Characterization Of Fatty Acid Profile Research Articles

Physicochemical characteristics and antimicrobial of composition from linum usitatissimum L seeds oil

Linum usitatissimum L a member of Linaceae family, which is used for various medical purposes. The aims of this study is the isolation of oil, testing with some microbes and measure some physicochemical properties. The seeds of Linum usitatissimum L was collected from the Omdurman and air-dried at room temperature, the oil extract of seed was prepared using soxhlet extraction with n-hexane, and analyzed using GC-MS Spectroscopy. The oil extract was tested for antimicrobial activity against 6 stander human pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.s), Bacillus subtilis (B.s), Staphylococcus aureus (S.a), Escherichia coli (E.C), Condidaalbacans (Ca), and Aspergillusniger (A.s), and measured some physicochemical properties such as acid value, saponification value, and peroxide value. GC-MS characterization of fatty acid profile revealed the dominant fatty acid in 9,12,15-Octadectrienoic acid (51.46%), followed by oleic acid 9,12-Octadecdienoic acid(21.40%), Hexadecenoic acid (12.61%) and Methyl stearate (10.14%). Approximate of physiochemical properties of extracted oil revealed acid value (0,810 mg KOH/g of oil), saponification value (188.7), and peroxide value (0.99 meqO2/kg). The oil showed in active on all the test organisms except Candida albicans.

Characterization of fatty acid profiles and anti-scanvanging activity of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea Batatas L. Lam)-based custard fortified with perilla seed oil (Perilla frutescens L. Britton)

A creamy dairy custard was developed in this study. This custard matrixs consists of low-fat milk as main ingredients, purple sweet potato, perilla seed oil, butter, egg yolk, corn starch as well as monk fruit syrup. The aims of this research were to develop a heathy custard product, characterize the fatty acid profiles, anti-scavenging activity and sensory attribute of developed purple sweet potato-based custard fortified with perilla seed oil. The fatty acid profiles of the custard containing 3 % of perilla seed oil provides the highest amount of LA (17.32 %) and ALA (25.88 %). The custard formulation containing 1% of perilla seed oil provides the highest scores in all sensory attribute terms compare to other formulations containing perilla seed oil. The purple sweet potato-based custard containing perilla seed oil provides good antioxidant activities with percent inhibition by DPPH range from 29.8 to 35.1. The result indicates the concentration-dependent of perilla seed oil in the product. The custard developed in this study provides not only excellent source of polyunsaturated fatty acids but also excellent source of antioxidant agent.

Characterization of Fatty Acid Profiles in Infants With Intestinal Failure-Associated Liver Disease.

The purpose of this study was to characterize fatty acid profiles (FAPs) in parenteral nutrition (PN)-dependent infants with intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) receiving soybean oil-based lipid emulsion (SO) doses of ∼3 and ∼1 g/kg/d. Prospectively collected data were retrospectively reviewed. Serum FAPs of patients <1 year old who experienced development of IFALD while receiving standard PN with SO were examined before transitioning to a fish oil-based lipid emulsion for IFALD treatment. Time on SO, dose, gestational age, and weight- and length-for-age z scores were also reviewed. Among the 49 patients analyzed, there were no differences in demographics or anthropometrics between patients who received standard SO (SO-S) (n = 14, range of dosage 2.06-3.31 g/kg/d) and reduced SO (SO-R) (n = 35, range of dosage 0.90-1.34 g/kg/d). Patients received SO for a median of 53 days (interquartile range 39, 73) before FAP measurement. Patients who received SO-R had significantly higher Mead acid and lower α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, linoleic, stearic, total ω-3, and total ω-6 fatty acid levels than patients who received SO-S (P < .01). Triene:tetraene ratios were higher in patients who received SO-R (P = .0009), and no patients experienced biochemical essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD). PN-dependent infants with IFALD receiving SO-R have different FAPs than patients receiving SO-S. No patients in either group had biochemical EFAD.

Comprehensive Two‐Dimensional Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Different Types of Vegetable Oils

AbstractComprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC‐TOFMS) was applied for detailed characterization of fatty acid profile of 8 vegetable oils. Due to enhanced selectivity and sensitivity characteristics, the GC×GC method yielded more reliable quantification results compared to one dimensional gas chromatography, especially for medium‐chain fatty acids and odd‐carbon number fatty acids, which are present only at trace level. All problematic positional counterparts of unsaturated fatty acids (e.g. C21:0–C20:3 ω6, C20:3ω3–C20:4 ω6 and C20:5 ω3–C22:0), which commonly coeluted in the case of 1D gas chromatography, were baseline resolved. The specific compounds were found for particular vegetable oils, such as γ‐linolenic acid for hempseed oil, heneicosylic acid and tricosylic acid for olive pomace oil, and nervonic acid for mustard oil.

Solvent optimization and characterization of fatty acid profile and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Turkish Pistacia terebinthus L. extracts

The present study investigated 12 different Pistacia terebinthus L. (terebinth) fruits, harvested or purchased in Turkey, for fatty acid composition, radical scavenging, antimicrobial activity, and total phenolic content. Solvent optimization for the samples was prepared by using a simplex lattice mixture design prior to the analysis. The optimum solvent mixture was 39% water and 61% acetone, based on the maximization of extraction yield of phenolic compounds. Total phenolic contents (TPCs) of the extracts varied from 12,189 mg GAE/1000 g extract to 36,392 mg GAE/1000 g extract. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities of the extracts varied over a wide range (8.86%-64.43%) and were highly correlated with TPCs. Agar diffusion was used to determine the antibacterial activity of the terebinth extracts against 2 gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) and 2 gram-negative (Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium) bacteria. L. monocytogenes and Salmonella Typhimurium were more susceptible to the extracts than E. coli O157:H7 and S. aureus. Considering the fatty acid composition of the extracts, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid were the dominant saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, respectively. In conclusion, this study confirmed the terebinth fruits' strong bioactive and antimicrobial properties and established their fatty acid profiles, indicating their potential for a variety of applications.

Characterization of fatty acid profile by FFFS

The purpose of the study was to assess potential application of front face fluorescence spectroscopy as a rapid and non-destructive technique to discriminate between fats of animal and plant origin based on their fatty acid profiles, and to predict concentration of fatty acids from fluorescence spectra. Vitamin E emission spectra (300–500 nm) of butterfat and vegetable oil samples were recorded with excitation wavelength set at 295 nm. Fatty acid composition of the samples was determined by gas chromatography. Principal component analysis and partial least squares regression analysis were applied to the gas chromatography and fluorescence spectroscopy data. The butter-fats and vegetable oils were discriminated based on the total saturated and unsaturated fatty acids respectively. Tocopherols and tocotrienols accounted for the variability among various oils. A good prediction model was established with R2 = 0.745–0.992 for saturated fatty acids. The unsaturated fatty acids were characterized by low coefficients of determination (R2 < 0.339). The fatty acid profiles predicted from fluorescence spectra did not show significant difference to those determined by gas chromatography used as references. A good association was established between the two data tables. The study demonstrated great potential of front face fluorescence spectroscopy to rapidly discriminate between fats of animal and plant origin, and predict their saturated fatty acids composition, which could in turn be used for detection of milk fat adulteration with vegetable oil.

Characterization of Fatty Acid Profile of Argan Oil and Other Edible Vegetable Oils by Gas Chromatography and Discriminant Analysis

Virgin argan oil is an emergent oil that is being introduced into specialized international markets as a healthy and luxury food. In order to compare the fatty acid composition of argan oil with that of the eleven other vegetable edible oils, a combination of gas chromatography as analytical technique and multivariate discriminant analysis was applied. This analysis takes into account the conjoint effect of all the variables analyzed in the discrimination between oils and also shows the contribution of each variable to oils characterization. The model correctly classified 100% oil samples. According to the fatty acid composition, argan oil showed closest similarity firstly with sesame oil and secondly with high oleic sunflower oil. Olive oil was close to avocado oil and almond oil, followed by argan oil. Thus, similarities and differences between vegetable oils based on their fatty acid profile were established by the application of multivariate discriminant analysis. This method was proven to be a useful tool to study the relationships between oils according to the fat composition and to determine the importance of the fatty acid variables on the oils classification.

Characterization of Fatty Acid Profile in the Liver of SHR/NDmcr-cp (cp/cp) Rats, a Model of the Metabolic Syndrome

The fatty acid profile of hepatic lipid in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)/NDmcr-cp (cp/cp) rats (SHR/NDcp), which offer an animal model of the metabolic syndrome, was characterized by comparing those in Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY), SHR, stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) and SHR/NDmcr-cp (+/+) rats (SHR/ND+) . Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed that SHR/NDcp and the other four strains and/or substrains of rats were clearly disparate in fatty acid profile of hepatic lipid and that the disparity observed was due to the drastic increases in the mass of monounsaturated fatty acids, especially palmitoleic acid and oleic acid, in the liver of SHR/NDcp. Activities of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) and palmitoyl-CoA chain elongase in hepatic microsomes of SHR/NDcp were markedly higher than those of WKY, SHR, SHRSP and SHR/ND+. Activities of palmitoleoyl-CoA chain elongase in the liver of SHR/NDcp were also higher, but to a lesser extent. mRNA levels of SCD1 and elongation of very long-chain fatty acids (Elovl6), but not Elovl5, in the liver of SHR/NDcp were remarkably higher than those of the other four groups of rats. These results suggest that the enhanced expressions of SCD1 and Elovl6 induced abnormalities in fatty acid profile in the liver of SHR/NDcp.

Fatty acid profile of milk from Saanen goats fed a diet enriched with three vegetable oils

Characterization of fatty acid profiles and physico-chemical parameters of milk samples from Saanen goats fed diets enriched with 3% of three different vegetable oils (soybean, canola and sunflower) were carried out. Animals were arranged in a double 3 × 3 Latin square design and each pair of goats received diets containing one of the oils for 21 days—14 days for animal adaptation plus 7 days for milk sampling. Samples were collected twice a day. Milk from animals that received sunflower oil presented the highest conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) concentrations, whereas animals receiving canola oil had the lowest levels. Animals treated with soybean oil had the highest monounsaturated and polyunsatured fatty acids concentrations and the lowest concentration of saturated fatty acids. The n − 6/ n − 3 ratios were 3.90, 5.77 and 4.24 for milk of animals treated with soybean, canola and sunflower oils, respectively. Significant differences ( P < 0.05) between soybean and canola oil and between canola and sunflower oil treatments were observed. It is concluded that nutritional milk quality can be improved by adding vegetable oils to animal feed.