Characterization Of Ag Nanoparticles Research Articles

Green synthesis and characterization of Ag nanoparticles using fresh and dry Portulaca Oleracea leaf extracts: Enhancing light reflectivity properties of ITO glass

AbstractSilver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) are perceiving remarkable progress during the past few periods due to its exclusive properties in many applications. Recently, green synthesis method of NPs is racing against traditional chemical and physical methods by avoiding the use of many toxic chemicals, and expensive devices. Accordingly, in this study, dry and fresh Portulaca‐oleracea L. leaf extract has been employed for producing AgNPs as a reducing, capping and stabilizing agents. This process is simple, eco‐friendly and green. UV–vis spectra showed the formation of AgNPs represented by the change of a colorless liquid to brownish solution. The crystallinity of the AgNPs, was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The contribution of the available functional groups of the leaf extract in the reduction and capping process of NPs was demonstrated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). This study showed that fresh Portulaca‐oleracea L. leaf extract provides better NPs in terms of stability, purity, degree of crystallinity and spherical shape. The biosynthesized AgNPs from both procedures were coated on the indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates to enhance the reflectivity property. It has been shown that the utilized AgNPs, from fresh Portulaca‐oleracea L. extract, has smaller size and negligeable agglomeration, consequently lower light transmittance.

An investigation into synthesis and characterization of Ag-nanoparticles using green chemistry, and their antibacterial properties

The quest for new nano-systems is ongoing to provide tailored nanoparticle systems for commercial purposes. The ability to manage their size and morphology leads to an advantage over other characteristics, therefore, a stable generation system is considered critical for their applications. We employed rose plant leaves extract to generate Ag-NPs via silver nitrate (AgNO3) as a basic ingredient in this study. The procedure was executed for multiple concentrations of the plant extract, as well as varying amounts of salt, and for different time periods. All of the different steps resulted in the development of Ag-NPs. The emergence of an absorption peak at 425 nm in UV-Vis spectroscopic spectra, and the presence of spherical particles visualized through SEM provided evidence of the creation of small-sized Ag-NPs. Finally, using the spread plate method, the antibacterial activity of Ag-NPs was investigated, and it was discovered that Ag-NPs exhibit high antibacterial activity against the four bacterial strains.

Microbial mediated Synthesis and characterization of Ag Nanoparticles and its Synergistic impact on Actinobacterial, Anticancer and Antihelminthic activity

In this study, an endophytic actinomycetes strain of Streptomyces viridodiastaticus strain MGR23 was isolated from the roots of the medicinal plant Centella asiatica. The biosynthesized Ag-NPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Zeta potential, which confirmed the successful formation of crystalline, spherical silver nanoparticles. Biosynthesized AgNPs significantly inhibited and reduced the growth of medically important survival microorganisms (Streptomyces viridodiastaticus MGR 23 against Streptomyces toxytricini D2, Acidothermus cellulolyticus CA16, Streptomyces sp. MGR 21, Aciditerrimonas ferrireducens SM7 and Streptomyces tritici D5). The biosynthesized Ag-NPs exhibited broad-spectrum antihelminthic activity. Our data elucidated that the biosynthesized Ag-NPs had a highly cytotoxic effect against the cancerous L6 cell line under in vitro conditions, revealing a maximum IC50 value of 1.0 μg/mL and no known anticancer drug was used as a positive regulation. AgNPs have a remarkable synergistic impact that points to their considerable potential in nanomedicine for future clinical use as a combination therapy.

Silver (Ag) based nanoparticles in paraffin wax as thermal energy storage for stepped solar still – An experimental approach

Paraffin wax is used as a phase change material for thermal energy storage using silver (Ag) nanoparticles doped at different concentrations. The characteristics of Ag nanoparticles in terms of microstructural and thermal analysis are made to study the surface morphology of the nanoparticles. The weight composition of Ag nanoparticles in the paraffin wax is varied between 1 and 2%, and the comparison of thermal characteristics such as thermal conductivity (TC), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is made with respect to paraffin wax (PW) without nanoparticle. From the results of thermal conductivity, it is found that the relative improvement in thermal conductivity is found as 1.25 times using 2% of silver nanoparticle in paraffin wax as compared to the PW without NP’s. The DSC results revealed that the temperature of melting using 2% Ag NP’s 57.3 °C, as compared to PW without NP’s. Similarly, experiments are conducted on the stepped basin SS with Ag nanoparticle-based PW as thermal energy storage, and the thermal performance and palatable water generation are compared with SS using PW as thermal energy storage and without PW. The results indicated that with the use of nano-enhanced PW as heat energy storage in the basin of stepped SS, the water temperature, evaporation rate, and accumulated palatable water generation enhanced. The total palatable water generated from the SS using Ag nanoparticles in PW, PW without nano additive, and SS without PW is found as 7.98, 6.73, and 3.61 kg/m2, respectively. The relative improvement in the palatable water generation using Ag nanoparticle doped PW than pure paraffin wax which is due to the change in thermophysical properties, improved heat transport phenomenon, which improved the night time palatable water yield with higher retention of heat dissipated to the water through the basin. The economic analysis showed that the cost of producing potable water from the stepped SS by utilizing Ag-doped paraffin wax rose to 0.019 $ per litre, while the cost of producing potable water from the SS that used paraffin wax as thermal energy storage and SS without any thermal energy storage was determined to be 0.017 $ per litre and 0.018 $ per litre, respectively. However, the yearly palatable water generated from the SS employing the suggested modification is enhanced by about 18.42% and 120.72% in comparison to the SS with thermal energy storage and the SS without thermal energy storage, respectively. The results of the water quality investigation showed that the pH, TDS, thermal conductivity, and total hardness limitations of the consumable water generated by the thermal-based desalination system are within the limits of ISO 10500–2012 and WHO drinking water standards.

Correction: Green synthesis and characterization of Ag nanoparticles in a phytic acid/ascorbic acid/sodium hydroxide system and their application in the electrochemical detection of H2O2

Correction for ‘Green synthesis and characterization of Ag nanoparticles in a phytic acid/ascorbic acid/sodium hydroxide system and their application in the electrochemical detection of H2O2’ by Baolong Niu et al., New J. Chem., 2023, 47, 8797–8808, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2NJ06332H.

Green synthesis and characterization of Ag nanoparticles in a phytic acid/ascorbic acid/sodium hydroxide system and their application in the electrochemical detection of H2O2

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as one of the most ubiquitous compounds, is widely used in many fields and performs important functions in physiological processes.

Physico-chemical properties and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles fabricated by green synthesis

A proper understanding of silver (Ag) nanoparticles properties is fundamental for developing new antimicrobial agents. In this study, Ag nanoparticles were obtained by green synthesis methods using natural reducing agents present in extracts of apples, oranges, potatoes, red pepper, white onion, garlic and radish. The antimicrobial properties of respective nanoparticles, expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration, were assessed against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Candida krusei. Characterization of Ag nanoparticles was done with the application of transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and UV–vis spectroscopy. The obtained results led to the conclusions that in each extract (pH from 2.1 to 6.2) were obtained specific particles (size from 9 to 30 ± 2 nm) with different antimicrobial activity. Our study indicates that plant extracts gives the Ag nanoparticles specific properties, yet the best antimicrobial properties show nanoparticles obtained in the presence of potato extract.

Extraction of Nano Metal from Natural Compound

In this study, we used green synthesis method in prepared Nano particles. (AgNps) were prepared by the use of plant extract under standard laboratory conditions in clean room in Nano technology and advance materials research centre (NAMRC) /university of technology /Iraq as initial precursor’s silver nitrate with Orange and banana fruit waste (peel). The experimental laboratory used for characterization of Ag Nano particles were XRD, UV-visible and FTIR. Silver Nano particles were tested against several types of bacteria and gave best results versus gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial.

Synthesis, characterization of Ag nanoparticles using the green approach towards degradation of environmental pollutant

Synthesis, characterization of Ag nanoparticles using the green approach towards degradation of environmental pollutant

Novel green synthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated by Curcumae kwangsiensis for anti-lung cancer activities: a preclinical trial study.

The present work describes the green synthesis and characterization and cytotoxicity, antioxidant, and anti-human lung cancer activities of silver nanoparticles containing Curcumae kwangsiensis folium leaf aqueous extract. Ag nanoparticles were produced by mixing the AgNO3 solution with aqueous C. kwangsiensis folium leaf extract. Characterization of Ag nanoparticles was done by FE-SEM, FT-IR, TEM, and UV-Vis. FE-SEM and TEM images revealed an average diameter of 15-21 nm for the nanoparticles. MTT assay was used on common human lung cancer cell lines, i.e., lung well-differentiated bronchogenic adenocarcinoma (HLC-1), lung moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (LC-2/ad), and lung poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (PC-14) cell lines, to survey the cytotoxicity and anti-human lung cancer effects of Ag nanoparticles. They had very low cell viability and high anti-human lung cancer activities dose-dependently against HLC-1, LC-2/ad, and PC-14 cell lines without any cytotoxicity towards the normal cell line (HUVEC). The IC50 values of Ag nanoparticles were 249, 187, and 152 μg/ml against HLC-1, LC-2/ad, and PC-14 cell lines, respectively. The best results of cytotoxicity and anti-human lung cancer properties were seen at the concentration of 1000 μg/ml. Ag nanoparticles inhibited half of the DPPH molecules in the concentration of 135 μg/ml. Maybe significant anti-human lung cancer potentials of Ag nanoparticles synthesized by C. kwangsiensis folium leaf aqueous extract against common human lung cancer cell lines are linked to their antioxidant activities. After confirming the above results in the clinical trial research, this formulation can be administered to treat human lung cancers in humans.

Biosynthesis and Characterization of Ag Nanoparticles Using the Equisetum hyemale L. Plant Extract.

Biosynthesis and Characterization of Ag Nanoparticles Using the <i>Equisetum hyemale L</i>. Plant Extract.

Thermal Field Simulation of Ag Nanoparticles Induced by Femtosecond Laser

The thermal field distribution of Ag nanoparticles induced by femtosecond laser is calculated by using two-temperature equation in this paper, and its characteristics of Ag nanoparticles with single layered and multi-layered were compared and analyzed. It is found that there will be a local “hot spot” in the electromagnetic coupling region of adjacent particles, because of the electron tunneling effect and the plasma model for electron transfer, the temperature gradient in this region shows a trend of increasing at the beginning and then decreasing. The influence of the thermal field mainly comes from two aspects, one is the electromagnetic coupling of the plasmon mode, the other is the “cumulative effect” of temperature, and with the increase of irradiation time, the influence of the laser energy accumulation becomes more and more obvious on the thermal field distribution. At the same time, the results show that the smaller Ag nanoparticles will have higher temperature and temperature gradient with the same laser energy. It is also found that the electron and lattice temperature of Ag nanoparticles will reach the thermodynamic equilibrium distribution in 20 to 30 picoseconds.

Preparation and Characterization of Ag Nanoparticles on Porous Silicon for Photo Conversion

Preparation and Characterization of Ag Nanoparticles on Porous Silicon for Photo Conversion

Limon Yaprakları Ekstraktından Ag Nanopartiküllerin Biyosentezi ve Karakterizasyonu

The synthesis and characterization of Ag nanoparticles from Citrus limonum (lemon leaves) collected the Eastern Black Sea region was investigated in this study. A household microwave system device was used for microwave extraction of lemon leaves samples. The extract was prepared by taking 10g of dried lemon leaves. 10 g of sample was shaken in 100 mL of water for 90 min and extracted in a household microwave device at 4 minutes, 600 W. Ag nanoparticles were synthesized that the obtained aqueous solution was taken in different volumes by mixing 1 mM and 5mM AgNO3 solution. The colloid solution was subjected to microwave in an oven 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 minutes at 90, 180, 360 W. Then production of AgNPs, the mixture was watched by UV-Vis spectroscopy (Shimadzu UVP-1240 spectrophotometer) measurements at different wavelengths (300 – 800 nm) for SPR of silver nanoparticles. The transition from yellow to a dark brown, shows the synthesis of silver nanoparticles.

EFFECT OF PROCESS PARAMETERS ON THE SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND ITS EFFECTS ON MICROBES

Metallic silver (Ag) and some Ag compounds have long being used to fight microbial infection even before the emergence of antibiotics in the form of drugs. But lately, one of the problems facing the medical world is the occurrence of drug resistance microbes. Therefore, actions must be taken to overcome the problem, one of which is to continue studies to develop new drugs, either synthetic or natural. The ultimate goal is to offer appropriate and efficient antimicrobial drugs to patients. In this regard, with the advent of nanotechnology, it is now possible to synthesize nano scale Ag which can be used in diverse medical applications. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of some important parameters towards the production of high yield Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) from silver salts by making use of reducing agent. One-Factor-at-a-Time (OFAT) design of experiment was conducted, involving five important synthesis parameters. Based on the analyses of its yellow color, absorption by UV-vis in the range of 350 to 420 nm wavelength and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) at 420 nm, AgNPs produced were estimated to be in the range of 5 to 50 nm in diameter. Out of the five parameters tested, such as the concentration of silver nitrate (AgNO3), the initial pH of AgNO3 solution, the concentration of tri-sodium citrate (TSC), the reaction time between AgNO3 and TSC and stirring time (after reduction process), results showed that all factors except stirring time affect the production. Characterization of AgNPs, carried out using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), showed that the synthesized AgNPs were spherical with diameters less than 15 nm. Antimicrobial activity assays of AgNPs, carried out against selected microbes, namely Aspergillus niger, Microsporum canis and Staphylococcus aureus showed various degree of potencies.

Effects of laser fluence and liquid media on preparation of small Ag nanoparticles by laser ablation in liquid

This study aims to assess a method for preparation of small and highly stable Ag nanoparticles by nanosecond laser ablation in liquid. Effect of liquid medium and laser fluence on the size, morphology and structure of produced nanoparticles has been studied experimentally. Pulses of a Nd:YAG laser of 1064nm wavelength at 35ns pulse width at different fluences were employed to irradiate the silver target in different environments (water, ethanol and acetone). The UV-Visible absorption spectra of nanoparticles exhibit surface plasmon resonance absorption peak in the UV region. STEM and TEM micrographs were used to evaluate the size and shape of nanoparticles. The stability of silver colloids in terms of oxidation at different liquid media was analyzed by SAED patterns. The results showed that characteristics of Ag nanoparticles and their production rate were strongly influenced by varying laser fluence and liquid medium. Particles from 2 to 80nm of diameter were produced using different conditions and no oxidation was found in ethanol and acetone media. This work puts in evidence a promising approach to produce small nanoparticles by using high laser fluence energy.

Green synthesis and characterization of Ag nanoparticles from Mangifera indica leaves for dental restoration and antibacterial applications

Green synthesis has gained a wide recognition as clean synthesis technique in the recent years. In the present investigation, silver nanoparticles were prepared by a novel green synthesis technique using Mangifera indica (Mango leaves) and found to be successfully used in dental applications. The prepared samples were spectroscopically characterized by XRD, PSA, SEM with EDS, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The crystalline size and lattice strain were analyzed from the XRD data which were counter-verified by W–H plots and particle size analyzer. The XRD peaks revealed that average crystalline size of the as-synthesized Ag nanoparticles was of 32.4 nm with face-centered cubic structure. This was counter-verified by particle size analyzer and Williamson–Hall plots and found to be 31.7 and 33.21 nm in the former and latter, and the crystalline size of Ag NPs could be concluded as 32 ± 2 nm. The morphological structure of the prepared sample was studied through SEM images and the chemical composition was analyzed by the EDS data. The band energy was calculated as 393 nm from UV–Vis, which confirmed the synthesized sample as Ag nanoparticles. To improve the mechanical bonding and hardness of the dentally used glass ionomer cement (GIC), the synthesized silver nanoparticles were incorporated into GIC in 2% weight ratio. The morphology of the prepared specimens was studied using optical microscope images. Vickers microhardness and Monsanto hardness tests were performed on GIC, GIC reinforced with microsilver particles and GIC reinforced with nanosilver particles and the latter derived a promising results. The results of the Monsanto tests confirmed the increase in hardness of the GIC reinforced with AgNps as 14.2 kg/cm2 compared to conventional GIC and GIC reinforced with silver microparticle as 11.7 and 9.5 kg/cm2. Similarly the Vickers hardness results exhibited the enhanced hardness of GIC-reinforced AgNps as 82 VHN compared to GIC as 54 and GIC-reinforced silver microparticles as 61 VHN. The antibacterial activity of AgNPs was tested by a well-diffusion method on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, and the obtained results exhibited a promising antibacterial activity of the as-synthesized nanoparticles.

Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Internalized by Arabidopsis Plants Using Single Particle ICP-MS Analysis.

Plants act as a crucial interface between humans and their environment. The wide use of nanoparticles (NPs) has raised great concerns about their potential impacts on crop health and food safety, leading to an emerging research theme about the interaction between plants and NPs. However, up to this day even the basic issues concerning the eventual fate and characteristics of NPs after internalization are not clearly delineated due to the lack of a well-established technique for the quantitative analysis of NPs in plant tissues. We endeavored to combine a quantitative approach for NP analysis in plant tissues with TEM to localize the NPs. After using an enzymatic digestion to release the NPs from plant matrices, single particle-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS) is employed to determine the size distribution of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in tissues of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana after exposure to 10 nm Ag NPs. Our results show that Macerozyme R-10 treatment can release Ag NPs from Arabidopsis plants without changing the size of Ag NPs. The characteristics of Ag NPs obtained by SP-ICP-MS in both roots and shoots are in agreement with our transmission electron micrographs, demonstrating that the combination of an enzymatic digestion procedure with SP-ICP-MS is a powerful technique for quantitative determination of NPs in plant tissues. Our data reveal that Ag NPs tend to accumulate predominantly in the apoplast of root tissues whereby a minor portion is transported to shoot tissues. Furthermore, the fact that the measured size distribution of Ag NPs in plant tissue is centered at around 20.70 nm, which is larger than the initial 12.84 nm NP diameter, strongly implies that many internalized Ag NPs do not exist as intact individual particles anymore but are aggregated and/or biotransformed in the plant instead.

Solution plasma process to synthesize silver nanofluids and their thermal conductivity behaviors

A solution plasma process (SPP) was recently introduced as an effective method to synthesize various metallic and nonmetallic nanoparticles. In this work, the synthesis and characterization of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Ag nanofluids (AgNFs) using the SPP were investigated. The results showed that various shapes and sizes of AgNPs could be synthesized successfully using the SPP, and their size and shape were strongly affected by discharge time. As the discharge time increased, the morphologies of the synthesized AgNPs changed from spherical to dendritic in shape. The dispersion stability of the AgNPs in the solution also showed a close dependence upon the discharge time, showing a maximum zeta potential after discharging for 300 s. The thermal conductivity of the AgNFs increased as the discharge time increased. An increase in the thermal conductivity of the AgNFs of approximately 12% was observed after discharging for 900 s at 900 V and fully developed dendritic AgNPs were observed in the solution.

Development of an ammonia sensor based on silver nanoparticles in a poly-methacrylic acid matrix

Samples of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) in a poly-methacrylic acid (PMA) matrix have been prepared by a photo-induced reduction process. They have been widely characterized by SEM, EDX-mapping, TEM, XRD and XPS measurements. The results have shown that the morphological and microstructural characteristics of AgNPs formed in a PMA matrix depend on the Ag/PMA molar ratio. Thick films of these samples deposited on ceramic substrates have also been prepared. The formation of Ag dendritic structures has been evidenced in samples with a low Ag/PMA ratio, whereas at a higher Ag/PMA ratio the film surface was found to be highly heterogeneous, along with an increase in Ag species in the ionic form. Loading AgNPs/PMA samples with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) allowed production of conductive films suitable for sensing applications. The samples synthesized were investigated as sensing materials for fabricating ammonia (NH3) gas resistive sensors. The novel sensors developed are active at low temperature, exhibiting fast response/recovery times in a wide range of detection levels from ppm to v/v (%).