technology application in the information field, we suggest that China should establish key research directions and promote the development of core technologies; build an industrial innovation platform to improve technological innovation; lay emphasis on intellectual property protection and strengthen the training of high-end talents; guide the cooperation of government, industry, education, and research to promote achievement transformation; increase policy support and guide the healthy development of the industry; exploit the advantages of industrial agglomeration to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises.

XV International Russian-Chinese Symposium “Advanced Materials and Processes”

The publication includes works presented at the XV International Russian-Chinese Symposium “Advanced Materials and Processes” (October 16-19, 2019, Sochi, Russia). From the Russian side, the organizers of the Symposium are Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IMET RAS), Federal Research Center “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. From the Chinese side are the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Nonferrous Metals Industry Association, the Nonferrous Metals Society of China, and Beijing Central Institute of Nonferrous Metals.The symposium has been regularly held since 1991, once every two years, alternately in Russia and China. The Symposium program covers all relevant areas of modern materials science in the field of fundamental and applied research and development of new advanced materials and technologies.The presented works are devoted to the study of metal, ceramic and composite materials for aviation and space technology, energy technology, electronics, energy-saving and “green” technologies. The issues of development of the structural and functional materials with special properties, biomedical materials, catalysts, as well as the use of rare metals and high-purity substances are considered. The results of recent advances in the development of laser-information and additive technologies for the manufacture of the products of complex configuration are presented.All the papers have been peer reviewed and recommended for publication by the Symposium Program Committee.The Symposium was organized with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 19-03-20042.

The Flow Network of Chinese Scientists and Its Driving Mechanisms Based on the Spatial Development Path of CAS and CAE Academicians

Scientists are a core element of regional technological innovation and economic growth. Academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) are outstanding representatives of Chinese scientists. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the characteristics of Chinese scientists’ space migration, depict the structural topology of their flow network and to analyze the driving mechanisms behind the characteristics of their space migration. We mainly used spatial statistics, complex network analysis, and a modified location quotient. Our main conclusions are as follows: (1) The spatial distribution of Chinese scientists at different development stages tends to converge. The Chinese scientists’ birthplaces are highly concentrated in the eastern coastal areas and the Yangtze River basin. Education locations are highly consistent, with clusters of global high-level educational resources at home and abroad, and their workplaces are mainly distributed in economically developed cities. (2) In terms of network characteristics, the spatial heterogeneity of the growth of Chinese scientists is obvious. Only a few cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Nanjing, have higher degrees of node centrality, strength centrality, and betweenness centrality, so their networks’ hierarchical structures are pyramid-shaped and their core-periphery structures are prominent. By identifying the roles of the cities as network nodes, we found that only Beijing plays accomplished and stable roles, whereas other cities play a single role. (3) Regarding driving mechanisms, Chinese scientists’ spatial migration has been influenced by national policy, regional economic level, education level, and individual traits at national, regional, and personal scales. Therefore, the combined effects of various forces have driven the evolution of the flow network of Chinese scientists.

Toward Intelligent Machine Tool

Abstract With the development of modern information technology—and particularly of the new generation of artificial intelligence (AI) technology—new opportunities are available for the development of the intelligent machine tool (IMT). Based on the three classical paradigms of intelligent manufacturing as defined by the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the concept, characteristics, and systemic structure of the IMT are presented in this paper. Three stages of machine tool evolution—from the manually operated machine tool (MOMT) to the IMT—are discussed, including the numerical control machine tool (NCMT), the smart machine tool (SMT), and the IMT. Furthermore, the four intelligent control principles of the IMT—namely, autonomous sensing and connection, autonomous learning and modeling, autonomous optimization and decision-making, and autonomous control and execution—are presented in detail. This paper then points out that the essential characteristic of the IMT is to acquire and accumulate knowledge through learning, and presents original key enabling technologies, including the instruction-domain-based analytical approach, theoretical and big-data-based hybrid modeling technology, and the double-code control method. Based on this research, an intelligent numerical control (INC) system and industrial prototypes of IMTs are developed. Three intelligent practices are conducted, demonstrating that the integration of the new generation of AI technology with advanced manufacturing technology is a feasible and convenient way to advance machine tools toward the IMT.

Disaster Risk Reduction Knowledge Service: A Paradigm Shift from Disaster Data Towards Knowledge Services

Earthquakes have caused tremendous damage in China and around the world; the Wenchuan earthquake that occurred in China 10 years ago is among the deadliest earthquakes in history. The importance of earthquake monitoring and seismic data analysis is now recognized in China. However, the effective dissemination of earthquake-related disaster risk reduction (DRR) knowledge to decision-makers and the public has not been adequately addressed. Under the auspices of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the International Knowledge Centre for Engineering Science and Technology (managed by the Chinese Academy of Engineering) launched the Disaster Risk Reduction Knowledge Service in 2016. This service, based on the development of disaster metadata standards, was constructed to share disaster information and provide thematic knowledge services; it facilitates the integration and sharing of disaster data, disaster maps, expert opinions, institutional knowledge, research literature, and videos. A series of earthquake DRR knowledge services applications have been implemented using this knowledge service platform, including (1) a global earthquake daily distribution map service, (2) a spatiotemporal map of historical earthquakes in the One Belt One Road region, (3) a Wenchuan earthquake disaster relief knowledge service, and (4) a thematic knowledge service for disaster relief work and contingency planning during the Jiuzhaigou earthquake. In the long term, this system will support the conversion of disaster data into DRR knowledge and provide services for international organizations, government institutions, research and educational institutions, enterprises, and the general public.

基于能值分析的环太湖城市群生态经济系统可持续发展研究

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于能值分析的环太湖城市群生态经济系统可持续发展研究 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201801050028 作者: 作者单位: 中国工程院,清华大学公共管理学院,中国工程院战略咨询中心,北京航空航天大学经济管理学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 中国工程院重大咨询项目（2017-ZD-08-05）；清华大学绿色经济与可持续发展研究中心研究子项目（20153000181）；国家自然科学基金应急管理项目（L172400027） Sustainable development of an ecological-economic system in the Taihu Lake city cluster based on emergy analysis Author: Affiliation: the Chinese Academy of Engineering,,, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:采用能值理论与分析方法，研究2015年环太湖城市群生态经济系统的能值流量，并构建多维度的生态经济系统指标体系，综合评价环太湖城市群可持续发展程度和健康水平。研究结果表明：（1）可更新资源利用不足，在能值利用总量中占比最大值仅为7.95%；（2）不可更新资源消耗过度，在能值利用总量中占比最小值达到56.95%；（3）（除苏州市外）可更新资源产品中肉类与水产品占比最小值已达63.08%，急需对传统的农业结构进行调整；（4）不可更新资源产品均以水泥和钢铁为主，占比最小值已达88.02%，应该加快传统的工业转型升级；（5）输入能值占比最大值仅为36.27%，商品进出口呈现贸易顺差，对外经济开放仍有发展空间；（6）废弃物与可更新能值比率最大值仅为12.8%，废弃物能值比最小值仅为0.19%，废弃物排放和利用水平有待提高；（7）湖州市可持续指标ESI和能值可持续发展指标EISD为1.59和2.99，在环太湖城市群中更具可持续发展潜力；（8）苏州市健康能值指数EUEHI和改进的健康能值指数EUEHI'为8.22和1.65，在环太湖城市群中健康水平较低。据此结果提出了有助于环太湖城市群经济社会发展与自然生态环境和谐共赢的可持续发展对策。 Abstract:In this study, we utilized an emergy analysis method to examine emergy flow, establish a variety of emergy indices of the social-economic natural subsystem, and evaluate sustainable development and health levels in the ecological-economic system in the Taihu Lake city cluster in 2015. The results showed the following:(1) renewable resources are insufficiently utilized, and the maximum proportion of renewable resources in the total emergy utilization was only 7.95%; (2) non-renewable resources are consumed too extensively, and the minimum proportion of non-renewable resources in total emergy utilization was 56.95%; (3) the traditional agricultural structure in the Taihu Lake city cluster, except the city of Suzhou, must be adjusted urgently because that the minimum proportion of meat and aquatic products in renewable resource products has reached 63.08%; (4) we should accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries as a minimum of 88.02% are currently producing products from non-renewable resources, primarily cement and steel; (5) we must accelerate the opening up of trade to the outside world, because the maximum proportion of input emergy is only 36.27% and merchandise import and export exhibits a favorable trade balance; (6) the level of waste emission and utilization needs to be improved, because the current maximum ratio of waste emergy to renewable emergy is only 12.8%, and the minimum ratio of waste emergy to total emergy utilization is only 0.19%; (7) within the Taihu Lake city cluster, the city of Huzhou has greater potential for sustainable development, because its sustainable index (ESI) and emergy sustainable development index (EISD) are 1.59 and 2.99, respectively; (8) the city of Suzhou exhibits a low level of health of the cities in the Taihu Lake city cluster, with a health emergy index (EUEHI) and an improved health emergy index (EUEHI') of 8.22 and 1.65, respectively. Based on the above results, this paper proposes some countermeasures to advance the sustainable development of the ecological-economic system in the Taihu Lake city cluster. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献