Chilka Lake Research Articles

Report on <i>Phaeophila dendroides</i> (Crouan) Batters Endophytic in <i>Rosenvingea intricata</i> (J. Ag.) Boergs.

Phaeophila dendroides (Crouan) Batters is reported here for the first time from North India from Chilka Lake. While the species is known as an endophyte in several marine algae belonging to Chlorophyta and Rhodophyta and a few marine Spermatophyta, it is reported here for the first time in a Phaeophyta in Roservingea intricata (J. Ag.) Boergs. The endophyte from Chilka Lake is described in some detail.

<I>Rosenvingea intricata</I> (J. Agardh) Borgs., a Phaeophyceae New to Chilka Lake in India

Rosenvitigea intricala (J. Agardh) Borgs, a brown sea-weed is reported here for the first time from Chilka Lake in Orissa. The structure of the alga is described in detail. The habitat and geographical distribution of the alga are briefly discussed. A Chaetophoraceous alga occurring as an endophyte in Rosenvingea intricala (J. Agardh) Borgs, is referred to.

Ecosystem richness degradation assessment from elevated hydro-chemical properties of Chilka Lake, India

ABSTRACT A hydrogeochemical analysis of Chilka Lake Ramsar sites has been conducted to measure the surface water quality status and ecological suitability for aquatic habitats. Degree of contamination, water quality index and ecological risk index field-based techniques were employed to analyse the hydro-chemical properties using 48 water samples from across the entire Ramsar region. Among them, 14 predominant factors were identified. The Ramsar area is categorized into five water quality and ecological risk zones with reference to Indian and World Health Organization water quality standards. This field-based study reveals that in the southern, southeastern, and central parts, about 9.89% and 16.12% of areas experienced very poor and poor water quality standards, respectively. Thus, this research work will help government authorities and policymakers formulate appropriate strategies and regulations for controlling and reducing the contamination levels in the Chilka Ramsar region.

Culture Possibilities of Grass Carp, <i>Ctenopharyngodon idella</i>, Val., In Pens of Low Saline Brackishwater Areas Of Chilka Lake

Studies were carried out at the low saline (2-7%%) brackishwater areas of Chilka lake. Three experiments were set to explore the culture possibilities of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella in terms of growth and survival, effects of pen rearing system and control of a brackishwater weed, Potamogeton pectinatus by biological means. Three pens, having an water area of 0.5 ha each, were barricaded by knitted bomboo strips ( 5 - 1 5 111111 dia) and the space between the strips were 8 - 10 mm. The grass carp were stocked at the rate of 1200, 600 and 300 nos/ha in pens I, II and I I I , respectively, for a period of 62 days without fertilization, manuring and artificial feeding. It was noticed that the aquatic weed served as a good source of feed for the grass carp. The survival in pens I, II and III were 68.6%, 87.2% and 58.3%, respectively. The growth rate of grass carp was 1.69 g/day in pen I, 1.61 g/day in pen II and 3.6 g/day in pen III

White Spot Disease Outbreak in Confined Rain-fed Shrimp Culture Ponds of Chilka Lake: A Case Study

Incidence of large-scale mortality of cultured shrimp due to white spot disease caused by the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) has been recorded from the confined rain-fed pond culture system in Haridas and Kusubenti villages of Chilka Lake, Orissa (India). Gross signs and symptoms of the disease and behavioural changes in shrimp were observed. Some of the soil and water quality parameters have been analysed and no adverse conditions could be observed. Detailed histopathological observations made on the moribund shrimp indicated the presence of WSSV. The probable source of the disease transmission in the confined culture system is discussed.

Resolution of the identity of the goby Glossogobius mas Hora, 1923 (Perciformes: Gobiidae) described from Chilka Lake, Odisha, India

Resolution of the identity of the goby Glossogobius mas Hora, 1923 (Perciformes: Gobiidae) described from Chilka Lake, Odisha, India

Hydrogeochemical characterization based water resources vulnerability assessment in India's first Ramsar site of Chilka lake

A limnological site is significantly characterized by rich biological, chemical, and physical properties of the environment and is also described as the epitome of a large aquatic ecosystem. During the last few decades, the Chilka lake Ramsar site has experienced substantial degradation of water quality with associated deterioration of aquatic biodiversity. Our study aims to quantify the VWRM of the Chilka lake Ramsar region using the most reliable MLAs, namely ANN and RF, with the help of seventeen hydro-chemical properties of lake water. The produced map is validated through six validating measures (ROC-AUC- 0.89, Sensitivity-0.90, Specificity-0.78, PPV-0.78, NPV-0.88, Taylor diagram (r)-0.94), which depict that ANN is the most reliable ML algorithm in assessing the VWRM of the concerned region followed by RF. The prepared map of our study revealed that the eastern part was remarkably high to very high vulnerable zone covered area with 22.41% and 7.19%, respectively.

Orthopyroxene megacrysts from the Chilka Lake anorthosite massif, Eastern Ghats, India: a clue to magmatic evolution

Orthopyroxene megacrysts from the Chilka Lake anorthosite massif, Eastern Ghats, India: a clue to magmatic evolution

REE–HFSE–rich, Titanite-bearing Syenite - Pyroxenite Intrusive Suite from the Chilka Lake Domain of the Northeastern Eastern Ghats Belt

Abstract A suite of REE - HFSE - rich syenite and associated clinopyroxenite hosted in charnockitic orthogneisses of the northeastern part of the Eastern Ghats province, south of the Mahanadi shear zone has been recorded for the first time. The mode of emplacement, petrography, mineralogy, chemistry and economic significance in terms of the REE and HFS elements of this magmatic suite of intrusive rocks are presented and discussed. The coarse grained syenite, composed mainly of Ba-bearing (with up to 8 wt% BaO) K-feldspar (hyalophane), and accessory greenish clinopyroxene is the main rock type of this magmatic unit. Associated segregations of clinopyroxene cumulates has formed a greenish grey coarse-grained pyroxenite. Sporadic concentration of sphene (titanite) in irregular patches in the syenite is also observed which displays high radioactivity. Sphene along with allanite, thorite, monazite and other REE bearing phases are characterized by high abundance of total-REE and HFSE. The syenite and pyroxenite do not exhibit features of discernible post-emplacement deformation and metamorphism and may represent a late-tectonic event of ferroan-felsic magmatism in the Chilka lake domain of the northeastern Eastern Ghats belt.

An integrated geomorphological and geophysical study of neotectonic activity: Analysis of heavy siltation in the Chilka Lake of Odisha, India

An integrated geomorphological and geophysical study of neotectonic activity: Analysis of heavy siltation in the Chilka Lake of Odisha, India

CRITICALANALYSIS ON THE POEMS OF JAYANTA MAHAPATRA WITH REFERENCE TO THE ECO-CRITICAL PRAXIS: ECO-POETICS AND CULTURAL ECOLOGY.

Jayanta Mahapatra is one of the doyens of Indian English literature. Being an Indo- Anglican writer, he came to the literary arena in his later half of his life. He was then conferred with Sahitya Akademy award for his seminal work Relationship in 1981. This gave him the title of a modern Indian writer among the international literary circle. Most of his works are bound to the culture of Orissa and his works are rich in images picked from Bhubaneswar, Konarka, Puri and Chilka lake. He is a patron of Indian civilization and an ardent ghter against environmental concerns, social issues and political inequalities. Reading Mahapatra’s poems under Ecocritical praxis is an interesting realm of inquest where he has penned his genuine concerns and cultural tracks through his poems. Eco-poetic aspects are abundant in his poems that Mahapatra reconnects the human activity with nature and also resist the current human intervention in this exploitive capitalistic world. Cultural ecology has a deep connection in his poems that his characters are the testimonies of the reconnection between man and nature. Irrespective of his age, he is still an ardent writer who has a vision for optimistic posterity.

Seismic anisotropy and mantle deformation beneath Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt using direct-S waves

Seismic anisotropy observations provide a potential tool to constrain the signatures of various continental-scale deformations that have shaped the lithospheric structure of various mobile belts and ancient cratons across the world. They shed light on various aspects of evolutionary tectonics in any region. The current study primarily aims at examining the direct S-wave derived seismic anisotropy beneath the Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt (EGMB) and the adjacent Archean Singhbhum and Bastar Cratons. The granulite Terrane of EGMB represents the complex deformational history and is a crucial link in the reconstruction of Rodinia and Gondwana supercontinents. The Terrane underwent collision and rifting in Mesoproterozoic, followed by thermal overprint of the mid-Neoproterozoic to early Phanerozoic orogeny modifying its lithospheric structure. We have implemented the Reference Station Technique and obtained 854 well-constrained individual splitting measurements. The observations are based on 185 earthquake events (with Mw⩾5.5, and epicentral distance ranging 30° to 90°) recorded at 27 seismic stations deployed in the study area. The large splitting delay times (1.2–2.3 s) suggest that the lithospheric mantle is highly anisotropic. The NNE-SSW oriented Fast Polarization Directions (FPDs) observed at the Singhbhum Craton can be devoted to the evolutionary tectonic regime of the craton. The strained minerals at the deeper depths, result in FPD patterns sub-parallel to the Kerajung Fault Zone (~70°) in the Angul Domain. The FPDs are predominantly oriented along the Absolute Plate Motion (APM) direction of the Indian plate (~39°) for the Bastar Craton. However, the varying FPD patterns in the Eastern Ghats Boundary Shear Zone (Khariar Domain) signify the influence of the lithospheric deformation along with APM. The imprints of the continental building orogenies, that have modified the lithospheric structure of the study area over the Mesoproterozoic, mid-Neoproterozoic, and early Phanerozoic periods, are preserved as frozen anisotropic signatures. Our observations highlight these signatures. The study also investigates seismic anisotropic patterns in the hitherto uncharted regions close to Chilka Lake using the core-mantle refracted (SKS, SKKS, and PKS) and direct S phases. The markedly distinct E-W (average ~95°) oriented fast wave azimuths, against the ~47° average FPD of the adjacent western Phulbani Domain, distinguishes it as a separate block amongst the collage of domains forming the Eastern Ghats Province.

Confirmation on the occurrence of Cymothoa indica, and first record of Norileca indica, with a note on new host records of Nerocila arres, and Nerocila depressa (Isopoda: Cymothoidae) from Odisha coast, India.

The parasitic isopod Cymothoa indica Schiöedte and Meinert, 1884 was recorded from the buccal cavity of the host Glossogobius giuris (Hamilton, 1822) collected from Chilka Lake, Odisha in 1924, but its identification was doubtful as mentioned by the author in his book on "Fauna of Chilika Lake: Tanaidacea and Isopoda". The present report of parasitic isopodC. indicafrom the buccal cavity of the host Sphyraena obtusata Cuvier, 1833 collected from the water of Bay of Bengal, Gopalpur-on-Sea confirms its occurrence along the Odisha coast. The record of the isopod parasite Norileca indica (H. MilneEdwards, 1840) from the branchial cavity of the host Atule mate (Cuvier, 1833) collected from the water of Bay of Bengal, Gopalpur-on-Sea is the first record of this parasite from the coastal water of Odisha, India. The record of Nerocila arres Bowman and Tareen, 1983 from the caudal peduncle of the host fish species Terapon puta Cuvier, 1829, and the isopod N. depressa Milne Edwards, 1840 from the host fish species Megalaspis cordyla (Linnaeus, 1758) are the new host records for these respective parasites.

Origin of orthopyroxene-bearing felsic gneiss from the perspective of ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism: an example from the Chilka Lake migmatite complex, Eastern Ghats Belt, India

AbstractOrthopyroxene-bearing felsic gneiss occurs as foliation-parallel layers and bands together with aluminous granulite, mafic granulite, and quartzofeldspathic granulite in the Chilka Lake migmatite complex of the Proterozoic Eastern Ghats Belt, India. The rock was classified previously as charnockite which underwent granulite-facies metamorphism. Field and textural features of this rock show evidence of the partial melting of a biotite-bearing greywacke protolith. Orthopyroxene with/without garnet and cordierite were produced with K-feldspar as peritectic phases of incongruent melting of presumed metaluminous sediments. Fluid-inclusion data suggest the presence of high-density CO2-rich fluids during peak metamorphism, which are similar to those found in associated aluminous granulite. Whole-rock major and trace element data show wide variability of the source materials whereas REE distributions show enriched LREE and flat HREE patterns. Zircon grains from representative samples show the presence of inherited cores having spot dates (SHRIMP) in the range c. 1790–3270 Ma. The overgrowth on zircon was formed predominantly during c. 780–730 Ma and sporadically during c. 550–520 Ma. Some neoblastic zircons with c. 780–730 Ma ages are also present. U-rich dark zones surrounding cores appear partially metamictised, but spot ages from this zone vary within c. 1000–900 Ma. The <1000 Ma ages represent metamorphism that mirrors the events in associated aluminous granulite. The sources of metaluminous sediments are speculative as the rock compositions are largely modified under granulite-facies metamorphism and partial melting. Considering the accretionary tectonic setting of the Eastern Ghats Belt during the c. 1000–900 Ma time frame, a greywacke-type protolith for the migmatite complex has been proposed.

A new species of Ogyrides (Decapoda, Caridea, Ogyrididae) from Kuwait

Abstract A new species of telescope shrimp, Ogyrides sindibadi sp. nov. is described from Kuwait. The new species is morphologically similar to O. striaticauda Kemp, 1915, originally described from Chilka Lake (India), but can be distinguished by the shape of the scaphocerite, the much longer dactylus of the third pereiopod, as well as the shape of the distal margin of the telson.

New Occurrence of Sapphirine–spinel–bearing Granulite from NW of Chilka Lake, Eastern Ghats Belt, Odisha

Abstract A new locality of sapphirine-spinel-bearing granulites from the Kaithapalli area which lies NW of Chilka Lake, Odisha is reported. The area tectonically forms a northern part of Eastern Ghats belt. It occurs as small enclaves within the khondalite and pelitic granulite. The mineral assemblage includes spinel-sapphirine-garnet-cordierite-orthopyroxene-sillimanite-biotite-k-feldspar-plagioclase-quartz. Development of reaction textures and symplectites are common in the sapphirine-spinel granulites which have been used to describe reaction history. The relative XMg values among various minerals are as follows: cordierite > biotite > sapphirine > orthopyroxene > garnet > spinel. The P-T evolution of these sapphirine-spinel granulites constrained through the pseudosection modelling in the NCKFMASH model system using Perple_X software indicate conditions of ultra-high temperature (UHT) metamorphism. The P-T estimates computed by isopleths define a retrograde trajectory with decompression of c.2.5 kbar from P-Tmax of c.10.5 kbar at c.950 °C. The sequence of reactions as deduced from the symplectite assemblages, together with pseudosection modelling, from the Kaithapalli area, offer greater opportunities for providing a better picture of petrological evolution of northern part of the Eastern Ghats Belt (EGB).

Thalassiosira mala (Bacillariophyta), a potentially harmful, marine diatom from Chilka Lake and other coastal localities of Odisha, India: Nomenclature, frustule morphology and global biogeography

Our examination of net phytoplankton collected from coastal localities in Odisha on the east coast of India, including Chilka Lake, Chandrabhaga Beach and Puri, in December 2015, revealed the overwhelming dominance of Thalassiosira mala, a gelatinous colony-forming, potentially harmful, marine planktonic diatom. The large numbers of cells allowed us to observe details of the cingulum not previously reported. The epicingulum is composed of four open bands including an areolated valvocopula, an areolated copula and two non-areolated pleurae. The immature hypocingulum includes at least two bands. Openings of alternate bands are arranged in a dextral pattern. Based on previous reports from the west coast and our current findings, Thalassiosira mala appears to be a common, widely distributed primary producer in Indian coastal waters. The presence of morphologically similar species, especially those <20 μm in diameter, underscores the importance of reliable species-level taxonomy using appropriate techniques for meaningful ecological and biogeographic considerations and for monitoring potentially harmful algae in India’s economically important coastal waters. Published reports suggest that Thalassiosira mala is widely distributed in temperate and tropical waters, present in 26 of 232 ecoregions and 18 of 62 provinces recognized in a recent classification of coastal marine ecoregions.

Construction of rainfall change scenarios over the Chilka Lagoon in India

The present study attempted to quantify long-term seasonal and annual rainfall change for the period 1901–2004 over the Chilka Lagoon in India, the second largest lagoon in the world using multiple gridded data sources. The future rainfall projection is also constructed using the four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) of the Global Circulation Models (GCMs) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5). Skill of GCMs to simulate the observed rainfall over the lagoon was investigated through estimation of long-term trends and comparison of mean seasonal cycles using Taylor diagram. Finally based on the combined results obtained through trend analysis as well as seasonal cycles, 12 better performing GCMs were selected. Ensemble mean of better performing GCMs reveal that the rainfall in annual, monsoon and winter seasons have increased in the last century similar to three observational gridded data sources. The projected seasonal cycle of rainfall from different RCPs shows a dipole like characteristics where the drier (winter) and moist (monsoon) seasons show a surplus of rainfall (11–25%) while the premonsoon and the postmonsoon seasons show a deficient rainfall (3–52%) at the end of 21st century. It is interesting to note that the Chilka Lake will expected to receive an increasing amount of annual rainfall by 3–7% in 2020s, 7–11% in 2050s and 10–21% in 2080s. Ensemble mean of future downscaled scenarios revealed that the annual rainfall will increase slightly higher rate as compared to without downscaling indicating high uncertainty in future projection.

Assessment of soil and source water characteristics of disused shrimp ponds in selected coastal states of India and their suitability for resuming aquaculture

The key objective of this study was to assess the suitability of soil and source water quality of abandoned shrimp farms in selected coastal states of India, for resuming aquaculture activities. Soil samples along with associated source water were collected from 60 disused shrimp ponds in different districts of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Odisha and Kerala and analysed for basic physico-chemical parameters. Results of the analysis indicated that the reason for disuse might be reduction in price/repeated occurrences of diseases and that the sampled farms are suitable for aquaculture use. Most of the soil in Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu are suitable for aquaculture without any remediation. Few ponds in Jagatsingpur and Puri districts of Odisha and Kerala needs simple remediation measures like application of lime to increase the soil pH. Source water in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Odisha (Harishpur Creek, Budhabalanga Creek and the coastal canal) fall under high saline areas and are suitable for culture of tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon, white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and finfishes like Asian seabass Lates calcarifer and mullets whereas, Kerala and northern parts of Chilka Lake of Odisha fall under low saline areas and are suitable for culture of white shrimp L. vannamei and pearlspot Etroplus suratensis.

Assessment of soil and source water characteristics of disused shrimp ponds in selected coastal states of India and their suitability for resuming aquaculture

The key objective of this study was to assess the suitability of soil and source water quality of abandoned shrimp farms in selected coastal states of India, for resuming aquaculture activities. Soil samples along with associated source water were collected from 60 disused shrimp ponds in different districts of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Odisha and Kerala and analysed for basic physico-chemical parameters. Results of the analysis indicated that the reason for disuse might be reduction in price/repeated occurrences of diseases and that the sampled farms are suitable for aquaculture use. Most of the soil in Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu are suitable for aquaculture without any remediation. Few ponds in Jagatsingpur and Puri districts of Odisha and Kerala needs simple remediation measures like application of lime to increase the soil pH. Source water in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Odisha (Harishpur Creek, Budhabalanga Creek and the coastal canal) fall under high saline areas and are suitable for culture of tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon , white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and finfishes like Asian seabass Lates calcarifer and mullets whereas, Kerala and northern parts of Chilka Lake of Odisha fall under low saline areas and are suitable for culture of white shrimp L. vannamei and pearlspot Etroplus suratensis .