Characterization Of Rice Husk Research Articles

An entropy-based TOPSIS approach for selecting best suitable rice husk for potential energy applications: pyrolysis kinetics and characterization of rice husk and rice husk ash

An entropy-based TOPSIS approach for selecting best suitable rice husk for potential energy applications: pyrolysis kinetics and characterization of rice husk and rice husk ash

Karakteristik Struktur Dan Fungsional Aspal Komposit dengan Perbandingan 85%:15%

Synthesis and characterization of rice husk and asphalt silica composites was carried out with a ratio of 85%: 15%. Silica synthesis from rice husk was carried out by the sol-gel method. The materials used in this study were rice husks, asphalt, distilled water, gasoline, NaOH and HNO3. Then the silica and asphalt according to the comparison is set at 110oC. This study aims to look at the structural characteristics, functionality and physical properties, namely water content and thickness development of the sample. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that from the results of XRD characterization the samples have silica and amorphous carbon structures, then based on FTIR characterization shows the -OH (hydroxil) functional groups occur at wave number 3524 cm-1, the hydroxide metal Si-OH (silanol) is oxidized into Si - O - Si and Si - O are formed at wave numbers 1084 cm-1, 810 cm-1 and 462 cm-1 and the formation of the C-H and C=O function group occurs at wave numbers 2923 cm-1 and 2361 cm-1. Then test the physical properties of the water content of 7.642% with a change in thickness development of 4.783%.

Development and Characterization of Rice Husk and Recycled Polypropylene Composite Filaments for 3D Printing.

Nowadays the use of natural fiber composites has gained significant interest due to their low density, high availability, and low cost. The present study explores the development of sustainable 3D printing filaments based on rice husk (RH), an agricultural residue, and recycled polypropylene (rPP) and the influence of fiber weight ratio on physical, thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties of 3D printing parts. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the composite’s degradation process started earlier than for the neat rPP due to the lignocellulosic fiber components. Mechanical tests showed that tensile strength increased when using a raster angle of 0° than specimens printed at 90°, due to the weaker inter-layer bonding compared to in-layer. Furthermore, inter layer bonding tensile strength was similar for all tested materials. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images revealed the limited interaction between the untreated fiber and matrix, which led to reduced tensile properties. However, during the printing process, composites presented lower warping than printed neat rPP. Thus, 3D printable ecofriendly natural fiber composite filaments with low density and low cost can be developed and used for 3D printing applications, contributing to reduce the impact of plastic and agricultural waste.

Tarımsal bir Atık Tarafından Malaşit Yeşilinin Adsorpsiyonu: Pirinç Kavuzu

The main objective of this research was to investigate the adsorption of malachite green as a cationic dye on rice husk as an agricultural waste. Effect of initial dye concentration, pH and time was evaluated. The adsorption data were calculated Langmuir, Freundlich isotherm model and kinetics. Langmuir isotherm (Qmax=8.688 mg/g) is more fitted than Freundlich isotherm. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results described that characterization of rice husk. Pseudo second order kinetic model fitted well for removal of malachite green. Thus, rice husk was using no-cost and effective adsorbent for adsorption of cationic dyes.

Characterization of Rice Husk and Coconut Shell Briquette as an Alternative Solid Fuel

The physical properties of briquettes made from rice husk and coconut shell in different ratios were evaluated based on their thermo-physical properties. The calculated calorific values of the rice husk and coconuts hell are 16.51 MJ/kg and 18.60 MJ/kg, with densities of 1.50 g/cm3 and 3.00 g/cm3, respectively. Coconut shell has lower moisture and ash content of 10% and 26%, respectively, before briquetting. Comparisons of the experimental and calculated calorific values of the briquettes (17 to 21 MJ/kg) showed that they are in agreement with those of the American Standard of Testing Materials (ASTM) and those reported in the literature. The results further showed that the calorific values of the five briquette ratios were not a function of their moisture and ash contents, rather their total carbon contents. The briquette at the ratio 90:10 of rice husk to coconut shell has the highest calorific value and implies that it has more heating advantages and will therefore be suitable as an alternative solid fuel.

Karakteristik Struktur Mikro Komposit Aspal Silika Sekam Padi Dengan Variasi Komposisi (20%:80%, 15%:85% dan 10%:90%)

Synthesis and characterization of rice husk and asphalt silica composites with various compositions have been carried out 20%: 80%, 15%: 85% and 10%: 90%. Silica synthesis from rice husk wa carried out using the sol-gel method. The materials used are rice husks, solid asphalt, distilled water, gasoline, NaOH and HNO3. This research was conducted of variations in the composition the effect of silica and asphalt on the microstructure and structure of the sample. The characterization results of Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) on the surface of silica asphalt composites in the form of erratic clots and cracks on the surface of the sample with an average grain size of 3.483 µm, 8,127 µm, and 7,192 µm. The analysis EDS results in the elements content contained in the sample elements of carbon (C), silicon (Si), oxygen (O), a little element of sulfur (S) and aluminum (Al). Then, the results of the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) characterization obtained the structure of amorphous silica and amorphous carbon.

Kinetics, Isotherm and Thermodynamic Studies of The Adsorption Behavior of Basic Yellow 51 Onto Rice Husk and Burned Rice Husk

In this work, rice husk and burned rice husk were used as low cost adsorbents to remove a cationic dye, Basic Yellow 51(BY51) , from aqueous solution by adsorption. Characterization of rice husk and burned rice husk was carried out with Scanning Electron Microscope and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The effects of operational parameters on the efficiency of dye removal including initial dye concentration, contact time, pH, and temperature were investigated. All series experiments were carried out in batch mode. Equilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and monolayer adsorption capacity was calculated. Kinetic data were studied using pseudo first order and pseudo second order kinetic models and dye removal was found to follow the pseudo second order kinetic model closely. Thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy change (H°), entropy change (S°) and free energy change (G°) were also investigated. Free energy change showed that adsorption of Basic Yellow 51 was spontaneous at all studied temperatures for rice husk and burned rice husk. It is proposed that rice husk and burned rice husk may be suitable as adsorbents for removal of cationic dyes from aqueous solution.

Determination of Pb2+ metal ion level in liquid waste from adsorption process by combination adsorbent of rice husk and water hyacinth charcoal using solid-phase spectrophotometry (sps)

This research are to find out the influence of adsorbent composition between rice husk and water hyacinth in decreasing of Pb2+ ion in simulation liquid waste; the optimumcomposition of combination adsorbent of rice husk and water hyacinth charcoal on Pb2+ ion adsorption; and theeffectivenessof SPS as a method to determine the decreasing level of Pb2+ ion in simulation liquid waste by combination adsorbent of rice husk and water hyacinth charcoal in µg/L level. Rice husk and water hyacinth carbonization using muffle furnace at 350°C for 1 hour. Rice husk charcoal activation in a 2 N NaOH solution and water hyacinth charcoal activated in a 5 M HCl solution. Contacting the combination adsorbent of rice husk and water hyacinth charcoal with a Pb2+ solution with variation of mass composition, 1:0 ; 0:1 ; 1:1 ; 1:2 and 2:1. Analysis of the Pb2+ ion level using SPS method. Characterization of rice husk and water hyacinth charcoal using the FTIR. The results showed that the combination adsorbent composition of rice husk and water hyacinth charcoal have an impact on decreasing Pb2+ ion level. The optimum composition of combination adsorbent of rice husk and water hyacinth charcoal on the adsorption Pb2+ ion is 1:2. SPS is an effective method to determine the decreasing Pb2+ ion in simulation liquid waste from the adsorption process by combination adsorbent of rice husk and water hyacinth in µg/L, with Limit of Detection (LOD) was 0,06 µg/L.

Fabrication and characterization of rice husk and coconut shell charcoal based bio-briquettes as alternative energy source

Rice husk and coconut shell have been disposed or burned as waste. As biomass, both of materials are the potential sources of carbon which can be utilized as alternative energy sources. The energy content can be exploited more intensively when packaged in a brief and convenient. In this work, the mixtures of rice husks and coconut shells charcoal were prepared as briquettes. After going through the carbonization process, several measurements have been taken to find out the factors that determine the value of heat energy contains by each component of the charcoals. The basic ingredients briquettes prepared from rice husk and coconut shell charcoal with varying composition and addition of tapioca starch gradually as adhesive material to obtain briquettes in solid with the maximum heat energy content. After going through pressing and drying process, the briquettes with 50:50 percent of composition and the 6% addition of adhesive was found has the highest heat energy content, equal to 4966 cal/g.

Characterization of Rice Husk by Pyrolysis–Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

The analysis of products from rice husk under different decomposition temperatures was investigated by pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Compounds of molecular weight among 50–400 amu in the reaction products were identified. The products were characterized as unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, carboxyolic acids, aromatics, phenols, and aldehydes/ketones. The results showed that pyrolysis temperature above 700°C accelerated the generation of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons. The minimum concentrations of carboxylic acids and aldehydes/ketones appeared at 800 and 900°C, respectively, while the maximum levels of carboxylic acids, phenols, and aldehydes/ketones were obtained at 700°C. The lowest concentration of aromatics was also obtained at 700°C. These results are expected to serve as reference values for research and industrial production of biological oils.

Production and Characterization of Rice Husk Chars Obtained under Different Conditions

Rice husk was subjected to slow and fast pyrolysis under different reaction conditions, to investigate the effects of several pyrolysis factors on the physicochemical properties of the rice husk chars, including the pyrolysis heating rate, cooling rate and resident time. The results indicated that the char yield did not show great changes during the slow pyrolysis process, while it was gradually decreased along with the resident time during the fast pyrolysis process. With the elevating of the pyrolysis conditions, the carbon content of the chars was increased monotonically, while the oxygen content was decreased. Moreover, the rice husk and its chars greatly differed in their functional groups, resulting from various decompositon, decarbonylation and aromatization reactions during the pyrolysis process.

Agronomic properties and characterization of rice husk and wood biochars and their effect on the growth of water spinach in a field test

This study compared the agronomic properties of rice husk biochar (RHB) and wood biochar (WB) and investigated their effect on the growth rate of water spinach in a field experiment. Each biochar type was tested at 5 different rates of 4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.0 and 0.5 kgm3, respectively. The results detailing the growth of water spinach showed that the application of rice husk biochar improves biomass production. The WB added to soil increased the plant weight of water spinach by increasing the root size and leaf width, whereas RHB added to soil increased plant weight by increasing the stem size and leaf length of the water spinach. In addition, the stem size of water spinach was proportional to the WHC/silt ratio; whereas the root size of water spinach was proportional to the OM/OC ratio of soil. We also proposed that the working mechanism of WB and RHB in soil would be such, that the decomposition of OC in biochar-added soil to OM resulted in increased WHC and decreased silt in biochar-added soil. The decomposition of WB biochar was faster than RHB under a lower dosage amount ( 3.0 kgm3).