Children's Ego-resiliency Research Articles

부모의 성취압력과 아동의 행복감의 관계에서 자아탄력성과 미디어 중독의 매개효과

The purpose of this study was to examine how parents' achievement pressure affects children's happiness, and to examine the mediating effects of children's ego resilience and media device addiction in the relationship between parents' achievement pressure and children's happiness. To this end, the data of 1,393 people from the 12th (2019) Korean Children's Panel data of the Childcare Policy Research Institute were used. For data analysis, Cronbach's α, frequency and percentage, average analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, three-step regression analysis, and Sobel test were performed using the SPSS 26.0 program. As a result of the study, first, parental achievement pressure was a factor that negatively affected children's happiness, and the higher the level of parental achievement pressure, the lower the child's happiness. Second, it was found that there was a partial mediating effect of children's self-resilience in the effect of parents' achievement pressure on children's happiness. Third, it was found that there was a partial mediating effect of children's addiction to media devices in the effect of parents' achievement pressure on children's happiness. Through this study, it was found that parents' achievement pressure negatively affects children's happiness, and in this relationship, children's high self-resilience has a positive partial mediating effect on children's happiness, and children's high media addiction has a negative partial mediating effect on children's happiness. These results are significant in that they give implications for important variables to consider when planning programs to improve children's happiness in the future

Structural Relationship Between Mothers’ Play Beliefs, Parenting Behavior, Children’s Playfulness, and Children’s Ego-Resilience

Objectives: This study analyzed the structural relationship between mothers’ play beliefs, parenting behavior, children’s playfulness, and children’s ego-resilience, and verified the relationship between variables. The mediating effect of the mother’s parenting behavior and children’s playfulness was examined in the relationship between direct and indirect effects of variables on children’s ego-resilience and mother’s play belief and children’s ego-resilience.Methods: A total of 305 children aged 3 to 5 and 305 mothers enrolled in early childhood education institutes in Gangwon-do, Gyeonggi-do, Jeollabuk-do, and Chungcheongnam-do were recruited. Structural equation modeling was conducted using the AMOS 21.0 program.Results: Results revealed that mothers’ play beliefs had a positive correlation with parenting behavior, children’s playfulness, and children’s ego-resilience, and parenting behavior had a positive correlation with children’s ego-resilience. The playfulness of children exhibited a positive correlation with the ego-resilience of children, while parenting behavior and children’s playfulness. In addition, the mother’s play beliefs, the mother’s parenting behavior, and the children’s playfulness directly affected the children’s ego-resilience, and the play beliefs indirectly influenced parenting behavior and the children’s playfulness as mediators.Conclusion: This study, verified that the mother’s play beliefs, parenting behavior, and playfulness of children had a significant effect on children’s ego-resilience. It is encouraging in that it revealed that if a mother recognizes the importance of play and supports it with a positive belief in play, children’s playfulness can be cultivated and ego-resilience can be improved.

유아의 기질 및 어머니의 언어통제 유형과 유아의 자아탄력성과의 관계

유아의 기질 및 어머니의 언어통제 유형과 유아의 자아탄력성과의 관계

영화음악을 활용한 노래심리치료가 저소득층 아동의 자아존중감과 자아탄력성에 미치는 영향

영화음악을 활용한 노래심리치료가 저소득층 아동의 자아존중감과 자아탄력성에 미치는 영향

어머니의 양육효능감, 유아의 자아탄력성 및 유아교육기관적응과의 관계 분석

본 연구는 어머니의 양육효능감과 유아의 자아탄력성이 유아의 교육기관적응에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구 대상은 A시 소재 7개 어린이집에 재원중인 만 3,4,5세 유아 162명의 어머니와 담임교사이며, 자료수집기간은 2016년 6월 1일부터 6월 30일까지였다. 연구도구는 어머니의 양육효능감, 유아의 자아탄력성, 유아의 교육기관적응에 대한 총 73개 문항이었으며, 수집된 자료는 SPSS(window용) 22.0 통계프로그램을 사용하여 빈도분석, 기술통계, Pearson's correlation coefficient 분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 어머니의 양육효능감은 유아의 교육기관적응과 약한 정적(+) 상관관계를 보였다. 둘째, 유아의 자아탄력성과 교육기관적응은 전체 및 모든 하부요인에서 유의한 정적(+) 상관관계를 나타냈다. 셋째, 어머니의 양육효능감은 유아의 자아탄력성, 유아의 교육기관적응과 약한 정적(+) 상관관계를 보였으며, 유아의 자아탄력성은 유아의 교육기관적응과 강한 정적(+) 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 본 연구는 어머니의 양육효능감과 유아의 자아탄력성 및 유아의 유아교육기관 적응력이 서로 정적(+) 상관관계가 나타났는데, 특히 유아의 자아탄력성이 유아의 유아교육기관적응과 강한 예측 변인으로 나타나 유아의 유아교육기관적응력 증진에 유아의 자아탄력성이 영향을 끼친다 할 수 있다. The purpose of this descriptive study was to identify the relationship between maternal self-efficacy and young children's ego-resilience on their children's adjustment to educational institutions. The study population consisted of 162 young children's mothers and teachers from seven kindergartens in A city. Data were collected from June 1 to June 30, 2016. The questionnaire consisted of 73 items about maternal self-efficacy, children's ego-resilience and children's preschool adjustment. The collected data were analyzed by frequency, descriptive methods and Pearson's correlation coefficient using SPSS/WIN 22.0 version. The study results were as follows. First, maternal self-efficacy was weakly positively(+) correlated with the activeness of children's preschool adjustment. Second, children's ego-resilience was significantly positively(+) correlated with children's preschool adjustment. Third, regarding the relationship between maternal self-efficacy and young children's ego-resilience on their children's adjustment to educational institutions, maternal self-efficacy was weakly positively(+) correlated with children's ego-resilience and children's preschool adjustment, while children's ego-resilience was strongly positively(+) correlated with maternal self-efficacy and children's preschool adjustment. In conclusion, this study finding of a positive(+) relationship between maternal self-efficacy and young children's ego-resilience on their children's adjustment to educational institutions indicates that children's ego-resilience is a reliable predictor of children's preschool adjustment. These study results imply that children's ego-resilience is strongly influenced by children's preschool adjustment.

Influence of Social Support on Children's Ego-resilience in Child Community Centers: Focusing on the Relative and Moderating Effect of Child Community Center Teacher's Support

본 연구에서는 위계적 회귀분석을 적용하여 지역아동센터 이용아동이 지각하는 사회적지지(가족, 학교교사, 친구, 지역아동센터 교사)가 아동의 자아탄력성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고 지역아동센터 교사의 지지가 가족지지나 학교교사지지의 효과를 조절하는지를 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 광주지역 15개의 지역아동센터를 이용하는 194명의 초등학교 3-6학년 아동을 대상으로 아동의 개인적 특성과 그들이 지각하는 사회적 지지의 정도와 자아탄력성을 측정하였다. 그 결과, 아동의 개인적 특성 변인 중 주관적 경제수준만이 자아탄력성에 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며, 사회적지지 변인들은 모두 아동의 자아탄력성에 정적으로 유의미한 영향을 끼쳤다. 센터교사지지가 분석에 포함되었을 때, 학교교사지지의 영향력은 사라졌고, 친구지지가 가장 높은 영향력을, 다음에는 센터교사지지, 가족지지 순으로 자아탄력성에 미치는 영향력이 정적으로 유의미하게 나타났다. 마지막으로, 센터교사의 지지와 가족지지, 학교교사지지와의 상호작용효과를 분석한 결과, 센터교사지지와 학교교사지지와의 상호작용효과는 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았다. 반면에, 센터교사지지와 가족지지와의 상호작용은 유의미하게 나타났지만 그 설명력은 미미하였다. 흥미롭게도 가족지지와 센터교사지지가 둘 다 높은 경우에 자아탄력성에 미치는 각 변인의 영향력이 상승하였다. 이는 가정과 지역아동센터에서의 지지가 두루 긍정적일 때, 아동의 자아탄력성에 미치는 영향력도 상승한다는 것을 말해준다. 이는 지역아동센터의 부모연계 프로그램의 필요성을 제기하며 앞으로의 연구방향에 대해서도 시사하는 바가 크다.

Examination of the Predicting Effect of the Resiliency Levels of Parents on the Resiliency Levels of Preschool Children

The purpose of this study is to examine the predicting effect of the resiliency levels of parents on the resiliency levels of preschool children. The sample group of the study consisted of 110 children aged 5-6 receiving the preschool education, 110 mothers and 110 fathers in the province of Denizli. Data collection tools, used in the study, included The Children's Ego Resiliency Scale for children and the Family Resilience Scale-FRS for parents. The Children's Ego Resiliency Scale was filled out by teachers. The Family Resilience Scale-FRS, on the other hand, was filled out by parents separately. Simple Linear Regression Analysis was used to analyse the data. According to results, mothers’ self-efficacy levels significantly predicted children's resiliency levels. Mothers’ challenge commitment to life and control levels didn’t not significantly predicted children's resiliency levels. Also fathers’ challenge commitment to life and self-efficacy levels significantly predicted children's resiliency levels. Fathers’ control levels didn’t not significantly predicted children's resiliency levels.

The Effects of Group Integrative Arts Therapy with MI Theory on Multiple Intelligence and Ego-Resilience of Children

The Effects of Group Integrative Arts Therapy with MI Theory on Multiple Intelligence and Ego-Resilience of Children

Predictor Effect of Parental Acceptance-rejection Levels on Resilience of Preschool Children1

Abstract The purpose of this study is to put forth the predictor effect of parental acceptance-rejection levels on resilience of preschool children. The sample group of the study consists of 100 children, who received pre-school education in the center of Denizli, and their parents (100 mothers and 100 fathers). The Children's Ego Resiliency Scale (Teacher form) and Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (mother-father forms) were used as data collection tools. According to results, there is a positive significant relationship between the score that the mothers’ warmth and affection levels and children's resiliency levels. In other words, it can be said that as the warmth and affection level increased, the resiliency level increased. Also, the warmth and affection level decreased, the children's resiliency levels decreased. There is not significant relationship between the scores that mothers neglect/indifference, undifferentiated rejection, aggression/hostility levels and children's resiliency levels. Mothers’ warmth and affection levels significantly predicted children's resiliency levels. Mothers’ neglect/indifference, undifferentiated rejection and aggression/hostility levels didn’t not significantly predicted children's resiliency levels. Additionally there is a positive and strong significant relationship between the score that the fathers’ warmth and affection levels and children's resiliency levels. There is a negative and strong significant relationship between the scores that fathers neglect/indifference, aggression/hostility levels and children's resiliency levels. Also, there is not significant relationship between the score that fathers undifferentiated rejection and children's resiliency levels. Fathers’ warmth/affection, neglect/indifference, aggression/hostility levels significantly predicted children's resiliency levels. According to results, children's resiliency levels most predicted by the aggression/hostility levels of fathers.

The Effectiveness of Psychodrama on the Ego-Resilience of Children

The Effectiveness of Psychodrama on the Ego-Resilience of Children

Temperament, Personality, and Quality of Life in Pediatric Cancer Patients

The developmental psychology literature shows that children with higher levels of effortful control (EC) and ego-resilience (ER) display greater social competence and better emotional adjustment. This study examined whether these dispositional attributes contribute to positive quality of life (QOL) in pediatric cancer patients. Participants were 103 pediatric cancer patients (and their parents) who were part of a larger parent study. At study entry, parents reported their own anxiety and depression and their children's EC and ER. At 3-month follow-up, parents reported children's QOL. ER was positively correlated with children's QOL. EC showed a positive indirect effect on QOL through ER. Inclusion of potential correlates of pediatric QOL (e.g., parent neuroticism) did not change these relationships. Temperament and personality play significant roles in pediatric cancer patients' QOL. Assessing dispositional attributes early in treatment may help identify children at risk for poor QOL during and after treatment.

The relations of ego-resiliency and emotion socialization to the development of empathy and prosocial behavior across early childhood.

The present study explored early personality and environmental predictors of the development of young children's empathy, as well as relations of empathy to prosocial behavior with peers at a later age. How children manage their own emotions and behaviors when under stress--their ego-resiliency--would be expected to affect their responses to others' emotions. Also, socialization experiences, such as the quality of parenting behaviors, have been associated with individual differences in empathy-related responding. We examined whether mothers' emotion socialization practices and children's ego-resiliency at 18 months predicted initial levels and change in empathy across five time points (24, 30, 42, 48, and 54 months; N = 242), and whether empathy in turn predicted prosocial behavior with peers at 72/84 months of age. Ego-resiliency and mothers' expressive encouragement both uniquely predicted the intercept of empathy. Boys' empathy was lower than girls' but improved more with age. Initial levels and growth of empathy positively predicted later prosocial behavior. Children's ego-resiliency predicted the slope of empathy at near significance (p = .054). We also found that the intercept of empathy mediated the relation between ego-resiliency and prosocial behavior as well as the relation between mothers' expressive encouragement and prosocial behavior. These findings suggest that both parenting and personality characteristics are relevant to the development of empathy during early childhood and might contribute to children's later prosocial behavior with peers.

Development of Ego-Resiliency: Relations to Observed Parenting and Polymorphisms in the Serotonin Transporter Gene During Early Childhood.

We used observed parenting behaviors, along with genetic variants and haplotypes of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4), as predictors of children's ego-resiliency during early childhood (N =153). Quality of mothers' parenting was observed at 18 months of age and mothers' reports of ego-resiliency were collected at six time points from 18 to 84 months. Genetic data were collected at 72 months. Observed parenting was positively associated with initial levels of children's ego-resiliency. Furthermore, although individual genetic variants of the serotonin transporter gene (LPR, STin2) were not associated with ego-resiliency, the S10 haplotype (that combines information from these two variants) was negatively associated with initial levels of ego-resiliency. Both parenting and serotonin genetic variation uniquely predicted children's ego-resiliency, suggesting an additive effect of genetic and parental factors.

The impact of neglect on initial adaptation to school.

This study examined the impact of child neglect during the first 4 years of life on adaptation to school during kindergarten and first grade in the context of neighborhood poverty (NP). Processes related to the development of school competencies were examined, including the mediational role of cognitive functioning and ego-resiliency (ER) in shaping children's school outcomes. A total of 170 low-income urban children were followed prospectively for 2 years (ages 4-6). Results indicated that neglected children had significantly lower scores on kindergarten classroom behavior and first-grade academic performance than nonneglected children. Children's cognitive performance at age 4, controlling for maternal intelligence quotient, mediated the relation between severity of neglect and children's behavior in kindergarten as well as their academic performance in first grade. Moreover, severity of neglect was related to children's ER at age 4. However, additional ecological adversity in the form of NP moderated the link between ER and classroom behavior, such that at lower levels of poverty, ER mediated the relation between severity of neglect and school adaptation. Conversely, when NP was extreme, the effects of ER were attenuated and ER ceased to predict behavioral performance in kindergarten. The implications of these findings for prevention and intervention are discussed.

Longitudinal relations of intrusive parenting and effortful control to ego-resiliency during early childhood.

Longitudinal relations among ego-resiliency (ER), effortful control (EC), and observed intrusive parenting were examined at 18, 30, and 42months of age (Ns=256, 230, and 210) using structural equation modeling. Intrusive parenting at 18 and 30months negatively predicted EC a year later, over and above earlier levels. EC at 30months mediated the negative relation between 18-month intrusive parenting and ER at 42months when controlling for stability of the variables. ER did not predict EC. The findings suggest that intrusive parenting may have a negative effect on children's ego-resiliency through its effects on children's abilities to regulate attention and behavior.

The Effects of Group Art Therapy for Improving Ego-Resilience of Children in Multi-Cultural Families

The Effects of Group Art Therapy for Improving Ego-Resilience of Children in Multi-Cultural Families

Relations of parenting style to Chinese children's effortful control, ego resilience, and maladjustment

The purpose of the study was to examine the relations of authoritative parenting and corporal punishment to Chinese first and second graders' effortful control (EC), impulsivity, ego resilience, and maladjustment, as well as mediating relations. A parent and teacher reported on children's EC, impulsivity, and ego resilience; parents reported on children's internalizing symptoms and their own parenting, and teachers and peers reported on children's externalizing symptoms. Authoritative parenting and low corporal punishment predicted high EC, and EC mediated the relation between parenting and externalizing problems. In addition, impulsivity mediated the relation of corporal punishment to externalizing problems. The relation of parenting to children's ego resilience was mediated by EC and/or impulsivity, and ego resilience mediated the relations of EC and impulsivity to internalizing problems.

Correlates of the Temporal Consistency of Personality Patterns in Childhood

ABSTRACT The temporal consistency of children's personality patterns as measured by the California Child Q‐set was investigated in a sample of 151 German children between ages 4 and 6 years, and in a sample of 87 Dutch children between ages 10 and 12 years. Children's personality patterns showed a high interindividual variance of consistency. Correlational analyses revealed that children's ego resiliency predicted the longitudinal consistency of their Q‐sort patterns irrespective of variations in age, culture, and type of judge. Itemwise extreme group comparisons of very consistent and very inconsistent children with a middle group showed that consistent children were characterized by culturally desirable traits, and inconsistent children by undesirable traits. The items typical for consistent children changed with age in agreement with the change in major developmental tasks. Discussion focuses on the processes that mediate the positive relations between the temporal consistency of personality, ego resiliency, and the age‐appropriateness of personality.

Parental Attachment and Children's Socio-emotional Development: Some Findings on the Validity of the Adult Attachment Interview in The Netherlands

In this study, the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) was applied in The Netherlands, to test certain aspects of its validity, and to provide information about its relation to toddlers' socio-emotional adaptation. In the second year of life, a sample of 80 infants were seen with their father, mother, and professional caregiver in the Strange Situation procedure, and in a free-play situation to assess caregivers' sensitivity. Two years later, 68 children participated in a follow-up study, involving mothers, fathers, and professional caregivers. Parents were interviewed with the AAI, and completed the Parental Bonding Instrument that measures attachment experiences in childhood. Parents also completed the Nijmegen-California Q-sort, to measure their children's ego-resilience and ego-control. Professional caregivers rated children's sociability in pre-school using the Pre-School Behavior Inventory. As predicted the AAI and the Parental Bonding Instrument were related. Only the AAI, however, yielded classifications that corresponded with the quality of infant-parent attachment. Furthermore, AAI classifications for mothers were related to maternal sensitivity: Secure mothers are more sensitive to their daughters than insecure mothers, but for boys this was not true. In addition, AAI classifications for parents were related to their children's socio-emotional development in the pre-school years. Secure mothers have children with more ego-resilience and less ego-undercontrol. Dismissing fathers have children who are rated as more aggressive, less social, and less timid than secure or preoccupied fathers. The AAI appears to be a promising instrument for measuring parental state of mind with respect to attachment relationships in a variety of natural settings.