Basic Rights Of Children Research Articles

PREVENTION OF CHILD MARRIAGE TO CREATE A FAMILY MAṢLAḤAH BADRIYAH FAYUMI'S PERSPECTIVE

This article is about preventing child marriage to create a maslahah family in Badriyah Fayumi's view. Early childhood marriage has many negative impacts, especially for girls. At an immature age, quarrels will often occur and this often leads to violence, both physical and verbal. This research uses a literature study approach. The research context is analyzed using legislation (juridical). The data used are books about child marriage and maslahah families. The research results show that Badriyah uses a ma'ruf approach. According to her, child marriage poses a threat to the realization of children's basic rights.. Apart from having a physical and psychological impact on children, marriage at a young age increases poverty rates, school dropouts, stunting, and increases the risk of cervical cancer. According to Badriyah Fayumi, child marriage cannot achieve a harmonious family, and can weaken offspring and future generations. Weak ability, mind and reproductive organs.

Penyuluhan Hukum Mengenai Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak Di SMP Negeri 41 Bandar Lampung

Introduction: : Legal counseling on child protection at SMP Negeri 41 Bandar Lampung is an effort to increase the understanding and awareness of students, teachers and parents regarding the importance of protecting children's rights and welfare in the context of education. The counseling covered various aspects, including children's basic rights, violence prevention, safe use of technology, and concrete actions in reporting and responding to situations that threaten children's safety. The counseling began by discussing children's basic rights in accordance with national and international law. Students are given an in-depth understanding of the right to life, education, and protection from various forms of exploitation and violence.Purposes of Devotion: The purpose of this service activity is to provide increased awareness and understanding of legal protection of children in the environment of SMP Negeri 41 Bandar Lampung. Method of Devotion: The method used in the implementation of activities in the village of SMP Negeri 41 Bandar Lampung, Panjang Subdistrict is in the form of providing material with the speaker explaining all the material in front of the students.Results of the Devotion: Basically, the students of SMP Negeri 41 Bandar Lampung have more or less understood the legal protection of children. This can be seen by the large number of participation and enthusiasm of the students of SMP Negeri 41 Bandar Lampung who asked questions and participated in discussions in the legal counseling. Students have the opportunity to know how legal protection a child has, including the implementation of legal protection of children that occurs at school.

인구소멸 위기에 대응하기 위한 헌법적 소고가족공동체의 다양성과 아동의 기본권을 중심으로

In the face of an unprecedented total fertility rate of 0.78, numerous policies have been proposed. While short-term economic support policies may contribute to an increase in birth rates, their effectiveness is constrained by economic factors such as recession, leading to uncertainty about when increased costs might halt the rising birth rate. Population shocks can result in economic and security crises, prompting individuals to avoid childbirth or seek opportunities abroad. Consequently, adopting a distinct long-term plan and constitutional efforts to establish and stabilize a minimum total fertility rate unaffected by external factors is imperative. Approaching the population issue from a constitutional values perspective, the solution begins with understanding the future parent generation's views on marriage and childbirth. To address the national challenge of population decline, the focus is on diversifying the family community, the fundamental unit of the country, ensuring the basic rights of children as family members, and particularly, providing national protection for children born outside of marriage.
 To achieve this, the paper first emphasizes the need to redefine the concept of family for diversified family structures, utilizing a structural analysis of Article 36 of the Constitution. It then presents the current situation in countries that have implemented non-marriage registration systems. Second, the paper introduces the importance of ensuring the basic rights of children as family members. To lay the foundation for a happy childhood and adolescence, it aims to establish basic rights for children and eliminate prejudices and discrimination against non-marital births through new constitutional protection provisions. Finally, the paper suggests a direction for the structure of constitutional amendments if undertaken.

Peningkatan Permohonan Dispensasi Perkawinan (Dini) di Pengadilan Agama Akibat dari Perubahan Sosial

Marriage is a sacred bond that unites two individuals with the support of society and religious organizations. However, in the ever-changing social dynamics, the phenomenon of early child marriage has become a big problem in Indonesia. This article examines the increase in marriage applications in Religious Courts as a result of social changes that conflict with the rights of children and adults. Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage sets the minimum age limit for marriage. This change has a significant impact on children's basic rights as well as their physical and psychological development. The author also examines the impact of implementing the revised minimum age for marriage policy in 2019 on the rate of child marriage in Indonesia. The research method we use is a normative legal approach in terms of methodology. By considering these issues, this research provides an in-depth understanding of the challenges facing the marriage system in Indonesia as well as the social and regulatory changes that may impact efforts to overcome these challenges.

The Impact Of Law Number 16 Of 2019 Marriage Dispensation And Child Marriage Gap

Child marriage in Indonesia is quite high. Child marriage is a form of violence against children and is a practice that violates children's basic rights as outlined in the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). Child marriage limits access to essential services, including education and health services, and can have long-term negative impacts on children's well-being and life chances. The legal age limit for marriage in Indonesia is a minimum of 19 years. However, one of the policies in the Marriage Law is a loophole that supports the legality of child marriages, through the granting of dispensations by the Court. The number of requests for marriage dispensation at the Ambarawa Religious Court continues to increase. This data is a reference for the author in studying the impact of the enactment of Law Number 16 of 2019, an amendment to Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, on children. This research uses normative juridical methodology, namely reviewing court decisions. As a finding, one of the impacts of the enactment of Law Number 16 of 2019 which amends Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage is the increase in the number of requests for marriage dispensation at the Ambarawa District Court, Semarang Regency. This increase reached 337%, with the average number of applications per month increasing from 7.44 to 25.07. Changes in the marriage age as stated in Article 7 regarding the minimum marriage age of 19 years are not effective in reducing the number of child marriages. So it is necessary to optimize the implementation of Supreme Court Regulation Number 5 of 2019 concerning Guidelines for Granting Marriage Dispensations to ensure that judges have clear procedures and structured steps in adjudicating marriage dispensation cases.

Holistic Integration: The Efforts Legal Protection for Children Challenge of Support Victim

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the shared responsibility of the community, state, and government in ensuring the growth and development of children, especially in the context of challenges posed by the pandemic. The study aims to explore the legal framework and regulations in place to protect the basic rights of children, emphasizing the importance of providing an environment conducive to their future growth and development.
 
 Method: This research adopts a normative juridical approach, focusing on the analysis of legislation and relevant secondary data. The study examines existing laws and regulations pertaining to the protection of children's rights, with a particular orientation toward understanding the legal frameworks established by the government. The method also involves studying regional regulations and academic initiatives such as forming task forces and providing psychologist counseling.
 
 Result: The research reveals that the government, both at the national and regional levels, has implemented laws and regulations to ensure the growth and development of children. These legal frameworks encompass various aspects, including education, social support, and psychological well-being. Additionally, the study identifies the establishment of task forces and counseling programs as proactive measures taken to address the challenges faced by children, especially in the academic field. These initiatives reflect the government's commitment to providing comprehensive support to children, even amidst the disruptions caused by the pandemic.
 
 Conclusion: In conclusion, the study underscores the shared responsibility of the community, state, and government in safeguarding the future of children, particularly in the face of challenges like the pandemic. Through the implementation of laws, regulations, and regional initiatives, efforts are being made to ensure that children's basic rights are protected and that they have access to necessary support systems. The establishment of task forces and counseling programs further emphasizes the commitment to the holistic development of children. However, continuous efforts and adaptability in policies are crucial to addressing evolving challenges and ensuring that children receive the best possible environment for their growth and development.

Analisis Hukum Pemenuhan Hak Anak Untuk Memperoleh Diversi Terhadap Problematika Anak Residivis

The purpose of this writing is to identify, study and analyze procedural diversion for children in conflict with the law in the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. In this paper the author uses the normative juridical method. In the conclusion of the discussion, children who are in conflict with the law are considered as legal subjects who are not competent and do not understand what they are doing. Investigation of child cases is carried out by investigators appointed by Decree of the Head of the Indonesian National Police or other officials appointed by the Head of the Indonesian National Police. If the Diversion succeeds in reaching an agreement, the Investigator will submit the Minutes of Diversion along with the Diversion Agreement to the head of the district court for stipulation. Meanwhile, if the Diversion process fails, the Investigator must continue the investigation and transfer the case to the Public Prosecutor by attaching the Minutes of Diversion and minutes of community research. Arrested children must be entrusted to the LPKS. The cost for each child placed in the LPKS is borne by the budget of the ministry that administers government affairs in the social sector. The role of diversion as an effort to protect the rights of children's rights is expected to solve the problems of children who are in conflict with the law. When a child is faced with a formal criminal justice process, it is certain that the child will lose his freedom. By diverting, the freedom of children is still guaranteed, and the deprivation of independence for them can be avoided. Diversion is a very meaningful effort to provide protection for children who are in conflict with the law so that they can fulfill the basic rights of children.

Perspectives of Muslim Religious Leaders to Shape an Educational Intervention About Family Planning in Rural Tanzania: A Qualitative Study.

Uptake of effective contraceptive methods can be hindered by poor understanding and uncertainty about its compatibility with religious beliefs. We sought to understand the perspectives of Muslim religious leaders in rural Tanzania on family planning (FP) and acceptable strategies for providing FP education to leaders and their communities. We conducted in-depth interviews with Muslim leaders from 4 communities in northwest Tanzania. Open-ended questions explored leaders' views on FP in relation to their communities, Muslim texts and teaching, and their experience as leaders. We also investigated how FP education could be provided in their communities and asked practical questions regarding seminar implementation. Interviews were conducted in Kiswahili and transcribed and translated into English. Data were coded independently by 2 investigators using NVivo 1.5.1 and analyzed thematically. We interviewed 17 male and 15 female Muslim leaders. All leaders supported FP as a concept in which births are spaced, interpreting this as espoused by the Qur'an and a basic right of children raised in Islam. Leaders uniformly endorsed the use of breastfeeding and the calendar method to space births but had divergent and sometimes opposing views on other methods, including condom use, oral contraceptives, and intrauterine devices. All leaders acknowledged the need for FP education among their congregants and were in favor of helping to teach an FP seminar in their communities. Our data reveal insights into how education for Muslim leaders may equip them to promote birth spacing and enhance understanding of FP in their communities in ways that are concordant with Islamic teaching. Our findings will guide the design and pilot-testing of an educational intervention for Muslim religious leaders to promote knowledge and uptake of FP in rural Tanzania.

Diagnostic paths and service needs of children with autism spectrum disorder and with other neurodevelopmental disorders in Bulgaria.

Currently, there are no official statistics about the number of children with developmental disorders in Bulgaria. This is the first systematic investigation of the needs, access to services, and priorities of families of children with developmental disorders in the country. The study aims to: (1) characterize the needs of children with developmental disorders in Bulgaria; (2) to compare the needs and access to services of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental disorders (oNDD); (3) and to examine the daily burden of their caregivers and how it varies based on their demographic characteristics, such as income and education. We used an online family needs assessment survey to collect data from caregivers of children with developmental disorders in Bulgaria between April and July 2020. 195 parents of children with ASD and 73 parents of children with oNDD completed the questionnaire. Children with ASD waited longer than children with oNDD to receive a diagnosis. Caregivers in the ASD group also expressed first concerns about their child's development when their children were older and for different reasons than caregivers in the oNDD group. There were no significant differences between groups in service encounters, including access to and delay of medical, counseling, and educational services, with approximately 50% of all caregivers experiencing some delay and/or difficulties in access to services. There were no associations between access to services and caregiver education and family income, with the exception of higher education being linked to receiving a diagnosis earlier for the oNDD group. This study has three main findings: (1) children with ASD and children with oNDD in Bulgaria have different needs and paths to diagnosis; (2) nevertheless, children in both groups experience similar challenges in accessing medical, counseling, and educational services, regardless of their demographic characteristics; and (3) parents' priorities focus on education, counseling, and medical support, protecting children's basic rights, and raising awareness. A comparison of our findings to past research in the region shows a relative improvement in diagnostic services with families not having to travel outside their city to receive a diagnosis. Based on our findings, we provide specific recommendations for changes in services and policy.

EMOTIONAL STATE OF CHILDREN OF UKRAINE WHO WERE AFFECTED BY WAR FACTORS IN THE OCCUPIED TERRITORY

Relevance. The infliction of war and military aggression is a violation of children's basic rights, because during war children gain experiences that are in stark contrast to their needs to grow up in a physically and emotionally safe and predictable environment.
 Objective of the work was to establish the frequency and manifestations of emotional disorders in children who lived in the occupied territory of Ukraine in February-March 2022.
 Material and methods. In May-July 2022, 184 children aged 3-17 years who lived in February-March 2022 in Kyiv and Chernihiv regions in the territories occupied by Russian troops were examined. Psychological and psychiatric counseling of 119 children was carried out. The "Child's Dream" method was used to identify themes of disturbing thoughts (the child was asked to draw a sleeping child and a dream that she had). Parents of 81 children were also surveyed using the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 (PSC-17): 29 children from May 3 to May 17 (Group I); 17 children from May 19 to May 31 (II group); 35 children from June 6 to July 14 (III group).
 Results. Anxiety disorders were detected in 27.7% of children, and conditions associated with high anxiety (insomnia, phobias, post-traumatic stress disorder, behavioral disorders) were found in another 24.4%. In 72.4% of the children of the I group, 29.4% of the children of the II group, and 17.1% of the children of the III group, internalization disorders were found; disorders of attention and externalization were found only in children of I (55.2% and 51.7%, respectively) and II groups (20.4% and 11.8%, respectively).
 Conclusions. More than half of the children who lived in the occupied territory were found to have psychoemotional disorders with a predominance of anxiety. 3 months after experiencing acute stress, internalization problems remain in 17% of children. These emotional disorders indicate the need to develop psychological correction measures.

UNDERSTANDING OF EARLY CHILDHOOD PARENTS ON PROTECTION OF CHILDREN'S RIGHTS IN COASTAL COMMUNITIES IN BUTON ISLANDS

The purpose of this study was to obtain information about parents' understanding of the protection of children's rights in the Buton Islands. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with the subject of parents. The results of the study show that parents do not fully have knowledge about the protection of children's basic rights in terms of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 35 of 2014. Parents still exploit children to get benefits, so that children do not get a proper education, social and emotional. In addition, the occurrence of physical violence in the form of discrimination and neglect. Children who are physically and mentally disabled often get rejected and isolated from their environment. This shows the low awareness of parents to the protection of children's rights which include: The right to get an early education, develop their interests and talents, communicate with the surrounding environment and have the right to get love from their parents. The rights of the child are the obligations of the family, society and the state as mandated by law.

On the Injustice of Dysfunctional Upbringing

ABSTRACTEmpirical evidence shows that certain parental behaviours cause pervasive harms for children. These behaviours are not limited to abuse and neglect but include other non‐abusive, non‐neglectful behaviour such as invalidation. In this article, I argue that such cases of dysfunctional upbringing are unjust on three broad grounds. First, they seriously interfere with the ideal of equality of opportunity. Second, they entail violations of children's basic rights and interests, including their interest in developing the capacity for autonomy and their interest in enjoying the intrinsic goods of childhood. And third, they are criminogenic and raise a host of problems for criminal justice. For these reasons, justice requires preventing unjust parental behaviours, rather than attempting to redress them once they have already occurred. To identify the appropriate forward‐looking interventions, I distinguish the epistemic from the psychological causes of dysfunctional parental behaviours and argue that different interventions are required to tackle each cause. The former should include mandatory education on the potential harms of certain parental behaviours, while the latter should focus on therapeutic measures that address the unconscious and emotional mechanisms of our behaviour.

Perlindungan Anak Sebagai Landasan Filosofis Dan Sosiologis Batas Usia Perkawinan Dalam Undang-Undang No.16 Tahun 2019 Perspektif Maqasid Asy- Syari'ah Jasser Auda

This study examines how Jasser Auda’s maqāṣid asy-syarīʻah view sonchild protection as the basis for determining the age limit for marriage and how Jasser Auda’s maqāṣid asy- syarīʻah view son the philosophical and sociological foundations contained in the marriage age limit in Law No. 16 of 2019 This study uses a qualitative study with a descriptive analytical method with a philosophical and sociological approach. The results of this study indicatethat, First, Jasser Auda’s maqāṣid asy-syarīʻah view on child protection as the basis for determining the age limit for marriage, namely that Jasser Auda’s maqāṣid asy-syarīʻah theory shows that the goal of equalizing the marriage age limit contained in Law No. 16 The year 2019 refers to the concept of child protection as regulated in Law No. 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection which includes the basic rights of children, the right to protection from violence and discrimination and full justice for children. Second, Jasser Auda’s maqāṣid asy-syarīʻah view of the philosophical and sociological foundations contained in the marriage age limit in Law No. 16 of 2019 using six features of the system theory that Jasser Auda optimized the results according to Cognitive, Openess, Wholeness, Interrelated Hierarchy, Multi Dimensionality and Porposefullnesis Law No. 16 of 2019 is in accordance with maqāṣid asysyarīʻah, realizing the goal of eliminating discrimination against women in accordance with the global era by reforming maqāṣid to wards Human Rights, creating equality between men and women, refers to the environment of society, nationandstate, such as upholding justice and tolerance, achieving a harmonious family.

Psikologi Pendidikan Anak (Pentingnya Peran Orangtua dalam Tumbuh Kembang Pendidikan Anak)

Abstract The idealism of being a successful parent, namely having children who are knowledgeable, faithful, obedient to their parents, beneficial to the nation and religion seems to be an obsession that is very difficult to realize.One of the basic rights of children is the right to grow and develop in all aspects of their lives, including the aspect of getting a proper education.This means that children have the opportunity to learn and gain knowledge as much as possible.This will all happen if the environment is very conducive so as to allow the development of children's education to be achieved optimally. But it's a shame, in this era, the development of children's education seems to be experiencing difficulties that are so transparent.The reality of environmental influences is already so strong,technology seems to poison the child's subconscious that learning is not fun. Plusthe influence of covid 19 which seems to have no end forcing children to study online which of course will have very low results.This problem is very disturbing for parents.The idealism of being a successful parent by having educated children is an obsession that is difficult to realize at this time.At this stage, the role of parents is very important in an effort to support the growth and development of children's education.It is important for parents to understand the growth and development of children's education.However, problems often arise when parents do not realize how important the presence of parents in the education of their children is.Parents seem to give up their hands by completely handing over their children's education to schools and teachers. This article uses a type of library research. This research was conducted to collect and analyze data sourced from books, magazines, newspapers and other scientific works.library research using a qualitative descriptive approach.Based on the results of various studies are presented to discuss various problems that are currently being faced. The indication of the results of this study is the lack of awareness of parents to understand the nature of their responsibilities and their role in efforts to encourage the development of children's education.Not all family environments can meet the expectations and needs of children, especially in their development and education.A family environment that acts as a good educator and meets standards is a must, especially for parents.f not, then the stakes are the child's development. Because parents and children work together to support their children's future.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Inclusive Education

This paper illustrates the positive impact of inclusive education in protecting the basic rights of children with disabilities, 
 alleviating marginalization and mental health, and critically discusses the challenges children with disabilities face in inclusive education regarding violence, self-perception, and educational resources. Access to education as a fundamental right for people with 
 disabilities can effectively be the only way to break down further “ableist” bias and alleviate the marginalization of people with 
 disabilities in today’s social environment. However, the medical model and the “ableist” stereotype in people’s minds are challenging to eliminate; the lack of educational resources has become one of the biggest obstacles to universal inclusive education. 
 To solve the above problems, firstly, the diversity of the social environment for people with disabilities should be respected and 
 accommodated from a conceptual point of view. Secondly, schools and the government should continue implementing inclusive 
 education policies and increasing investment in education to alleviate the current situation of insufficient educational resources 
 and teacher training. Meanwhile, mainstream media should be more objective in depicting facts rather than their traumas to break 
 traditional prejudices and promote a more equal and diverse social environment.

Penerapan Batas Usia Perkawinan Sebagai Upaya Perlindungan Terhadap Anak

Marriage at the age of children has a negative impact on children's growth and development and causes non-fulfillment of children's basic rights. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the application of the age limit for marriage as an effort to protect children. Research method, using normative juridical research type, the type of data used is secondary data and supported by primary data, analysis method using qualitative discrete. The results of the study, Government policy in setting the minimum marriage limit for women from 16 years to 19 (nineteen) years.as stated in Law No. 16 of 2019 has gone through a process and various considerations. This is so that both parties are ready and mature from the physical, psychic and mental sides. Under certain circumstances, the Court may grant marriage dispensation in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, namely Supreme Court Regulation No. 5 of 2019 concerning Guidelines for Adjudicating Applications for Marriage Dispensation. Marriage dispensation for minors, is a study of the age limit for a person to marry, or the ideal age to enter the world of marriage. The age of marriage will affect many things on oneself and on the household to be built. The role of the courts through marriage dispensation is significant in providing protection to children. The court has the authority to allow or deny permission for a child to marry or not to marry.

PROTECTION OF CHILDREN AS A PHILOSOPHICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL BASE FOR THE AGE LIMIT: MAQĀṢID SHARĪʻA VERSION OF JASSER AUDA

This study examines how Jasser Auda's maqāṣid sharia view son child protection as the basis for determining the age limit for marriage and how Jasser Auda's maqāṣid sharia view son the philosophical and sociological foundations contained in the marriage age limit. This study uses a qualitative study with a descriptive analytical method with a philosophical and sociological approach. The results of this study indicate that, First, Jasser Auda's maqāṣid sharia view on child protection as the basis for determining the age limit for marriage, namely that Jasser Auda's maqāṣid asy-syarīʻah theory shows that the goal of equalizing the marriage age limit contained in Law Number 16 The year 2019 refers to the concept of child protection as regulated in concerning Child Protection which includes the basic rights of children, the right to protection from violence and discrimination and full justice for children. Second, Jasser Auda's maqāṣid sharia view of the philosophical and sociological foundations contained in the marriage age limit in using six features of the system theory that Jasser Auda optimized the results according to Cognitive, Openness, Wholeness, Interrelated Hierarchy, Multi Dimensionality and Purposefulness is accordance with maqāṣid sharia, realizing the goal of eliminating discrimination against women accordance with the global era by reforming maqāṣid to words Human Rights, creating equality between men and women, refers to the environment of society, nation and state, such as upholding justice and tolerance, achieving a harmonious family.

The placement of children into foster care in Poland by foreign authorities

ABSTRACT Cross-border placement of children is addressed by the 1996 Hague Child Protection Convention, which is binding on the United Kingdom, and in EU law. The detailed procedures are governed by the domestic law of each country involved. However, it was not until 2018 that proceedings for placement of children in foster care by foreign authorities were introduced to Polish law. The fact that cross-border placements have become increasingly common has contributed significantly to the enactment of the new law. The available official data indicate that the British and German authorities are the most inclined to place children with Polish citizenship in foster care in their homeland. Although the regulations introduced in 2018 concern the basic rights of children, they have not yet been presented in detail to the involved parties abroad, including British local and central authorities, judges and social workers. Their familiarity with the relevant provisions of Polish law can undoubtedly contribute to speeding up the proceedings and ensuring that their outcome is harmonious with the best interests of the child.

INCLUSIVE COMPETENCE OF TEACHERS AS ONE OF THE KEY COMPETENCIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NEW UKRAINIAN SCHOOL

Introduction. The article describes the essence of the concepts «competence», «professional competence», «inclusive competence» as a component of professional competence of a teacher. The purpose of our research is to reveal the phenomenon of inclusive competence as an integral characteristic of a modern teacher of the new ukrainian school. Methods. To achieve the purpose, a set of complementary methods: theoretical – analysis of normative documents, psychological and pedagogical literature and educational materials; synthesis, abstraction, generalization, forecasting, design, modelling; empirical – interviews, questionnaires, surveys, tests. Results. It was found that the unity of theoretical and practical readiness of a specialist to perform professional functions is a professional competence. Inclusive education is defined as a system of educational services based on the principle of ensuring the basic right of children to education and the right to receive it at the place of residence. Inclusive competence is interpreted as the level of knowledge and skills required to perform professional functions in an inclusive learning environment. The components of inclusive competence (motivational, cognitive, operational and reflexive) are singled out. The essence of each of the components of inclusive competence is clarified: – the motivational component of inclusive competence determines the direction, system of motives, needs, values of the teacher's personality, is a determinant of professional competence and a factor of its successful formation; – the cognitive component of the inclusive competence of the future teacher enables the integrity of ideas about socio-pedagogical activities, activates the cognitive work of the person, promotes the development and enrichment of cognitive experience; – the reflective component of inclusive competence is manifested in the ability to understand the basics of their own activities, during which they evaluate and rethink their abilities, personal achievements, as well as in the conscious control of the results of professional actions, analysis of real situations. Reflection enables self-knowledge, self-control, self-regulation and one's own self-development; – operational component of inclusive competence is the ability to perform specific professional tasks of sociopedagogical activities, to apply methods and experience of successful promotion of the process of inclusion of children and youth with special needs in the society of a secondary school, etc. Originality. The criteria and expediency of including inclusive competence in the structure of professional competences as a special competence are substantiated. Conclusions. Widespread implementation of the idea of inclusion in secondary schools of Ukraine largely depends on the qualifications of teachers. In this perspective, the problem of forming the Inclusive competence of the future teacher, which is an integrated personal education, becomes especially important. We see prospects for further research in the search for effective mechanisms and conditions that will contribute to the formation of inclusive competence in future teachers.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Inclusive Education

This paper illustrates the positive impact of inclusive education in protecting the basic rights of children with disabilities, alleviating marginalization and mental health, and critically discusses the challenges children with disabilities face in inclusive education regarding violence, self-perception, and educational resources. Access to education as a fundamental right for people with disabilities can effectively be the only way to break down further "ableist" bias and alleviate the marginalization of people with disabilities in today's social environment. However, the medical model and the "ableist" stereotype in people's minds are challenging to eliminate; the lack of educational resources has become one of the biggest obstacles to universal inclusive education. To solve the above problems, firstly, the diversity of the social environment for people with disabilities should be respected and accommodated from a conceptual point of view. Secondly, schools and the government should continue implementing inclusive education policies and increasing investment in education to alleviate the current situation of insufficient educational resources and teacher training. Meanwhile, mainstream media should be more objective in depicting facts rather than their traumas to break traditional prejudices and promote a more equal and diverse social environment.