Chemical Properties Of Acid Soil Research Articles

Effectiveness of micro-dosing of lime on selected chemical properties of soil in Banja District, North West, Ethiopia

Abstract Soil acidity significantly impacted the agricultural productivity of Ethiopia. Liming has been used as a soil ameliorator, albeit it was not successful due to inadequate availability, high cost, and poor infrastructure for lime transportation to the required agricultural land area. Hence, soil amendment with a minimum amount of lime application is a viable option to improve agricultural productivity sustainably. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of micro-dosing lime on selected chemical properties of acidic soil in North West, Ethiopia. Three lime application methods and eight treatment approaches were used in the field experiment employing a randomized complete block design with four replications. Independent soil samples were collected before and after liming and analyzed for selected chemical properties. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance using SPSS version 22.0 and SAS 9.3. The application of lime had a significant impact (p < 0.01) on the selected soil chemical properties. Micro-dose application of lime efficiently affected the selected soil chemical properties. The results showed that water pH, available phosphorus, cation exchange capacity, and organic carbon exhibited a considerable increase per kg of applied lime: 2.5 × 10−3, 101.3 × 10−3 (mg kg−1), 160 × 10−3 (Cmol(+) kg−1), and 3 × 10−3%, respectively. Conversely, exchangeable aluminum and exchangeable acidity decreased per kg of applied lime by 7.8 × 10−3 (Cmol(+) kg−1) and 12.2 (Cmol(+) kg−1) × 10−3, respectively. Therefore, the micro-dosing lime application proved to be more effective in influencing these soil properties than other application methods, emphasizing its potential as a valuable soil amendment strategy for small-scale farming.

Effect of Incubation of Biochars Amendment on the Chemical Properties of Acidic Soil

Biochar is considered as universal conditioner to improve soil quality, but its effect on different soil types and rates on soil properties,bacterial community and plant growth are still unclear,particularly in the typical acid soil in southeastern Nigeria. This study was done to know the changes in soil chemical composition which could be caused by dissolution and release of nutrients from biochar in an incubation experiment. The study was conducted during rainy season in 2022 in Sobioma Agro Farms LTD using loamy sand with acidic pH (5.7). The soil were collected from the same farm. Soil was filled in separate plastic bucket with lid (2kg capacity) and treatments imposed as per the treatment details; T1: Corn Cob charred for 60 minutes @ 20 t ha-1 T2: Rice husk charred for 60 minutes @ 20 t ha -1 and T3: Poultry manure charred for 60 minutes @ 20 t ha-1. The treatments were replicated thrice, then repeated for different days of incubation (15,30 and 45days respectively). The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD). In this study, the biochar carbon content and Total N ranges from 95.9 to 181.4 gkg" 1 and 5.2 to 8.9 gkg' 1 respectively with the highest values on rice husk biochar (Table 3). Poultry manure showed highest significant (P O.05) effect in Cu (1.61 mgkg- 1), Mn (5.26 mgkg- 1 ) and Fe (6.54 mgkg 1 ) compared to rice husk biochar and corn cob biochar (Table 4). The Cations Exchange Capacity (CEC) and base saturation (BS) increased after amendment of the acidic soil with PMB (5.51 cmolkg' 1 and 85.4% respectively).
 The results revealed that, application of different biochar increased the pH and other soil chemical properties evaluated with slight increase only in exchangeable k and Na and a decrease in exchange acidity (A l and H) of soil. During the incubation experiment changes were noticed, some nutrient element showed a continuous increase with incubation time (exchangeable Al and H in Corn cob and poultry manure biochar respectively) while some reached its maximum at the mid incubation time (CEC, BS, TN, Av.P and OM in poultry manure biochar). In some cases a decline was observed up to the mid incubation period after which an increase was observed (Exchangeable Ca and Mg in corn cob biorchar and Exchangeable k and Na in Rice husk buiochar). This work stresses the importance of biochar to soil quality improvement.

Effect of Mg-Modified Waste Straw Biochar on the Chemical and Biological Properties of Acidic Soils.

Biochar is important for soil improvement, fertilizer innovation, and greenhouse gas reduction. In this paper, Mg-modified biochar was prepared from rice and corn straw and mixed with soil at a 1% (w/w) addition in an indoor soil simulation experiment to study the effect of Mg-modified biochar on the chemical properties of acidic soil. The results showed that the addition of Mg-modified biochar reduced soil acidity and improved soil fertility. Compared with the control group, the Mg-modified biochar treatment significantly increased the concentrations of available potassium, available phosphorus, total phosphorus, organic carbon and exchangeable calcium and magnesium in the soil, and effectively increased the concentration of total nitrogen. Rice straw Mg-modified biochar treatment was more effective in increasing the soil-available potassium, available phosphorus, total phosphorus and exchangeable magnesium concentration, while corn straw Mg-modified biochar was more effective in increasing the soil organic carbon and exchangeable calcium concentration. In addition, the high pyrolysis temperature of Mg-modified biochar was more effective in promoting the soil-available potassium, available phosphorus and total nitrogen concentration, while the low pyrolysis temperature of Mg-modified biochar was more effective in promoting soil alkaline nitrogen, exchangeable calcium and magnesium.

The potential for biochar application in "Shatangju" (Citrus reticulate cv.) orchard on acid red soil: Biochar prepared from its organic waste in an orchard.

Carbonization of agricultural and forestry wastes is the main use of biochar application in agriculture. In this study, the effects of biochar on the physical and chemical properties of soil and diversity in rhizosphere microorganisms, leaf nutrients and fruit quality of acid red soil in "Shatangju" (Citrus reticulate cv.) orchard were studied using organic wastes and small-scale carbonization furnaces from orchards were used to produce biochar. The results showed that the finished rate of biochar produced from the organic wastes in the orchard was approximately 37%, and the carbon content of the finished product was as high as 80%. The results suggested that the biochar produced in the orchard could meet the annual consumption of the orchard. Applying biochar can improve the physical and chemical properties of acid soil in the "Shatangju" orchard by enhancing the availability of various mineral nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and boron. The species and quantity of root and rhizosphere microbial communities (fungi, bacteria and archaea) increased, and the dominant bacterial group changed, manifested in the increase in microbial diversity. Biochar directly affected the soil pH value and increased the soil organic carbon content, which may be the main reason for the change in microbial diversity in the soil and rhizosphere of "Shatangju" in the orchard and pot tests. The fruit quality of each treatment group with biochar was also better than that of the control group and improved fruit coloring. In the pure soil test, whether or not chemical fertilizer was applied, 3% biochar amendments can provide a suitable pH value for "Shatangju" growth and are relatively stable. Regardless of whether or not fertilizer was applied, 1.5%-3% biochar improved the soil in the pot test. In the field, the biochar at a rate of 2.4 kg/plant to 3.6 kg/plant, respectively, was the best in improving soil physical and chemical properties, foliar nutrition and fruit quality. Therefore, the amount of biochar added in the open environment (if the garden) can be slightly adjusted according to the results of the closed environment test (pure soil test and pot test). In this experiment, we explored the self-recycling of organic carbon, mainly through the preparation of a simple small-scale biochar furnace suitable for the use by orchards, and selected the appropriate amount of biochar to improve the physical and chemical conditions of "Shatangju" orchard soil and increase fruit quality.

Chemical properties of acid soil after amelioration of dolomite, coal, and microbes

Soil acidity and issues with aluminum (Al) toxicity are typically limiting concerns for agricultural soil utilization. Liming can be used to solve problems with acidic soils. Another option for dealing with acid soil problems is to use coal enriched with sulfate-reduced bacteria (SRB) or Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (AF). In a sustainable agriculture system, including coal enriched with SRB or AF into organic fertilizer might increase added value as a source of organic material for plantations. The goal of this research was to see if adding an ameliorant, microbial, or ameliorant enriched microbial to organic fertilizer can boost the added value as a source of organic material for plantations in a sustainable agriculture system. Two acid soils (Ultisols) were investigated, with variances in exchangeable Al concentration. The results showed that the use of a dolomite ameliorant or dolomite enriched AF ICBB 8789 raised pH, Ca, and Mg in the soil. In the soils of Jasinga and Lebak, the treatment of coal enriched with AF ICBB 8789 was more effective in increasing the CEC value. In acid soil from Jasinga West Java and Lebak Banten, a coal or lime ameliorant enriched with SRB could increase the availability of P. In a sustainable agriculture system, coal or coal enriched SRB or AF can potentially increase added value as a source of organic material for agricultures

Changes in Acidic Soil Chemical Properties and Carbon Dioxide Emission Due to Biochar and Lime Treatments

To mitigate global climate change and simultaneously increase soil productivity, the use of biochar in agriculture can be a modern agro-technology that can help in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, enhancing soil carbon sequestration, and ultimately increasing crop yield. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of biochar and lime application on the chemical properties of acid soil and the emission of CO2. A 60-day incubation study was conducted with eleven treatments (T) in which two different biochar produced from rice husk (RHB) and oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFBB) at two rates (10 and 15 t ha−1) and on three rates of dolomitic limestone (100%, 75%, and 50%), recommended rate of NPK and a control (no amendment). The result showed that biochar and lime significantly increased soil pH, available P, and decreased exchangeable Al compared to the control. The pH increase was 44.02% compared to the control treatment on day 15, and the available P was found to be 22.44 mg kg−1 on day 30 from Treatment 7 (75% lime + 15 t ha−1 RHB). The cumulative CO2 emission from T7 was 207.40 μmol CO2 m−2 that decreased 139.41% compared to the control. Our findings conclude that RHB with 75% lime has more potential than EFBB to increase nutrient availability and reduce the emission of CO2 in acid soil.

Technology of Acid Soil Improvement with Biochar: A Review

This paper comprehensively analyzed and summarized the main research progress of biochar in improving acid soil technology at home and abroad. In this paper, the distribution, cause of formation and harm of acid soil were introduced, the differences between biochar improver and traditional improver were compared, the structure and functional basis of biochar were expounded, and the improvement of physical and chemical properties of acid soil was analyzed. Finally, combining with the current situation of China’s agricultural development, the paper puts forward the prospect of the problems that need to be paid attention to in the process of biochar research, in order to provide reference for the application and industrial development of biochar.

Effect of Different Source and Rates of Biochar Application on Selected Physic-Chemical Properties of Acidic Soil in Western Ethiopia

Soil acidity is the serious problem in the western Ethiopia. Therefore the aim of this experiment was to study the effect of different source and rates of biochar application on the selected physic chemical properties of acidic soil. The experiment involved factorial combinations of three sources biochar (maize, sesame and soybean) and five rates of biochar (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 t ha⁻¹) laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0–15 cm and the selected physic chemical properties of acidic soil were analyzed by standard laboratory procedure. The result indicated that the maximum mean of soil moisture (4.3) was recorded at 8 t ha⁻¹ of soybean biochar and all soil treated biochar were sandy clay textural class except at sesame source at 10 t ha^-1 results sandy loam. They also maximum Electrical conductivity (0.087), soil pH (<SUB>H2O</SUB>) (6.81), organic carbon (2.96%), organic matter (5.10), total nitrogen (0.25%), Available K⁺ (23.17) Available P (13.96), calcium (8.19) and base saturation percentage (79.53) were recorded from sesame source with 10 tha^-1 rates but the maximum cation exchange capacity (27.18) and potassium (2.38) where recorded at from maize source at 6 t ha^-1rates of biochar while the maximum magnesium and sodium where recorded from the sesame source at 8t ha^-1 rates. The result indicates that the sesame source of biochar application with the rates of 10 t ha^-1 were significantly improved the physical and chemical properties of acidic soil but additional research work were needed regarding to integrated management of soil acidity is different location and different Agro-ecology.

Amelioration of Acidic Nitisols Using Lime and Vermicompost in Negasa Area, East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia

The study was conducted at Negasa area in Guto Gida district to mitigate soil acidity using lime and vermicompost application on bread wheat land use of farmer’s field during 2018 main cropping season. The factors studied were four levels of agricultural lime (0, 50, 100 and 150% RR rated based on exchangeable acidity method) applied one month before planting and three levels of vermicompost (0, 2.5 and 5 t ha^-1) applied two weeks before planting. The treatments were laid out as a RCBD in a factorial arrangement, and replicated three times. Representative soil samples were taken before and after planting. The soil physicochemical properties were analyzed following standard procedures. The soil pH and exchangeable basic cations (Ca and K) were significantly increased by 7.62, 31.16 and 26.08% respectively while exchangeable acidity and exchangeable Mg were significantly decreased by 47.73 and 26.53% respectively due to lime application at a level of 150% RR compared to control. While only exchangeable Mg, K and Na and soil bulk density were improved due to vermicompost application. The interaction effect of lime and vermicompost significantly influenced bulk density and total nitrogen of the soil. Simple correlation analysis among soil properties indicates that soil exchangeable acidity is significantly and negatively correlated with soil pH, exchangeable Ca and Na. It can be concluded that application of lime at the rate of 150% RR improve most chemical properties of acidic soil. Similar effort should be done over years to determine the long-term effect of lime and vermicompost on such acidic soil properties.

Ameliorative Effects of Coffee Husk Compost and Lime Amendment on Acidic Soil of Haru, Western Ethiopia

A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of coffee husk compost, lime and their combinations on chemical properties of acidic soil and coffee seedling growth at Haru Research Sub-Center nursery site in west Wollega zone in 2016/17. Soil and coffee husk compost samples were collected, prepared and analyzed before and at the end of experiment following the standard laboratory procedures.

Ameliorative Effect of Biochar Application on Selected Chemical Properties of Acidic Soil

Ameliorative Effect of Biochar Application on Selected Chemical Properties of Acidic Soil

English

The effects of lime and P fertilizer application on chemical properties of acid soil, and dry matter yield (DMY) and phosphorus concentration of barley were investigated in a greenhouse experiment in 2013. The experimental soil was collected from Emdibir, South-Western Ethiopia. Five lime levels (CaCO3) (0, 6093, 12186, 18280, and 24373 mg CaCO3 kg-1 soil) in a factorial combination with five phosphorus (TSP) rates (0, 300, 600, 900 and 1600 mg kg-1) were used. The treatments were replicated three times. Barley, variety HB-1307, was used as a test crop. All the soil and plant analysis was conducted following standard laboratory procedures. The soil chemical properties, except Mg, were significantly (P&le;0.05) affected by increasing rates of lime and/or P addition. The highest lime rate resulted in an increase in soil pH, exchangeable Ca and Cu, and a decrease in the levels of exchangeable acidity and Al, Fe, Mn, and Zn. The DMY and plant P of barley were increased with the lime rate. The lime and P interaction effects were significant (P&le;0.05) on exchangeable Ca, Al, and DMY. Optimum lime (12186 mg kg-1) application has a decreasing effect on P fixation by Fe and Al. While the optimum lime rate in combination with the highest rate of P enhanced fixation by Ca. The change in soil chemical properties and DMY might encourage better barley growth on this soil. In conclusion, lime application beyond 18280 mg CaCO3 kg-1 soil may not be beneficial for the soil chemical properties and barley DMY. Key words: Chemical properties, dry matter yield, soil exchangeable acidity, phosphorus concentration phosphorus fixation.

The ameliorative effects of low-grade palygorskite on acidic soil

Mineral composition and alkaline properties of palygorskite (Pal), and its ameliorative effects on chemical properties of acid soil were investigated. Dolomite was the main form of alkali in Pal and the acid neutralisation capacity of Pal was 215 cmol kg–1. Incubation experiments indicated that Pal incorporation increased soil pH, cation exchange capacity, base saturation and exchangeable K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ contents, and decreased the levels of exchangeable H+, Al3+ and acidity, over a 1-year period. The ameliorative mechanisms were the dissolution of major alkaline matter in Pal (i.e. dolomite), and the exchange between released Ca2+ and Mg2+ with H+ in acidic soil. Hence, Pal can be used as a moderate acidic soil amendment.

Effect of basic slag and lime on chemical properties of acid soil

Effect of basic slag and lime on chemical properties of acid soil

Changes in the chemical properties of acid soil and aggregate stability in the whole profile under long-term management history

ABSTRACTThe effects of long-term (1959–2005) liming in combination with cattle manure application on the chemical properties and aggregate stability of acid soil were investigated in the whole soil profile to a 100 cm depth. Investigations were performed in a long-term liming and fertilizing field trial at Vezaiciai Branch of Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry situated in West Lithuania. The soil of the study site is Bathygleyic Distric Glossic Retisol (WRB 2014) with a texture of moraine loam. Acid soil had been periodically limed and manured at different intensity for 47 years. The experiment involved the following treatments: (1) unlimed and unfertilized (control); (2) unlimed and 60 t ha−1 manure; (3) limed and unfertilized; and (4) limed and 60 t ha−1 manure. During the 47-year period, liming was performed using pulverized limestone at a rate 1.0 (by hydrolytic soil acidity) every 7 years. During the whole study period, the soil received 38.7–36.5 t ha−1 CaCO3; 840 t ha−1 cattle manure, 2740 kg ha−1 mineral nitrogen; 3030 kg ha−1 phosphorus and 3810 kg ha−1 potassium. The data showed that long-term (47 years) periodic liming of different intensities in combination with cattle manure application significantly changed the chemical properties of the whole soil profile. The soil acidification was neutralized in the topsoil and subsoil to the 60 cm depth when the soil had been systematically limed with 1.0 rate every 7 years in combination with 60 t ha−1 manure application every 3–4 years. Periodic long-term liming in combination with manuring had a positive effect on the improvement of chemical properties of acid soil profile in the ElB1 and ElB2 horizons. The data of the soil structure in the topsoil and subsoil showed that such liming practice together with manuring had a positive effect on soil aggregate stability.

Effect of biochar on chemical properties of acidic soil

The effect of biochar addition on the chemical properties of acidic soil such as soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and exchangeable acidity were investigated to determine the liming potential of biochars. This study was conducted by incubating acidic soil (clayey, smectitic, acid, mesic, shallow, Aridic Ustorthent) of pH < 4.80 with biochars for 165 days. The biochars were produced from two biomass feedstocks such as corn stover (Zea mays L.) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) using microwave pyrolysis (at 650°C). Corn stover biochar, switchgrass biochar, and lime (calcium carbonate) were applied at four rates (0, 52, 104, and 156 Mg ha−1) to acidic soil. Amendment type, application rate, and their interaction had significant effects (p < 0.05) on soil pH, EC, and CEC of acidic soil. Exchangeable acidity was significantly affected by amendment type. Application of corn stover biochar had shown a relatively larger increase in soil pH than switchgrass biochar at all application rates. The ameliorating effect of biochars on chemical properties of acidic soil was consistent with their chemical composition.

Comparative study of different organic manures and NPK fertilizer for improvement of soil chemical properties and dry matter yield of maize in two different soils

A pot experiment was conducted to compare different organic manures with NPK fertilizer for improvement of chemical properties of acid soil from farmer’s field in coastal area of Epe and nutrient depleted soil from research field of Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Moor Plantation, Ibadan. Maize was planted for 12 weeks and dry matter yield was determined. Results showed that application of 5 ton/ha of each of the evaluated organic manures and 100 kg/ha NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer improved chemical properties of both acid and nutrient depleted soils compared with unfertilized soil. Application of different types of organic manures reduced the acidic levels of both the soils. Cow dung application resulted in the highest pH levels of 6.37 and 6.50 in acid soil and nutrient depleted soil respectively while NPK fertilizer gave lowest pH levels of 5.28 and 5.74 for both soils. Also, application of different types of organic manures enhanced soil organic C, total N, available P, exchangeable K and CEC better than NPK fertilizer in both soils. The study indicated that among the organic manures evaluated, cane rat droppings improved soil chemical properties best. Plant dry matter yield increased with application of NPK fertilizer compared with compost, poultry manure and cane rat droppings in both soils. In acid soil, application of NPK fertilizer gave the highest dry matter yield of 4.77 g/plant while in nutrient depleted soil; application of NPK fertilizer gave the highest dry matter yield of 5.58 g/plant. Key words: Manure, fertilizer, dry matter, pH levels.

Effect of brewery sludge amendments on some chemical properties of acid soil in pot experiments

A laboratory experiment was performed for an incubation period of 120 days in order to evaluate the changes in chemical properties of an acid soil amended with 0, 15, 30, 60 and 120 t ha −1 of brewery sludge (BS). Increasing BS rates and incubation time reduced pH of the soil by 0.3–0.5 unit with respect to the control while soluble salts increased from 0.11 to 0.80 dS m −1 . Organic C, exchangeable cations, soluble cations and anions, NH 4 +–N and NO 3 −–N contents of the amended soil increased as BS rates increased. In addition, BS application caused a slight increase in cation exchange capacity (CEC) and a slight decrease in exchangeable acidity.

97/01893 Chemical properties of acid soil treated with coal combustion byproducts and leached

97/01893 Chemical properties of acid soil treated with coal combustion byproducts and leached

Chemical properties of acid soil treated with coal combustion by‐products and leached

Abstract Application of coal combustion by‐products (CCBs) to acid soils can have beneficial or detrimental effects. A column study was conducted to determine the effects of CCBs on mitigating acid soil properties after leaching with 138 cm deionized water. Columns containing 105 cm acidic Lily soil (Typic Hapludult) had mixed in the top 15 cm the following treatments (g/kg soil): no CCB or limestone (check); dolomitic limestone (lime) at 3.98; high‐calcium sulfate (CaSO4) flue gas desulfurization (FGD) by‐product (BP) at 15.88; combination of lime+FGD at rates given; high‐CaSO4 FGD BP enriched with Mg (FGD+Mg) at 15.88; and fluidized bed combustion (FBC) BP at 6.45. After being leached for 39 days, the columns of acid soil treated with high‐CaSO4 by‐products showed higher subsurface pH, calcium (Ca), and sulfur (S) and lower aluminum (AI) and manganese (Mn). In contrast, the lime alone treatment had little effect on subsurface soil properties. Use of dolomitic limestone to supply magnesium (Mg) in conjunction with the CaSO4 treatments was more effective than supplementation with Mg(OH)2, where97% of the added Mg leached from the top layer. Substances leached from the CCBs studied were effective in reducing problems associated with subsurface soil acidity.