Charge Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles Research Articles

Energy management optimization in smart railway stations with the ability to charge plug-in hybrid electric vehicles

The increasing development of traffic in the world has led to an increase in the consumption of electrical energy in electric vehicles (EVs). One of the most widely used electric vehicles is the electric train. Thus, energy optimization becomes more crucial in electrical railways to reduce consumption and total electricity bill as well as environmental issues. Consequently, electrical railway energy management must be technically and economically efficient and effective. This paper proposes an energy efficiency optimization framework for intelligent railway stations that provide plug-in electric vehicle charging parking capacity use, renewable energy sources (REs), and regenerative braking energy (RBE). The structure of the proposed convex programming (CP) model is used for fast and efficient optimization of decision variables, Equipment size, and the cost function of the station for reducing the power purchased from the Grid. Furthermore, by presenting meta-heuristic algorithms, the state variables of the energy storage system (ESS) and Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) battery have been optimized. The results obtained from the proposed method prove that the operation cost of the station decreases by 61.4 %.

Design and analysis of a photovoltaic‐powered charging station for plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles in college campus

Photovoltaic-powered electric transportation systems are gaining global momentum owing to their superior enactment and zero carbon emissions. With a growing number of electric vehicles (EVs) on the road, implementation of efficient and well-organised charging stations is extremely indispensable. The authors investigate the feasibility of creating a charging station for plug-in-hybrid EVs at an educational institution, E.G.S. Pillay Engineering College, Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu, India (10°48.2′N, 79°50.1′E). The statistics related to the solar radiations of the Nagapattinam region are employed to find out the energy availability for the EV charging station (EVCS) and the requirement for grid connection. The authors use a hybrid optimisation model for an electric renewable (HOMER) simulator to determine the optimum specification of the proposed EVCS. Also, the authors carry out a techno-economic study against the specified load requirement to evaluate the potential of the charging station. The solar irradiance data obtained from NASA ground climatology and the solar power dataset of the designated site are used to realise the precise fallouts. The optimisation results provide minimum annual system cost and reliable power to the EVs. Based on these results, an EVCS is erected in the college campus to charge plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. The established EVCS contains 3 kW EV charger operating as a microgrid and includes nine solar panels with 335 W each, 48 V, 150 Ah specification. The authors use solar photovoltaic (PV) panels using Copper Indium Selenide-Zinc sulfide (CISZS) quantum dots for maximising energy yield from the EVCS. The authors consider that eight different charging profiles for different months are employed for estimating the solar irradiance probability density in the designated site. From this study, the authors can conclude that Gaussian mixer model (G4) profile is optimum for the Nagapattinam region to install a potential and reliable EVCS.

Studying the feasibility of charging plug-in hybrid electric vehicles using photovoltaic electricity in residential distribution systems

Recently, interest has grown in using photovoltaic (PV) electricity to charge plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). This paper investigates the feasibility of such a charging alternative, from a distribution system performance perspective. To achieve this goal, it is first necessary to determine the resulting aggregated impacts for both technologies when they operate in parallel. Although extensive research has explored the individual impacts of PHEVs and PV electricity on distribution networks, far too little study has been made of the interaction between these two technologies and the resulting aggregated impacts when both operate together.This paper fills this gap by developing a probabilistic Monte Carlo (MC)-based benchmark that can be used to assess the resulting impacts when PV arrays are used to charge PHEVs. Finally, the authors compare the resulting aggregated impacts with those resulting when PHEV charging demands are met solely from the medium voltage network, in order to draw conclusions on the feasibility of such a charging alternative.

Potential Benefits of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles for Consumers and Electric Power Utilities

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have the potential of substantially reducing petroleum consumption and vehicular CO2 emissions relative to conventional vehicles. The analysis presented in this article first ascertains the cost-effectiveness of PHEVs from the perspective of the consumer. Then, the potential effects of PHEVs to an electric utility are evaluated by analyzing a simplified hypothetical example. When evaluating the cost-effectiveness of a PHEV, the additional required premium is an important financial parameter to the consumer. An acceptable amount for the additional upfront costs will depend on the future costs of gasoline and the on-board battery pack. The need to replace the on-board battery pack during the assumed vehicle lifetime also affects the allowed premium. A simplified unit commitment and dispatch model was used to determine the costs of energy and the CO2 emissions associated with PHEVs for different charging scenarios. The results show that electricity can be used to charge PHEVs during off-peak hours without an increase in peak demand. In addition, the combined CO2 emissions from the vehicles and the electric generation facilities will be reduced, regardless of the charging strategy.