Children's Ability Research Articles

Comparison between two phonological awareness tasks in Arabic

Phonological Awareness (PA) in deep orthographies like English can be used to predict reading abilities in later grades. PA is a sensitive measure in identifying Arabic speaking children who struggle to read. The main objective of the present study was to compare two matched versions of a sound blending task to determine whether any of the two created versions (i.e., one with short vowels and the other without short vowels) of this task could yield a more accurate measure of PA in children speaking Jordanian Arabic. Data was collected from 20 randomly selected schools in Jordan. A randomly selected sample of 200 participants in grade 4 who were randomly divided into two groups (100 students each) and were tested on word blending, elision, word recognition, and oral reading fluency. Each group of participants was tested using a different version of the word blending task, while the other tasks used to test the two groups were the same. The major finding of the study revealed a significant difference between the two versions of the blending task in favor of the assumption that using a task without short vowels can produce inflated scores (i.e., the blending task without short vowels yielded higher scores); such scores demonstrated weak correlation with the reading measures. The implications of the current study support the presentation of blending tasks with all the constituent segments of the word including short vowels (i.e., presenting the word with consonants, long vowels, and short vowels), which can better contribute to gauging children's PA abilities.

Hubungan Antara Screen Time dengan Kemampuan Pragmatik Anak Usia 4-6 Tahun di TK Sri Juwita Hanum Surakarta

Abstract Background: Screen time is time spent engaging in "screen-based" behavior, such as watching television and using a smartphone, tablet, or computer. The impact of screen time can affect children's language skills, one of which is pragmatics. Pragmatics is a branch of linguistics that deals with the use of language in a social context. Objectives: This study aims to analyze and provide an overview of the "Relationship of Screen Time to Pragmatic Ability of Children Aged 4-6 Years in Sri Juwita Hanum Surakarta Kindergarten". Methods: This research is a quantitative research using a cross-sectional. research design. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling and the number of samples used was 33 respondents. The data in this study were analyzed univariately and bivariately, the statistical test used in this study used the coefficient contingency test. Results: In the coefficient contingency test results, the result of ρ value of 0.000 or ρ value of < 0.05 was obtained, has a correlation coefficient value of 0.707 which is in the strong category, and has a unidirectional correlation direction. Conclusion: There is a positive and strong correlation or relationship between Screen Time with a ρ value of 0.000, and a correlation coefficient value of 0.707 in children aged 4-6 years in Sri Juwita Hanum Kindergarten. Keywords : Screen time, Pragmatics, Children aged 4-6 years

Analysis of Technology-Based Learning Using Tiktok at KB Labschool UNP Kediri

The purpose of this research is to analyze how technology-based learning uses tiktok at KB Labschool UNP Kediri. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. This study has a total of 11 children consisting of 5 boys and 6 girls. The instruments used by researchers are observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and descriptive qualitative conclusions using narrative as a description of the results of the conclusion. The conclusion of the results of this study is that technology-based learning using TikTok can effectively develop physical motor and social emotional aspects in children. Children's abilities are seen in the form of increasing self-confidence and performing in public.

Neuroanatomical, transcriptomic, and molecular correlates of math ability and their prognostic value for predicting learning outcomes.

Foundational mathematical abilities, acquired in early childhood, are essential for success in our technology-driven society. Yet, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying individual differences in children's mathematical abilities and learning outcomes remain largely unexplored. Leveraging one of the largest multicohort datasets from children at a pivotal stage of knowledge acquisition, we first establish a replicable mathematical ability-related imaging phenotype (MAIP). We then show that brain gene expression profiles enriched for candidate math ability-related genes, neuronal signaling, synaptic transmission, and voltage-gated potassium channel activity contributed to the MAIP. Furthermore, the similarity between MAIP gene expression signatures and brain structure, acquired before intervention, predicted learning outcomes in two independent math tutoring cohorts. These findings advance our knowledge of the interplay between neuroanatomical, transcriptomic, and molecular mechanisms underlying mathematical ability and reveal predictive biomarkers of learning. Our findings have implications for the development of personalized education and interventions.

The Effect of Zig-Zag Running Games on Gross Motor Skills of Early Childhood Group B at Paud IT Auladuna 1 Bengkulu City

Finding out how zigzag running games affect young children's gross motor abilities is the goal of this study. Researchers employed quantitative research, or pseudo-experimental methodology. The youngsters in group B at PAUD IT Auladuna 1 Bengkulu City comprised the study population. Using random sampling, 36 children from classes B2 and B5 made up the research sample. There was testing done on the data gathering method. This data analysis method applied the t test. As expected, during the teaching and learning process, the control class learning with body exercise center games had an average value of 70.00, but the zig-zag running game had an average value of 85.56.At a significance level of 0.05, the hypothesis test results indicate that tcount> ttable is 3.909> 1.691. This indicates that, in comparison to the control class, the experimental class receiving the treatment experiences a notable change in value. The findings indicate that group B early childhood students at PAUD IT Auladuna 1 Bengkulu City had improved gross motor abilities as a result of playing zigzag running games. It is recommended that (1) educators utilize it as a substitute for instruction to help early childhood students' gross motor abilities grow and (2) future researchers use it as an inspiration to conduct research and play other games to help kids improve their gross motor skills.

Meningkatkan Kemampuan Sosial Anak TK Kelompok B Melalui Permainan Tradisional Kabadi-Kabadi

This research aims to improve children's social skills through implementing the Kabadi-kabadi Traditional game in Group B TK Ar-Rahman Tobengeano, North Kolaka Regency. The research uses a classroom action research (PTK) design with two cycles. The research subjects consisted of 16 children in Group B TK Ar-Rahman Tobengeano. Data is collected through observation and documentation of the learning process. The results showed that the implementation of the ball maze game significantly improved children's social abilities. In cycle I, there was an increase from 40% to 72.22%, and in cycle II the success rate was 93.75%. The implication of this research is that the ball maze game can be used as an effective alternative method in developing the social skills of children aged 5-6 years. It is expect that this research can contribute to the development of learning strategies in kindergarten and provide guidance for teachers to design learning activities that support children's social development.

Effective Learning Guidance Program in Improving the Calistung Ability of Children Aged 5-10 Years in Sudipayung Village

Calistung is a learning activity carried out by children by writing or drawing on layers of paper orother media spread on the floor. The calistung method aims to develop children's fine motor skills, such as the ability to write, draw, and recognize letters or numbers. CaLisTung can also help children develop cognitive and social skills, such as recognizing colors and shapes and interacting with peers. This service was carried out in Sudipayung Village, Ngampel District, and Kendal Regency. Parti cipants in this program are child renat the elementary school evelin Tanjung Asri Village, with a total of 25 children. The results of the implementation of this service show that the use of the method Calistung students have literacy skills such as reading, writing, and arithmetic. This kind of activitycan create beneficial changes by improving their literacy skills. increases student engagement inlearning and has a positive impacton their emotional as pects, knowledge, and behavior.

PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN PRAKTIK GIZI GURU PAUD DIPERBAIKI DENGAN INTERVENSI e-HEALTH PEGIA

Preschool teachers play a crucial role in influencing children's eating patterns at school, which is of utmost importance considering the detrimental impact of malnutrition on preschool children's cognitive abilities. In order to improve preschool teachers' nutrition behavior, it is imperative to provide education on nutritional behavior. One effective approach is implementing nutrition education for teachers through e-Health, which offers numerous advantages such as easier access and wider reach. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the Pegia eHealth intervention in improving the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of preschool teachers regarding nutrition. The sample consisted of 24 teachers from eight preschool centers in Purwokerto City, Indonesia. The e-Health intervention was conducted for 12 weeks, and the differences before and after the intervention were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed a significant increase in the median knowledge by 12.00 with an interquartile range (IR) of 14.00, the median attitudes by 10.50 (IR: 8.75), and the median nutrition practices by 7.00 (IR: 3.00) (p-value < 0.05). The Pegia eHealth intervention showed its effectiveness in improving the nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and practices of preschool teachers.

Interventions to Reduce Intra-Operative and Post-Operative Pain Associated with Routine Dental Procedures in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

implementing appropriate pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to alleviate pain related to routine dental procedures in paediatric patients could enhance children's ability to manage dental care. The aim of this review was to investigate the effectiveness of and provide recommendations for interventions that can be used to reduce intra-operative and post-operative pain associated with routine paediatric dental procedures. A systematic review of randomised controlled clinical trials (RCT) was conducted. Multiple electronic databases were systematically searched. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for RCTs was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. A meta-analysis was performed to determine the effectiveness of the interventions using the Cohen's d standardised mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for continuous outcomes. The GRADE tool was used to assess the certainty of evidence to make recommendations. The review included forty-five RCTs comprising 3093 children. Thirty-seven RCTs were included in the meta-analysis, which showed the effectiveness of behavioural interventions (SMD = -0.50, 95% CI -0.83 to -0.18), mechanoreceptor and thermal receptor stimulation (SMD = -1.38, 95% CI -2.02 to -0.73) for intra-operative pain, and pre-emptive oral analgesics (SMD = -0.77, 95% CI -1.21 to -0.33) for reducing post-operative pain in children receiving routine dental care. The GRADE results for these interventions were strong recommendation (IB) for their use, based on moderate evidence and their benefits far outweighing the harm, and they can be delivered readily with minimal training to reduce the pain experience of paediatric patients.

The comprehension of clitic gender in child heritage and second language Spanish: evidence from a dual language program

Despite the growth of dual-language programs in the United States, few studies have examined how children acquire Spanish through immersion. This article compares how heritage speakers (HS) and English-fluent Spanish L2 learners (L2L) immersed in Spanish comprehend gender in direct object clitics, an area of Spanish grammar prone to bilingual effects. A total of 78 English-dominant children enrolled in a dual language school participated in the experiment: 24 HS (6 in 2nd grade, 10 in 4th/5th grade, 8 in 7th/8th grade) and 54 L2L (16 in 2nd grade, 20 in 4th/5th grade, 18 in 7th/8th grade). Participants completed a forced-choice task which tested their ability to select target-like clitic gender after hearing sentences such as ‘La niña está tocando la guitarra (feminine). ¿Qué hace?' The girl is playing the guitar (feminine). What does she do? * ‘Lo toca' (masculine singular clitic)/ ‘La toca' (feminine singular clitic) She plays it. Results did not reveal any significant differences at the p < 0.05 level between the HS and L2L groups with accuracy in clitic gender. We found that in receptive knowledge of masculine clitic gender, the HS and L2L children had very similar scores in the 2nd grade and showed a similar improvement in accuracy by the 7th/8th grades. However, we did not find a similar pattern of growth in children's ability to select target-like feminine gender in either group. We discuss our findings and propose possible implications for immersion programs.

Pendekatan Mind Mapping : Proses Pembelajaran Bimbingan Belajar Kumon

So far the education system in Indonesia has not optimally implemented: classroom learning so it does not accommodate the needs of each student. It is proven that remedial learning is still in demand to increase skills outside of class hours. This condition is a serious enough problem that parents are looking for options to increase their children's abilities through tutoring. Schools in all educational units should be able to apply the concept of differential learning, namely learning that prioritizes the learning needs of age to face challenges. However, this does not mean that differentiation learning provides different treatment. In fact, every child is unique, has different styles, interests and abilities. The results of the counseling at Kumon prove the speed of students in answering 100 questions in 5 minutes. On average, students complete their assignments. Then the child learns to the next level. If they cannot reach the time limit, students will be motivated to repeat it until they meet the minimum time limit. The mind mapping and Kumon methods have similarities

'I don't want him to always be so far behind': Parental perceptions of child independence in the context of extreme prematurity; a qualitative study.

This study addresses the paucity of research on parents of extremely preterm adolescents (born <27weeks of gestation) and their experiences within the framework of parental determinism. We conducted semi-structured interviews with twenty-two mothers and one father. Data were analysed thematically, revealing three overarching themes and eight subthemes shaping parental accounts. These themes centred on parental ambitions for their children, their perceptions of their child's abilities, and the parenting behaviours employed to support parental aspirations. Parents' actions were influenced by their ambitions and the belief that they could impact their child's future independence. While some parents adopted 'trusting', non-intensive parenting behaviours, those anticipating challenges for their child's future independence resorted to intensive parenting practices. These findings align with the concept of parental determinism, emphasising the perceived causal link between present parental actions and future child outcomes. In the context of extreme prematurity, a nuanced understanding of parental perceptions regarding their child's future independence aligned with a delicate balance between hope and realistic aspiration is crucial for enhancing parental support and well-being.

The Effect of Educational Game Tools Rotating Series Story Cards on The Speaking Ability of Children 5-6 Years Old at TKIT Shalih Child Character Padang

The purpose of this study was to analyze the extent of the influence of the use of Rotating Series Story Cards on the speaking ability of children aged 5-6 years at TKIT Karakter Anak Shalih Padang. The type of research used is quantitative experimental research (Quasi Experimental Design), with a Nonequivalent Posttest-Only Control Group Deign approach), The research population is 5-6 year old children in Group B1 as the experimental class and B2 as the control class with a total of 30 students. Data collection was carried out by observation and checklists. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS 24.0, using tests and hypotheses. Based on the results of the study, it shows that there is a significant effect of using educational game tools for rotating series story cards on the speaking ability of children aged 5-6 years at TKIT Karakter Anak Shalih Padang, it can be seen from the statistical test results Based on the results of the Independent Sample T-test test, it can be seen that the significance value is 0.171 indicating that 0.171 ≥ 0.01 then ????0 is accepted. So it can be concluded that there is an effect of using educational game tools Rotating Series Story Cards on the speaking ability of children aged 5-6 years in TKIT Karakter Anak Shalih Padang.

Assistive Technology: Sensor Bike Programmed (Propesor) as an Accommodative Aid for Children with Hearing Impairment

This research discusses the design of assistive technology, especially the Sensor Bike Program (Propesor) as an accommodative aid for children with hearing impairments, this tool is a follow-up to the child's inability to listen to sounds or sounds around him. This puts them in a dangerous situation when driving, therefore an innovative tool is needed that can help them to recognise sounds or sounds around them. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, assessments, and documentation studies to collect comprehensive data as a basis for developing tools that suit the needs of children. The result of this research is a hypothetical design of the Sensor Bike Program (Propesor) and is ready to be realised into a valid tool.

Modification of ABA VB Therapy Methods with Pomodoro to Improve Verbal Communication in Autism Children

Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder in children characterized by disturbances and delays in cognitive, language, behavioral, and social interactions. Verbal Behavior approach is one of the methods of ABA which is used to increase desired behavior and reduce unwanted problems, while pomodoro is a timing technique. This article describes the implementation of an intervention program for children with autism, this program modifies ABA VB therapy and combines it with a timing technique, namely POMODORO. The author implemented the program for 4 meetings. At the first meeting until the fourth meeting there was an increase in the child's verbal ability although it was not so visible. The intervention program developed by the author had good results, because at the first meeting the results were already visible. This intervention should be done repeatedly or routinely so that children get used to it and get maximum results.

Concept of Child Development Theory Based on Perceptional and Motor Domains

Children's motor development is very important because children are confident in their environment, including when playing with their friends, children who grow and develop without motor skills will become inferior in carrying out tasks related to their skills. The aim of this research is to provide illustrated abilities in completing certain motor tasks, to provide the ability to be able to train children's body movements during motor development and to hone children's fine and gross motor skills. The method used by the author is a literature review analysis. In the process of motor perception, environmental stimuli that are relevant to movement are recognized, appropriate movement information is sent in the form of output to the muscles to produce various types of movement. Up to the fine and gross motoric stages, perceptual motor skills are also very important in improving children's motor skills and academic abilities.

Exploring and evaluating understandings of children’s centres ‘core purpose’ through qualitative thematic analysis

ABSTRACT This paper evaluates the complex understandings of practitioners about the ‘core purpose’ of Children’s Centres in the context of the on-going suspension of Children’s Centres by the UK government education and children’s care inspection service Ofsted. Children’s Centres in the UK provide a range of services for families with children up to five years of age who are identified as vulnerable or in need. In this qualitative study the data were purposefully gathered from in-depth interviews with four practitioners and documents related to Children’s Centres. The evaluation’s main findings identified a lack of awareness of the core purpose amongst practitioners, the ability of Children’s Centres to tackle inequalities was hampered because of the structural inequalities’ families face, and localism was a key feature of the evaluated Centre’s approach. The research implications of this evaluation include the need for Children’s Centres to establish what their actual purpose is. The core purpose of Children’s Centres is explainable but only by government providing of a clearer definition of what inequality looks like. Austerity politics have contributed to inequality in UK society, along with a lack of government policy and valuing of early intervention services, such as Children’s Centres.

Effect of partner presence on emotion regulation during parent-child interactions.

Having people around, especially if they provide social support, often leads to positive outcomes both physically and mentally. Mere social presence is especially beneficial when it comes from a loved one or romantic partner. In these studies, we aim to expand the understanding of how the presence of one's romantic partner affects emotion regulation in parental situations. Specifically, we examined how partner presence influences the parent's emotional intensity, emotion regulation, and interpretation of their child's emotion regulation. We examined these questions in parents of both non-autistic children (Study 1) as well as autistic children (Study 2), which we hypothesize leads to more intense emotional interactions. The parents of autistic children were better able to regulate their emotions when their partners were present compared to when they were absent. Furthermore, in both studies, parents' ratings of their children's ability to regulate their emotions were higher when their parent's partner was present compared to when the partner was absent. However, in both studies, we found no significant difference in the parents' emotional intensity when their partners were present compared to when their partners were absent during the emotionally charged interaction with their child. Our findings help highlight the impact of partner presence on parent and child emotion regulation.

Analisis Media Flashcard Terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Anak Autis di SLB TNCC Banda Aceh

Children with special needs (ABK) are children who have obstacles in their development caused by internal and external factors. Autism is a congenital disorder that children experience from birth, where it affects the child's ability to communicate or speak, making it difficult for the child to communicate both verbally and non-verbally. Difficulty speaking experienced by autistic children hinders the child from interacting with people in the surrounding environment. Flashcard media is media that contains interesting and simple pictures that can help improve children's speaking skills. The aim of this research is to find out the influence of flashcard media on speaking abilities in autistic children. The type of research used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques in this research are observation, interviews and documentation. The subject in this research was an autistic child with the initials A, a 5 year old male. The research results show that using flashcard media can improve speaking skills in autistic children.

An Examination of the Language Situation of Left-behind Children in the National Rural Revitalisation Focused Help—Taking Youyang as an Example

Left-behind children, as the key object of rural revitalization, and their language status are crucial to the improvement of the quality of rural education and the overall revitalization strategy. Taking Youyang County as an example, this study analyses left-behind children's language ability, language use, and language attitudes to derive the factors influencing their development, as well as the conclusions and recommendations, using questionnaires, interviews, observations, and other methods with left-behind children as the objects of investigation. The results will provide strong support for improving language education for left-behind children and promoting rural revitalization.