Charophytes Research Articles

Composición funcional de invertebrados en los detritos de macrófitas sumergidas: efectos del hábitat y del tiempo de degradación

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar si el tiempo de degradacion y el habitat provisto por dos macrofitas sumergidas afectan la estructura de la comunidad de invertebrados en un lago somero subtropical. Se evaluo la descomposicion de detrito en 60 bolsas. Los detritos fueron asignados al azar a cuatro tratamientos: Potamogeton pectinatus en descomposicion dentro de su propio stand (PP) y en el interior de un stand de Chara zeylanica (PC), y C. zeylanica dentro de su propio stand (CC) y en el interior de un stand de P. pectinatus (CP). Durante el experimento de degradacion (20 dias) se evaluo la fauna asociada tanto a los detritos como a las macrofitas vivas. Las bolsas de detrito se lavaron, se secaron y luego se determino el coeficiente de degradacion. Estimamos la riqueza y la abundancia de los taxa de invertebrados asociados y evaluamos la preferencia de las comunidades de invertebrados comparando la fauna de las macrofitas vivas y de sus detritos. Los invertebrados asociados se clasificaron en grupos funcionales de alimentacion. Chara zeylanica mostro una perdida de peso cuatro veces mas rapida que P. pectinatus. La mayor abundancia de invertebrados se produjo en el tratamiento PP y la mayor riqueza de invertebrados en los tratamientos de CC y PP. Los colectores y depredadores presentaron las mayores abundancias. El tratamiento PP tuvo el mayor numero de colectores y PC una distribucion mas equitativa de los grupos funcionales. Cinco taxones mostraron preferencia por detritos de P. pectinatus en lugar de C. zeylanica o P. pectinatus vivos, y los detritos de la carofita fueron preferidos por seis taxones dentro de las plantas vivas, y por dos taxones cuando se incubaron en el interior del stand de P. pectinatus. Nuestro estudio demostro el efecto del sitio de incubacion en el coeficiente de descomposicion y en la estructura de las comunidades de invertebrados, y revelo que la abundancia de invertebrados en detritus se debe principalmente a su abundancia en las plantas vivas. Ademas, la ausencia de trituradores sugiere el uso de detritos principalmente como refugio en lugar de como recurso alimentario.

Four Newly Recorded Taxa of Charophytes and Chlorophytes (Charophyta and Chlorophyta, Viridiplantae) in Korea

Four Newly Recorded Taxa of Charophytes and Chlorophytes (Charophyta and Chlorophyta, Viridiplantae) in Korea

Анализ флоры харальных водорослей (Charales, Charophyta) Украины

Анализ флоры харальных водорослей (Charales, Charophyta) Украины

Первая находка Chara rudis (A. Braun) Leonh. (Charales, Charophyta) в Украине

Первая находка Chara rudis (A. Braun) Leonh. (Charales, Charophyta) в Украине

Ostracod biostratigraphy in the Lower Cretaceous of the Iberian chain (eastern Spain)

Lower Cretaceous ostracod associations (marine and nonmarine) have been studied from 34 sections of the Iberian chain or, geologically spoken, the Iberian basin (eastern Spain), in order to contribute to the chronostratigraphic correlation of the various predominantly nonmarine lithostratigraphic units in the Cameros, Maestrazgo, and South Iberian sub-basins (and the Central Iberian high in between). We have combined 87 ostracod species from 22 genera to 11 associations, each typical for certain stratigraphic levels (mostly stages) and ecologies. Nonmarine associations (dominated by the genera Cypridea and Theriosynoecum) prevailed from the Berriasian to the Barremian interval, whereas marine-brackish associations (much more diverse on the generic level) prevailed during the Aptian and Albian, and to a lesser extent during the Berriasian and Barremian. In most cases, our new ostracod data are consistent with previous correlative charts, as based upon other biostratigraphic data, mainly from charophytes, but also from few marine fossils in marine intercalations, and on depositional sequence stratigraphy. But in a few cases, our results are more or less different from those of established charts, namely in the eastern Cameros sub-basin (the Urbion group considered Late Berriasian in age instead of Valanginian-Barremian, and the Enciso group considered Late Valanginian-Barremian instead of Late Barremian-Aptian), in the northeastern Maestrazgo sub-basin (the Polacos Formation considered Late Berriasian-Early Hauterivian instead of Late Berriasian only), and in the uppermost part of the Lower Cretaceous in the South Iberian sub-basin (the Contreras and El Caroig Formations considered Albian instead of Aptian). Finally, we evaluate the usability of ostracod biostratigraphy in the Lower Cretaceous of eastern Spain and conclude that, if treated with great care especially under consideration of the biogeography and reproduction/dispersal strategies of the various groups, it should be given priority over pure lithostratigraphic correlations in conflicting cases.

Evolution of Photosynthetic Metabolism in Terrestrial Plants

Two significant events in the evolution of terrestrial plants are associated with the oxygenation reaction of Rubisco. First, land plants are derived from the evolutionary line of green algae (the Charophytes) that first evolved leaf-type peroxisomes with a high-capacity photorespiratory C2 cycle. Most algae lack or have a limited capacity for photorespiration, and instead excrete excessive levels of photorespiratory metabolites into the external medium. Excretion of photorespiratory intermediates is not an option for terrestrial plants, and an efficient C2 cycle is required to prevent oxygenation products from accumulating to toxic levels. The colonization of land by just the Charophycean line, and its timing, may result from the evolution of novel photorespiratory metabolism to minimize the consequences of RuBP oxygenation. Second, C4 plant evolution likely required atmospheric conditions favoring high rates of photorespiration in C3 plants. During most of the history of land plants, atmospheric CO2 levels were too high to allow for elevated rates of photorespiration. In the past 40 million years, CO2 levels fell low enough such that photorespiration became an important limitation for C3 photosynthesis. Little evidence exists for C4 plants prior to the CO2 decline, but there is sound evidence for C4 photosynthesis beginning 20-30 million years ago. Aridity likely influenced C4 plant evolution by promoting the origin of drought-adapted features in C3 plants such as enlarged bundle sheath cells. These features in turn may have facilitated the development of a photorespiratory CO2 concentrating system, which is considered the first step in the evolution of C4 photosynthesis.

Quaternary and recent Lamprothamnium groves (Charophyta) from Argentina

Quaternary and recent Lamprothamnium groves (Charophyta) from Argentina

A karyological approach to phylogeny and interrelationships of Charophyta.

Article de synthese sur la phylogenese et l'evolution des genres Chareae, Nitellae et Tolypella, validite du statut d'espece independante de Tolypella

Additional Note on the Charophyta from the Kucha Formation of Sinkiang*

Additional Note on the Charophyta from the Kucha Formation of Sinkiang^*

The Charophyta from the Kucha Formation near Kucha, Sinkiang*

The Charophyta from the Kucha Formation near Kucha, Sinkiang^*

Late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic Charophyta

Late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic Charophyta

On Charophyta collected by Mr. Thomas Bates Blow, F.L.S. in Madagascar.

On Charophyta collected by Mr. Thomas Bates Blow, F.L.S. in Madagascar.

On Charophyta collected by Mr. Thomas Bates Blow, F.L.S., in Ceylon

On Charophyta collected by Mr. Thomas Bates Blow, F.L.S., in Ceylon

Algae of the Hawaiian Archipelago. I

Previous articleNext article FreeAlgae of the Hawaiian Archipelago. IVaughan MacCaugheyVaughan MacCaughey Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Volume 65, Number 1Jan., 1918 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/332188 Views: 176Total views on this site Citations: 7Citations are reported from Crossref Journal History This article was published in the Botanical Gazette (1876-1991), which is continued by International Journal of Plant Sciences (1992-present). PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Alison R Sherwood, Amy L Carlile, Jessica M Neumann, J Patrick Kociolek, Jeffrey R Johansen, Rex L Lowe, Kimberly Y Conklin, Gernot G Presting The Hawaiian freshwater algae biodiversity survey (2009-2014): systematic and biogeographic trends with an emphasis on the macroalgae, BMC Ecology 14, no.11 (Oct 2014).https://doi.org/10.1186/s12898-014-0028-2Ji-Won Kim, Ok-Min Lee The distribution and three newly reported species of aerial algae at Mt. Gwanggyo, Korea, Journal of Ecology and Environment 37, no.44 (Nov 2014): 327–339.https://doi.org/10.5141/ecoenv.2014.035Kimberly N. Page-Albins, Peter S. Vroom, Ronald Hoeke, Mark A. Albins, Celia M. Smith Patterns in Benthic Coral Reef Communities at Pearl and Hermes Atoll along a Wave-Exposure Gradient, Pacific Science 66, no.44 (Oct 2012): 481–496.https://doi.org/10.2984/66.4.6Vernon W. Proctor HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY OF CHARA (CHAROPHYTA): AN APPRAISAL OF THE BRAUN-WOOD CLASSIFICATION PLUS A FALSIFIABLE ALTERNATIVE FOR FUTURE CONSIDERATION 1, Journal of Phycology 16, no.22 (Jun 2008): 218–233.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.1980.tb03023.xR. D. Wood The Characeae, 1951, The Botanical Review 18, no.55 (May 1952): 317–353.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02957549V. J. Chapman Marine algal ecology, The Botanical Review 12, no.1010 (Dec 1946): 628–672.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02861359W. Fyg, F. E. Fritsch Bibliography of English and American papers on Hydrobiology, 1910-1919, Zeitschrift für Hydrologie 1, no.3-43-4 (Sep 1920): 351–370.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02483858