Child Health In Indonesia Research Articles

Parental decision-making in taking care of child health in Indonesia: Findings from a national survey

Background: The decision-making process to search for child health services involves interaction among the mother, partner, and other family members. Parental decision-making is highly complex since it involves an emotional consideration between the benefit and the child's future. The common problem in deciding the service is the lack of capabilities, such as facility, knowledge, and skill.Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of socio-demographic factors on parents' decision-making in obtaining health services for their children Methods: This study design was cross-sectional data from the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) of 2017, which was applied in this study. The respondents involved were 8,838 women aged 15-49 who had given birth in the last five years. This study employed descriptive, chi-square, and regression statistics analysis. The results were provided as adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95 percent confidence intervals. The statistical analysis utilized SPSS version 21.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).Results: Bivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between decision-making and age, living place, educational background, and wealth index (p-values 0.030, <0.001, 0.002, and 0.006), but not with health insurance ownership (p=0.242). After multivariate analysis, only age-related decisions were associated with a significant risk. It explained that younger group (15-29) has a 0.325 times chance of making a joint decision than the 40 to 49-year-old group (AOR: 0.325; 95%CI: 0.144-0.733). Conclusion: Parental decision-making regarding childcare is related to several factors, namely age, living place, educational background, and socioeconomic status. Health education is a strategy to promote child health in Indonesia by facilitating proper decision-making.

Continuum of care in maternal and child health in Indonesia.

This paper aims to empirically analyze the socioeconomic and demographic correlates of maternal and child health (MCH) care utilization in Indonesia using the continuum of care (CoC) concept. The concept of CoC has emerged as an important guiding principle in reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health. Indonesia's maternal mortality rate, neonatal mortality, and under-five mortality rates are among the highest in the Southeast Asian region. Using pooled data from four successive waves of the nationally representative Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) conducted in the years 2002, 2007, 2012, and 2017, we use multivariate regression models to analyze care across four components of the continuum: antenatal care (ANC), institutional delivery, postnatal care for children, and full immunization (IM). CoC at each stage of MCH care has improved continuously over the period 2002-2017 in Indonesia. Despite this, just less than one out of two children receive all four components of the CoC. The overall coverage of CoC from its second stage (four or more ANC visits) to the final stage (full child IM) is driven by the dropouts at the ANC visit stage, followed by the loss of postnatal checkups and child IM. We find that the probability of a child receiving CoC at each of the four stages is significantly associated with maternal age and education, the household's socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, and economic status. Complete CoC with improved, affordable, and accessible MCH care services has the potential to accelerate the progress of Sustainable Development Goal 3 by reducing maternal and childhood mortality risks. Our findings show that in Indonesia, the CoC continuously declines as women proceed from ANC to other MCH services, with a sharp decline observed after four ANC visits. Our study has identified key socioeconomic characteristics of women and children that increase their probability of failing to access care.

Education on early detection of stunting for health cadres at Mawar Integrated Health Post, Sogaten, Surakarta

The Riskesdas (National Health Survey) by the Ministry of Health in 2020 states that 30.8% of the population is experiencing stunting, which has decreased from 37.2% in 2013. However, the prevalence of stunting remains high, with two provinces having stunting rates above 40%. To address this problem, efforts are needed to prevent stunting through education for health cadres. Cadres often assume that short children do not have a problem as long as they are not experiencing physical illness and can still play with their peers. The purpose of this education is to improve the knowledge and skills of cadres regarding stunting in children and the steps for prevention, detection, and management to reduce stunting rates among toddlers. The educational activities are conducted through health education sessions attended by the health cadres of the Mawar Posyandu in the Sogaten area. The topics covered include the concept of stunting, its causes, signs and symptoms, its impact on growth and development, as well as early detection methods for stunting in children. Through these activities, there is an increase in the knowledge of health cadres regarding stunting and early detection in children, thereby reducing stunting rates and improving child health in Indonesia.

Management of Intranatal Care Health Services for Premature Rupture of Membranes at the Happy Minasaupa Mother and Child Hospital

Maternal death due to complications during childbirth or infection after childbirth is a fact of life throughout human history, but improvements in medical services have resulted in significant reductions in maternal mortality in developed countries. Until now, maternal mortality is still one of the priority issues in the field of maternal and child health in Indonesia. Every one hour two mothers in Indonesia die during childbirth due to various causes. The direct causes of maternal death in Indonesia are bleeding, infection and eclampsia. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze basic data and to evaluate the need for immediate action on premature rupture of membranes at the Happy Minasaupa Mother and Child Hospital, Makassar. The research method used was Varney's seven-step method which included identification of basic data, formulating diagnoses, interventions, implementation and evaluation of midwifery care for women in labor with premature rupture of membranes and documentation. Conclude that the goals of midwifery care applied are achieved as expected.

Comparison of Low Birth Weight Incidence Between the Program and Non-Program of the First 1000 Days of Life

Currently, Indonesia is facing a challenge regarding the issue of low birth weight (LBW) infants, including in South Sulawesi, which contributes to infant mortality. Data shows an increasing incidence of LBW in South Sulawesi from 2.94% in 2013 to 8.13% in 2015. This article also discusses the First 1000 Days of Life (HPK) program as an effort to improve maternal and child health in Indonesia. The research conducted is a descriptive survey using a cross-sectional study design. The research sample consists of pregnant mothers who participate in the First 1000 Days of Life program and those who do not participate in the program in the city of Makassar. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence of LBW among program participants and non-participants of the First 1000 Days of Life program at PSPD UINAM in the city of Makassar. Research findings: The incidence of LBW among active program participants is lower, with a total of 1 (4%) out of 26 infants, compared to a higher incidence of LBW among non-program participants, with a total of 8 infants (31%) out of 26 infants. Conclusion: The incidence of LBW in the city of Makassar is higher among pregnant mothers who do not participate in the program compared to those who do participate

Grouping Analysis of Maternal and Child Health Degree in Indonesia, Using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square-Prediction Oriented Segmentation (Sem Pls-Pos)

One of Indonesia's development goals in 2020-2024 is to form quality and competitive human resources. One of the efforts to achieve this goal is to improve the quality of maternal and child health. However, the issue of Maternal and Child Health (MCH) is still a challenge for the Indonesian health system. This study aims to determine the modeling and to obtain provincial groupings based on the degree of maternal and child health in Indonesia. The method used is Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square-Prediction Oriented Segmentation (SEM PLS-POS). The results of the PLS SEM analysis showed that the environmental variables and health services had a significant effect on the health status of mothers and children with an R2 value of 48.8%. The grouping of provinces based on the degree of maternal and child health in Indonesia using PLS-POS produces 3 segment classes. Segment 1 consists of 11 provinces, segment 2 consists of 13 provinces and segment 3 consists of 10 provinces with a large influence between different latent variables.

Risk factors and clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in pregnant women in Indonesia

Background/Aims Pregnant women are at higher risk for severe illness from COVID-19 than non-pregnant women. Research investigating risk factors and clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in pregnant women is limited in Indonesia. Therefore, this study's aim was to investigate these clinical issues. Methods For this observational cross-sectional study, data were collected from Merah Putih Government Hospital. A total of 106 medical records were analysed using descriptive statistics and Pearson's Chi-squared test, to examine differences in risk factors or clinical manifestations in pregnant women with or without COVID-19. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of risk factors such as diabetes, bronchial asthma and cardiovascular disease. There were significant differences between the groups for clinical manifestations of fever, cough, dyspnea, ageusia, rapid antigen test and lymphocytopenia. Conclusions Coordinated care strategies should be initiated, particularly in the assessment of vulnerable pregnant women. Future pandemic preparedness studies should be considered to improve and protect maternal and child health in Indonesia.

Breastfeeding Trends and it's Related Factors in Indonesia: A National Survey

This cross-sectional study aimed to examine breastfeeding trends and factors in Indonesia using Demographic Health Survey (DHS) data from 2007 to 2017. The research data were obtained from three Indonesia Demographic Health Surveys. The data covered households and women aged 15‒49 years old, including 40,701 households and 32,895 women in 2007; 43,852 households and 45,607 women in 2012; and 47,963 households and 49,627 women in 2017. Descriptive statistics was deployed to analyze the sociodemographic factors of the respondents. A questionnaire was employed to obtain data on the mothers' age, residence, education, economic status, mother working, marital status, literacy, place of delivery, first Antenatal Care (ANC) place, child size at birth, and gender of the child. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to analyze factors related to breastfeeding and how big the impact is. The findings indicate that the trend of breastfeeding in Indonesia significantly decreased based on the characteristics of mothers and children. The rates of breastfeeding (exclusive breastfeeding infants aged 0‒5 months who received only breast milk) among mothers living in urban areas decreased significantly from 41.6% in 2012 to 38.4% in 2017. In 2017, children with normal birth weight (OR=0.87, 95% CI:0.53‒1.45), boys (OR=1.01, 95% CI:0.92‒1.10), and non-illiterate mothers (OR=0.50, 95% CI:0.46‒0.55) had higher odds of breastfeeding compared to children with small birth weight, girls, and illiterate mothers. Factors associated with breastfeeding also change every year. In 2012, breastfeeding was related to marital status and delivery, but in 2017 it was not associated with those factors. Factors related to breastfeeding in Indonesia are age, residence, education, weight index, size of child at birth, mother’s occupation, marital status, literacy, place of delivery, and first ANC place. These results are important for developing policies to improve maternal and child health in Indonesia by increasing education and mother training for early initiation of breastfeeding.

Continuum of care in maternal, newborn and child health in Indonesia: Evidence from the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey.

Background:Maternal and child health improved considerably due to the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. However, the rate of preventable death worldwide remains high. Nevertheless, implementation was insufficient in low- and middle-income countries, including Indonesia. The study aims to assess the relationships between continuum of care (CoC) in maternal, neonatal and child health (MNCH) services and levels of care in Indonesia, examine the distribution of utilisation and investigate the associations between CoC in MNCH.Design and methods:Data were derived from the recent 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey. Fieldwork took place from July 24 to September 30, 2017. The sample included ever-married women aged 15–49 years who had given birth in the last 5 years prior to the survey. The total sample size is 15,288.Results:Only 52.6% (n = 8038) continued to receive the three levels of MNCH services. Multivariate analysis revealed that variables, such as socioeconomic status, parity and distance from health facilities were statistically significantly associated with the continuum from antenatal to postnatal care (PNC). The use of each level of MNCH care is correlated with the next level of care. Antenatal care is associated with delivery care which is subsequently associated with postnatal care.Conclusions:Identifying populations that contribute significantly to overall health inequalities and a well-established follow-up system from pregnancy to PNC may enhance maternal and child health and equity outcomes.

Influence of Relationship Marketing on Customer Loyalty (Case Study of Midwives Patient Referral in Bekasi Regency)

Midwives are important in maintaining maternal & child health in Indonesia. Midwives often have to refer patients to hospitals, due to lack of facilities or also limited work scope. On patients seeking treatment with personal funds, referral system usually follows policies of the midwife concerned. On heavily populated urban area like Bekasi regency, hospitals must compete for limited midwives' referral. The data collection from respondents was carried out using an offline and online questionnaire. The sample respondents were Bekasi Regency midwives who had referred their patients to hospitals. Based on research, 151 respondents were selected through purposive sampling method. This research used SmartPLS. Relationships between variables were investigated with structural equation modeling and the results analyzed with STP & 7P Marketing Mix analysis. The findings indicated that outcome quality as part of relationship marketing had a significant effect on customer trust. Customer trust also had a significant effect on the customer value and loyalty, while interaction and physical environment quality had no significant effect on midwives' loyalty. So, it's improved that hospitals maintained & continuously their outcome quality on referral patients. Through STP (segmenting, targeting, and positioning) and 7P marketing mix approach, the author recommends that hospitals must make patient needs a top priority and be able to serve swiftly and maximally, especially in three most cases of midwife referral patients, namely mild/ severe pre-eclampsia, premature rupture of membranes, and breech delivery. Hospitals must also integrate their service with good marketing and systematic information delivery process. Keywords: customer loyalty, customer trust, customer value, relationship marketing, service quality, midwives, STP, 7P marketing mix

Migration Activities, Household Characteristic and Child Health in Indonesia

This paper investigates the impact of household characteristics on child health outcomes in Indonesia using Indonesian family Life Survey. This paper using birth wage, infant mortality and Z score to represent child health. Using Random effect method and random effect probit method, this paper found sending migrant household have larger amount of infant mortality case than non-sending migrant household. According to that findings we know that sending migrant household dominated by families with low incomes. However, we also find food consumption have influence of child health in the families. These results provide a broader view of the economic characteristics of households and their consequences for infant health than is offered by the existing literature.Keywords: The authors are requested to supply 3-5 Keywords, separated by a comma, that can be used for indexing/abstracting purposes.

Impact Of Working Mother To Children’s Health In Indonesia

There are still many challenges facing the field of child health in Indonesia. Children's health is crucial due to its role in Indonesia’s future economic development and growth. The objective of this research is to determine the consequence of a mother’s work status on children's health. Other factors such as the effect of the location of residence (urban and rural) and the level of mother's education are also evaluated on children's health. This study was conducted using data obtained from IFLS 5 (Indonesia Family Life Survey 5) in 2014 with a sample size of 8,907 individuals. This study utilizes the Binary Logit regression method using STATA 14. The results indicated that the status of a mother’s work has a significant and negative effect on the level of children's health, while the mother's education level and location of residence (urban) have a significant and positive effect on the level of children's health. This research implies the promotion of education for future improvements in child health. Keywords: Child Health; Mother's Education Status; Mother's Work Status; Place of Residence

EFFECTIVENESS OF FORMING BREASTFEEDING SUPPORT GROUP PROGRAM TO IMPROVE EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is a problem of maternal and child health in Indonesia. With Breastfeeding Support Group, exclusive breastfeeding is expected to improve. Sugihwaras Village and Sumbergede Village have been initiating Breastfeeding Support Group program. However, the framework of Breastfeeding Support Group program and intervention methods for pregnant and breastfeeding mothers in both villages were different.Aim: It analyzed the effectiveness of forming Breastfeeding Support Group program and intervention programs for pregnant and breastfeeding mothers to improve exclusive breastfeeding in Sugihwaras Village and Sumbergede Village.Methods: This study used a case study approach to the formation of Breastfeeding Support Group program. Comparative analysis was done descriptively by selecting samples from the Fieldwork Report of Group 14 and 15 in the period of 2017/2018, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga. This study applied total sampling technique and descriptive analysis by comparing community’s characteristics (as input), a form of intervention and program management (as a process), and results of evaluating the formation of Breastfeeding Support Group (as an output).Results: Community’s characteristics in both villages tend to be similar, and the average duration of each program was the same. Sumbergede Village focused on the readiness of forming cadres for Breastfeeding Support Group program, while Sugihwaras Village focused on breastfeeding mothers and their husbands. Indicator analysis of the program showed that Sumbergede Village (80.00% achieved) had a 5.71% higher percentage of attainment compared to Sugihwaras Village (85.71% achieved). Analysis of the program’s strengths and weaknesses pointed out that Sumbergede Village had more values and power in resources in its region.Conclusion: The intervention program in Sumbergede Village tends to be more effective. It has greater potential to be a sustainable program in the following year to improve 100% exclusive breastfeeding. Keywords: Breastfeeding Support Group, exclusive breastfeeding, intervention, effectiveness.

The Effect of Sweet Potato Leaf Decoction and Iron Tablet against Increased Hemoglobin Levels in Pregnant Women

Background. Anemia in pregnant women is currently a national problem of maternal and child health in Indonesia. Based on Riskesdas data in 2013, the prevalence of pregnant women with anemia in Indonesia was 37.1%, namely pregnant women with Hb levels of less than 11.0 grams/dl, with almost the same proportion in urban areas (36.4%) and rural (37.8%). The program of giving at least 90 iron tablets during pregnancy is an important component in efforts to prevent iron deficiency anemia. However, the absorption of non-heme iron can be increased by consuming vitamin C from fruits, vegetables, or other food factors that facilitate absorption. One of them is the local wisdom of Pekalongan Regency, namely sweet potato leaf which is used as a vegetable. The purpose of this study was to determine maternal hemoglobin levels before and after being given the treatment of boiling sweet potato leaves and iron tablets. Methods. This research is a pre-post experiment research (mini-research) with a sample of 4 people who will be assessed and assessed for hemoglobin levels before and after treatment. Results. The result shows that the treatment of 100 grams of sweet potato leaves decoction for 10 days can increase hemoglobin levels in each respondent at R1 1.7 gr%, R2 2.1, R3 2.2, and R4 2.7 gr%. Conclusion. Further research is needed to prove the stronger benefits of sweet potato leaf decoction in helping to increase Hb levels of pregnant women by increasing the number of samples and testing hematocrit levels in the blood.

Pemeriksaan Antenatal Care (ANC) terhadap Penyakit Menular pada Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Kampung Harapan, Kabupaten Jayapura

Antenatal Care (ANC) is an effort to improve maternal and child health in Indonesia. ANC activities was done to avoid the level of vulnerability of pregnant women, although to date the maternal and infant mortality rates are still high. The low level of maternal knowledge and lack of husband's support to stimulate mothers to regularly do ANC causes low maternal participation in pregnancy visits. Some ANC examinations that are quite important because they are very influential on mother and child, for examples are the examination of syphilis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), blood pressure and urine protein. This study aims to record the ANC examinations performed on pregnant women. This study was conducted at the Kampung Harapan Health Center Jayapura Regency from December 2017 to January 2018. The samples in this study are 30 people. Research method with Laboratory Exploratory Approach in the form of Treponerna Pallidum Haemagglutination Assay (TPHA) and Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT), Blood Pressure Examination and 6% Acetic Acid Method. The results showed that 10% of sample is positive of syphilis and 10% of it was HIV positive. In addition, the results of the observations also showed that 47% of sample were known to have low blood pressure, while 53% of them had normal blood pressure. Examination of urine protein showed good results or 100% negative. Key words: antenatal care, syphilis, HIV, blood pressure, and urine protein.Â

Relationship between family income and child health in Indonesia

This study aims to examine the income-health gradient and empirically test the probability of the dependent variable on the child's health status, especially the role of insurance variables, and maternal variables working on children's health status. The use of these 2 (two) variables aims to reduce the social-economic relationship between family income and children's health status. The results of replication from Park's study (2010) showed different income-health gradient results. In this study the results of income-health gradient occurred in school-age children in the 2000-2007 panel data and income-health gradient occurred in the 2007-2014 panel data for preschool and school-aged children, in contrast to Park's (2010) income-health gradient results. only occurs in preschoolers. The role of insurance variables has not been able to reduce the relationship of family income and children's health, while the working mothers variable can reduce the relationship of family income and child health only on the 2000-2007 panel data. Supervision and improvement of insurance facilities by the government as a solution to improve children's health in an effort to break the chain of intergenerational poverty, and increase the program of increasing the proportion of the population with calorie intake below the consumption level of 1400 kcal / capita / day.

Promosi Kesehatan dengan Buku KIA Terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil dan Ante Natal Care Di Puskesmas Ceper Klaten Tahun 2011

Abstract: Health Promotion, Book KIA, Pengetahuan Antenatal Care. Mother and child health in Indonesia is still a major problem. It can be seen from the maternal mortality rate (MMR) that is still high. According to the extrapolation Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in 2007 MMR at 248 per 100,000 live births, while the MDG's target of 2015 was 102/100.000 KH (Department of Health, 2008). In Klaten district from 2005 to 2008 maternal mortality rate has decreased. In 2005 AKI showed 0.61, by 2006 MMR decreased by 0.47, in 2007, maternal mortality was 1.31, while in 2008 rose to 1.33 in 2009 and decreased to 0.98 (Klaten District Health Profile , 2009). Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (KIA) is a book containing instruments to record the mother and child health condition, and consists of the guide for health promotion for mothers and their families, as well as a means of communication between health professionals and families. Research Objective is to know the impact of health promotion using books KIA t the increased knowledge and antenatal care to pregnant women in the health centers Ceper. The study was experiment with a survey approach. The study design is one group pre test - post test. Result shows the knowledge level of pregnant women about the Maternal and Child Book in Health Center Ceper Klaten area in 2011 was moderate level before being given a book MCH 28 (56%).After reading the book, the majority of pregnant mother which is 45 (90%) have a high level of knowledge with significance of 0001 and the r value correlation is low (0.389). The knowledge of antenatal care before being given the book at moderate level account 29 (58%) and after being given KIA book, the majority of pregnant mother, 39 (70%) have a high level of knowledge with significance 0:00 and r value 0,441 that means the correlation was moderate.

LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND COMMUNITY LEADERS’ PERSPECTIVES ON CHILD HEALTH AND MORTALITY AND INEQUITY ISSUES IN RURAL EASTERN INDONESIA

Since 2001 a decentralization policy has increased the responsibility placed on local government for improving child health in Indonesia. This paper explores local government and community leaders' perspectives on child health in a rural district in Indonesia, using a qualitative approach. Focus group discussions were held in May 2013. The issues probed relate to health personnel skills and motivation, service availability, the influence of traditional beliefs, and health care and gender inequity. The participants identify weak leadership, inefficient health management and inadequate child health budgets as important issues. The lack of health staff in rural areas is seen as the reason for promoting the use of traditional birth attendants. Midwifery graduates and village midwives are perceived as lacking motivation to work in rural areas. Some local traditions are seen as detrimental to child health. Husbands provide little support to their wives. These results highlight the need for a harmonization and alignment of the efforts of local government agencies and local community leaders to address child health care and gender inequity issues.

Child Health and Rainfall in Early Life

This article investigates the links between early-life rainfall and long-term child health in Indonesia. The model specification pays close attention to the timing of rainfall before and after birth, and to the mechanisms by which rainfall might affect health. The model separates out effects of the amount of rainfall from variability in rainfall, and the direction of variability. Results provide evidence of early life rainfall having both nutrition and disease effects on child height-for-age, especially for urban children.

Millennium development goal four and child health inequities in indonesia: a systematic review of the literature.

IntroductionMillennium Development Goal (MDG) 4 calls for reducing mortality of children under-five years by two-thirds by 2015. Indonesia is on track to officially meet the MDG 4 targets by 2015 but progress has been far from universal. It has been argued that national level statistics, on which MDG 4 relies, obscure persistent health inequities within the country. Particularly inequities in child health are a major global public health challenge both for achieving MDG 4 in 2015 and beyond. This review aims to map out the situation of MDG 4 with respect to disadvantaged populations in Indonesia applying the Social Determinants of Health (SDH) framework. The specific objectives are to answer: Who are the disadvantaged populations? Where do they live? And why and how is the inequitable distribution of health explained in terms of the SDH framework?Methods and FindingsWe retrieved studies through a systematic review of peer-reviewed and gray literature published in 1995-2014. The PRISMA-Equity 2012 statement was adapted to guide the methods of this review. The dependent variables were MDG 4-related indicators; the independent variable “disadvantaged populations” was defined by different categories of social differentiation using PROGRESS. Included texts were analyzed following the guidelines for deductive content analysis operationalized on the basis of the SDH framework. We identified 83 studies establishing evidence on more than 40 different determinants hindering an equitable distribution of child health in Indonesia. The most prominent determinants arise from the shortcomings within the rural health care system, the repercussions of food poverty coupled with low health literacy among parents, the impact of low household decision-making power of mothers, and the consequences of high persistent use of traditional birth attendants among ethnic minorities.ConclusionThis review calls for enhanced understanding of the determinants and pathways that create, detain, and overcome inequities in child health in resource constraint settings like Indonesia and the promotion of actionable health policy recommendations and tailored investments.