Characters Of Representations Research Articles

Representation of Andean Communities: Indigenous Cultures and Languages in Peruvian Cinema

ABSTRACT Peru is a country that has a world-renowned cultural heritage. However, there is a set of historical discrimination in different instances of society against the indigenous population, their cultural identity, social recognition, and even legal protection. Due to this situation, there have been recent manifestations in the cinema, television and education products with the purpose of recognizing, integrating and valuing all people and their cultures. This differs significantly from almost all of republican history, characterized by the unilateral representation of the privileged classes of the Peruvian cities. For that reason, this article analyzes three independent films dedicated to representation of Andean characters: Wiñaypacha (‘Eternity’) (2017), Retablo (‘Altarpiece’) (2017), and Willaq Pirqa, el cine de mi pueblo (‘Speaking Wall, the cinema of my town’) (2022), which have achieved a high degree of acceptance by the public and specialized critics. The proposal analyzes the recognition and revaluation of the Andean characters in these films, based on the linguistic, cultural and social dimensions, and the ideas of nationhood that are developed discursively and symbolically.

Gender (im)balance in the Russian cinema: on the screen and behind the camera

The relationship between on-screen and off-screen inequality in film industries and the relative impact of these on movie attendance is widely discussed but not necessarily empirically demonstrated. This article examines the binary gender composition of film project teams and the gendered representation of film characters as factors for cinema attendance. We collected a unique dataset (N=1285) of all films released during the pre-pandemic decade (2008-2019) in Russia – at that time the largest European cinema market. A marked-up subset of 243 films was used to calculate a novel version of the Bechdel-Wallace test that accounts for the proportion of all non-stereotypical dialogues in the film narration, as opposed to the classical binary test. Our test proves very informative, revealing a strikingly high proportion of dialogues with stereotypical portrayals of women even among the films that pass the Bechdel-Wallace binary threshold. We also undertook a social network analysis (SNA) of the characters’ communications. This analysis demonstrate that women predominantly occupy a peripheral position in film plots. Both stereotyping and marginalization of women are positively related to the proportion of men in the film crew, especially in the role of screenwriter. Simultaneously, having more men in key positions is also correlated with access to larger budgets and better distribution, thus effectively impeding films with stronger women characters from wider audiences. These audiences, however, show no prejudice towards films with such characters: after 2015, films featuring central women protagonists have the same level of attendance as movies without them. Although Russia exemplifies a large non-Western cinema market, the trends we identify, particularly the “gatekeeping” effect of male filmmakers, is notably in line with those observed in Western democracies.

A Comparative Study on the Parable Character Representations in Zhuangzi and Han Feizi

A Comparative Study on the Parable Character Representations in Zhuangzi and Han Feizi

《习近平谈治国理政》用典韩译方法研究

As exchanges between nations become increasingly frequent, the importance of external promotion becomes apparent. In order to conduct effective external promotion, the role of translation is crucial. In this study, we focused on analyzing the translation of Xi Jinping's statements, speeches, lectures, directives, and letters, collected in “Xi Jinping：The Governance of China” a work that compiles his discourses. The research aimed to examine how these texts were translated into Korean, resulting in the following conclusions. First, the discourses in “Xi Jinping：The Governance of China” were categorized into three types: poetry, proverbs, and idioms. Secondly, when translating poetry, the translator mainly employed literal translation, free translation, literal translation with structural transformation, and literal translation with Chinese characters representation. When translating proverbs, the methods mainly included literal translation, literal translation with addition, and adaptation. In the case of idioms, the translator used literal translation, free translation, adaptation, Chinese Characters for Chinese Characters translation with Chinese characters representation, Chinese Characters for Chinese Characters translation with Chinese characters representation and explanation, as well as adaptation with Chinese characters representation. Thirdly, during the analysis of the translated text, it was observed that a single expression manifested in various translation patterns. This is seen as a result of the translator adhering to the principle of fidelity while simultaneously taking into account the surrounding context and the perspective of the reader. Fourthly, during the analysis of the translated text, inappropriate expressions were identified. Opinions for revisions were also provided. Through this research, it is hoped that it will contribute to the future translation projects of political texts, including “Xi Jinping：The Governance of China” and other translations related to external promotion.

A dual character theory of law

A dual character theory of law

An Encoding Table Corresponding to ASCII Codes for DNA Data Storage and a New Error Correction Method HMSA.

DNA storage stands out from other storage media due to its high capacity, eco-friendliness, long lifespan, high stability, low energy consumption, and low data maintenance costs. To standardize the DNA encoding system, maintain consistency in character representation and transmission, and link binary, base, and character together, this paper combines the encoding method with ASCII code to construct an ASCII-DNA encoding table. The encoding method can encode not only pure text information but also audio and video information and satisfies the GC content constraint and the homopolymer constraint, with the encoding density reaching 1.4 bits/nt. In particular, when encoding textual information, it directly skips the binary conversion process, which reduces the complexity of encoding, and increasing the encoding density to 1.6 bits/nt. In order to solve the problem of errors in sequences, under the influence of heuristic algorithms, this paper proposes a new error correction method (HMSA) by combining minimum Hamming distance, multiple sequence alignment, and encoding scheme. It can correct not only substitution, insertion, and deletion errors in Reads but also consecutive errors in Reads. It greatly improves the utilization of the Reads and avoids the waste of resources. Simulation results show that the recovery rate of Reads increases with the increasing number of sequencing times. When the number of erroneous bases in a 150nt sequence reaches 5nt, the error correction rate can exceed 96% by sequencing the base sequence only 10 times regardless of whether the errors are consecutive or not. Additionally, the HMSA error correction method is applicable to all coding schemes for lookup code table types.

Genuinely nonabelian partial difference sets

AbstractStrongly regular graphs (SRGs) provide a fertile area of exploration in algebraic combinatorics, integrating techniques in graph theory, linear algebra, group theory, finite fields, finite geometry, and number theory. Of particular interest are those SRGs with a large automorphism group. If an automorphism group acts regularly (sharply transitively) on the vertices of the graph, then we may identify the graph with a subset of the group, a partial difference set (PDS), which allows us to apply techniques from group theory to examine the graph. Much of the work over the past four decades has concentrated on abelian PDSs using the powerful techniques of character theory. However, little work has been done on nonabelian PDSs. In this paper we point out the existence of genuinely nonabelian PDSs, that is, PDSs for parameter sets where a nonabelian group is the only possible regular automorphism group. We include methods for demonstrating that abelian PDSs are not possible for a particular set of parameters or for a particular SRG. Four infinite families of genuinely nonabelian PDSs are described, two of which—one arising from triangular graphs and one arising from Krein covers of complete graphs constructed by Godsil—are new. We also include a new nonabelian PDS found by computer search and present some possible future directions of research.

Portrayal and Perception of Male Chauvinism and Gender Superiority in Hindi Cinema: A Case Study of the Film ‘Animal’

The article discovers the portrayal of male chauvinism and gender superiority in contemporary Hindicinema, with a specific focus on the prominent film “Animal.” The objective of the analysis is to expose thesubtle manner in which gender dynamics are portrayed, highlighting how patriarchal ideals and stereotypesare upheld in the Hindi films’ narrative. This paper critically examines the film’s narrative choices,characterizations, and societal implications, addressing the extent to which it reinforces or challengesprevailing gender norms. The directed by Sandeep Reddy Vanga, sparked considerable controversy forits representation of a toxic character that glorifies toxic masculinity and chauvinistic behavior. The studydeals with a case study of the “Animal,” directed by Sandeep Reddy Vanga, which is analyzed for its potentialevolution or continuity of gender portrayals in Hindi cinema. Released in 2023, this film presents anopportunity to explore whether the industry has progressed in its representation of gender dynamics or ifpersisting patterns of male chauvinism and gender superiority prevail. The research paper shall explore thesociocultural impact of these films’ media analysis (Eminent digital media reviewers), investigating theirpotential influence on shaping perceptions of masculinity and femininity in the audience. By examiningcharacter motivations, power dynamics, and the broader context of the stories, the study aims to contributeto a nuanced understanding of how Hindi cinema reflects and influences societal attitudes toward genderroles (Sanchari Mukhopadhyay, 2021). The main aim of the study how digital news media comprehendthe narrative of the ‘Alpha Male’ angle.

Exposing Widow’s Psyche in a Fine Balance: A Study of Rohinton Mistry’s Widow Characters

Indian writers including both male and female novelists generally utilise novels to reveal the psychological conditions of the female sex with the help of their dramatic personas. One such Indian writer is Rohinton Mistry, who unveils the mental states of women through his independent female characters, especially fictional female singletons. Among his numerous works, A Fine Balance is a notable piece that falls into this category. The novel is about the life struggles of the widow heroine Dina Dalal after the death of her husband. Apart from Dina, Mistry has used many widow characters who play minor roles in developing the storyline. The paper aims to exhibit the mental fluctuations of the fictional widows that comprise the widow protagonist Dina Dalal. The investigation with the help of the female characters uncovers the psychological oscillations of the widows due to their singlehood statuses. It unmasks the emotional transpositions, loneliness, fears, regrets, hopelessness and mental instabilities of the widows. The analysis avails the psychoanalytic Literary Theory to support its arguments and to obtain its objectives. With the aid of the select prose narrative, the research brings out Rohinton Mistry’s typical representation of widow characters to have psychological problems because of losing their husbands. Hence, the article projects that despite picturing the fictional widows as persons who are bold and liberating, Mistry has represented them to be psychologically vulnerable rather than presenting them as mentally strong and stable individuals.

A Re-Orientalist Critique of Moni Mohsin’s The End of Innocence

The complicity of Western intellectuals in optimizing the oppression of the Orient even after the end of European empires is a much-debated issue within postcolonial literary circles. This argument is mostly centered around the critiques of European modernity doctrine which is held as a new face of the Imperialist project. West maintains its superiority over the East through different modes, among them diasporic fiction is identified as serving this project by Lisa Lau. In particular, Lau’s idea of re-orientalism reveals the involvement of migrant writers who highlight the inferiority of their indigenous cultures in their fiction. By considering the re-Orientalist perspective with its attention to the suspicion of meta-narratives and repetition of the stories already popular among Western readers, this paper points out the subtle ways in which formulaic representation of characters, emplotment of the story in specific socio-cultural Pakistani society and the narratorial references to historical and political happenings of the Pakistani society re-construct the orient as ‘other’. This paper concludes Moni Mohsin’s The End of Innocence as a cultural construct serving the European agenda of colonization, wherein the novelist has depicted the backward, sensual and illiterate Pakistani culture through the stereotyping of the indigenous population.

“Negros mágicos” e a evolução da representação de negritudes em Jojo’s Bizarre Adventure: os casos de Avdol e Pucci

It examines the representation of black characters in Jojo's Bizarre Adventure, highlighting how the series addresses issues of black identity and diversity in Japanese culture, albeit in a problematic way. It discusses the importance of representation and explore the social and cultural implications of this representation, focusing on characters such as Muhammad Avdol and Father Pucci to question racial stereotypes.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and nonbinary representation on Australian scripted television in the 2000s and 2010s

Over the past few decades, there has been significant industry and scholarly interest in diversity, equity, and inclusion in television. Alongside this, attention has been paid to the politics of queer representation in screen and media contexts. Providing much-needed data on these issues, this article catalogues the representation of gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, and nonbinary characters in Australian scripted television since 2000. We highlight the inclusion of more queer characters onscreen and situate this in the context of two significant decades of change in the Australian television industry and the broader socio-political context. In teasing out recent trends around gender and sexually diverse representation, we identify shifts toward representing more complex and inclusive queer story worlds on Australian television. We also note significant tensions in these representations, highlighting how Australian television remains quite conservative in depicting queer sex, intersections between sexualities and gender identities, and bisexual identities.

From the Soil to the Screen: Women Representation in Contemporary Rural China

This research delves into the representation of female characters in contemporary Chinese cinema, focusing on films set in rural and underdeveloped areas between 2010 and 2022. Under the guidance of Professor Luis Duno Gottberg at Rice University, the study scrutinizes the complex interplay between traditional socio-cultural norms and evolving gender perceptions within these cinematic narratives. Central to our inquiry is the exploration of how a distinctly Chinese interpretation of the Male Gaze and entrenched Confucian patriarchal values shape the portrayal of women, signaling a negotiation between historical and cultural influences and modern identities. Employing a qualitative research methodology, this study integrates a comprehensive literature review, focusing on feminist film theory and its application within the Chinese context. Content analysis of selected films is conducted to uncover recurring visual and narrative themes, character development, and gender dynamics.

Exploration of the cultural attributes of Chinese character sculpture using machine learning technology

<p>The article employs machine learning, specifically the CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining) model, to analyze Chinese character sculptures’ cultural attributes. It overcomes challenges in multi-dimensional data processing and high digitization costs. The process involves normalizing sculpture images, using FastText for vector representations of Chinese characters, and mapping text to the same embedding space as images for word embedding. The CLIP model, through unsupervised training, minimizes the negative logarithmic likelihood loss between image and text embeddings to establish cultural attribute representations. Key findings include the CLIP model’s improved performance over the M3 model, with a 5.4% higher average AUC. The model demonstrates high efficiency and accuracy, evident in its low <em>RMSE</em> (0.034) and <em>MAE</em> (0.025) and fast analysis time of 182 ms. This approach effectively and accurately analyzes the cultural attributes of Chinese character sculptures, addressing existing research gaps.</p>

Spontaneous Dynamics of Hippocampal Place Fields in a Model of Combinatorial Competition among Stable Inputs.

We present computer simulations illustrating how the plastic integration of spatially stable inputs could contribute to the dynamic character of hippocampal spatial representations. In novel environments of slightly larger size than typical apparatus, the emergence of well-defined place fields in real place cells seems to rely on inputs from normally functioning grid cells. Theoretically, the grid-to-place transformation is possible if a place cell is able to respond selectively to a combination of suitably aligned grids. We previously identified the functional characteristics that allow a synaptic plasticity rule to accomplish this selection by synaptic competition during rat foraging behavior. Here, we show that the synaptic competition can outlast the formation of place fields, contributing to their spatial reorganization over time, when the model is run in larger environments and the topographical/modular organization of grid inputs is taken into account. Co-simulated cells that differ only by their randomly assigned grid inputs display different degrees and kinds of spatial reorganization-ranging from place-field remapping to more subtle in-field changes or lapses in firing. The model predicts a greater number of place fields and propensity for remapping in place cells recorded from more septal regions of the hippocampus and/or in larger environments, motivating future experimental standardization across studies and animal models. In sum, spontaneous remapping could arise from rapid synaptic learning involving inputs that are functionally homogeneous, spatially stable, and minimally stochastic.

Examining the Authenticity of Autistic Portrayals in US Adult and Children's Television Shows Using Medical and Social Models of Disability.

Television programs have introduced viewers to characters on the autism spectrum (e.g., Sesame Street, The Good Doctor), impacting audiences' knowledge and attitudes. Thus, it is essential that character representations convey accurate health information. This study explores how autistic portrayals across six adult and children's television programs align with the medical (e.g., American Psychiatric Association in Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed., text rev., 2022, https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787 ) and social models of disability. A content analysis methodology was used to investigate defining characteristics of autism (i.e., medical model) and how characters navigated their environment (i.e., social model) in 252 scenes (across six characters in 22 episodes). Measures included the frequency with which autism characteristics (e.g., social-communicative difficulties, restrictive repetitive behaviors) were present across autistic portrayals and the valence (e.g., positive, negative, neutral) with which characters interacted with their environment (e.g., character and neurodiversity affirming valence). Findings indicate that (a) television portrayals depict social-communication difficulties significantly more than behavioral characteristics, (b) children's programming portrays autistic characters with significantly more positive personal attributes (i.e., character valence) than adult programs, and (c) the majority of programs portray characters navigating autism in positive or neutral ways (i.e., neurodiversity affirming valence). Results offer stakeholders (e.g., writers, advocates, neurodiverse community) insight into how autistic characters are portrayed on television, adding to a growing body of literature examining how such representations impact public knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards individuals on the autism spectrum. Collectively, such studies highlight how changes in diagnostic criteria, legal protections, and social inclusivity are presented to viewers, who are seeking entertainment but gaining public health information.

Reading Between the Lines: a Critical Analysis of Representation in English Textbooks for Telangana State Government Schools

This paper discusses the presence of gender bias in English textbooks used in government schools in Telangana, South India. The analysis covers various aspects, including the representation of male and female characters, social and domestic roles assigned to them, the order of appearance in phrases, and the visual representations in illustrations. The key findings include an uneven distribution of male and female characters, with males predominating. Males are assigned a wider range of social roles, while females are often portrayed in stereotypical domestic roles such as homemakers. The order of appearance in phrases tends to favor males. In visual representations, females are shown more frequently engaging in housework, while males are depicted more often in activities outside the home, suggesting a gender imbalance. The biased and stereotypical gender representation in the textbooks may influence young learners' perceptions and contribute to gender disparity in society. Hence it is recommended that instructional materials may be revised to provide quality education without biases.

“But Now I Consydre Thy Necesse”: Augustine’s Doctrine of Jewish Witness and the Restoration of Racial Hierarchies in the Croxton Play of the Sacrament

This paper examines the depiction of Jewish and Christian merchants in the medieval English Host miracle play, the Croxton Play of the Sacrament. This play is a critical illustration of religious racialization, effectively demonstrating the perpetuation of anti-Jewish stereotypes and legitimizing violence. Positioned within a broader scholarly debate, particularly in relation to Augustine’s doctrine of Jewish witness, the play portrays Jews as allegorical figures that validate Christian theological constructs. This paper delves into the representation and linguistic depiction of Jewish characters in the play, emphasizing their systematic dehumanization and instrumentalization in Christian narratives. A significant focus is placed on the coerced conversion of Jewish characters, which forces them into the archetype of the “Wandering Jew”, thereby highlighting motifs of symbolic aggression and unending diaspora. This paper also confronts contemporary scholarly perspectives that view the play as challenging religious boundaries, positing that such interpretations overlook the ingrained racialization and marginalization of Jewish identity during the European Middle Ages. It argues that the play’s transient disruption of power dynamics ultimately reinforces prevailing social hierarchies, thereby solidifying deep-seated anti-Jewish sentiments.

Outcome for the group SL(2,57)

The set of all (n×n) non-singular matrices over the field F this set forms a group under the operation of matrix multiplication. This group is called the general linear group of dimension over the field F, denoted by . The determinant of these matrices is a homomorphism from into F* and the kernel of this homomorphism was the special linear group and denoted by Thus is the subgroup of which contains all matrices of determinant one. The rational valued characters of the rational representations written as a linear combination of the induced characters for the groups discuss in this paper and find the Artin indicator for this group after study the rational valued characters of the rational representations and the induced characters.

‘This is not a weapon’: Rethinking children's worlding practices with Karin Murris

This article draws on the concept of the posthuman child presented by Murris in her book The Posthuman Child, where the child is not understood as an object of study (‘i’ and ‘I’), nor as a subject (‘ii’ and ‘I’), but as a phenomenon (‘iii’). ‘iii’ constructs reality from intra-action with all the human and more-than-human surrounding elements. This research seeks to overcome the adult/child, nature/culture, or body/mind binaries. As opposed to the adult need (‘I’) in which the construction of meanings has a representational character, ‘iii’ carries out a non-representational worlding. In order to carry out our analysis, we conducted three diffractive readings of an event that took place in an Early Childhood Education school with 4- and 5-year-old children, thinking with Murris’ ‘i’, ‘ii’, and ‘iii’. This event facilitated the inclusion of all the agents involved, human (children and adults) and more-than-human (space, environment, materials, etc.). In our analysis, we seek to overcome the epistemic injustice pointed out by Murris. Our article highlights the need on the part of the adult (‘I’) to understand the child's graphic expression not as a representational end product, but as a product resulting from learning (a drawing), arising from intensities and concretised in a material-discursive practice carried out by the child as a phenomenon (‘iii’). This leads us to rethink the learning spaces at school with a need to generate decolonised spaces in which children's freedom to create worlds prevails, generating new knowledge from/in/through intra-actions with other more-than-human agents.